CN220984860U - Antenna array - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to an antenna array. The antenna array includes: the radiating device comprises a plurality of radiating units and a plurality of radiating units, wherein the radiating units are arranged at intervals, and each radiating unit is provided with a feed point; and the two signal transmission links of each power divider are respectively and electrically connected with the feed points of two adjacent radiating units in the same subarray. The plurality of radiating elements are arranged in sequence to form a sub-array, the plurality of sub-arrays are arranged at intervals to form an antenna array, and each radiating element is provided with a feed point so as to be connected with signal transmission links of the plurality of power dividers. The antenna array provided by the application has a working frequency band with a larger bandwidth under the condition of meeting standing-wave ratio requirements, and has higher gain in the working frequency band.

Description

Antenna array

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna arrays, and in particular, to an antenna array.

Background

With the rapid development of aerospace and 5G communication technologies, performance requirements on various radars and communication systems are also increasing. An antenna is one of the key components of a radio system for radar, communication, etc., and its performance is directly related to the performance of the whole system. For the 6G communication technology, to implement an integrated high-speed communication network of the air, the land and the sea, the broadband transmission technology will be the core. The millimeter wave band will be the first choice for inter-satellite links, satellite down-covered subscriber links, satellite to ground station feed links, but requires ultra wideband, high gain, antenna pattern flexible changing characteristics for the antenna front end.

However, the conventional antenna array has a problem of low antenna gain.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an antenna array with high gain.

An antenna array, comprising:

the radiating device comprises a plurality of radiating units and a plurality of radiating units, wherein the radiating units are arranged at intervals, and each radiating unit is provided with a feed point;

And the two signal transmission links of each power divider are respectively and electrically connected with the feed points of two adjacent radiating units in the same subarray.

In one embodiment, the radiating element comprises:

A substrate;

The two radiation surfaces are positioned at two sides of the substrate and comprise a first conductive area, a second conductive area and a non-conductive area positioned between the first conductive area and the second conductive area, and the width of the non-conductive area is gradually increased along the signal emission direction;

And a feeder line disposed on the substrate, a first end of the feeder line being connected to the feeding point, and a second end of the feeder line being electrically connected to the first conductive region and the second conductive region of the radiation surface, respectively.

In one embodiment, the feed line is located on a side of the substrate remote from the non-conductive region.

In one embodiment, the feeder is double-arc configuration at the open-ended end of the first end.

In one embodiment, the feeder is a strip transmission line.

In one embodiment, the subarrays are arranged in parallel.

In one embodiment, the antenna array further comprises:

And the base is provided with a subarray and a power distributor.

In one embodiment, the base includes:

A bottom plate, on which a sub-array and a power divider are mounted;

And the limiting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate and extends along the target direction so as to fix the subarray on the bottom plate, wherein the target direction is a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the subarray.

In one embodiment, the antenna array further comprises:

The signal regulation and control module is electrically connected with the feed point of each radiation unit and is used for providing numerical control signals to the radiation units, and the numerical control signals are used for regulating electromagnetic waves of the radiation units and further regulating wave beams generated by the antenna array.

In one embodiment, the sub-arrays are 16 and each sub-array includes 16 radiating elements.

According to the antenna array, the plurality of radiating units are sequentially arranged to form the subarrays, the plurality of subarrays are arranged at intervals to form the antenna array, each radiating unit is provided with the feed point so as to be connected with the signal transmission links of the plurality of power distributors, and a single power distributor provides signals for two adjacent radiating units, so that miniaturization design is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sub-array configuration in one embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit in one embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a multi-path power splitter in one embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of standing wave ratio of an antenna array in one embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of radiation directions of an antenna array in one embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single radiating surface of a subarray according to one embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if any, these terms "width," "upper," "lower," etc. are used in the description of the present application, these terms indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely used for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature.

It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.

With the rapid development of aerospace and 5G communication technologies, performance requirements on various radars and communication systems are also increasing. An antenna is one of the key components of a radio system for radar, communication, etc., and its performance is directly related to the performance of the whole system. For the 6G communication technology, to implement an integrated high-speed communication network of the air, the land and the sea, the broadband transmission technology will be the core. The millimeter wave band will be the first choice for inter-satellite links, satellite down-covered user links, satellite to ground station feeder links. The front end of the antenna is required to have ultra-wideband, high gain, and flexible antenna pattern changing characteristics. However, the conventional antenna array has an insufficient operating bandwidth or an insufficient antenna gain. Antenna patterns with high gain (parabolic antennas) cannot be scanned phase-controlled.

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a high-gain antenna array.

Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna array according to an embodiment of the application. An antenna array 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of sub-arrays 120 and a plurality of power dividers 126 arranged at intervals.

Wherein each sub-array 120 comprises a plurality of radiating elements 122 arranged in sequence, each radiating element being provided with a feed point 1221; the two signal transmission links of each power divider 126 are electrically connected to the feed points 1221 of two adjacent radiating elements in the same sub-array, respectively.

In this embodiment, a plurality of radiating elements 122 may be connected together in a linear manner to form a sub-array 120, and the plurality of sub-arrays 120 are arranged at intervals and combined into the antenna array 100, and each radiating element 122 is provided with a feeding point 1221 for receiving a control signal or a feeding signal to generate a resonant excitation electromagnetic field to form electromagnetic waves to radiate out, so as to support radio frequency signal transmission. The two signal transmission links of one power divider 126 are respectively electrically connected to the feeding points 1221 of two adjacent radiating elements 122 in the same subarray, further, as shown in fig. 2, the power dividers 126 electrically connected to the radiating elements may be combined two by two, and electrically connected by another power divider 128, and such a progressive connection may form a multi-path power divider transmission network, based on which the feeding signals may be transmitted to all the radiating elements 122 under the same subarray through one signal transmission link 124, so as to implement centralized control.

Further, the signal transmission using the antenna array 100 includes transmitting the radio frequency signal controlling the antenna array 100 to a feed port of a multi-branch power divider (as shown in fig. 4), distributing the signal to different output ports according to design requirements by the multi-branch power divider, connecting the signal to the transmission network 124 of the subarray by using a radio frequency coaxial cable after passing through the power divider, transmitting a section of the signal on the transmission network 124 of the subarray 120, and dividing the feed signal into two paths of feed signals with equal amplitude and same phase through the power divider for transmission. After the signals sequentially pass through similar power dividers, the signals reach the feed point 1221 of the radiating unit 122 and are transmitted to the position crossing the radiating unit slot 1222, the signals are transmitted to the radiating unit slot 1222 in a coupling mode, when the signal wavelength is equal to the width of the radiating unit slot, resonance excitation electromagnetic fields are generated to form electromagnetic waves to radiate, the signals are transmitted along the slot to a preset direction, and the resonance excitation electromagnetic fields are generated to form electromagnetic waves to radiate at the position corresponding to the width of the slot, so that radio frequency signal transmission is realized. The maximum distance at the end of the parabola 1223 corresponds to the wavelength of the lowest frequency point of the antenna. The use of antenna array 100 to receive signals is an inverse process.

In the antenna array 100 provided by the present application, electromagnetic waves radiated by each radiation unit 122 form a sharp electromagnetic wave beam with concentrated energy after spatial synthesis. The higher the gain of the electromagnetic wave beam, the higher the directivity. The signal may be transmitted to a remote location and may be received at the same time. In addition, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the standing-wave ratio of the antenna array 100 array antenna provided by the application in the frequency range of 2GHz-8GHz is smaller than 1.5, so that the 4-frequency-multiplication ultra-wideband antenna is realized, namely, the antenna array 100 array antenna can have a working frequency band with a larger bandwidth under the condition of meeting the standing-wave ratio requirement, and has higher gain in the working frequency band.

Further, as shown in connection with fig. 1, 3 and 7, in one embodiment, the radiating element 122 comprises: a substrate 162; two radiating planes 164 (a single radiating plane 160 of sub-array 120 is shown in fig. 7), and a feed line 1224.

Wherein the two radiating surfaces 164 are located on both sides of the substrate. The radiation face 164 includes a first conductive region 1225, a second conductive region 1226, and a non-conductive region 1227 located between the first conductive region 1225 and the second conductive region 1226, the width of the non-conductive region 1227 gradually increasing in the signal emission direction. A feed line 1224 is provided on the substrate, a first end of the feed line being connected to the feed point, and a second end of the feed line being electrically connected to the first and second conductive areas 1225, 1226 of the radiating surface 164, respectively.

In particular, the radiating element 122 may be a broadband antenna based on a double parabolic 1223 antenna. The function of radiating electromagnetic waves is achieved by forming a graded slot 1222 with two parabolas 1223. Each radiating element 122 has a feed point 1221 connected thereto as a port for signal input and output. Each radiating element 122 has a first radiating surface and a second radiating surface, and the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface are electrically connected by a metal via. The feeding network metal wire of the radiating element 122 is supported by the substrate non-conductive medium in the middle of the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface. Meanwhile, the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface have the function of the ground of the metal wire of the feed network, and form a strip line transmission network line. The plurality of radiating elements 122 are connected together in a linear manner, a first radiating surface of the radiating element 122 is connected to one metal surface, a second radiating surface of the radiating element 122 is connected to the other metal surface, and a feed transmission network metal wire of the subarray is supported by a non-conductive medium between the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface. Meanwhile, the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface have the function of the ground of the metal wire of the feed network, and form a strip line transmission network line. The function of the stripline transmission network is to distribute signals from the system host to each of the radiating elements 122 as required, and then radiate radio frequency signals from the radiating elements 122 to space. Or the signals received by each radiating element 122 are collectively combined and transmitted to the receiving host.

Alternatively, the radiating element may use two double-sided copper-clad high frequency dielectric PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed wiring board or printed circuit board) boards on which metal traces are printed in a printed manner. The two PCBs are pressed into a whole in a processing factory in a general processing mode to form a first radiation surface and a second radiation surface, and a transmission line is arranged in the middle of the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface.

Further, as shown in connection with fig. 3, in one embodiment, the feed line 1224 is located on a side of the substrate remote from the non-conductive region 1227. The antenna array 100 can be conveniently assembled, and the interval between two adjacent radiating units 122 is reduced, so that the integration level of the antenna array is improved. In addition, the transmission network based on the feeder line connection can better concentrate wiring, save array space and improve space utilization rate.

In one embodiment, feed line 1224 is a double arc structure at the open-ended end of the first end. In particular, the interval between the feeder lines of the double arc type is larger, and signal crosstalk can be reduced. In addition, the double arc type feeder can provide better isolation, thereby reducing signal distortion and noise.

In one embodiment, feed line 1224 is a strip transmission line. Specifically, the feeder 1224 is in the form of a strip transmission line, and metal vias are formed on two sides of a metal wire in the middle of the strip transmission line to conduct the ground on two sides, so that an electric signal is transmitted in a closed space, the signal is free from leakage, the energy loss is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the gain of the antenna is improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, each sub-array 120 is disposed in parallel. Specifically, the array antenna is divided into subarrays and arranged in parallel, each subarray can be independently controlled and adjusted according to the requirement so as to adapt to different communication requirements and environmental conditions, under the parallel arrangement, the radiation units 122 between different subarrays 120 can better perform electromagnetic wave coupling, and the radiation units 122 are combined for independent regulation and control, so that more various communication characteristics can be provided under a simple structure.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna array 100 further comprises: a base 140, the base 140 having the sub-array 120 and the power divider 126 mounted thereon. In particular, the base 140 may provide stable support for the array antenna, preventing it from unnecessarily shaking and shifting during use. The base 140 may also provide an accurate reference plane that helps to maintain proper alignment of the array antenna, ensuring accuracy in its transmission and reception of signals.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the base 140 includes: a base plate 142, and a stopper plate 144.

The bottom plate 142 is provided with the sub-array 120 and the power divider 126, the limiting plate 144 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 142, and the limiting plate 144 extends along a target direction, so as to fix the sub-array 120 on the bottom plate 142, wherein the target direction is a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the sub-array 120.

Specifically, the stability of the array antenna can be increased by installing the antenna array 100 through the bottom plate and the limiting plate, unnecessary shaking and displacement of the sub-array 120 or the radiating unit 122 in the use process can be prevented, the stability, alignment precision and protection of the array antenna can be improved through the bottom plate and the limiting plate, meanwhile, the installation process is simplified, and the use effect is improved.

In one embodiment, the antenna array 100 further includes a signal conditioning module.

The signal conditioning module is electrically connected to the feeding point 1221 of each radiating element 122, and is configured to provide a digital control signal to the radiating element 122, where the digital control signal is configured to condition electromagnetic waves of the radiating element 1221, and further condition electromagnetic wave beams generated by the antenna array 100.

In practical applications, a digital control signal may be connected to each radiating element 122, that is, the amplitude and phase of the signal received by the radiating element 122 may be controlled according to a preset value of the signal, and the scanning of the beam of the antenna array 100 and the implementation of multiple beams with different directions are implemented through the change of the phase of the signal with the setting.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sub-arrays 120 are 16, and each sub-array 120 includes 16 radiating elements. Through testing, in practical application, the gain of the 16×16 antenna array 100 in the working frequency band of the antenna is greater than 23dBi, so that the high gain of the antenna is realized.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of the application should be assessed as that of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna array, the antenna array comprising:

the radiating device comprises a plurality of radiating units and a plurality of radiating units, wherein the radiating units are arranged at intervals, and each radiating unit is provided with a feed point;

and the two signal transmission links of each power divider are respectively and electrically connected with the feed points of two adjacent radiating units in the same subarray.

2. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein the radiating element comprises:

A substrate;

The two radiation surfaces are positioned on two sides of the substrate and comprise a first conductive area, a second conductive area and a non-conductive area positioned between the first conductive area and the second conductive area, and the width of the non-conductive area is gradually increased along the signal emission direction;

And the first end of the feeder is connected with the feeding point, and the second end of the feeder is electrically connected with the first conductive area and the second conductive area of the radiation surface respectively.

3. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein the feed line is located on a side of the substrate remote from the non-conductive region.

4. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein the feed line is double-arc structure at an open-ended at the first end.

5. The antenna array of any one of claims 2-4, wherein the feed line is a strip transmission line.

6. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein each of the subarrays is disposed in parallel.

7. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein the antenna array further comprises:

and the base is provided with the subarray and the power distributor.

8. The antenna array of claim 7, wherein the base comprises:

a base plate on which the sub-arrays and the power divider are mounted;

And the limiting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate and extends along a target direction so as to fix the subarray on the bottom plate, wherein the target direction is a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the subarray.

9. The antenna array of claim 1, further comprising:

The signal regulation and control module is electrically connected with the feed point of each radiation unit and is used for providing numerical control signals to the radiation units, and the numerical control signals are used for regulating electromagnetic waves of the radiation units and further regulating wave beams generated by the antenna array.

10. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein the sub-arrays are 16 and each of the sub-arrays includes 16 of the radiating elements.