CN220961826U - Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester - Google Patents

Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220961826U
CN220961826U CN202322685147.6U CN202322685147U CN220961826U CN 220961826 U CN220961826 U CN 220961826U CN 202322685147 U CN202322685147 U CN 202322685147U CN 220961826 U CN220961826 U CN 220961826U
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switch
calibration
lightning protection
protection element
branch
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CN202322685147.6U
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米家明
魏兆俊
洪松
贾亦君
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Guangzhou Railway Technology Development Co ltd
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Guangzhou Railway Technology Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a comprehensive calibration device of a lightning protection element tester, which comprises the lightning protection element tester, a switch matrix, a calibration circuit and a processor, wherein the lightning protection element tester is used for evaluating and testing the performance of the lightning protection element, the processor is used for outputting a control signal to control the blocking and/or conducting of a corresponding switch in the switch matrix, the calibration circuit comprises a first calibration circuit and a second calibration circuit, the switch matrix can calibrate corresponding items by controlling the blocking and/or conducting of branches in the calibration circuit, the conducting and/or blocking of each branch in the calibration circuit is further controlled, the automatic calibration of different calibration items is realized, the wiring of manual operation equipment is not needed, the intelligent degree of the comprehensive calibration process of the lightning protection element tester is further improved, and the calibration precision and the calibration efficiency are improved by connecting the processor with the calibration circuit.

Description

Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of metering device calibration devices, and particularly relates to a comprehensive calibration device of a lightning protection element tester.
Background
Lightning protection elements are commonly used in electronic and electrical systems, intended to protect equipment from sudden voltages such as lightning or electromagnetic pulses. The lightning protection element tester is equipment for evaluating and testing the performance of the lightning protection element, can test various lightning protection elements, such as a discharge tube, a lightning arrester and an electromagnetic shielding device, and can evaluate the response time, the capacity, the discharge performance and other characteristics of the lightning protection element, so that a user can screen out problematic overvoltage protection devices, potential safety hazards brought by engineering, facilities and devices are further reduced, and personal and property losses are reduced.
The lightning protection element tester mainly measures indexes such as voltage, leakage current, constant current and the like, wherein the voltage comprises two parts, namely voltage and voltage rising rate; the voltage rising rate refers to the time change rate of a voltage signal, and is used for describing the slope of a voltage waveform, namely the rapid rising degree of voltage along with time, and is critical to the performance and stability of the lightning protection element tester.
When the traditional lightning protection element tester calibrating device calibrates each index of the lightning protection element tester, the following problems often exist:
Voltage rise rate is usually calibrated by adopting a voltmeter and a stopwatch, repeatability and stability are poor, and some devices calibrate voltage waveforms by using an oscilloscope and an attenuator, but accuracy is low;
with the development of the lightning protection element, the traditional lightning protection element tester calibrating device has low comprehensive performance and cannot meet the requirement of calibrating each calibration index of the lightning protection element tester;
insufficient level of intelligence, relying on manual calibration, results in low safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly aims to provide a comprehensive calibration device for a lightning protection element tester, which can solve various problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
The comprehensive calibration device for the lightning protection element tester comprises the lightning protection element tester, a processor, a calibration circuit and a switch matrix; the lightning protection element tester is used for evaluating and testing the performance of the lightning protection element, and is respectively connected with the calibration circuit and the switch matrix; the processor is used for outputting a control signal to control the blocking and/or conducting of a corresponding switch in the switch matrix, and is respectively connected with the calibration circuit and the switch matrix; the calibration circuit comprises a first calibration circuit and a second calibration circuit, and the first calibration circuit and the second calibration circuit are connected in parallel; the switch matrix can calibrate corresponding items by controlling blocking and/or conducting of branches in the calibration circuit, and comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a seventh switch and an eighth switch, wherein the input end and the output end of the first switch are respectively connected with the output end of the lightning protection element tester and the input node of the first calibration circuit.
In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the first calibration circuit includes a first branch, a second branch, and a current device, where the first branch is provided with a variable resistor, the second branch is provided with a varistor, and the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch.
In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the input terminal and the output terminal of the second switch are connected to the input node of the second branch and the input terminal of the varistor, respectively.
In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the current device comprises an ammeter and a current data memory, and the current data memory can be used for storing and collecting current data.
In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the second calibration circuit includes a third branch and a fourth branch, where the third branch includes a first sub-branch, a second sub-branch and a third sub-branch, the first sub-branch is provided with a voltage breakdown simulation device, the second sub-branch is provided with a voltage divider, the third sub-branch is provided with a voltage device, the fourth branch is provided with a time module and a voltage relay, and the first sub-branch, the second sub-branch, the third sub-branch and the fourth branch are connected in parallel.
In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the output terminals of the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are respectively connected to the input nodes of the first sub-branch, the second sub-branch, the third sub-branch and the fourth branch.
In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the first input and the first output of the voltage means are connected to the output of the fifth switch and to the output node of the second calibration circuit, respectively.
In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the input and output terminals of the seventh switch and the eighth switch are respectively connected to the second output terminal of the voltage divider and the second input terminal of the voltmeter, and the first input terminal and the first output terminal of the voltage divider are respectively connected to the output terminal of the fourth switch and the output node of the second calibration circuit.
In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the voltage device comprises a voltmeter and a voltage data storage, and the voltage data can be stored and collected through the voltage data storage.
In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the input ends of the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are respectively connected with the output end of the lightning protection element tester.
One of the above technical solutions of the present utility model has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:
The utility model outputs the control signal through the processor and controls the on-off of the switch through the control switch matrix, thereby controlling the on-off of each branch in the calibration circuit, further realizing the automatic calibration of each different calibration project, and further improving the intelligent degree of the comprehensive calibration process of the lightning protection element tester without wiring by manual operation equipment; the processor is connected with the calibration circuit, so that the measurement data collected by the calibration time measuring instrument can be directly obtained, and the comparison between the test value in each calibration project and the display value of the tester is carried out, thereby improving the calibration precision and the calibration efficiency.
Drawings
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of one embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the simplified description of the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the term "connected" should be construed broadly, and for example, it may be a fixed connection or an active connection, or it may be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or it may be an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected, or may be in communication with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements, indirect communication or interaction relationship between the two elements.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different aspects of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a comprehensive calibration device for a lightning protection element tester includes a lightning protection element tester 1, a processor 2, a calibration circuit 3 and a switch matrix 4, wherein the lightning protection element tester 1 is used for evaluating and testing the performance of the lightning protection element, and the lightning protection element tester 1 is connected with the calibration circuit 3 and the switch matrix 4 respectively.
The calibration project of the comprehensive calibration device of the lightning protection element tester comprises an initial action voltage U 1mA, a constant current and a leakage current for calibrating the lightning protection element testerWhen the comprehensive calibration device for the lightning protection element tester is adopted to calibrate the lightning protection element tester, the technical index requirements corresponding to all calibration items can be determined according to the calibration standard of the lightning protection element tester. In addition, when the voltage rising rate is detected, the rising of the voltage is gentle at the moment of just energizing, the voltage rising rate at the stage is unstable, the influence on the measurement result is large, the voltage also tends to be gentle at the end of the voltage rising, and the influence of the error of the measurement result is large, so that the calibration of the voltage rising rate at the initial stage and the final stage of avoiding the voltage rising should be avoided.
In the comprehensive calibration device of the lightning protection element tester, the processor 2 is used for outputting a control signal to control the blocking and/or conducting of the corresponding switch in the switch matrix 4, the processor 2 is respectively connected with the calibration circuit 3 and the switch matrix 4, the processor 2 outputs the control signal to control the switch matrix 4 to control the on-off of the switch, and then the on-off of each branch in the calibration circuit 3 is controlled, so that the calibration of each different calibration item can be automatically performed, the wiring of a manual operation device is not needed, the intelligent degree of the comprehensive calibration process of the lightning protection element tester 1 can be improved, the processor 2 is connected with the calibration circuit 3, the measurement data acquired by the time meter during the calibration can be directly acquired, the comparison of the test value in each calibration item and the display value of the tester can be performed, and the calibration precision and the calibration efficiency are improved.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the processor 2 is respectively connected with the ammeter, the voltmeter, the time module and the switch matrix 4, and in the comprehensive calibration device of the lightning protection element tester, the processor 2 can be a processing chip such as a singlechip, an MCU and the like.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the calibration circuit 3 is used for effectively calibrating the lightning protection element tester 1, the calibration circuit 3 includes a first calibration circuit 31 and a second calibration circuit 32, the first calibration circuit 31 and the second calibration circuit 32 are connected in parallel, the first calibration circuit 31 can calibrate an initial operating voltage and a leakage current, the second calibration circuit 32 can calibrate a direct current breakdown voltage and a voltage rising rate, the first calibration circuit 31 includes a first branch 311, a second branch 312 and a current device 33, the first branch 311 is provided with a variable resistor, the second branch 312 is provided with a piezoresistor, the first branch 311 is connected in parallel with the second branch 312, and an input end and an output end of the second switch 42 are respectively connected with an input node of the second branch 312 and an input end of the piezoresistor.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the current device 33 includes an ammeter 331 and a current data memory, through which voltage data can be stored and collected.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the output terminals of the third switch 43, the fourth switch 44, the fifth switch 45 and the sixth switch 46 are respectively connected to the input nodes of the first sub-branch 323, the second sub-branch 324, the third sub-branch 325 and the fourth branch 322, and the first input terminal and the first output terminal of the voltmeter are respectively connected to the output terminal of the fifth switch 45 and the output node of the second calibration circuit 32.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the input and output terminals of the seventh switch 47 and the eighth switch 48 are respectively connected to the second output terminal of the voltage divider and the second input terminal of the voltmeter, and the first input terminal and the first output terminal of the voltage divider are respectively connected to the output terminal of the fourth switch 44 and the output node of the second calibration circuit 32.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the switch matrix 4 may perform calibration operations of corresponding items by controlling the blocking and/or conducting of the branches in the calibration circuit 3, where the switch matrix 4 includes a first switch 41, a second switch 42, a third switch 43, a fourth switch 44, a fifth switch 45, a sixth switch 46, a seventh switch 47, and an eighth switch 48, and an input terminal and an output terminal of the first switch 41 are respectively connected to an output terminal of the lightning protection element tester 1 and an input node of the first calibration circuit 31.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the voltage device comprises a voltmeter and a voltage data memory, and the voltage data can be stored and collected through the voltage data memory.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the second calibration circuit 32 includes a third branch 321 and a fourth branch 322, the third branch 321 includes a first sub-branch 323, a second sub-branch 324 and a third sub-branch 325, the first sub-branch 323 is provided with a voltage breakdown simulation device, the second sub-branch 324 is provided with a voltage divider, the third sub-branch 325 is provided with a voltage device, the fourth branch 322 is provided with a time module and a voltage relay, and the first sub-branch 323, the second sub-branch 324, the third sub-branch 325 and the fourth branch 322 are connected in parallel.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the time module comprises a pulse counter, and the process of calibrating each calibration item by adopting the comprehensive calibration device of the lightning protection element tester comprises the following steps:
When the initial action voltage is calibrated, a plurality of calibration points are uniformly selected from the lower limit to the upper limit measured by the lightning protection element tester 1, and the current value displayed by the ammeter 331 and the reading of the lightning protection element tester 1 are read at each calibration point so as to calculate the error of the initial action voltage indication value;
Specifically, the ammeter 331 starts a data storage function, sets a sampling interval of the ammeter 331, outputs a control signal to control a first switch 41 in the switch matrix 4 to be turned on, and other switches to be turned off, so that the first branch 311 is turned on, the second branch 312 to the fourth branch 322 are turned off, voltages at two ends of the variable resistor are adjusted to required calibration points by changing the size of the variable resistor, a 'piezoresistor/discharge tube' selection switch of the lightning protection element tester 1 is set to be high to start a voltage-sensitive voltage function of the lightning protection element tester 1, a maximum value of the ammeter 331 is read through the processor 2, and an actual value of an initial action voltage is calculated according to the maximum value of the ammeter 331 and a current variable resistor resistance value;
When constant current calibration is carried out, the ammeter 331 starts a data storage function, a sampling interval of the ammeter 331 is set, the processor 2 outputs a control signal to control a first switch 41 in the switch matrix 4 to be turned on, other switches are turned off, so that a first branch 311 is turned on, a second branch 312 to a fourth branch 322 are turned off, and for safety reasons, a variable resistor takes 0.5MΩ to enable the voltage at two ends to be about 500V when passing 1mA current, a 'piezoresistor/discharge tube' selection switch of the lightning protection tester 1 is set at a high position to start a tester voltage-sensitive voltage function, and the maximum value of the ammeter 331 is read through the processor 2, so that a constant current actual value is obtained;
When the leakage current is calibrated, a plurality of calibration points are uniformly selected from the lower limit to the upper limit of the leakage current measurement range. Recording an indication error between a leakage display value of the tester and a current reading of the ammeter 331, pressing a leakage key, reading a reading of the voltmeter 0.75U 1mA, and recording a theoretical difference value from the leakage key 0.75U 1mA;
Specifically, the ammeter 331 starts a data storage function, and sets a sampling interval of the ammeter 331 according to a duration of a leakage current measurement process of the tester, so as to obtain a voltage-sensitive voltage and a leakage current of the piezoresistor, which can be obtained by testing the piezoresistor by using the piezoresistor tester. Setting a sampling interval of an ammeter 331, outputting a control signal by the processor 2 to control the first switch 41 and the second switch 42 in the switch matrix 4 to be on, opening the other switches to enable the first branch 311 and the second branch 312 to be on, opening the third branch 321 and the fourth branch 322, enabling the leakage current to reach the vicinity of a leakage current calibration point by changing the resistance value of a variable resistor, setting a 'piezoresistor/discharge tube' selection switch of the lightning protection tester 1 to be high-order to start the voltage-sensitive voltage function of the tester, recording all data of the current measurement process into a current data memory by the ammeter 331, transmitting the data to the processor 2, removing useless data outside a leakage current measurement stage by the processor 2, and averaging the residual leakage current data to obtain an actual leakage current value;
When the voltage rising rate is calibrated, the voltmeter starts the data storage function, the processor 2 sets the start timing pulse and the end timing pulse of the pulse counter, the processor 2 outputs a control signal to control the fifth switch 45 and the sixth switch 46 in the switch matrix 4 to be turned on, the rest switches are turned off, so that the second sub-branch 324 and the third sub-branch 325 are turned on, the rest branches are turned off, and the voltmeter collects the start voltage corresponding to the start pulse number and the end voltage corresponding to the end pulse number, wherein the start timing pulse and the end timing pulse do not belong to the start stage and the end stage of the voltage rising. The voltmeter records all data in the measuring process into a voltage data memory, the data are transmitted to the processor 2, and the processor 2 calculates the voltage rising rate according to the pulse counting time difference, the starting voltage and the ending voltage acquired by the voltmeter;
When the breakdown voltage is calibrated, the voltmeter starts a data storage function, a plurality of calibration points are uniformly selected from the lower limit to the upper limit of the direct current breakdown voltage measurement range, the processor 2 outputs a control signal to control the third switch 43 and the fifth switch 45 in the switch matrix 4 to be conducted, so that the first sub-branch 323 and the third sub-branch 325 are conducted, the rest branches are disconnected, the sampling interval of the voltmeter is set, the action voltage of the voltage breakdown simulation device is controlled, the output voltage of the tester is regulated to be near the required calibration points and then is broken down, the 'piezoresistor/discharge tube' selection switch of the lightning protection tester is placed at a low position to start the discharge tube function of the tester, the voltmeter sends collected voltage data to the processor 2, and the maximum value of the voltmeter is the actual value of the direct current breakdown voltage for voltages below 1000V; when the processor 2 reads 1000V and above, the output control signal controls the fourth switch 44, the seventh switch 47 and the eighth switch 48 in the switch matrix to be turned on, and the rest of the branches are turned off, and at the moment, the maximum value of the voltmeter is multiplied by the voltage division ratio of the direct current resistor voltage divider, namely the actual value of the direct current breakdown voltage.
All or part of modules in the comprehensive calibration device of the lightning protection element tester can be realized through software, hardware and combination thereof. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The comprehensive calibration device for the lightning protection element tester is characterized by comprising the lightning protection element tester (1), a processor (2), a calibration circuit (3) and a switch matrix (4);
The lightning protection element tester (1) is used for evaluating and testing the performance of the lightning protection element, and the lightning protection element tester (1) is respectively connected with the calibration circuit (3) and the switch matrix (4);
The processor (2) is used for outputting a control signal to control the blocking and/or the conducting of a corresponding switch in the switch matrix (4), and the processor (2) is respectively connected with the calibration circuit (3) and the switch matrix (4);
The calibration circuit (3) comprises a first calibration circuit (31) and a second calibration circuit (32), wherein the first calibration circuit (31) and the second calibration circuit (32) are connected in parallel;
The switch matrix (4) can calibrate corresponding items by controlling the blocking and/or conducting of the branches in the calibration circuit (3), the switch matrix (4) comprises a first switch (41), a second switch (42), a third switch (43), a fourth switch (44), a fifth switch (45), a sixth switch (46), a seventh switch (47) and an eighth switch (48), and the input end and the output end of the first switch (41) are respectively connected with the output end of the lightning protection element tester (1) and the input node of the first calibration circuit (31).
2. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 1, wherein: the first calibration circuit (31) comprises a first branch circuit (311), a second branch circuit (312) and a current device (33), wherein a variable resistor is arranged on the first branch circuit (311), a piezoresistor is arranged on the second branch circuit (312), and the first branch circuit (311) is connected with the second branch circuit (312) in parallel.
3. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 2, wherein: the input end and the output end of the second switch (42) are respectively connected with the input node of the second branch circuit (312) and the input end of the piezoresistor.
4. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 2, wherein: the current device (33) comprises an ammeter (331) and a current data memory, and the current data memory can be used for storing and collecting current data.
5. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 1, wherein: the second calibration circuit (32) comprises a third branch circuit (321) and a fourth branch circuit (322), the third branch circuit (321) comprises a first sub-branch circuit (323), a second sub-branch circuit (324) and a third sub-branch circuit (325), a voltage breakdown simulation device is arranged on the first sub-branch circuit (323), a voltage divider is arranged on the second sub-branch circuit (324), a voltage device is arranged on the third sub-branch circuit (325), a time module and a voltage relay are arranged on the fourth branch circuit (322), and the first sub-branch circuit (323), the second sub-branch circuit (324), the third sub-branch circuit (325) and the fourth branch circuit (322) are connected in parallel.
6. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 5, wherein: the output ends of the third switch (43), the fourth switch (44), the fifth switch (45) and the sixth switch (46) are respectively connected with the input nodes of the first sub-branch (323), the second sub-branch (324), the third sub-branch (325) and the fourth branch (322).
7. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 6, wherein: the first input and the first output of the voltage device are connected to the output of the fifth switch (45) and to the output node of the second calibration circuit (32), respectively.
8. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 5, wherein: the voltage device comprises a voltmeter and a voltage data memory, and the voltage data memory can be used for storing and collecting voltage data.
9. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 8, wherein: the input end and the output end of the seventh switch (47) and the eighth switch (48) are respectively connected with the second output end of the voltage divider and the second input end of the voltmeter, and the first input end and the first output end of the voltage divider are respectively connected with the output end of the fourth switch (44) and the output node of the second calibration circuit (32).
10. The lightning protection element tester integrated calibration device of claim 1, wherein: the input ends of the third switch (43), the fourth switch (44), the fifth switch (45) and the sixth switch (46) are respectively connected with the output end of the lightning protection element tester (1).
CN202322685147.6U 2023-10-08 2023-10-08 Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester Active CN220961826U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202322685147.6U CN220961826U (en) 2023-10-08 2023-10-08 Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202322685147.6U CN220961826U (en) 2023-10-08 2023-10-08 Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN220961826U true CN220961826U (en) 2024-05-14

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CN202322685147.6U Active CN220961826U (en) 2023-10-08 2023-10-08 Comprehensive calibrating device for lightning protection element tester

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