CN221053747U - Vertical evacuation structure of deep underground space - Google Patents
Vertical evacuation structure of deep underground space Download PDFInfo
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- CN221053747U CN221053747U CN202323268474.8U CN202323268474U CN221053747U CN 221053747 U CN221053747 U CN 221053747U CN 202323268474 U CN202323268474 U CN 202323268474U CN 221053747 U CN221053747 U CN 221053747U
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a vertical evacuation structure of a deep underground space, which relates to the field of building safety and comprises a chamber (100), a horizontal evacuation channel (200), a vertical evacuation body (300) and a vertical evacuation structure, wherein the vertical evacuation structure comprises a first vertical evacuation structure (10), a second vertical evacuation structure (20) and a third vertical evacuation structure (30), the first vertical evacuation structure (10) is arranged in the vertical evacuation body (300), the second vertical evacuation structure (20) is arranged in the horizontal evacuation channel (200), and the third vertical evacuation structure (30) is arranged in the chamber (100). According to the vertical evacuation structure, the vertical facilities at different positions of the deep underground space are arranged in a grading mode, so that the smoothness, safety and integrity of evacuation of the deep underground space are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of deep underground space, in particular to a vertical evacuation structure of a deep underground space.
Background
In recent years, with the increase of urban population and the prominence of urban development problems such as traffic jam, environmental pollution and the like, the development of urban underground space has become a relatively feasible and effective method for solving urban problems. The development and utilization of underground space in modern cities have been advanced to integration, layering and deep layer. The functions of underground space and above-ground space are increasingly unified, and the functions of underground traffic, underground public service, underground municipal administration, underground civil air defense, underground industry and storage are mainly realized.
However, the congenital structure of the underground building determines the problems of lack of natural ventilation and lighting, lack of direct connection with the external ground, insufficient smoke prevention and discharge capability and the like, and brings great challenges to safe evacuation; the underground public space has large population flow and high personnel density, has serious potential safety hazards, and is highly likely to cause huge loss once emergency accidents such as fire disaster, terrorist attack and the like occur. Different from ground evacuation, the deep underground space consists of a chamber, a horizontal evacuation channel and a vertical evacuation body (the chamber is a horizontal tunnel which is free of a through ground outlet, large in cross section size and short in length and is generally an active space of underground personnel, the vertical evacuation channel is a vertical evacuation structure of the deep underground space reaching the ground and is formed by reconstruction of a channel reserved by excavation of a deep vertical shaft, and the horizontal evacuation channel is formed by excavation of a shield machine, wherein the horizontal channel is connected between the chamber and the vertical evacuation channel and between the chamber and the chamber in the deep underground space and has the characteristics of long evacuation path, limited outlet, smaller fireproof partition area, easy congestion caused by fatigue, easy panic in underground environment, lack of natural lighting guide and the like.
In the whole deep underground evacuation process, due to the limitation of various factors such as cost, construction mode and the like, all underground vertical evacuation facilities cannot be communicated with the ground, namely, the vertical evacuation facilities have the characteristics of few exits, long evacuation time, high difficulty, high risk, large fatigue influence and the like, so that the vertical evacuation becomes a key link of deep underground evacuation. However, because the number of people to be evacuated, the population density and the fatigue degree of the people are different (for example, the number of people to be evacuated in the chamber is less, the population density is low, the people do not have more fatigue, the number of people to be evacuated in the horizontal evacuation channel is more, the population density is higher, the people start to be tired, the number of people to be evacuated in the vertical dispersion up to the ground is more, the population density is high, the people feel tired) the current vertical evacuation facilities are of the same structure, the fatigue degree and the population density in the evacuation process of different people are not adaptively set, the problems of crowding evacuation nodes, blockage of evacuation channels and the like are easily caused, the normal evacuation of people is further hindered, the evacuation speed is influenced, and even safety accidents occur.
Disclosure of utility model
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a vertical evacuation structure of a deep underground space, which ensures the smoothness, safety and integrity of evacuation of the deep underground space by classifying vertical facilities at different positions of the deep underground space so as to solve the problems of crowding evacuation nodes, blocking evacuation roads, easy occurrence of safety accidents and the like existing in the deep underground space in the prior art.
The aim of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The vertical evacuation structure comprises a first vertical evacuation structure, a second vertical evacuation structure and a third vertical evacuation structure, wherein the first vertical evacuation structure is arranged in the vertical evacuation body and comprises stairs, an escalator and an elevator; the second vertical evacuation structure is arranged in the horizontal evacuation channel and used for realizing up-down evacuation between the horizontal evacuation channels in the deep underground space, and any form of stairs, or escalator, or combination of stairs and elevators is adopted; the third vertical evacuation structure is arranged in the chamber and realizes up-down evacuation in the chamber, and any form of stairs or any form of combination of stairs and elevators is adopted.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the width of the stairs is 1.8-2.2 m; the width of the escalator is 1-1.2 m, and the running speed of the escalator is 0.65m/s.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the elevator speed is any one of 2.5m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s, 5m/s and 6m/s, and the elevator structure is a conventional structure of a deep underground space.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the number ratio of the stairs to the escalator in the first vertical evacuation structure is 1:1-1:2, and the number of the elevators is not less than two.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the first vertical evacuation structure further comprises at least two firefighting elevators for firefighters to rescue.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the distance between two adjacent second vertical evacuation structures in the horizontal evacuation channel is 80m.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the number of the stairs in the third vertical evacuation structure is not less than two, and the distance between the stairs is less than 40m.
The following technical effects are provided by the utility model:
The application aims at different crowd densities and personnel fatigue degrees in the deep underground space point evacuation process, and performs grading arrangement of different vertical structures, namely the arrangement of a first vertical evacuation structure, a second vertical evacuation structure and a third vertical evacuation structure, so that the problem that evacuated personnel cannot enter a vertical dispersion body in length due to too many evacuated personnel and too high density in a cross node or a vertical evacuation body in the deep underground space evacuation process is effectively avoided, and the deep underground space evacuation with high efficiency, high fluency and high safety is ensured, and the safety problems caused by crowding, road blocking and the like in the evacuation process are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a deep underground space according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first vertical evacuation structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second vertical evacuation structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model; fig. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a second vertical evacuation structure in which only stairs are provided, and fig. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of a second vertical evacuation structure in which a combination of stairs and elevators are provided.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third vertical evacuation structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
100 Parts of a chamber; 200. a horizontal evacuation channel; 300. vertical dispersion; 10. a first vertical evacuation structure; 20. a second vertical evacuation structure; 30. a third vertical evacuation structure; 101. stairs; 102. an escalator; 103. an elevator; 104. fire elevator.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments.
Example 1:
Reference is made to the following figures: aiming at a deep underground space of underground 30m, a vertical evacuation structure of the deep underground space comprises a chamber 100, a horizontal evacuation channel 200, a vertical dispersion 300 and a vertical evacuation structure, in this embodiment, the excavation size of the chamber 100 is as follows: five layers are generally arranged with the width of 20m and the length of 40m, and the topmost layer is an equipment layer; the horizontal evacuation channels 200 are crisscrossed channels which connect the chambers 100 with the vertical dispersion bodies 300; three vertical dispersions 300 are provided in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1.
The vertical evacuation structure includes a first vertical evacuation structure 10, a second vertical evacuation structure 20, and a third vertical evacuation structure 30, where the first vertical evacuation structure 10 is disposed in a vertical dispersion 300, and includes four stairways 101, four escalator 102, two elevators 103, and two firefighting elevators 104, as shown in fig. 2. The second vertical evacuation structure 20 is arranged in the horizontal evacuation channel 200 to realize up-down evacuation between the horizontal evacuation channels 200 in the deep underground space, any form of the stairs 101, or the escalator 102, or the combination of the stairs 101 and the elevators 103 is adopted, the structural form of the second vertical evacuation structure 20 is determined according to the connection condition of the corresponding horizontal evacuation channel 200 and the chamber 100 (see the figure 3. If the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is connected with one side chamber 100 as shown in the figure 3 (a), namely, the evacuation personnel of the horizontal evacuation channel 200 are less, the second vertical evacuation structure 20 corresponding to the horizontal evacuation channel 200 only comprises the stairs 101 or the escalator 102, and if the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is connected with the two side chambers 100 as shown in the figure 3 (b), namely, the evacuation personnel of the horizontal evacuation channel 20 are more, the second vertical evacuation structure 20 corresponding to the horizontal evacuation channel 200 adopts the form of the combination of the stairs 101 and the elevators 103; the distance between two adjacent second vertical evacuation structures 20 in the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is 80m. The third vertical evacuation structure 30 is arranged in the chamber 100 to realize up-down evacuation in the chamber 100, any form of the stair 101 or the combination of the stair 101 and the elevator 103 is adopted, and the structural form of the third vertical evacuation structure 30 is determined according to the capacity of the chamber 100 and the design cost (for example, if the capacity of the chamber 100 is smaller, the third vertical evacuation structure 30 form of the stair 101 is arranged, and if the capacity of the chamber 100 is large and the number of people potentially unfavorable for movement is large, such as old people, young children or disabled people are more, the third vertical evacuation structure 30 form of the combination of the stair 101 and the elevator 103 is arranged); the number of stairs 101 in the third vertical evacuation structure 30 is not less than two and the spacing between the stairs 101 is less than 40m, as shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the width of the stairs 101 is 1.8-2.2 m (preferably 2m, and the width of the stairs is 0.27m, and the height of the stairs is 0.165 m); the width of the escalator 102 is 1-1.2 m (preferably 1 m), and the running speed of the escalator 102 is 0.65m/s; the speed of the elevator 103 is any one of 2.5m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s, 5m/s and 6m/s (preferably 2.5 m/s), the speed of the fire elevator 104 is also 2.5m/s, and the elevator 103 and the fire elevator 104 are all in a conventional structure of deep underground space (as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the application is not excessively discussed).
Example 2:
Reference is made to the following figures: aiming at a deep underground space of 50m underground, a vertical evacuation structure of the deep underground space comprises a chamber 100, a horizontal evacuation channel 200, a vertical dispersion 300 and a vertical evacuation structure, in this embodiment, the excavation size of the chamber 100 is as follows: five layers are generally arranged with the width of 20m and the length of 40m, and the topmost layer is an equipment layer; the horizontal evacuation channels 200 are crisscrossed channels which connect the chambers 100 with the vertical dispersion bodies 300; three vertical dispersions 300 are provided in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1.
The vertical evacuation structure comprises a first vertical evacuation structure 10, a second vertical evacuation structure 20 and a third vertical evacuation structure 30, wherein the first vertical evacuation structure 10 is arranged in a vertical dispersion 300 and comprises four stairs 101, six escalator 102, two elevators 103 and two firefighting elevators 104. The second vertical evacuation structure 20 is arranged in the horizontal evacuation channel 200 to realize up-down evacuation between the horizontal evacuation channels 200 in the deep underground space, any form of the stairs 101, or the escalator 102, or the combination of the stairs 101 and the elevators 103 is adopted, the structural form of the second vertical evacuation structure 20 is determined according to the connection condition of the corresponding horizontal evacuation channel 200 and the chamber 100 (see the figure 3. If the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is connected with one side chamber 100 as shown in the figure 3 (a), namely, the evacuation personnel of the horizontal evacuation channel 200 are less, the second vertical evacuation structure 20 corresponding to the horizontal evacuation channel 200 only comprises the stairs 101 or the escalator 102, and if the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is connected with the two side chambers 100 as shown in the figure 3 (b), namely, the evacuation personnel of the horizontal evacuation channel 20 are more, the second vertical evacuation structure 20 corresponding to the horizontal evacuation channel 200 adopts the form of the combination of the stairs 101 and the elevators 103; the distance between two adjacent second vertical evacuation structures 20 in the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is 80m. The third vertical evacuation structure 30 is arranged in the chamber 100 to realize up-down evacuation in the chamber 100, any form of the stair 101 or the combination of the stair 101 and the elevator 103 is adopted, and the structural form of the third vertical evacuation structure 30 is determined according to the capacity of the chamber 100 and the design cost (for example, if the capacity of the chamber 100 is smaller, the third vertical evacuation structure 30 form of the stair 101 is arranged, and if the capacity of the chamber 100 is large and the number of people potentially unfavorable for movement is large, such as old people, young children or disabled people are more, the third vertical evacuation structure 30 form of the combination of the stair 101 and the elevator 103 is arranged); the number of stairs 101 in the third vertical evacuation structure 30 is not less than two and the spacing between the stairs 101 is less than 40m, as shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the width of the stairs 101 is 1.8-2.2 m (preferably 2m, and the width of the stairs is 0.27m, and the height of the stairs is 0.165 m); the width of the escalator 102 is 1-1.2 m (preferably 1 m), and the running speed of the escalator 102 is 0.65m/s; the speed of the elevator 103 is any one of 2.5m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s, 5m/s and 6m/s (preferably 2.5 m/s), the speed of the fire elevator 104 is also 2.5m/s, and the elevator 103 and the fire elevator 104 are all in a conventional structure of deep underground space (as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the application is not excessively discussed).
Example 3:
Reference is made to the following figures: aiming at a deep underground space of underground 100m, a vertical evacuation structure of the deep underground space comprises a chamber 100, a horizontal evacuation channel 200, a vertical dispersion 300 and a vertical evacuation structure, in this embodiment, the excavation size of the chamber 100 is as follows: five layers are generally arranged with the width of 20m and the length of 40m, and the topmost layer is an equipment layer; the horizontal evacuation channels 200 are crisscrossed channels which connect the chambers 100 with the vertical dispersion bodies 300; three vertical dispersions 300 are provided in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1.
The vertical evacuation structure includes a first vertical evacuation structure 10, a second vertical evacuation structure 20, and a third vertical evacuation structure 30, where the first vertical evacuation structure 10 is disposed in a vertical dispersion 300, and includes four stairs 101, six escalator 102, six elevator 103, and two firefighting elevator 104, as shown in fig. 2. The second vertical evacuation structure 20 is arranged in the horizontal evacuation channel 200 to realize up-down evacuation between the horizontal evacuation channels 200 in the deep underground space, any form of the stairs 101, or the escalator 102, or the combination of the stairs 101 and the elevators 103 is adopted, the structural form of the second vertical evacuation structure 20 is determined according to the connection condition of the corresponding horizontal evacuation channel 200 and the chamber 100 (see the figure 3. If the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is connected with one side chamber 100 as shown in the figure 3 (a), namely, the evacuation personnel of the horizontal evacuation channel 200 are less, the second vertical evacuation structure 20 corresponding to the horizontal evacuation channel 200 only comprises the stairs 101 or the escalator 102, and if the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is connected with the two side chambers 100 as shown in the figure 3 (b), namely, the evacuation personnel of the horizontal evacuation channel 20 are more, the second vertical evacuation structure 20 corresponding to the horizontal evacuation channel 200 adopts the form of the combination of the stairs 101 and the elevators 103; the distance between two adjacent second vertical evacuation structures 20 in the horizontal evacuation channel 200 is 80m. The third vertical evacuation structure 30 is arranged in the chamber 100 to realize up-down evacuation in the chamber 100, any form of the stair 101 or the combination of the stair 101 and the elevator 103 is adopted, and the structural form of the third vertical evacuation structure 30 is determined according to the capacity of the chamber 100 and the design cost (for example, if the capacity of the chamber 100 is smaller, the third vertical evacuation structure 30 form of the stair 101 is arranged, and if the capacity of the chamber 100 is large and the number of people potentially unfavorable for movement is large, such as old people, young children or disabled people are more, the third vertical evacuation structure 30 form of the combination of the stair 101 and the elevator 103 is arranged); the number of stairs 101 in the third vertical evacuation structure 30 is not less than two and the spacing between the stairs 101 is less than 40m, as shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, the width of the stairs 101 is 1.8-2.2 m (preferably 2m, and the width of the stairs is 0.27m, and the height of the stairs is 0.165 m); the width of the escalator 102 is 1-1.2 m (preferably 1 m), and the running speed of the escalator 102 is 0.65m/s; the speed of the elevator 103 is any one of 2.5m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s, 5m/s and 6m/s (preferably 6 m/s), the speed of the fire elevator 104 is also 6m/s, and the elevator 103 and the fire elevator 104 are of conventional structures of deep underground space (those skilled in the art will understand that the application is not discussed too much).
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a vertical evacuation structure of deep underground space, includes chamber (100), horizontal evacuation passageway (200), vertical dispersion body (300) and vertical evacuation structure, its characterized in that: the vertical evacuation structure comprises a first vertical evacuation structure (10), a second vertical evacuation structure (20) and a third vertical evacuation structure (30), wherein the first vertical evacuation structure (10) is arranged in a vertical dispersion body (300) and comprises stairs (101), an escalator (102) and an elevator (103); the second vertical evacuation structure (20) is arranged in the horizontal evacuation channel (200) and adopts any form of stairs (101), or an escalator (102), or a combination of the stairs (101) and an elevator (103); the third vertical evacuation structure (30) is arranged in the chamber (100) and adopts any form of stairs (101) or a combination of the stairs (101) and elevators (103).
2. A deep underground space vertical evacuation structure according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the stair (101) is 1.8-2.2 m; the width of the escalator (102) is 1-1.2 m, and the running speed of the escalator (102) is 0.65m/s.
3. A deep underground space vertical evacuation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the elevator (103) has a speed of any one of 2.5m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s, 5m/s, 6 m/s.
4. A deep underground space vertical evacuation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number ratio of the stairs (101) to the escalator (102) in the first vertical evacuation structure (10) is 1:1-1:2, and the number of the elevators (103) is not less than two.
5. A deep underground space vertical evacuation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first vertical evacuation structure (10) further comprises at least two firefighting elevators.
6. A deep underground space vertical evacuation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the distance between two adjacent second vertical evacuation structures (20) in the horizontal evacuation channel (200) is 80m.
7. A deep underground space vertical evacuation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of stairs (101) in the third vertical evacuation structure (30) is not less than two and the interval between the stairs (101) is less than 40m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202323268474.8U CN221053747U (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | Vertical evacuation structure of deep underground space |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202323268474.8U CN221053747U (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | Vertical evacuation structure of deep underground space |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN221053747U true CN221053747U (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202323268474.8U Active CN221053747U (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | Vertical evacuation structure of deep underground space |
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| CN (1) | CN221053747U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-30 CN CN202323268474.8U patent/CN221053747U/en active Active
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