CN221225179U - Multi-virtual-image-surface head-up display device and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes and a vehicle, wherein the head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes comprises: a first diffraction waveguide module, a second diffraction waveguide module, an optical machine module, a phase element, and a reflection unit; the first diffraction waveguide module comprises a first diffraction waveguide plate, and the second diffraction waveguide module comprises a second diffraction waveguide plate; the first diffraction waveguide plate and the second diffraction waveguide plate comprise an incoupling region and an outcoupling region; the optical machine module comprises a first optical machine and a second optical machine; the phase element is arranged in the outcoupling region of the second diffraction waveguide plate; the first image emitted by the first optical machine is coupled in and coupled out through the first diffraction waveguide plate and transmitted to the first position of the reflection unit; the second image emitted by the second optical machine is coupled out from the second diffraction waveguide plate and transmitted to the second position of the reflection unit through the phase element; the second image emitted by the second optical machine is projected at a different position from the first image emitted by the first optical machine through the phase element, so as to reduce the volume of the head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes.

Description

Multiple virtual image plane head-up display device and vehicle

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of optical display technology, and in particular to a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes and a vehicle.

Background technique

Head-up display, also known as head-up display system, can virtually superimpose various driving information on the real road scene, so that the driver can see key data without turning or lowering his head, so that the driver can always keep his head up and avoid safety hazards caused by switching his eyes. Head-up display can improve the driver's posture perception ability, reduce reaction time, and reduce the risk of vehicle collision.

With the development of head-up devices, a single virtual image distance has become insufficient, and cars increasingly need head-up display devices with at least two virtual image viewing distances. A virtual image with a longer viewing distance can provide navigation, alarms and other image information that needs to be integrated with road scenes and driving scenes, while a virtual image with a shorter viewing distance can provide basic image information such as speed, fuel consumption, and mileage. As optical performance improves, the size of the head-up display device also increases.

Utility Model Content

The present application provides a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes and a vehicle to solve the problem that a head-up display device with multiple different virtual image distances is relatively large in size.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes, comprising: a first diffraction waveguide module, a second diffraction waveguide module, an optical machine module, a phase element, and a reflection unit; the first diffraction waveguide module comprises at least one first diffraction waveguide plate; the second diffraction waveguide module comprises at least one second diffraction waveguide plate; the first diffraction waveguide plate and the second diffraction waveguide plate comprise a coupling-in region and a coupling-out region; the optical machine module comprises a first optical machine and a second optical machine; the phase element is arranged in the coupling-out region of the second diffraction waveguide plate; the light corresponding to the first image emitted by the first optical machine is coupled-in and coupled-out through the first diffraction waveguide plate and transmitted to the first position of the reflection unit; the light corresponding to the second image emitted by the second optical machine is coupled-in and coupled-out through the second diffraction waveguide plate, and the light corresponding to the second image is coupled-out from the second diffraction waveguide plate and then transmitted to the second position of the reflection unit through the phase element.

Optionally, the light corresponding to the first image enters the human eye after being reflected by the reflecting unit, and the human eye can observe a first virtual image at a first viewing distance along the reverse extension line of the reflection route. The light corresponding to the second image enters the human eye after being reflected by the reflecting unit, and the human eye can observe a second virtual image at a second viewing distance along the reverse extension line of the reflection route. The first viewing distance is farther than the second viewing distance.

Optionally, the first position is located at a height of the reflecting unit that is greater than the second position is located at a height of the reflecting unit.

Optionally, the phase element is a Fresnel lens or an optical lens; the phase element is used to change the focusing position of the light corresponding to the second image coupled out by the second diffraction waveguide.

Optionally, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are periodic nano-grating structures.

Optionally, the first diffraction waveguide module and/or the second diffraction waveguide module includes three diffraction waveguide plates arranged in parallel.

Optionally, the reflecting unit is a windshield.

Optionally, the present application provides a vehicle, comprising the multi-virtual image plane head-up display device provided in the first aspect above.

As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present application provides a head-up display device with multiple virtual images and a vehicle, wherein the head-up display device with multiple virtual images comprises: a first diffraction waveguide module, a second diffraction waveguide module, an optical machine module, a phase element, and a reflection unit; the first diffraction waveguide module comprises at least one first diffraction waveguide plate; the second diffraction waveguide module comprises at least one second diffraction waveguide plate; the first diffraction waveguide plate and the second diffraction waveguide plate comprise an incoupling region and an outcoupling region; the optical machine module comprises a first optical machine and a second optical machine; the phase element is arranged in the outcoupling region of the second diffraction waveguide plate; the light corresponding to the first image emitted by the first optical machine is coupled in and coupled out through the first diffraction waveguide plate and transmitted to the first position of the reflection unit; the light corresponding to the second image emitted by the second optical machine is coupled in and coupled out through the second diffraction waveguide plate, and the light corresponding to the second image is coupled out from the second diffraction waveguide plate and then enters the phase element and then transmitted to the second position of the reflection unit. The phase element makes the second image emitted by the second optical machine projected at a different position from the first image emitted by the first optical machine.

The scheme of the head-up display design and device with multiple virtual image planes, one group of which can achieve infinite virtual image viewing distance, is small in overall size and simple in design compared to the existing method, which increases the practicality of the enhanced head-up display system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of a first diffractive waveguide module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of light transmission of a second diffractive waveguide module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing a first diffraction waveguide module according to an embodiment of the present application to realize a remote virtual image plane;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing a second diffractive waveguide module according to an embodiment of the present application that realizes a near-virtual image plane;

FIG. 6 is a ray tracing diagram of a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

Among them, 11-first diffraction waveguide module; 12-second diffraction waveguide module; 21-first optical machine; 22-second optical machine; 3-phase element; 4-reflection unit.

Detailed ways

The following embodiments are described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. They are only examples of systems and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the claims.

Head-up display devices, also known as head-up display systems, virtually superimpose various types of driving information on the actual road conditions, so that drivers can see key data without turning or lowering their heads, allowing drivers to always keep their heads up and avoid safety hazards caused by switching their eyes. Head-up display devices can improve the driver's posture perception ability, reduce reaction time, and reduce the risk of vehicle collision. With the development of head-up devices, a single virtual image distance has become insufficient, and cars are increasingly in need of head-up display devices with at least two virtual image viewing distances. Virtual images with longer viewing distances can provide navigation, alarms, and other image information that needs to be integrated with road scenes and driving scenes, while virtual images with shorter viewing distances can provide basic image information such as speed, fuel consumption, and mileage. As optical performance improves, the size of head-up display devices also increases.

In order to solve the problem of large volume of a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes, referring to FIG1 , some embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes, comprising: a first diffraction waveguide module 11, a second diffraction waveguide module 12, an optical machine module, a phase element 3, and a reflection unit 4; the first diffraction waveguide module 11 comprises at least one first diffraction waveguide plate; the second diffraction waveguide module 12 comprises at least one second diffraction waveguide plate; the first diffraction waveguide plate and the second diffraction waveguide plate comprise a coupling-in region and a coupling-out region; the optical machine module comprises a first optical machine 21 and a second optical machine 22; the phase element 3 is arranged in the coupling-out region of the second diffraction waveguide plate; the light corresponding to the first image emitted by the first optical machine 21 is coupled in and coupled out through the first diffraction waveguide plate and transmitted to the first position of the reflection unit 4; the light corresponding to the second image emitted by the second optical machine 22 is coupled in and coupled out through the second diffraction waveguide plate, and the light corresponding to the second image is coupled out of the second diffraction waveguide plate and then transmitted to the second position of the reflection unit 4 through the phase element 3.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first optical machine 21 in the first diffraction waveguide module 11 emits light corresponding to the image information required for the first image, which is coupled and diffracted by the first diffraction waveguide module 11, and the outgoing light is reflected to the human eye by the reflection unit 4, and the human eye can observe the first image at infinity or nearly infinity along the reverse extension line. The second optical machine 22 in the second diffraction band module emits light corresponding to the image information required for the second image, which is coupled and diffracted by the second diffraction band module, and the outgoing light changes the light focusing position through the phase element 3, and is reflected to the human eye by the reflection unit 4, and the human eye can observe the second image at a set viewing distance along the reverse extension line.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first image realization principle of the first diffractive waveguide module 11. The first image light beam is parallel or approximately parallel light after the outcoupling area. The first image light beam is traced back along the light beam. The first image light beam is imaged at infinity or approximately infinity. The human eye observes a clear image at infinity or approximately infinity. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second image realization principle of the second diffractive waveguide module 12. The second image light beam is parallel or approximately parallel light after the outcoupling area. After being converged or diverged by the phase element 3, the second image light beam is traced back along the light beam. The second image light beam is imaged at the set focal length. The human eye observes the second image at the set viewing distance.

In actual use scenarios, the first image has a longer viewing distance, and the multi-virtual image plane head-up display device can provide image information such as navigation and alarm that needs to be integrated with the road scene and driving scene. The second image plane virtual image has a shorter viewing distance, and the multi-virtual image plane head-up display device can provide basic image information such as speed, fuel consumption, and mileage. By setting two sets of diffraction band modules, different images can be generated at two locations.

The first diffraction waveguide module 11 includes at least one first diffraction waveguide plate, and the second diffraction waveguide module 12 includes at least one second diffraction waveguide plate. For example, when the first diffraction waveguide module 11 is composed of three diffraction waveguide plates, each diffraction waveguide plate modulates red, green and blue single band light respectively. When the second diffraction waveguide module 12 is composed of two diffraction waveguide plates, one situation is that one diffraction waveguide plate modulates two waveguide lights (such as red and green band light), and the other diffraction waveguide plate modulates another band light (such as blue light band light). Another situation is that one diffraction waveguide plate modulates two waveguide lights (such as red and green band light), and the other diffraction waveguide plate modulates two waveguide lights (such as green and blue band light). When the first diffraction band module and the second diffraction waveguide module 12 are composed of one diffraction band plate, one diffraction waveguide plate modulates three band lights of red, green and blue.

The first diffraction waveguide module 11 and the second diffraction waveguide module 12 also have the function of collimating and expanding the pupil of the received light beam. After the light beam enters the coupling-in area, it is totally reflected and conducted in the diffraction waveguide plate. When it is conducted to the coupling-out area, the light is coupled out from the coupling-out area. The first diffraction waveguide module 11 couples the light corresponding to the first image emitted by the first optical machine 21 from the coupling-out area and projects it onto the reflection unit 4, and then reflects it to the human eye to see the first image. The second diffraction waveguide module 12 can project the light corresponding to the second image emitted by the second optical machine 22 onto the reflection unit 4 through the phase element 3. Then it is reflected to the human eye to see the second image. The first image is the image directly projected from the coupling-out area to the reflection unit 4, and the second image is the image projected to the reflection unit 4 through the phase element 3. The viewing distances of these two images are different, and the viewing distance of the first image is farther than that of the second image.

The first diffraction waveguide module 11 and the second diffraction waveguide module 12 can enable the optical machine to transmit the received image light beam to the reflective unit 4 with high efficiency and accuracy. The viewing distance of the first image and the second image can be optimized through the diffraction waveguide module and the phase element 3 to meet the needs of different application scenarios. In addition, since the diffraction waveguide has the function of collimating and focusing the light beam, it also helps to improve the image quality of the reflective unit 4.

The design and manufacture of diffractive waveguide modules require high optical and mechanical skills. First, the production of diffractive waveguides requires precise nano-scale processing technology to ensure that the light beams can be correctly diffracted and coupled. Second, the assembly and commissioning of the entire diffractive waveguide module also requires high professional skills and precision equipment.

In some embodiments, the height of the first position at the reflection unit 4 is greater than the height of the second position at the reflection unit 4. As shown in FIG6 , the position of the first image emitted from the first diffractive waveguide module 11 projected on the reflection unit 4 is higher than the position of the second image emitted from the second diffractive waveguide module 12 projected on the reflection unit 4. After being reflected to the human eye by the reflection unit 4, the height of the first position is greater than the height of the second position, so that the human eye can see the separated first image and second image at the same position. It can be understood that when more virtual image surfaces are needed, diffractive waveguide modules can be added.

In some embodiments, the phase element 3 is a Fresnel lens or an optical lens; the phase element 3 is used to change the focal position of the light corresponding to the second image coupled out by the second diffraction waveguide. For example, a composite lens composed of multiple Fresnel lenses or optical lenses. This composite lens can have a more sophisticated optical control performance and can achieve more accurate divergence or convergence of the second image. The phase element 3 can also use other types of optical elements, such as a beam deflector, a beam splitter, a beam focuser, etc. These optical elements can be used to change the propagation direction, beam splitting, focusing, etc. of the light beam, so as to achieve the control of the reflection unit 4 to generate the second image. Regardless of the type of phase element 3 used, its core function is to control the second image so that the reflection unit 4 can generate the second image. This control can include changing the propagation direction of the light beam, the shape of the light beam, the intensity of the light beam, etc., to achieve the control of the parameters such as the shape, size, brightness, etc. of the generated second image.

In some embodiments, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are periodic nano-grating structures. The periodic grating structure includes a plurality of mutually parallel slits, each of which has the same width, and the plurality of slits are arranged at the same spacing. By coupling the first image beam and/or the second image into the periodic grating structure, the first image beam and/or the second image can be coupled into the periodic grating structure, and the energy distribution of the coupling can be controlled by controlling the width and spacing of the slits.

In some embodiments, the periodic grating structure can be made of a material with high reflectivity and low absorption, such as a metal or dielectric film layer. In addition, the wavelength and direction of the coupled energy distribution can be controlled by controlling the width and spacing of the slits. For example, the intensity of the image beam at certain wavelengths can be increased or the directional distribution of the image beam can be changed by reducing the width of the slits or increasing the spacing of the slits.

In some embodiments, the first diffractive waveguide module 11 and/or the second diffractive waveguide module 12 includes three diffractive waveguide plates arranged in parallel. The three diffractive waveguide plates are arranged in parallel so that the first image can achieve a color augmented reality display effect when passing through the diffractive waveguide plates.

In other embodiments, when the first diffraction waveguide module 11 and/or the second diffraction waveguide module 12 includes only one diffraction waveguide plate to achieve a color display effect, the coupling-in area and the coupling-out area include a plurality of structural unit pixels, each structural unit pixel includes at least three structural sub-unit pixels, and each structural sub-unit pixel corresponds to coupling different primary color image light information, thereby achieving color display.

In some embodiments, the reflection unit 4 is a windshield. The first image and/or the second image projected by the first diffractive waveguide module 11 and/or the second diffractive waveguide module 12 on the windshield is reflected to the human eye at a certain reflection angle, and the human eye can see the image at a certain projection distance through the windshield.

In some embodiments, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including a multi-virtual image plane head-up display device provided by the above embodiment. The multi-virtual image plane head-up display device can project important vehicle information (such as speed, navigation, phone, etc.) into the driver's field of view without interfering with the driver's attention to road conditions. At the same time, since this information is a virtual image, it will not distract the driver's attention, thereby reducing the risk of accidents. In addition, by projecting the vehicle information directly into the driver's field of view, the driver does not need to look down at the dashboard or central control screen, thereby saving time and improving driving efficiency. The multi-virtual image plane head-up display device can adapt to different environments and lighting conditions to ensure that the driver can see the information clearly in any situation. In addition, since there is no need to look down at the dashboard or central control screen for a long time, the driver's neck fatigue will also be reduced.

It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present application provides a multi-virtual image head-up display device and a vehicle, and the multi-virtual image head-up display device includes: a first diffraction waveguide module 11, a second diffraction waveguide module 12, an optical machine module, a phase element 3, and a reflection unit 4; the first diffraction waveguide module 11 includes at least one first diffraction waveguide plate; the second diffraction waveguide module 12 includes at least one second diffraction waveguide plate; the first diffraction waveguide plate and the second diffraction waveguide plate include a coupling-in area and a coupling-out area; the optical machine module includes a first optical machine 21 and a second optical machine 22; the phase element 3 is arranged in the coupling-out area of the second diffraction waveguide plate; the light corresponding to the first image emitted by the first optical machine 21 is coupled in and coupled out through the first diffraction waveguide plate and transmitted to the first position of the reflection unit 4; the light corresponding to the second image emitted by the second optical machine 22 is coupled in and coupled out through the second diffraction waveguide plate, and the light corresponding to the second image is coupled out of the second diffraction waveguide plate and then transmitted to the second position of the reflection unit 4 through the phase element 3. The second image emitted by the second optical machine 22 is projected at a different position from the first image emitted by the first optical machine 21 through the phase element 3. The head-up display design and device with multiple virtual image planes of this solution, one of which can achieve an infinite virtual image viewing distance, is small in size and simple in design compared to the existing method, which increases the practicality of the head-up display system.

Similar parts between the embodiments provided in this application can be referenced to each other. The specific implementation methods provided above are only a few examples under the general concept of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. For those skilled in the art, any other implementation methods expanded based on the scheme of this application without creative work belong to the protection scope of this application.

Claims (8)

1. A head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes, characterized in that it comprises: a first diffraction waveguide module, a second diffraction waveguide module, an optical machine module, a phase element, and a reflection unit; the first diffraction waveguide module comprises at least one first diffraction waveguide plate; the second diffraction waveguide module comprises at least one second diffraction waveguide plate; the first diffraction waveguide plate and the second diffraction waveguide plate comprise a coupling-in region and a coupling-out region; the optical machine module comprises a first optical machine and a second optical machine; the phase element is arranged in the coupling-out region of the second diffraction waveguide plate; the light corresponding to the first image emitted by the first optical machine is coupled in and coupled out through the first diffraction waveguide plate and is transmitted to the first position of the reflection unit; the light corresponding to the second image emitted by the second optical machine is coupled in and coupled out through the second diffraction waveguide plate, and the light corresponding to the second image is coupled out from the second diffraction waveguide plate and then transmitted to the second position of the reflection unit through the phase element. 2. The head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes according to claim 1 is characterized in that the light corresponding to the first image enters the human eye after being reflected by the reflection unit, and the human eye can observe the first virtual image at a first viewing distance along the reverse extension line of the reflection route, and the light corresponding to the second image enters the human eye after being reflected by the reflection unit, and the human eye can observe the second virtual image at a second viewing distance along the reverse extension line of the reflection route, and the first viewing distance is farther than the second viewing distance. 3 . The head-up display device with multiple virtual image planes according to claim 1 , wherein the height of the first position located at the reflection unit is greater than the height of the second position located at the reflection unit. 4. The multi-virtual image plane head-up display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase element is a Fresnel lens or an optical lens; the phase element is used to change the focusing position of the light corresponding to the second image coupled out by the second diffraction waveguide. 5 . The multi-virtual image plane head-up display device according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are periodic nano-grating structures. 6. The multi-virtual image plane head-up display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first diffraction waveguide module and/or the second diffraction waveguide module comprises three diffraction waveguide plates arranged in parallel. 7 . The multiple virtual image plane head-up display device according to claim 1 , wherein the reflection unit is a windshield. 8. A vehicle, characterized by comprising the multi-virtual image plane head-up display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.