CN2213289Y - Common briquette and bulk coal dual-purpose high effective smokeless top-burning type stove - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an elementary burning device and structure which is suitable for the coal burning stoves with various sizes. The common briquette or bulk coal with no combustion improver is put into a furnace chamber and ignited from top to bottom through the proper ventilation and the heat preservation reinforcement. A coal lifting mechanism is used to realize to feed the coal from the lower side. A roll over fire grate is adopted to realize the coal feeding, residue discharge, and continuous burning integrally. A sensing device is arranged additionally to monitor and alarm the coal feeding time. A burner tile is improved, the shape of a conduit is improved, and an electromechanical device is adopted, which can realizes the automatization of the coal feeding and the residue discharge.

Description

Common briquette and bulk coal dual-purpose high effective smokeless top-burning type stove

The utility model relates to the basic structure and the annex thereof of all kinds of coal stoves such as boiler, tea furnace, indigenous heating stove, cooking stove, domestic burners and chafing dish, and the dual-purpose energy of the diffusing coal of particularly common moulded coal realizes going up the also high effective smokeless stove and accessory of energy automation coal slagging-off of combustion.

The stove and accessory that China uses coal at present still adopts combustion mode down mostly.Since will be from top coal, the burner temperature is not high, causes a large amount of fuel gas and material promptly to enter in the atmosphere without burning and goes, also contaminated environment had both wasted energy, and coal and slagging-off optimum condition be difficult to grasp, operating difficulties and arduous, and coal and slagging-off automation be also difficulty generally.The upper-burning stove and accessory of having developed be owing to will use special moulded coal, the cost height, and still difficult the popularization, and also the structure of combustion parts is not as improving, and the raising of thermal conversion efficiency also can be restricted.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of above-mentioned shortcoming that can overcome, particularly realizing under the condition of using common moulded coal or diffusing bituminous coal that thereby combustion can improve thermal energy conversion efficiency, save the energy, reduce pollution, simplify the operation and realize the basic structure and the annex thereof of all kinds of stove and accessorys of coal and slagging-off automation environment.Another purpose of the present utility model is exactly under the situation of using traditional stove and accessory and combustion method (following combustion method), also can reach above-mentioned requirements to a great extent as long as increase an annex.

Realize that approach of the present utility model is: by strengthening around the combustion zone and the insulation on top and place regenerative block (9) on the coal body and (Fig. 2) wait the strong reflection measure in the above, improve the coal body and the fire box temperature of burning in the above, make it to following coal body conduction and sufficiently high temperature of radiation and sufficient heat, thereby realize from up to down igniting.Because the fuel gas that destructive distillation goes out must be by the red regenerative block of top burning, coal-fired body above reaching, thereby can accomplish absolutely burning, thereby can further improve the temperature of burner hearth and coal body, form benign cycle, accomplish to use common moulded coal or diffusing coal can reach above-mentioned effect, can realize all burnings, no carbon granule, carbon monoxide and other combustibles are discharged.In addition, the dust of discharging to atmosphere also greatly reduces, thereby can save the energy greatly, reduce and pollute, and operation and management is easily, can improve working conditions, and also can further realize semi-automation or automation mechanized operation.

Embodiment of the present utility model and description of drawings are as follows: Fig. 1 is the basic structure of body of heater.Tile (1) is made by refractory cement or steel gray (furnace charge) etc., wherein can mix a certain proportion of flame-proof thermal insulation material, also can use the double-layer vacuum tile (13) of Figure 10 or add shown in Figure 16 with glass-ceramic or metal double-layer seal vacuum heat-preserving cover (14).Tile (1) suitably has airing hole (3), the tile periphery is provided with suitable ventilation duct (4), also can use interior ventilation duct (20) to have some air vents on it,, can utilize cross-ventilation or air blast to provide oxygen toward combustion parts from following so that under the situation that uses the coal that looses.Interior ventilation duct (20) is located in the tile, and the cover cap can be established to improve oxidation and combustion efficiency in the top in case of necessity.Fill out between body of heater shell and the tile with thicker layering or not stratified flame-proof thermal insulation material, furnace roof portion also applies with certain thickness heat-insulation layer, and heat-insulation layer all should be in confined space.Body of heater is that main material is made with metal, cement or ceramic body.

In order to observe stove internal combustion situation, open the hole (10) of a straight-through burner hearth in the body of heater bottom, the time of coal has been arrived in explanation when having red light to occur in this hole.Can be placed on optical sensor in the hole and connect the electronic alarm circuit sending signal and need represent coal.Also can be by optical sensor (66) control automatic stoking system.

When using manpower to add moulded coal, the band handle holder shovel (49) that moulded coal is placed on the band orientation mark (48) shown in the figure (9) is gone up and is sent in the coal groove (7), and pulling out movable furnace grate (6) again can be with the moulded coal holder to the end opening of tile (1) with foot-operated truck dead lever (19).At this moment, push movable furnace grate (6) and can make it in place.Also can use active lever shown in Figure 17 (15), need this moment among the breach (22) with its end insertion coal groove (7) bottom, and its end is withstood on the appropriate location of pallet (18) bottom surface, its ledge (53) is in order to keep insertion depth constant.Foot-operated this lever also can be gone into the moulded coal holder fire door down.The position of breach (22) and size shape should guarantee that lever (15) or (19) one ends can insert and and pallet (18) bottom surface between sliding-contact.Continuing coal successively by this method can make and fill moulded coal in the burner hearth.Each guide rod (16) end is with screw thread and screws on nut or add the adjustable garden cover of upper-lower position, in order to adjust the distance that pallet rises.

When using manpower to add to loose coal, the movable end (23) shown in Figure 8, added in the coal bunker (24) of Fig. 7, the lower edge of coal bunker has three ledges (54) (25) is unlikely at the bottom of can the assurance activity and comes off.The coal that will loose is contained in the coal bunker (24), and it is pushed coal groove (7), pulls out movable furnace grate (6), with pedal lever (19) can will loose the coal holder in fire door down, push movable furnace grate (6) and institute is added loose coal to remain in the burner hearth.Easily hold in the palm get in order to make the coal that looses this moment, can use the big young tile (50) up and down of the mid diameter shown in the figure (11).

The moulded coal and the coal that looses all can adopt " whole tube direct addition ".Go to the bottom and rise device for coal (8) and remove coal groove (7) this moment.Add the diffusing coal of most burner hearths in from last fire door toward stove, the height of after-burning to peephole (10) ignites, when red light occurring in the hole, the slag tube (12) that connects shown in Figure 13 is placed on down the fire door place, pulls out movable grate (6) and can make remaining red diffusing coal of combustion and lime-ash fall into this to connect slag tube (12).Push movable furnace grate (6) this moment, add the diffusing coal of most burner hearths again from last fire door again, will connect slag tube (12) and be placed on the fire door top, pull out its movable grate (25), make the red coal of combustion fall into fire door, the diffusing coal that adds is for the second time ignited from the top down successively.Also can use U-shaped pipe shown in Figure 12 to fail breeching (52), by from coal-storage pot (51) to diffusing coal applied pressure and shake or vibration, the coal that looses is entered from fire door down successively burns the burner hearth, movable furnace grate this moment (6) also can save.

When adding moulded coal with whole tube direct addition, extract movable furnace grate (6) earlier out, several red moulded coals of burner hearth internal combustion promptly fall within ground, push fire grate then, the an amount of new moulded coal of packing into is selected one to two again and is fallen within the ground red moulded coal of combustion and be placed on the new coal, can continue to go up the process of combustion.The small-sized burner tool of further simplifying of going up uses rigid grate, and therefore coal body that can combustion is red after the coal body combustion of burner hearth bottom is red from the ground of pouring out suitable for reading, adds new coal and anthracite according to above-mentioned way with lime-ash then.Break into pieces when preventing that moulded coal lands, can place beam (63) on the ground and stove pin (65) is shortened as far as possible.

With " whole tube direct addition " coal, also can use convertible fire grate shown in Figure 21.This fire grate one side is fixed in fire door rear side down by rotating shaft (68), and the downward ledge in front side is connected with slide fastener, hook or other registration arm (60) that can hang on the body of heater.Slide fastener or the hook (60) that to be hung on the body of heater this moment are taken, and the back fire grate of loosing one's grip flips down the red coal of stove internal combustion and can fall.Use slide fastener (60) with the fire grate pull-up again before the whole tube coal, and slide fastener etc. is hung on the body of heater.

No matter be to add to loose coal or add moulded coal, will be with the size shape that refractory cement or steel gray furnace charge etc. and insulation material are made identical with the moulded coal regenerative block (9) of the Shi Douxu that ignites at the beginning (Fig. 2) is placed on the top of coal, can improve temperature in the burner hearth by its accumulation of heat (reflection), coal is ignited from the top down successively.Can keep certain distance (bottom surface is made sufficient shape or added sept therebetween) between regenerative block (9) and the coal body below it in case of necessity.Traditional following burner tool is raised the efficiency the minimizing pollution as using regenerative block (9) also can strengthen firepower to a certain extent.

Coal groove (7) bottom is welded with draw runner, can guarantee that coal is smooth.

Rising device for coal (8) is made up of pallet (18) and three guide rods (16).For guaranteeing that guide rod moves up and down along vertical-path, be welded with the orienting piece (17) of three perforates.Each guide rod all passes each hole and moves up and down.After pallet (18) was gone into the coal holder down fire door and pushed fire grate, the effect of relying on power for support fell naturally and sets back.A sliding-contact needn't be fixed between one end of lever (15) or (19) and pallet (18).

Coal has heating wire is embedded the electric heating piece of making in the refractory cement (28) in order to ignite, its shape and sectional area size and suitable again perforate above moulded coal is identical.Its two contact points (56) that expose two contact electrodes (55) and tile inner face are all made with refractory metal.Energising when igniting, in its power circuit, be in series with the thermal switch (21) that constitutes by bimetal leaf, and be placed on appropriate position in the stove, contact (56) depression, to prevent that the contact-type coal from causing power supply short circuit or body of heater charged, contact electrode (55) has elasticity, so that contact with depression contact (56).The back makes the thermal switch action cut off the power supply automatically owing to temperature in the stove rises thereby energising is ignited.When banking up a fire bottom (61) is inserted in the slide rail (62), note but still have carbon monoxide to produce when banking up a fire.

A shoveling (30) is established in the above space of fire door, and the wall portion on its opposite opens the wicket (29) of a band spring, and it divides into a dreg-accepting hopper (11), can carry out the manpower slagging-off with shoveling (30).When carrying out self-skimming, use the motor (31) by cycle timer (34) control shown in Figure 15 to drive shoveling (57) by decelerator (32) and cam (33).Shoveling (57) has spring can make it finish the reposition automatically of slagging-off action back.

When carrying out automatic stoking, the automatic stoking system (47) that has strand coal device that uses the motor (42) by cycle timer (40) control shown in Figure 14 to drive by decelerator (43).But fire door is down led in this coal system horizontal, tilting or vertical setting, its outlet.Be provided with position-movable uniform flow piece (44) in order to make the coal that twists out evenly be flowing in the exit, it is shaped as cone, and the tip down.In addition, also can use motor (35) to carry out automatic stoking by decelerator (36) driving jacking cam (37) fire grate cam (38) and coal control cam (39) by cycle timer (41) control.

The parameter of cycle timer (34), (40) and (41) is set and should be guaranteed to be enough to make it to finish the action of slagging-off coal respectively to each motor supplying time, and the time interval of stopping power supply should need the time interval of coal consistent with twice.Because slagging-off and coal need carry out simultaneously, therefore above-mentioned each cycle timer and motor can suitably merge.

When being applied to hot-water heating stove or tea furnace etc. when having the stove and accessory of different medium heat exchange section, the distribution of heat exchange section or water jacket (45), (58) and thermal-arrest wing (46) comprises around space that fire door is above and the body of heater that as shown in Figure 1, the outside of water jacket or top should add suitable airtight heat-insulation layer (5).Cover fire door with last furnace access cap (64) with holes or not with holes when using the hot-water heating stove.

In the utility model accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a body of heater basic structure, and Fig. 2 is a regenerative block, Fig. 3 is the electric heating piece, and Fig. 4 represents the operating position of regenerative block, and Fig. 5 represents the use of electric heating piece, Fig. 6 is a movable furnace grate, Fig. 7 is a coal bunker, and Fig. 8 is the movable end of coal bunker, and Fig. 9 adds the holder shovel that moulded coal is used, Figure 10 is the vacuum heat-preserving tile, Figure 11 adds the tile that the coal that looses is used, and Figure 12 is the defeated breeching of U type pipe, and Figure 13 connects the slag tube, Figure 14, the 18th, the automatic stoking system, Figure 15 is the self-skimming system, and Figure 16 is the vacuum heat-preserving cover, and Figure 17 is movable pedal lever, Figure 19 is a beam, Figure 20 is a furnace access cap, and Figure 21 is convertible fire grate, and Figure 22 is the bottom of banking up a fire.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of common moulded coal dual-purpose high effective smokeless upper-burning stove and accessory of coal that looses, it is characterized in that structure division is with metal, cement or ceramic body etc. are made, tubular tile (1) reaches furnace roof portion on every side and is provided with thicker and layering or not stratified airtight heat-insulation layer (2), have airing hole (3) around the tile, and by tile outside or inner ventilation pipe (4) (20) ventilation, fire grate that can extract out or turnover (6) (67) is housed, coal groove (7) and rise device for coal (8), have fire sealing cover (61), electric heating piece (28) ignites, regenerative block (9) and last furnace access cap (64) with holes or not with holes, the body of heater bottom has the coal monitoring holes (10) of belt sensor (66), dreg-accepting hopper (11) is housed above, wicket (29) and shoveling (30) or in addition the portion of getting ready connect slag tube (12), adopt the coal deslagging device of artificial or automation.

2, it is characterized in that according to the described stove and accessory of claim 1 regenerative block (9) mixes flame-proof thermal insulation material by refractory cement or steel gray furnace charge etc. and make, its cross-sectional sizes, shape and moulded coal are same or similar, and the variable thickness phasing together, suitably perforate, its bottom be with in case of necessity pin or and coal body between add sept.

3, it is characterized in that according to the described stove and accessory of claim 1 tile (1) made by refractory cement or steel gray furnace charge etc., wherein can mix a certain proportion of flame-proof thermal insulation material, internal face is provided with depression contact (56), also can use double-layer vacuum tile (13), also use the outside ventilation duct of making by refractory cement (4) from the bottom air intake by the suitable perforate of tile, or use be positioned at tile suitably perforate in case of necessity the top be provided with cover cap ventilation duct (20) directly from following air intake, tile bottom and Ge Kai one hole, body of heater bottom, catheter placement and in pipe, establish sensor (66) and constitute coal monitoring holes (10) therebetween, heat-insulation layer around the tile is thicker, and be in confined space, or use vacuum heat-preserving cover (14), suitable heat-insulation layer (59) also lays in furnace roof portion, apply thereon and form airtight overcoat with materials such as cement

In addition, it is little also to have lower port diameter, and the middle part diameter is big but the following special-purpose tile (50) of the coal that looses that adds that first half diameter reduces again gradually.

4, stove and accessory according to claim 1, be equipped with below the fire door under it is characterized in that and rise device for coal (8), comprise coal groove (7), drive and by the pallet (18) of three guide rods (16) and three orienting pieces (17) guiding and band spring or not with extracted out the fire grate (6) of spring by removable lever (15) or truck dead lever (19)

Also can use convertible fire grate (67), the one end is fixed in the rear side of fire door down with rotating shaft mode, and there is downward ledge the front portion, and its termination is connected with suitable slide fastener, hook or other fixed arms (60) that also can be hung on the body of heater of length,

The preceding bottom of following fire door is provided with slide rail (62), be used for inserting and bank up a fire with bottom (61), coal groove (7) inner face bottom has draw runner (27) and has breach (22) and three holes (26) that guide rod can pass through, only do sliding-contact between the bottom surface of lever (15) or (19) one ends and pallet (18), the termination of each guide rod (16) all is with screw thread, and screws on nut or add the adjustable circle cover of upper-lower position.

5, stove and accessory according to claim 1 is characterized in that having adding of the movable end of band (23) coal bunker (24) that coal uses that looses, band fixedly grate maybe can interior the cross sectional shape of extraction activity grate (25) and the big or small bottom identical with tile or following fire door connect slag tube (12),

Have the identical suitable perforate of shape and sectional area size and make and be embedded with the holder of igniting electric heating piece (28) and adding the band orientation mark (48) that moulded coal uses of heating wire by refractory cement and shovel (49) with moulded coal,

Electric heating piece (28) is equipped with by what refractory metal was made is with flexible contact electrode (55), is in series with the thermal switch (21) that is contained in the stove in its power circuit.

6, stove and accessory according to claim 1 is characterized in that a side of fire door superjacent air space has dreg-accepting hopper (11) and wicket (29), the self-skimming shoveling (57) that has spring that the motor (31) that opposite side is equipped with manual slagging-off shoveling (30) or controlled by cycle timer (34) is driven by decelerator (32) and cam (33).

7, stove and accessory according to claim 1 is characterized in that having motor (35) by cycle timer (41) control by decelerator (36), jacking cam (37), fire grate cam (38) and the formed automatic stoking of coal control cam (39) system, or the motor (42) that is subjected to cycle controller (40) control by decelerator (43) but drive horizontal, tilting or vertically be provided with most advanced and sophisticated uniform flow piece (44) down lead under the formed automatic stoking of strand coal device (47) system of fire door.

8, stove and accessory according to claim 1 is characterized in that having the beam (63) that wire or bar are made.

9, stove and accessory according to claim 1, it is characterized in that heat-exchange system or water tank (45) (58) and thermal-arrest wing (46) mainly are placed in around the fire door above space and body of heater, in the water tank outside and top also be covered with airtight air-locked heat-insulation layer (5).

10, stove and accessory according to claim 1 is characterized in that having the band coal-storage pot (51) that adds the coal special use of loosing and leads to the U font breeching (52) of fire door down.