CN221043170U - Semi-open earphone - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical scheme of the utility model provides a semi-open earphone, which forms a sound channel in the earphone through grid through holes and horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array and are arranged on a front shell and a rear shell, when sound is transmitted to the rear shell, the rear shell provided with the horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array has low reflection on the sound, good sound transmission performance, improves the overall tone quality, maintains the flow resistance on air to a certain extent, effectively avoids bass sound short circuit, and is beneficial to obtaining superior bass expression.

Description

Semi-open earphone

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of headphones, and particularly relates to a semi-open type headphone.

Background

At present, the structure of the earphone can be divided into three types of closed type, open type and semi-open type, and the three types of the earphone are different in rear cavity structures, and the resonance influence of different rear cavity structures on the rear cavity of the earphone is obvious.

Specifically, the closed earphone refers to a closed sound cavity structure, and sound emitted by the earphone is enclosed in the earphone shell and the human ear space. Because the rear resonant cavity is closed, echo and low frequency accumulation can be caused, so that the sound definition is influenced; in addition, although the closed earphone can effectively isolate external noise, the sound field is concentrated in the center of the head, and the user may feel ear pressure, wear it for a long time, and even impair hearing. The open type sound cavity structure adopted by the open type earphone has the advantages that the sound emitted by the earphone can be leaked due to the open rear resonant cavity, the sound field is not concentrated on the head of a user, the ear pressure of the user is reduced, but the low-frequency response is also weaker, the isolation capability to external noise is poor, the bass performance is poor, a larger loudspeaker unit is usually required to increase the volume sense of bass, and the distortion is increased.

Since it is difficult to obtain balanced sound performance in the middle, high and low frequency domains for both closed and open headphones, there is a need for a semi-open headphone that combines the advantages of both open and closed headphones, and that is low cost and portable.

Disclosure of utility model

In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the technical scheme of the utility model provides a semi-open earphone which comprises an earphone shell, a suspension, a sounding unit and an ear pad, and is characterized in that the earphone shell comprises a front shell arranged in a front cavity of the earphone and a rear shell arranged in a rear cavity of the earphone, and the front shell and the rear shell form a containing cavity for containing and installing the suspension and the sounding unit; at least part of the front shell is provided with grid through holes which are arranged in an array manner, and at least part of the rear shell is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array manner.

Further, the cross section of the horn-shaped sound transmission hole of the rear shell is one or more of a combination of a circle, a triangle, a square, a diamond or a hexagon.

Further, the cross-sectional area of the horn-shaped sound-transmitting hole of the rear shell is gradually increased or gradually reduced from front to back.

Further, the rear shell has a porosity of 0.01 to 0.3.

Further, a front cavity reinforcing structure is arranged between the front shell and the sounding unit, at least part of the front cavity reinforcing structure is provided with grid through holes which are arranged in an array mode, and the grid through hole area of the front cavity reinforcing structure coincides with the grid through hole area of the front shell in the axis direction.

Further, grating through holes distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array are arranged in the middle of the front shell and the front cavity reinforcing structure.

Further, the grille through holes of the front shell and/or the front cavity reinforcing structure are horn-shaped through holes.

Further, the sounding unit comprises a coil, a transducer movable membrane and a magnet, the coil is fixedly arranged on the transducer movable membrane, the front cavity reinforcing structure is arranged behind the front cavity reinforcing structure and protrudes to the transducer movable membrane by a preset shape, the front cavity reinforcing structure is matched with the shape of the transducer movable membrane, and a gap of a vibration space required by the transducer movable membrane is formed between the front cavity reinforcing structure and the transducer movable membrane.

Further, the suspension comprises an earphone main suspension and a sounding unit suspension, the earphone main suspension is connected with the front shell and the sounding unit, the sounding unit suspension is fixedly installed on the sounding unit and fixedly connected with the earphone main suspension, a tuning hole formed in the earphone main suspension is used for communicating an earphone front cavity and an earphone rear cavity, and a tuning hole formed in the sounding unit suspension is used for communicating the sounding unit and the earphone rear cavity.

Further, tuning cotton used for adjusting acoustic damping is arranged in the tuning hole of the earphone main suspension and the tuning hole of the suspension of the sounding unit, and dustproof tuning cotton or dustproof sound-permeable cloth used for adjusting acoustic damping is arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the rear shell.

The technical scheme of the utility model provides a semi-open earphone, which forms a sound channel in the earphone through grid through holes and horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array and are arranged on a front shell and a rear shell, when sound is transmitted to the rear shell, the rear shell provided with the horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array has low reflection on the sound, good sound transmission performance, improves the overall tone quality, maintains the flow resistance on air to a certain extent, effectively avoids the short circuit of bass sounds, and is beneficial to obtaining superior bass expression; in addition, the tuning hole that is used for communicating earphone front chamber and earphone back chamber, sound generating unit and earphone back chamber of seting up on the suspension that the inside of front and back casing held and installed forms the sound passageway simultaneously can be through the propagation of the inside and outside environment of adjusting the air flow resistance sound of earphone to the earphone.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a semi-open earphone according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semi-open earphone according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a front cavity of a semi-open earphone according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the split rear housing of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a half-open earphone front/rear housing overlapping perspective structure and a corresponding rear housing structure (triangular sound-transmitting holes);

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a front housing, a rear housing overlapping perspective structure and a corresponding rear housing (circular sound-transmitting holes) of a semi-open earphone according to the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a third schematic view of the overlapping perspective structure of the front and rear housings of the half-open earphone of the present utility model (square sound-transmitting holes);

FIG. 8 is a third schematic view of the overlapping perspective structure of the front and rear housings of the half-open earphone of the present utility model (hexagonal sound-transmitting holes);

FIG. 9 is a finite element cross-sectional view showing various morphological structure sound pressure levels at 1KHz for a finite element simulation test;

FIG. 10 is a frequency domain plot of a 20Hz-20KHz sweep frequency for a finite element simulation experiment;

FIG. 11 is a plot of the frequency response of a finite element simulation test;

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the total harmonic distortion versus noise test results for a semi-open earphone according to the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the results of a frequency response curve test of a semi-open earphone according to the present utility model and other earphones;

fig. 14 is a graph showing two results of frequency response curves of the semi-open earphone and other earphones according to the present utility model.

Key labels: 1-an earphone housing; 11-a front housing; 12-a rear housing; 121-a rear housing body; 122-connection; 2-suspension; 21-earphone main suspension; 22-sound unit suspension; 3-a sound generating unit; 31-coil; 32-transducer dynamic membrane; 33-magnet; 4-ear pad; 5-tuning holes; 6-tuning cotton; 7-dustproof tuning cotton (dustproof tuning cloth); 8-anterior chamber reinforcement structure.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart depicts operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or at the same time. Furthermore, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figures. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like.

Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative and are for purposes of describing exemplary embodiments of the utility model. The utility model may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

At present, the structure of the earphone can be divided into three types of closed type, open type and semi-open type, and the three types of the earphone are different in rear cavity structures, and the resonance influence of different rear cavity structures on the rear cavity of the earphone is obvious.

Specifically, the closed earphone refers to a closed sound cavity structure, and sound emitted by the earphone is enclosed in the earphone shell and the human ear space. Because the rear resonant cavity is closed, echo and low frequency accumulation can be caused, so that the sound definition is influenced; in addition, although the closed earphone can effectively isolate external noise, the sound field is concentrated in the center of the head, and the user may feel ear pressure, wear it for a long time, and even impair hearing. The open sound cavity structure adopted by the open earphone has the advantages that the sound emitted by the earphone can be leaked due to the open rear resonant cavity, the sound field is dispersed, the ear pressure drop of a user is low, the low-frequency response is weak, the isolation capability to external noise is poor, the bass performance is poor, a larger loudspeaker unit is usually required to increase the volume sense of bass, and the distortion is increased.

It should be noted that, the design of the rear cavity of the earphone is one of the earphone core designs, which determines the sound effect of the earphone. Most existing advanced headphones tend to use an open back cavity in order to reduce resonance of sound, avoid echo and low frequency accumulation, reduce total harmonic distortion, and obtain higher sound quality. In contrast, in order to obtain a good sound receiving effect, the semi-open earphone needs to avoid a large number of unnecessary short circuits, so that sound can be intensively dispersed in one direction to isolate external noise to a certain extent, and on the other hand, a small amount of resonance can be generated at a proper position to complement a short plate of a transducer, such as low-frequency tuning, and resonance and standing waves are avoided as much as possible at other frequencies, so that a high requirement is placed on the design of the semi-open earphone, particularly the rear earphone shell. However, the open earphone has a problem of a short circuit of low tones, and the low frequency region sound is not excellent. Since it is difficult to obtain balanced sound performance in the middle, high and low frequency domains for both closed and open headphones, there is a need for a semi-open headphone that combines the advantages of both open and closed headphones, and that is low cost and portable.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model provides a semi-open earphone which has the high tone quality of high frequency domain sound in an open earphone and has the short-circuit blocking effect of a closed earphone on low frequency domain sound, so that clearer middle and high tones and thicker bass can be obtained. Specifically, at least part of the area of the rear shell is provided with the horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array, and the horn-shaped sound transmission holes and the grille through holes which are arranged in an array at least part of the area of the front shell form a sound channel in the earphone.

Definition of noun

Finite element simulation test: the model adopts a three-dimensional geometric model drawn by external CAD software, the drawn three-dimensional geometric model is imported into the finite element simulation software through interfaces of the finite element simulation software and universal CAD drawing software, and external points, auricle centers and eardrum positions of the earphone are selected as data acquisition points, and sound pressure parameters (SPL) of the corresponding data acquisition points are obtained, so that sound pressure level representation section diagrams and sweep frequency domain line diagrams of different earphones are drawn.

Frequency response curve Frequency Response (FR): the conversion efficiency of the electroacoustic device for converting electric energy into sound vibration can be reflected, the sound is received by a microphone built in an artificial ear or head and trunk simulator and is presented in a chart in the form of dB/SPL, and a microphone with the frequency response range of 20-20KHz is generally used for testing.

Head related transfer function Head-RELATED TRANSFER Function (HRTF): it is understood that a loudspeaker is a perfectly flat curve that is transmitted to the human ear after filtering of various parts of the human body. In headphones, the relationship between HRTF and FR is understood to be that the closer the frequency response FR of the headphone is to the HRTF, the more accurate and accurate the headphone sound is. Target Response is the frequency Response curve of the earphone in the ideal case, or the international standard earphone curve.

Harman curve HARMAN TARGET: the low frequency band part is raised by 7-8dB relative to the complete flatness of the HRTF, and the FR low frequency part is raised correspondingly because the human ear structure is provided with two bends which attenuate low frequency sound waves, the value of which is about 7-8 dB.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-14 and specific examples.

Embodiment one:

The embodiment of the utility model provides a semi-open earphone, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprising an earphone shell 1, a suspension 2, a sounding unit 3 and an ear pad 4, wherein the earphone shell 1 comprises a front shell 11 arranged in a front cavity of the earphone and a rear shell 12 arranged in a rear cavity of the earphone, the front and rear shells form a containing cavity for containing and installing the suspension 2 and the sounding unit 3, and the ear pad 4 is arranged on one side of the rear shell 12 facing a user and used for fixing the contact surface of the earphone and the ear and limiting the leakage of sound; the middle part of the front shell 11 is provided with grid through holes arranged in an array, the middle part of the rear shell 12 is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes arranged in an array, and sound channels are formed in the earphone through the grid through holes arranged in an array and the horn-shaped sound transmission holes arranged in the front and rear shells; the sounding unit 3 is fixedly connected with the suspension 2, and the suspension 2 is provided with a tuning hole 5 for communicating the front cavity of the earphone with the rear cavity of the earphone and the sounding unit 3 with the rear cavity of the earphone so as to form a sound channel, and meanwhile, the sound can be transmitted inside the earphone and to the external environment of the earphone through adjusting the air flow resistance, so that the sound can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the rear housing is integrally provided with a screw connection portion for connection with the front housing. Other embodiments optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the rear housing 12 further includes a rear housing body 121 and a connecting portion 122 separately provided for connecting the front housing, where the connecting portion may fixedly connect the front housing and the rear housing together by a clamping, buckling or screwing manner.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the horn-shaped sound transmission hole of the rear housing 12 is triangular (fig. 5), and the earphone frequency response curve obtained by the finite element simulation test is close to an ideal open earphone due to the irregular triangular array shape, and other embodiments may optionally include one or more of the horn-shaped sound transmission hole of the rear housing 12 being circular (fig. 6), square (fig. 7), diamond-shaped, hexagonal (fig. 8) or octagonal.

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area gradually increases from front to back. Alternatively, the cross-sectional area of the sound-transmitting hole gradually converges from front to back, and the finite element simulation test shows that the sound structure of the loudspeaker-shaped sound-transmitting hole arranged in an array of the outer casing of the patent earphone can also be as excellent as that of the open earphone when the pore canal of the loudspeaker-shaped sound-transmitting hole arranged in an array of the outer casing of the patent earphone is reversed.

In the implementation, the semi-open earphone is made of ABS plastic or polycarbonate plastic, and the materials are excellent in mechanical strength and durability, low in price and suitable for mass production. Furthermore, the earphone shell can adopt injection molding technology, thereby being beneficial to reducing the cost and improving the production efficiency.

It was verified that the rear shell has a porosity of 0.05, and that the rear shell with a porosity of 0.05 can transmit sound substantially without loss, with almost negligible effect on sound when the porosity reaches 0.1. The porosity of the rear shell is selected from 0.01-0.3, and the sound transmission performance and the dust prevention performance can be considered.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in order to reduce resonance and standing waves, a front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is disposed between the front housing 11 and the sound generating unit 3, at least a partial area of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is provided with grid through holes arranged in an array, the grid through hole area of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 coincides with the grid through hole area of the front housing 11 in the axial direction, and the grid through holes of the front housing 11 and/or the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 are horn-shaped through holes. Specifically, in this embodiment, the middle parts of the front housing 11 and the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 are all provided with grid through holes arranged in an array, the grid through holes are distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array, and the grid through holes of the front housing 11 and the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 are horn-shaped through holes, so that sound can pass through the front housing and the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 without damage. Other embodiments optionally, the grille through holes are offset from the middle of the front housing and the front cavity reinforcing structure, and the grille through holes of the front housing and the front cavity reinforcing structure are alternatively horn-shaped through holes, and the grille through holes are distributed in other arrays.

For the purpose of illustration, the following are five optional structures of the semi-open earphone, which are only exemplary of the semi-open earphone structure that combines the advantages of both open and closed earphone, and is low cost and portable.

Structure 1: the middle part of the front shell 11 is provided with horn-shaped grid through holes which are arranged in an array manner, the middle part of the rear shell 12 is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array manner, and the porosity of the rear shell 12 is 0.05.

Structure 2: the middle part of the front shell 11 is provided with horn-shaped grid through holes which are distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array, the middle part of the rear shell 12 is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are distributed in an array manner, and the porosity of the rear shell 12 is 0.1.

Structure 3: the middle part of the front shell 11 is provided with horn-shaped grid through holes which are distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array, the middle part of the rear shell 12 is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are distributed in an array, the middle part of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is provided with horn-shaped grid through holes which are distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array, and the porosity of the rear shell 12 is 0.05.

Structure 4: the middle part of the front shell 11 is provided with equal-aperture grille through holes which are distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array, the middle part of the rear shell 12 is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are distributed in an array, the middle part of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is provided with horn-shaped grille through holes which are distributed in a fibonacci spiral line type array, and the porosity of the rear shell 12 is 0.3.

And (5) a structure 5: the front shell 11 is eccentrically provided with array-arrangement equal-aperture grille through holes, the rear shell 12 is eccentrically provided with array-arrangement horn-shaped sound transmission holes, the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is eccentrically provided with array-arrangement horn-shaped grille through holes, the grille through hole area of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 coincides with the grille through hole area of the front shell 11 in the axial direction, and the porosity of the rear shell 12 is 0.01.

Embodiment two:

On the basis of the first embodiment, the embodiment provides a semi-open earphone, and the tuning hole 5 which is arranged on the suspension 2 accommodated and installed in the front and rear shells and is used for communicating the front cavity of the earphone with the rear cavity of the earphone and the sounding unit 3 with the rear cavity of the earphone forms a sound channel, and meanwhile, the sound can be transmitted inside the earphone and to the external environment of the earphone through adjusting the air flow resistance, so that the sound can be adjusted. As shown in fig. 1-3, the suspension 2 includes an earphone main suspension 21 and a sound generating unit suspension 22, the earphone main suspension 21 and the sound generating unit suspension 22 can be produced in a split manner or formed integrally, the earphone main suspension 21 is connected with the front housing 11 and the sound generating unit 3, the sound generating unit suspension 22 is fixedly provided with the sound generating unit 3 and fixedly connected with the earphone main suspension 21, a tuning hole 5 formed in the earphone main suspension 21 is used for communicating an earphone front cavity with an earphone rear cavity, a tuning hole 5 formed in the sound generating unit suspension 22 is used for communicating the sound generating unit 3 with the earphone rear cavity, and the earphone main suspension tuning hole and the sound generating unit suspension tuning hole can form a sound channel in the earphone and can adjust the sound to propagate in the earphone and to the external environment of the earphone through adjusting air flow resistance. Specifically, two arc tuning holes 5 are arranged in the earphone main suspension 21, the arc tuning holes are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the earphone suspension with respect to the suspension center, the sounding unit suspension 22 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the earphone main suspension 21 and uniformly provided with a plurality of circular tuning holes at intervals, tuning cotton is arranged in the tuning holes of the earphone main suspension and the sounding unit suspension, and after the operation of die sinking, the sound characteristics can be adjusted by adjusting the flow resistance of the tuning cotton.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, dustproof tuning cotton or dustproof sound-transmitting cloth 7 for adjusting acoustic damping is further disposed between the housing and the earphone main suspension 21 or outside the rear housing 12, so as to enhance the adjusting capability of the structure to sound and realize dustproof rear housing.

In this embodiment, the sounding unit 3 includes a coil 31, a transducer moving film 32 and a magnet 33, the coil 31 is fixedly mounted on the transducer moving film 32, the front side of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is straight, the rear side of the front cavity reinforcing structure protrudes to the transducer moving film 32 to have a preset shape, the shape of the front cavity reinforcing structure 8 is matched with that of the transducer moving film 32, and only a gap enough for vibration of the transducer moving film 32 is reserved between the front cavity reinforcing structure and the transducer moving film 32, so that the transducer can effectively reduce split vibration and integral harmonic resonance distortion in vibration of different frequencies. Other embodiments may choose an iron, electrostatic or flat plate sound unit.

To further illustrate the sound performance of the semi-open earphone provided by the technical scheme of the present utility model, the inventors have conducted the following experiments:

(1) Sound pressure level performance of finite element simulation test

The inventor establishes a finite element model for analysis by using CAD and finite element simulation software, and fig. 9 is a finite element sectional view showing various morphological structure sound pressure levels at 1 KHz. It should be noted that, the simulation test aims at explaining the influence of different earphone back cavity designs on the sound penetrability performance, and the sound penetrability performance of different earphones can be presented in a visual form through the sound pressure morphological structure expression; in all the earphones in the finite element simulation test, the rear cavity of the fully-opened earphone is opened, so that resonance and standing waves are avoided to the greatest extent, and sound can be concentrated to disperse energy in one direction, so that the sound pressure morphological structure of the fully-opened earphone is most ideal; the closer the earphone sound pressure morphology structure is to the full open earphone, the lower the reflection of the earphone structure to sound, the stronger the sound penetrability, the higher the tone quality and the lower the distortion.

In finite element simulation, as shown in fig. 9, the solution of all frequency domains of the patent earphone with the porosity of 0.015 (the rear shell array-arranged triangular horn-shaped sound-transmitting holes, the rear shell array-arranged square horn-shaped sound-transmitting holes and the rear shell array-arranged diamond-shaped horn-shaped sound-transmitting holes) is very close to that of a full-open earphone; the loudspeaker-type sound-transmitting hole channels arranged in an array manner of the earphone shell body of the patent can also show the same excellent sound structure as the open earphone when the sound-transmitting hole channels are reversed; the sound pressure performance of the traditional closed earphone with the pressure relief hole, the single-hole traditional semi-open back cavity earphone with the porosity of 0.015 and the perforated plate semi-open back cavity earphone with the porosity of 0.015 is greatly different from that of the full-open earphone.

Therefore, compared with the traditional closed earphone and the semi-open earphone with single holes or perforated plates, the patent earphone with the horn-shaped sound transmission holes arranged in the rear shell body array has sound transmission performance which is closer to that of the fully-open earphone, and has higher sound quality and smaller distortion.

(2) Frequency response curve of finite element simulation test

In finite element simulation, as shown in fig. 10, the earphone (the rear shell array-arranged triangular horn-shaped sound transmission holes, the rear shell array-arranged square horn-shaped sound transmission holes and the rear shell array-arranged diamond horn-shaped sound transmission holes) with the porosity of 0.015 is very close to the frequency response curve of the full-open earphone at 20Hz-20 KHz; the frequency response curve of the traditional closed earphone with the pressure relief hole, the single-hole traditional semi-open back cavity earphone with the porosity of 0.015 and the perforated plate semi-open back cavity earphone with the porosity of 0.015 is greatly different from that of the full-open earphone.

As can be seen from fig. 11, the half open earphone with porosity of 0.015, which has a circular and diamond-shaped structure (the two structures are very similar in the finite element analysis, and the obtained curve and result are the same), is close to the frequency response curve of the ideal full open earphone, whereas the single-hole traditional half open rear cavity earphone or the perforated plate half open rear cavity earphone has larger difference. The method can be embodied by SPL values corresponding to two characteristic points of the frequency response curve 1KHz and 3KHz of the figure 11, specifically, the SPL response values corresponding to the two points of the patent earphone are close to an ideal open structure back cavity earphone (full open earphone), and the frequency response results are different by not more than 1DB; the single-hole traditional half open back cavity earphone and the ideal open structure back cavity earphone (full open earphone) have a SPL value difference of more than 17DB, the perforated plate half open back cavity earphone and the ideal open structure back cavity earphone (full open earphone) have a SPL value difference of at least 3DB at 1KHz, the SPL value difference of about 2DB at 3KHz, and the response value in the frequency domain of 1KHz-3KHz is more than 5DB different from the full open earphone, so that the sound energy of each 3DB is doubled, therefore, the frequency response curve and the sound performance of the single-hole traditional half open back cavity earphone or the perforated plate half open back cavity earphone are larger compared with the full open earphone, the frequency response curve and the sound performance of the patent earphone are also the traditional perforated plate structure earphone (the traditional perforated plate structure and the patent earphone have the same porosity and thickness, the same material, the same number of holes and the overlapping hole positions, the traditional perforated plate structure is different from the perforated plate structure of the same width of the sound transmission hole of the back shell, the traditional sound transmission hole of the loudspeaker type) and the single-hole type traditional half open back cavity earphone cannot be achieved. In addition, the simulated frequency Response curve of the patent earphone accords with the international standard earphone curve of the standard human head simulation, namely the Target Response of the HRTF, the gain of about 10dB is provided between 1KHz and 3KHz, and other earphone structures cannot reach the harsh standard.

As can be seen from the outer point curve of fig. 11, the patent earphone basically has an excellent outer field sound structure equivalent to that of an ideal open earphone, and reflects that the total harmonic distortion and Noise characteristics of the patent earphone are similar to those of the ideal open earphone to a certain extent, and the total harmonic distortion and Noise characteristics of the patent earphone are Total Harmonic Distortion +noise (thd+n) equivalent to or lower than those of the open earphone.

As can be seen from the central frequency response curve of the pinna of fig. 11, the patent earphone has a curve that is close to an open earphone but smoother, which may indicate that the patent earphone design is more compatible with listeners of different auditory canals.

From a low frequency perspective, the patent earphone has a more excellent low frequency than the open and perforated plate back cavity earphone.

(3) Total harmonic distortion and noise testing

As shown in fig. 12, the inventor measures that the total harmonic distortion of the patent earphone system is lower than 0.1% by using different test platforms, the total harmonic distortion sum value of the power amplifier transducer and the radio artificial ear device is about 0.1%, the harmonic distortion generated by the real shell resonance is negligible (less than one ten thousandth), which is a performance index far superior to most earphone products, and meanwhile, the frequency Response curve of the patent earphone precisely accords with the Target Response of the international standard HRTF. Such excellent performance often requires one to twice as much volume of headphones than the test headphones to achieve.

From the true test results, it can be found that it coincides with the finite element analysis data, while the reliability of the finite element analysis simulation is verified.

(4) Earphone frequency response curve test

1. Test one

Test object: earphone, sony wh1000XM4, senb Sail hd800 of this patent

As shown in fig. 13, after the HRTF curve (line 5) is balanced, the original frequency response curve (line 2) of the patent earphone is very flat, which is more flat than the frequency response curves of the other two earphones (line 3 and line 4) under the same condition.

2. Test II

Test object: audio TECHNICA ATH-EW9, AKG K712 Pro earphone, beyerdynamic T1 3 ^rd Gen earphone

Fig. 14 is a frequency response curve of Audio TECHNICA ATH-EW9, AKG K712 Pro headphones, beyerdynamic T1 3rd Gen headphones after balancing the HRTF curve, and the patent headphones have a flatter measured frequency response curve than the three headphones of fig. 14 under the same conditions.

The above describes a semi-open earphone provided by the present utility model in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present utility model, and the above examples are only used to help understand the core idea of the present utility model; also, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings, the present disclosure should not be limited to the specific embodiments and applications described herein.

Claims (10)

1. The semi-open earphone comprises an earphone shell, a suspension, a sounding unit and an ear pad, and is characterized in that the earphone shell comprises a front shell arranged in a front cavity of the earphone and a rear shell arranged in a rear cavity of the earphone, and the front shell and the rear shell form a containing cavity for containing and installing the suspension and the sounding unit; at least part of the front shell is provided with grid through holes which are arranged in an array manner, and at least part of the rear shell is provided with horn-shaped sound transmission holes which are arranged in an array manner.

2. The semi-open earphone of claim 1, wherein the rear housing horn-shaped sound-transmitting aperture has a cross-section of one or more of a circle, triangle, square, diamond, or hexagon.

3. The semi-open earphone of claim 2, wherein the rear housing horn-shaped sound-transmitting aperture cross-sectional area gradually increases or gradually decreases from front to back.

4. A semi-open earphone as recited in claim 3, wherein said rear housing has a porosity of 0.01-0.3.

5. The semi-open earphone of claim 1, wherein a front cavity reinforcing structure is arranged between the front housing and the sound generating unit, at least a partial area of the front cavity reinforcing structure is provided with grid through holes arranged in an array, and the grid through hole area of the front cavity reinforcing structure coincides with the grid through hole area of the front housing in the axial direction.

6. The semi-open earphone of claim 5 wherein the front housing and front cavity reinforcement structure have a center with a fibonacci spiral array of distributed grille through holes.

7. The semi-open earphone of claim 6, wherein the grille through-holes of the front housing and/or front cavity reinforcement structure are horn-shaped through-holes.

8. The semi-open earphone of claim 5, wherein the sound generating unit comprises a coil, a transducer moving membrane and a magnet, the coil is fixedly mounted on the transducer moving membrane, the rear side of the front cavity reinforcing structure protrudes to the transducer moving membrane by a preset shape, the front cavity reinforcing structure is matched with the shape of the transducer moving membrane, and a gap of a vibration space required by the transducer moving membrane is formed between the front cavity reinforcing structure and the transducer moving membrane.

9. The semi-open earphone of claim 1, wherein the suspension comprises an earphone main suspension and a sound generating unit suspension, the earphone main suspension is connected with the front shell and the sound generating unit, the sound generating unit suspension is fixedly installed on the sound generating unit and fixedly connected with the earphone main suspension, a tuning hole formed in the earphone main suspension is used for communicating an earphone front cavity with an earphone rear cavity, and a tuning hole formed in the sound generating unit suspension is used for communicating the sound generating unit with the earphone rear cavity.

10. The semi-open earphone of claim 9, wherein tuning cotton for adjusting acoustic damping is arranged in the earphone main suspension tuning hole and the sound unit suspension tuning hole, and dustproof tuning cotton or dustproof sound-transmitting cloth for adjusting acoustic damping is arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the rear shell.