CN221225872U - Fire-resistant medium voltage cable - Google Patents
Fire-resistant medium voltage cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN221225872U CN221225872U CN202321597636.XU CN202321597636U CN221225872U CN 221225872 U CN221225872 U CN 221225872U CN 202321597636 U CN202321597636 U CN 202321597636U CN 221225872 U CN221225872 U CN 221225872U
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fire-resistant medium-voltage cable, which comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapped outside the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer, a heat insulation layer, a fire-resistant layer, a fire-blocking layer and an outer sheath from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three-layer co-extrusion layer comprises a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, the insulating layer is made of polypropylene insulating material, and the thickness ratio of the conductor shielding layer to the insulating shielding layer is 1:3-6:1-1.5. In the implementation, the three materials of the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are tightly combined together, meanwhile, secondary pollution of the insulating material is avoided, and the process quality of the product is ensured, wherein the PP insulating material is a thermoplastic material, cross-linking is not needed, a large amount of energy sources are saved, the environment is protected, the economy is better, and meanwhile, the cable is good in electrical property, and good in fireproof performance.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a fire-resistant medium-voltage cable, and especially relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly fire-resistant medium-voltage cable.
Background
In the prior art, along with the large number of constructions of high-rise buildings and personnel-intensive places, fire-resistant medium-voltage cables are greatly demanded, XLPE cables (crosslinked polyethylene cables) are conventionally adopted, but waste materials caused in the production process and a large amount of waste materials generated after the life is terminated are undegradable and unrepeatable, and a large amount of carbon emission pollution is caused by incineration treatment, so that the specific generated problems are as follows:
1. XLPE is crosslinked by electrically heated high temperature high pressure nitrogen protection, requiring a large amount of energy consumption.
2. And in the XLPE crosslinking process, crosslinking waste gas such as methane, dimethylbenzene, cumyl alcohol and the like and byproducts of low-molecular precipitated cooling water are generated, so that the environment is polluted.
3. XLPE is prone to water tree formation under the action of electric fields when the cable is in operation due to impurities, micropores and moisture present during crosslinking.
4. XLPE belongs to a thermoset material and the insulating material is not reusable after life termination.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for an improved fire-resistant medium voltage cable that meets the fire-resistant and fire-resistant requirements, while being environmentally friendly and safe and reducing the energy consumption in the production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an improved fire-resistant medium-voltage cable, which does not need high-temperature high-pressure nitrogen protection in the production process through structural improvement, reduces energy consumption, and has better electrical property and fire-resistant and fireproof properties.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present utility model is as follows: a fire resistant medium voltage cable, characterized in that: the fireproof medium-voltage cable comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapping the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer, a heat insulation layer, a fireproof layer, a fire-blocking layer and an outer sheath from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three-layer co-extrusion layer comprises a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, the insulating layer is made of polypropylene insulating material, and the thickness ratio of the conductor shielding layer to the insulating shielding layer is 1:3-6:1-1.5.
Preferably, the single-core structure adopts a single-core copper conductor, the heat insulation layer of the single-core structure is formed by wrapping an alkali-free glass belt, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.4-0.6mm, and graphene particles with the diameter of 200-400nm are arranged in the heat insulation layer.
Further, the three-core structure comprises three copper conductors, three co-extrusion layers and a metal shielding layer are sequentially wrapped outside each copper conductor to form wire cores, an alkali-free glass ribbon is wrapped after the three wire cores are cabled to form a heat insulation layer, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.4-0.6mm, graphene particles with the diameter of 200-400nm are arranged in the heat insulation layer, and alkali-free glass fiber yarns are filled among the three wire cores and between the wire cores and the heat insulation layer.
Further, the metal shielding layer is formed by overlapping and wrapping copper strips with the thickness of 0.1-0.12mm, shielding strips are embedded on the copper strips, the shielding strips are made of aluminum foils, and the thickness of the aluminum foils is 0.05-0.08mm.
Furthermore, the fireproof layer is made of ceramic polyolefin material and is extruded on the heat insulation layer, and the thickness of the fireproof layer is 2.4-4.5mm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model comprises a plurality of improvements in detail besides the improvement of the whole technical scheme, and particularly has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the improved scheme, the fireproof medium-voltage cable comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapping the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer, a heat insulation layer, a fireproof layer, a fire-blocking layer and an outer sheath from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three co-extrusion layers comprise a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, and the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are tightly combined together, so that secondary pollution of insulating materials is avoided, the process quality of a product is ensured, the PP insulating material is a thermoplastic material, crosslinking is not needed, a large amount of energy sources are saved, and the environment-friendly and economical effects are achieved;
2. In the technical scheme of the utility model, the heat insulation layer with the single-core structure is formed by wrapping an alkali-free glass belt; after the three-core structure is formed into a cable, an alkali-free glass ribbon is wrapped to form a heat insulation layer, and alkali-free glass fiber yarns are filled among the three wire cores and between the wire cores and the heat insulation layer; the alkali-free glass ribbon is environment-friendly and nontoxic, and has the advantages of high temperature resistance, fireproof performance and excellent heat insulation performance;
3. In the structure of the utility model, the fireproof layer is made of ceramic polyolefin material which is extruded on the heat insulation layer, the ceramic polyolefin can be self-extinguished and flame-retardant in horizontal combustion, the oxygen index is more than or equal to 35, the fireproof layer has good fire-insulating and heat-insulating effects, and the excellent flame resistance can also have good fireproof effect;
4. The utility model has reasonable structural layout, does not need a cross-linking production process in the production process, does not need high-temperature high-pressure nitrogen protection, can reduce a large amount of energy consumption, reduces the production cost, and is convenient for popularization and utilization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-core structure according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-core structure according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
1 conductor, 2 conductor shielding layer, 3 insulating layer, 4 insulating shielding layer, 5 metal shielding layer, 6 insulating layer, 7 flame retardant coating, 8 fire-proof layer, 9 oversheath, 10 alkali-free glass fiber yarn.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the utility model are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
The present utility model provides a fire resistant medium voltage cable, see in particular fig. 1, which differs from the prior art in that: the fireproof medium-voltage cable comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapping the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three layers of co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer 5, a heat insulation layer 6, a fireproof layer 7, a fire-blocking layer 8 and an outer sheath 9 from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three-layer co-extrusion layer comprises a conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating layer 3 and an insulating shielding layer 4, the insulating layer is made of polypropylene insulating material, and the thickness ratio of the conductor shielding layer to the insulating shielding layer is 1:3-6:1-1.5.
In the implementation, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer adopt a three-layer co-extrusion production mode, the conductor shielding material, the polypropylene (PP)) insulating material and the insulating shielding material are coated on the compressed conductor at one time, and an extrusion production process is adopted, so that the three layers of materials are tightly combined together, secondary pollution of the insulating material is avoided, and the process quality of the product is ensured.
The insulating layer adopts low-carbon environment-friendly material polypropylene (PP) as an insulating material, the PP material is a thermoplastic material, cross-linking is not needed, energy consumption is reduced, byproducts and old glue are not generated, long-time production can be realized, and the material can be recycled; meanwhile, due to the excellent insulating property of the PP material, the insulating thickness can be relatively reduced, so that the outer diameter of an insulating wire core is reduced, and the material consumption and the cost are reduced as a whole.
Example 1
The fireproof medium-voltage cable comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapping the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three layers of co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer 5, a heat insulation layer 6, a fireproof layer 7, a fire-blocking layer 8 and an outer sheath 9 from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three-layer co-extrusion layer comprises a conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating layer 3 and an insulating shielding layer 4, the insulating layer is made of polypropylene insulating material, and the conductor shielding layer and the insulating shielding layer are made of PP semi-conductive shielding material respectively.
In the implementation, a single-core structure or a three-core structure can be adopted, specifically, the single-core structure adopts a single-core copper conductor, a heat insulation layer of the single-core structure is formed by wrapping an alkali-free glass belt, the thickness is 0.4-0.6mm, and graphene particles with the diameter of 200-400nm are scattered in the heat insulation layer, so that the shielding effect can be improved. The three-core structure comprises three copper conductors, three co-extrusion layers and a metal shielding layer are sequentially wrapped outside each copper conductor to form wire cores, an alkali-free glass ribbon is wrapped after the three wire cores are cabled to form a heat insulation layer, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.4-0.6mm, a plurality of graphene particles with the diameters of 200-400nm are distributed in the heat insulation layer, at least 10-30 graphene particles are arranged in a cable with the length of 1cm generally, and alkali-free glass fiber yarns 10 are filled between the three wire cores and between the wire cores and the heat insulation layer.
Further, the metal shielding layer is formed by overlapping and wrapping copper strips with the thickness of 0.1-0.12mm, so that the electric field interference is shielded, the electric field is balanced, the insulating shielding layer (semi-conductive shielding) is ensured to be at the ground potential (neutral point), and the ground fault current can also pass through.
The fireproof layer is made of ceramic polyolefin material and is extruded on the heat insulating layer, and the thickness of the fireproof layer is 2.4-4.5mm. Properties of the ceramized polyolefin: the horizontal combustion can be self-quenched and not delayed, and the oxygen index is more than or equal to 35; under the conditions of flame at 350-1600 ℃ and no flame, the ceramic-shaped armor body is not melted, does not drip, does not fall off, does not cause secondary fire, can be sintered into a hard ceramic-shaped armor body, is harder when the temperature is higher and the time is longer, the residue is ceramic inorganic matters, the residue is more than 80%, and the ceramic-shaped armor body can form honeycomb ceramic micropores to have good fire and heat insulation effects and has good flame retardance and good fireproof effect.
The fire barrier layer is formed by wrapping 2 layers of ceramic mica tapes, the thickness of the ceramic mica tapes is 0.15-0.16mm, and the overlapping rate between the 2 layers of ceramic mica tapes is 23-28%. The fire barrier layer adopts a wrapped 2-layer ceramic mica tape, the thickness of the mica tape is 0.158mm, the thickness of the 2-layer ceramic mica tape is 0.316mm, and the overlapping is 25%. According to experimental data, the front 1100+100 ℃ and the back 451 ℃; the test was carried out for 5min at 705 ℃. Through the effective isolation of flame, the ceramic polyolefin inside can be ensured to be crusted without dripping at 350 ℃, thereby ensuring the fire-resistant requirement of the cable. The outer sheath is formed by extruding and packing flame-retardant polyethylene or low-smoke halogen-free sleeve material, and the thickness is 2-5mm.
The advantages of this embodiment are as follows:
Because the production process of crosslinking is not needed, the PP insulating low-carbon environment-friendly cable does not need high-temperature high-pressure nitrogen protection, and can reduce a large amount of energy consumption.
Compared with XLPE cable, the carbon emission in the production process of polypropylene cable is reduced by 20-40%.
2. Economy: reasonable in design's structure selects suitable high Performance Polypropylene (PP) insulating material and fire-resistant fire-proof material, has both satisfied the fire-resistant needs of cable, considers material selection, structural dimension, electrical property again, reaches the purpose of reduce cost simultaneously.
3. Environmental protection type: the PP material can be recycled, has no heavy metal, no toxicity or smell, and has no influence on human body and environment.
Example 2
The fireproof medium-voltage cable comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapping the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer, a heat insulation layer, a fireproof layer, a fire-blocking layer and an outer sheath from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three-layer co-extrusion layer comprises a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, the insulating layer is made of polypropylene insulating materials, the conductor shielding layer and the insulating shielding layer are made of PP semi-conductive shielding materials respectively, and the thickness ratio of the conductor shielding layer to the insulating shielding layer is 1:4:1.5.
Specifically, the conductor of the inner core adopts a round compressed copper conductor, the conductor structure is compact, the outer diameter of the compressed conductor is reduced by about 10% under the same sectional area of the conductor, and therefore the outer diameter of the product is reduced, and the installation and the laying are convenient.
The insulating layer is made of an environment-friendly modified polypropylene material formed by extrusion, and the insulating layer is denoted by PP. Compared with the traditional XLPE cable insulation material, the PP material is a non-toxic, odorless and tasteless milky high-crystallization polymer which is light in relative volume and mass (is one of the lightest varieties in all plastics at present), has good electrical performance and also has good heat resistance (the long-term running temperature of the cable is increased from 90 ℃ to 105 ℃). The PP material has higher mechanical strength without crosslinking treatment, is a typical thermoplastic material, can be recycled, meets the development requirement of environment-friendly cable insulation, and is a material with a more environment-friendly life cycle. It should be noted that, the polypropylene insulating material and the PP semiconductive shielding material are both in the prior art, and specific components and effects thereof are not described herein.
Meanwhile, because the PP insulating material has excellent electrical performance, the breakdown strength (20 ℃) is more than or equal to 35kV/mm, and the breakdown strength (20 ℃) of the XLPE insulating material is more than or equal to 25kV/mm, the insulation thickness of the PP insulating material can be smaller than that of the XLPE insulating material. Wherein, the insulation thickness of the 10kV medium voltage cable is 3.6mm, and the XLPE is 4.5mm; the insulation thickness of the 35kV medium voltage cable is 8.5mm, and the XLPE is 10.5mm. Thereby reducing the outer diameter of the cable, reducing the material consumption in the subsequent process and lowering the cost.
Since the PP insulation is a thermoplastic material, no crosslinking is required, and thus a large amount of electrical energy consumed by XLPE due to crosslinking, which requires electrical heating, is saved. And the product does not generate byproducts, micropores and impurities, so that the treatment cost of the byproducts and the cooling water is reduced. The collection and emission costs of VOC off-gas each year can be reduced. And the by-product treatment cost of the cooling water is reduced.
The inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, and for the single-core structure, the alkali-free glass ribbon is wrapped outside the metal shielding, and the thickness is 0.4-0.6 mm; for the three-core structure, the three cores are cabled after metal shielding, the alkali-free glass fiber yarns are filled in core gaps, the alkali-free glass fiber yarns are made of silicon dioxide, the alkali-free glass fiber yarns are made of an inorganic material which is very stable, the alkali-free glass fiber yarns are nontoxic and harmless, the heat-resistant temperature can reach over 660 ℃ or even higher, harmful smoke can not be generated after the alkali-free glass fiber yarns are heated, the cross section of each alkali-free glass fiber yarn is cylindrical, a good gap channel is formed between every two yarns after the cables are cabled, the channel can play a good role in heat dissipation, heat generated during normal operation of the cable can be dissipated through the gap channels between the alkali-free glass fiber yarns, heat conducted in during fire can be conducted through the channels, and other filling materials do not have the characteristics. Meanwhile, the wrapping thickness of the alkali-free glass fiber belt is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the glass fiber belt is environment-friendly and nontoxic, has high temperature resistance and fireproof performance and has excellent heat insulation performance.
The fire barrier layer is formed by wrapping 2 layers of ceramic mica tapes, the thickness of the ceramic mica tapes is 0.158mm, the thickness of the 2 layers of the ceramic mica tapes is 0.316mm, and the layers overlap by 25%. According to experimental data, the front 1100+100 ℃ and the back 451 ℃; the test was carried out for 5min at 705 ℃. Through the effective isolation of flame, the ceramic polyolefin inside can be ensured to be crusted without dripping at 350 ℃, thereby ensuring the fire-resistant requirement of the cable. The ceramic mica tape is an inorganic high-temperature resistant insulating material, is formed by coating a ceramic material on the surface of the mica tape, starts to decompose and crust under the flame of 150-300 ℃ during combustion, has the effects of heat insulation and low heat value after crust formation, and effectively passes through BS6387 and AS/NSZ3013 standards.
It should be further noted that the key point in the design of the cable of the present utility model is to achieve a very good temperature protection for the polypropylene (PP)) insulating layer, to protect the polypropylene (PP)) insulating layer from melting and softening under the conditions of loading 10KV and flame 950-1000 ℃ x 90min, and to transfer to the polypropylene (PP)) insulating layer below 135 ℃ after the test is finished, so that the polypropylene (PP)) insulating layer can be well protected. In addition to the important role played by the ceramic fire-resistant polyolefin, the structural design of the fire-resistant cable and other materials play a vital role in the temperature protection of the insulating layer, which cannot be ignored.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the utility model in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the utility model be limited to the specific embodiments described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (4)
1. A fire resistant medium voltage cable, characterized in that: the fireproof medium-voltage cable comprises an inner core and an outer layer wrapping the inner core, wherein the outer layer comprises three co-extrusion layers, a metal shielding layer, a heat insulation layer, a fireproof layer, a fire-blocking layer and an outer sheath from inside to outside in sequence; the inner core is of a single-core structure or a three-core structure, the three-layer co-extrusion layer comprises a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, the insulating layer is made of polypropylene insulating material, and the thickness ratio of the conductor shielding layer to the insulating shielding layer is 1:3-6:1-1.5;
The single-core structure adopts a single-core copper conductor, the heat insulation layer of the single-core structure is formed by wrapping an alkali-free glass belt, the thickness is 0.4-0.6mm, and graphene particles with the diameter of 200-400nm are arranged in the heat insulation layer;
The three-core structure comprises three copper conductors, wherein three co-extrusion layers and a metal shielding layer are sequentially wrapped outside each copper conductor to form wire cores, an alkali-free glass ribbon is wrapped after the three wire cores are cabled to form a heat insulation layer, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.4-0.6mm, graphene particles with the diameter of 200-400nm are arranged in the heat insulation layer, at least 10-30 graphene particles are arranged in a cable with the length of 1cm, and alkali-free glass fiber yarns are filled between the three wire cores and between the wire cores and the heat insulation layer;
The fire barrier layer is formed by wrapping 2 layers of ceramic mica tapes, the thickness of the ceramic mica tapes is 0.158mm, the thickness of the 2 layers of ceramic mica tapes is 0.316mm, and the overlapping rate of the overlapping covers between the 2 layers of ceramic mica tapes is 25%.
2. A fire resistant medium voltage cable according to claim 1 wherein: the metal shielding layer is formed by overlapping and wrapping copper strips with the thickness of 0.1-0.12mm, shielding strips are embedded on the copper strips, the shielding strips are made of aluminum foils, and the thickness of the aluminum foils is 0.05-0.08mm.
3. A fire resistant medium voltage cable according to claim 1 wherein: the fireproof layer is made of ceramic polyolefin material and is extruded on the heat insulating layer, and the thickness of the fireproof layer is 2.4-4.5mm.
4. A fire resistant medium voltage cable according to claim 1 wherein: the outer sheath is formed by extruding and packing flame-retardant polyethylene or low-smoke halogen-free sleeve material, and the thickness is 2-5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321597636.XU CN221225872U (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Fire-resistant medium voltage cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321597636.XU CN221225872U (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Fire-resistant medium voltage cable |
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