CN221353903U - New energy automobile four-in-one circuit short circuit protection architecture - Google Patents
New energy automobile four-in-one circuit short circuit protection architecture Download PDFInfo
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- CN221353903U CN221353903U CN202323490025.8U CN202323490025U CN221353903U CN 221353903 U CN221353903 U CN 221353903U CN 202323490025 U CN202323490025 U CN 202323490025U CN 221353903 U CN221353903 U CN 221353903U
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model is suitable for the technical field of new energy automobiles, and provides a four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of a new energy automobile, which comprises an energy supply battery, a voltage detection unit and an air conditioner controller, wherein the energy supply battery is connected with a four-in-one positive circuit, the four-in-one positive circuit is respectively connected with a motor positive circuit, an oil pump positive circuit, an air pump positive circuit and an air conditioner positive circuit, a four-in-one circuit contactor is arranged on the four-in-one positive circuit, two ends of the four-in-one circuit contactor are connected with a pre-charging module in parallel, capacitor voltage is slowly increased to protect an electric element when equipment is started through a pre-charging resistor, fuses are respectively arranged on the motor positive circuit, the oil pump positive circuit, the air pump positive circuit and the air conditioner positive circuit, and the voltage of the output ends of the fuses is detected through the voltage detection unit to judge the on-off condition of the fuses, so that a short-circuit can be timely detected and the information is sent to the air conditioner controller for next processing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model is suitable for the technical field of new energy automobiles, and provides a four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of a new energy automobile.
Background
In recent years, new energy electric vehicles are in a greatly rising situation from the aspects of yield and sales, more and more people begin to accept and use the electric vehicles, the pure electric vehicles are also gradually popularized and applied at present, more and more new energy vehicle types are marketed after various requirement indexes of carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching are received, the safety problem is considered, under the condition that the electric vehicles meet the circuit short circuit to cause overlarge current, the electric vehicles not only keep the necessary steering engine braking function of the vehicles, but also need to cut off related power supplies immediately, and the safety of personnel vehicles is guaranteed, however, the novel electric vehicles have a structure capable of rapidly detecting the short circuit faults of main components of the new energy vehicles and timely transmitting the short circuit positions to a vehicle controller.
Disclosure of utility model
Therefore, the utility model provides a four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of a new energy automobile, which is characterized in that a voltage detection point is added behind fuses of four main energy consumption circuits of the new energy automobile and is connected with a voltage detection unit, so that the voltage behind the fuses can be continuously detected, when the fuses are blown or a four-in-one circuit contactor is closed, the voltage at the voltage detection point at the position can be rapidly reduced to zero, the voltage detection unit can find out which position is faulty at the first time, and then the fault information can be continuously sent to a whole automobile controller, and the whole automobile controller can correspondingly control the automobile.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a new energy automobile four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure, includes energy supply battery, voltage detection unit and whole car controller, the positive and negative pole of energy supply battery is connected with main positive pole circuit and main negative pole circuit respectively;
the device comprises a main positive circuit, a motor, an oil pump, an air conditioner, a voltage detection unit, an air conditioner control unit, a voltage detection unit and a voltage detection unit, wherein the main positive circuit is connected with a four-in-one positive circuit, a four-in-one circuit contactor is arranged on the four-in-one positive circuit, a pre-charging module is connected in parallel at two ends of the four-in-one circuit contactor, the pre-charging module comprises a pre-charging circuit contactor and a pre-charging resistor, the pre-charging circuit contactor is connected in series with the pre-charging resistor, the four-in-one positive circuit is connected with the motor positive circuit, the oil pump positive circuit, the air pump positive circuit and the air conditioner positive circuit, the motor positive circuit, the oil pump positive circuit and the air conditioner positive circuit are connected in parallel, the motor positive circuit fuse is provided with the oil pump circuit fuse, the air pump positive circuit fuse is provided with the air conditioner circuit fuse, and the output end of the air conditioner fuse is electrically connected with the voltage detection unit, and the voltage detection unit is electrically connected with the voltage detection unit;
The main negative electrode circuit is connected with a motor negative electrode circuit, an oil pump negative electrode circuit, an air pump negative electrode circuit and an air conditioner negative electrode circuit, and the motor negative electrode circuit, the oil pump negative electrode circuit, the air pump negative electrode circuit and the air conditioner negative electrode circuit are arranged in parallel.
Further, one end of the positive electrode circuit and one end of the negative electrode circuit of the oil pump are connected with an oil pump inverter, and the output end of the oil pump inverter is connected with an oil pump alternating current power supply circuit; one end of the air pump positive electrode circuit and one end of the air pump negative electrode circuit are connected with an air pump inverter, and the output end of the air pump inverter is connected with an air pump alternating current power supply circuit.
Further, the main positive electrode circuit is connected with a charging positive electrode circuit, the charging positive electrode circuit and the four-in-one positive electrode circuit are arranged in parallel, the charging positive electrode circuit is provided with a charging circuit fuse and a charging circuit contactor, the main negative electrode circuit is connected with a charging negative electrode circuit, and the charging negative electrode circuit is arranged in parallel with a motor negative electrode circuit, an oil pump negative electrode circuit, an air pump negative electrode circuit and an air conditioner negative electrode circuit.
Further, the cross section areas of the battery cores of the four-in-one positive electrode circuit, the motor negative electrode circuit, the main positive electrode circuit and the main negative electrode circuit are larger than or equal to 95 square millimeters.
Further, the cross section area of the battery core is larger than or equal to 4 square millimeters.
Further, the cross section area of the battery core of the charging positive electrode circuit and the charging negative electrode circuit is larger than or equal to 80 square millimeters.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the utility model, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltages of the output ends of the motor circuit fuse, the oil pump circuit fuse, the air pump circuit fuse and the air conditioner circuit fuse, when a short circuit occurs at a certain position of the four-in-one power supply circuit, a short circuit line can be timely found according to the phenomenon that the voltage of the fuse is reduced to zero, and the voltage detection unit is used for sending short circuit line information to the whole vehicle controller, so that the whole vehicle controller can timely perform protection operation according to the situation;
2. The precharge module is connected in parallel with the two ends of the four-in-one circuit contactor to protect all electric elements when the device is started, and the precharge module can limit the charge current in the capacitor to a smaller range through the precharge resistor connected in series on the circuit of the precharge module, so that the voltage in the capacitor slowly rises, thereby avoiding the generation of excessive current in the initial stage of charging the capacitor and protecting the elements in the circuit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of a four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of a new energy automobile according to the present utility model.
In the figure:
1. The energy supply battery, 2, a main positive circuit, 3, a main negative circuit, 4, a four-in-one positive circuit, 401, a four-in-one circuit contactor, 402, a pre-charge circuit contactor, 403, a pre-charge resistor, 5, a motor positive circuit, 501, a motor circuit fuse, 6, an oil pump positive circuit, 601, an oil pump circuit fuse, 7, an air pump positive circuit, 701, an air pump circuit fuse, 8, an air conditioner positive circuit, 801, an air conditioner circuit fuse, 9, a charging positive circuit, 901, a charging circuit contactor, 902, a charging circuit fuse, 10, a voltage detection unit, 11, a vehicle controller, 12, an oil pump inverter, 13, an oil pump alternating current power supply circuit, 14, an air pump inverter, 15, an air pump alternating current power supply circuit, 16, a motor negative circuit, 17, an oil pump negative circuit, 18, an air pump negative circuit, 19, an air conditioner negative circuit, 20 and a charging negative circuit.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present utility model only, and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of a new energy automobile, which comprises an energy supply battery 1, a voltage detection unit 10 and a whole vehicle controller 11, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy supply battery 1 are respectively connected with a main positive electrode circuit 2 and a main negative electrode circuit 3;
The main positive electrode circuit 2 is connected with a four-in-one positive electrode circuit 4, a four-in-one circuit contactor 401 is arranged on the four-in-one positive electrode circuit 4, the contactor is used for realizing the on-off of the main circuit through a control circuit, the two ends of the four-in-one circuit contactor 401 are connected in parallel with a pre-charging module, the pre-charging module comprises a pre-charging circuit contactor 402 and a pre-charging resistor 403, the pre-charging circuit contactor 402 is connected with the pre-charging resistor 403 in series, the charging current in a capacitor is limited in a smaller range through the pre-charging resistor 403, so that the voltage in the capacitor slowly rises, thereby avoiding the generation of excessive current in the initial stage of charging the capacitor, protecting elements in the circuit, the four-in-one positive electrode circuit 4 is connected with a motor positive electrode circuit 5, an oil pump positive electrode circuit 6, an air pump positive electrode circuit 7 and an air conditioner positive electrode circuit 8, the motor positive circuit 5, the oil pump positive circuit 6, the air pump positive circuit 7 and the air conditioner positive circuit 8 are arranged in parallel, the motor positive circuit 5 is provided with a motor circuit fuse 501, the oil pump positive circuit 6 is provided with an oil pump circuit fuse 601, the air pump positive circuit 7 is provided with an air pump circuit fuse 701, the air conditioner positive circuit 8 is provided with an air conditioner circuit fuse 801, the fuses are matched with the four-in-one circuit contactor 401 to realize the function of cutting off short-circuit current, the output ends of the motor circuit fuse 501, the oil pump circuit fuse 601, the air pump circuit fuse 701 and the air conditioner circuit fuse 801 are electrically connected with a voltage detection unit 10, the voltage detection unit 10 is electrically connected with a whole vehicle controller 11, thus, the voltage detection unit 10 can monitor the fusing condition of the fuse at any time, once the circuit where the fuse is located is short-circuited, the fuse is fused, at the moment, the voltage at the output end of the fuse drops to zero rapidly; the main negative electrode circuit 3 is connected with a motor negative electrode circuit 16, an oil pump negative electrode circuit 17, an air pump negative electrode circuit 18 and an air conditioner negative electrode circuit 19, and the motor negative electrode circuit 16, the oil pump negative electrode circuit 17, the air pump negative electrode circuit 18 and the air conditioner negative electrode circuit 19 are arranged in parallel, and the negative electrode circuits and the positive electrode circuits form a complete loop.
In a further scheme, one end of an oil pump positive circuit 6 and one end of an oil pump negative circuit 17 are connected with an oil pump inverter 12, and the output end of the oil pump inverter 12 is connected with an oil pump alternating current power supply circuit 13; one end of the air pump positive electrode circuit 7 and one end of the air pump negative electrode circuit 18 are connected with an air pump inverter 14, the output end of the air pump inverter 14 is connected with an air pump alternating current power supply circuit 15, and the reason for arranging the air pump inverter 12 and the air pump inverter 14 is that the conventional oil pump and air pump are powered by alternating current.
In a further scheme, the main positive electrode circuit 2 is connected with a charging positive electrode circuit 9, the charging positive electrode circuit 9 and the four-in-one positive electrode circuit 4 are arranged in parallel, the charging positive electrode circuit 9 is provided with a charging circuit fuse 902 and a charging circuit contactor 901, the main negative electrode circuit 3 is connected with a charging negative electrode circuit 20, the charging negative electrode circuit 20 and the motor negative electrode circuit 16, the oil pump negative electrode circuit 17, the air pump negative electrode circuit 18 and the air conditioner negative electrode circuit 19 are arranged in parallel, and the energy supply battery 1 can be reversely and rapidly charged through the charging positive electrode circuit 9 and the charging negative electrode circuit 20.
Preferably, the cross-sectional areas of the battery cores of the four-in-one positive electrode circuit 4, the motor positive electrode circuit 5, the motor negative electrode circuit 16, the main positive electrode circuit 2 and the main negative electrode circuit 3 are 95 square millimeters, and the main power supply circuit and the motor are high-load circuits which need to adopt cables with higher specifications so as to ensure safety; the cross-sectional areas of the electric cores of the oil pump positive electrode circuit 6, the air pump positive electrode circuit 7, the air conditioner positive electrode circuit 8, the oil pump negative electrode circuit 17, the air pump negative electrode circuit 18 and the air conditioner negative electrode circuit 19 are 4 square millimeters, and the loads of the power supply circuits are low, so that a cable with a low specification is adopted; the cross-sectional areas of the cells of the charge positive electrode circuit 9 and the charge negative electrode circuit 20 are 80 square millimeters, and in order to ensure the charging efficiency, the passing current of the charging line is generally high, and therefore a cable of a high specification is also required.
The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
When the device is started, the four-in-one circuit contactor 401 is firstly kept in an open state, the precharge circuit contactor 402 is closed, at this time, the energy supply battery 1 supplies power to the whole system through a circuit of the precharge module, at this time, since the precharge resistor 403 limits the charging current in the capacitor to a smaller range, the voltage in the capacitor slowly rises, thereby avoiding the generation of excessive current at the initial stage of charging the capacitor, the elements in the circuit are protected, when the voltage in the capacitor slowly rises to a specified value (the value is typically 95% of the working voltage in the embodiment), the precharge circuit contactor 402 is opened, the four-in-one circuit contactor 401 is closed, at this time, the whole system enters a normal working state, and when any position of the motor energy supply circuit, the oil pump energy supply circuit, the air pump energy supply circuit and the air conditioner energy supply circuit has a short-circuit fault, fuses to protect the whole circuit, the voltage detecting unit 10 continuously monitoring the fuses at the first time monitors the voltage drop at the output end of the fuses to be zero, the voltage detecting unit 10 transmits the information to the whole vehicle controller 11, and the whole vehicle controller 11 is particularly suitable for the operation of the whole vehicle according to the current situation.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that, where azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "transverse, vertical, horizontal", "head, tail", and "top, bottom", etc., indicate azimuth or positional relationships generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and any person skilled in the art may modify the present utility model or make modifications to the present utility model equivalent thereto using the technical solutions described above. Therefore, any simple modification or equivalent made according to the technical solution of the present utility model falls within the scope of the protection claimed by the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a new energy automobile four unification circuit short-circuit protection architecture, includes energy supply battery (1), its characterized in that still includes: the power supply device comprises a voltage detection unit (10) and a whole vehicle controller (11), wherein the anode and the cathode of the energy supply battery (1) are respectively connected with a main anode circuit (2) and a main cathode circuit (3);
The main positive circuit (2) is connected with a four-in-one positive circuit (4), a four-in-one circuit contactor (401) is arranged on the four-in-one positive circuit (4), two ends of the four-in-one circuit contactor (401) are connected with a pre-charging module in parallel, the pre-charging module comprises a pre-charging circuit contactor (402) and a pre-charging resistor (403), the pre-charging circuit contactor (402) is connected with the pre-charging resistor (403) in series, the four-in-one positive circuit (4) is connected with a motor positive circuit (5), an oil pump positive circuit (6), an air pump positive circuit (7) and an air conditioner positive circuit (8), the motor positive circuit (5), the oil pump positive circuit (6), the air pump positive circuit (7) and the air conditioner positive circuit (8) are arranged in parallel, the motor positive circuit (5) is provided with a motor circuit fuse (501), the oil pump positive circuit (6) is provided with an oil pump circuit fuse (601), the air pump positive circuit (7) is provided with an air pump fuse (801), the air pump positive circuit (501) is connected with the air conditioner positive circuit (8) and the air conditioner positive circuit (801) is electrically connected with the air conditioner fuse (801), the voltage detection unit (10) is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller (11);
The main negative pole circuit (3) is connected with a motor negative pole circuit (16), an oil pump negative pole circuit (17), an air pump negative pole circuit (18) and an air conditioner negative pole circuit (19), and the motor negative pole circuit (16), the oil pump negative pole circuit (17), the air pump negative pole circuit (18) and the air conditioner negative pole circuit (19) are arranged in parallel.
2. The four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the oil pump positive circuit (6) and one end of the oil pump negative circuit (17) are connected with an oil pump inverter (12), and the output end of the oil pump inverter (12) is connected with an oil pump alternating current power supply circuit (13); one end of the air pump positive circuit (7) and one end of the air pump negative circuit (18) are connected with an air pump inverter (14), and the output end of the air pump inverter (14) is connected with an air pump alternating current power supply circuit (15).
3. The four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the charging device is characterized in that the main positive circuit (2) is connected with a charging positive circuit (9), the charging positive circuit (9) is arranged in parallel with the four-in-one positive circuit (4), the charging positive circuit (9) is provided with a charging circuit fuse (902) and a charging circuit contactor (901), the main negative circuit (3) is connected with a charging negative circuit (20), and the charging negative circuit (20) is arranged in parallel with a motor negative circuit (16), an oil pump negative circuit (17), an air pump negative circuit (18) and an air conditioner negative circuit (19).
4. The four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the four-in-one positive electrode circuit (4), the motor positive electrode circuit (5), the motor negative electrode circuit (16), the main positive electrode circuit (2) and the main negative electrode circuit (3) are larger than or equal to 95 square millimeters in cell cross section.
5. The four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the battery cell cross section area of the oil pump positive electrode circuit (6), the air pump positive electrode circuit (7), the air conditioner positive electrode circuit (8), the oil pump negative electrode circuit (17), the air pump negative electrode circuit (18) and the air conditioner negative electrode circuit (19) is larger than or equal to 4 square millimeters.
6. The four-in-one circuit short-circuit protection structure of a new energy automobile according to claim 3, wherein: the cross-sectional area of the battery core of the charging positive electrode circuit (9) and the charging negative electrode circuit (20) is larger than or equal to 80 square millimeters.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN221353903U true CN221353903U (en) | 2024-07-16 |
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