CN220934587U - Cylindrical vector light field generating device - Google Patents
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- CN220934587U CN220934587U CN202323025899.6U CN202323025899U CN220934587U CN 220934587 U CN220934587 U CN 220934587U CN 202323025899 U CN202323025899 U CN 202323025899U CN 220934587 U CN220934587 U CN 220934587U
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- BAMPCFAHEQKAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt fluoro hypofluorite Chemical compound [Co].FOF BAMPCFAHEQKAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for generating a cylindrical vector light field, which relates to the technical field of optical fiber lasers and nonlinear optics, and comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain optical fiber, a first polarization controller, a polarization related isolator, a saturable absorber, a symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler, a second polarization controller, a CCD camera and a single-mode optical fiber coupler.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fiber lasers and nonlinear optics, in particular to a cylindrical vector light field generating device based on a symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler and a high-stability protectable absorber mode-locking laser.
Background
Since Mei Manbo manufactured the first ruby laser, lasers have played a great role in the development and advancement of human civilization. Compared with natural light, the laser has four unique advantages: good monochromaticity, good directivity, good coherence and higher brightness. And the lasers can be roughly divided into continuous lasers and pulse lasers according to the operation modes; the pulse laser has the characteristics of high peak power, high pulse energy, short duration and the like of the laser generated by the pulse laser, and has very wide application prospect in the technical fields of part processing, laser ranging, medical diagnosis, optical fiber communication and the like. The mode of the output pulse of the laser has Q-switching and mode locking technologies. The Q-switching technology cannot further narrow the pulse width because of the limitation of the cavity length and the Q-switching device; the mode locking technology effectively avoids the defect of the Q-switching technology, and the technology generates ultrashort pulses from two aspects: primary phase locking of each oscillation longitudinal mode; the longitudinal mode frequencies of the oscillations are equally spaced and fixed as（/>For cavity length). Further, according to the mode locking theory of operation, divide the mode of realizing mode locking into: active mode locking, passive mode locking, synchronous pumping mode locking, self-locking mode, collision mode locking and the like.
The Cylindrical Vector Beam (CVB) has wider application prospect in molecular imaging, optical sensing, material processing and other aspects by the symmetrical characteristic of the CVB in an amplitude field and polarization. Conventional CVB generation techniques mainly use spatial polarization selection components, including biconic prisms, birefringent components, spatial Light Modulators (SLMS), sub-wavelength gratings, etc. However, the components of the traditional method are complex and heavy, and cannot be compatible with a system based on optical fibers; so, the CVB generation method based on all-fiber has been developed, but designing a simple fiber element that can meet both the higher-order mode excitation and the splitting requirement remains a challenge.
Recently, scholars have proposed: if appropriate elongation is selected, the symmetrical fusion fiber coupler may provide a variety of optical functions, includingMode filter,/>Mode tap coupler sum/>And/>Mode/>A power divider. Still other scholars have proposed a mode conversion (mainly referred to as fundamental mode (/ >)) And higher order modes (/ >)) Mode conversion between) is a resonator in a multimode tapered fiber. It is with these studies that have had a great heuristic for the production of the utility model that the technical details involved in the utility model can be successfully broken.
Disclosure of utility model
Based on the above-mentioned research work, the present utility model provides a cylindrical vector light field generating device, which uses a symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler and a stable passive mode-locked laser to generate a stable and high-purity CVB light beam.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
A cylindrical vector light field generating device, comprising: the device comprises a pumping source (1), a wavelength division multiplexer (2), a gain optical fiber (3), a first polarization controller (4), a polarization-related isolator (5), a saturable absorber (6), a symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) and a single-mode optical fiber coupler (10), wherein the output port of the pumping source (1) is connected with one input port of the wavelength division multiplexer (2), the output port of the wavelength division multiplexer (2) is connected with the input port of the gain optical fiber (3), the output port of the gain optical fiber (3) is connected with the input port of the first polarization controller (4), the output port of the first polarization controller (4) is connected with the input port of the polarization-related isolator (5), the output port of the polarization-related isolator (5) is connected with the input port of the saturable absorber (6), the output port of the saturable absorber (6) is connected with the input port of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7), the output port of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) is connected with the input port of the single-mode optical fiber coupler (10), and the output port of the dual-mode optical fiber coupler (10) is connected with the other input port of the wavelength division multiplexer (2), wherein the saturable absorber (6) has a high-order coupling function and has a high-order coupling function (CoOF).
Further, the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) is provided with two output ports, one output port is connected with the input end of the second polarization controller (8), the output end of the second polarization controller (8) is connected with the CCD camera (9), the single-mode optical fiber coupler (10) is provided with two paths of laser output ports, one path of the laser output ports is connected with the wavelength division multiplexer (2) to form an annular cavity structure, and the other path of the laser output ports is connected with the spectrum analyzer or the optical monitoring channel.
Further, the pump source (1) is a laser diode, and the output laser isWavelength/>, employed by the wavelength division multiplexer (2)。
Further, the gain fiber (3) is an erbium-doped fiber, and the dispersion parameter isThe length was 40cm.
Further, one end of the first polarization controller (4) is connected to one side of the gain fiber (3), and the first polarization controller (4) and the saturable absorber (6) are respectively connected to two sides of the polarization-dependent isolator (5).
Further, the dispersion parameter of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber is that; Taper diameter/>, of symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler (7)The following should be satisfied: /(I)。
Further, the optical cavity of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) is provided with a single-mode optical fiber besides the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber, and the dispersion parameter of the single-mode optical fiber is that。
By adopting the scheme, the utility model mainly uses a passive mode locking mode, and is different from the traditional passive mode locking-based laser: the utility model utilizes the first polarization controller and the saturable absorber based on nonlinear material CoOF to adjust the mode locking state in the optical cavity, generates ultrashort pulse laser which is more stable and better than the traditional mode locking laser, utilizes the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler with proper taper diameter and has the functions of high-order modal excitation and splitting, so that the cylindrical vector beam can be generated in the stable mode locking laser.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical vector light field generating device of the present utility model.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler of the present utility model.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transfer of the prepared nonlinear material CoOF to the taper region of an optical fiber in accordance with the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a beam profile captured by a CCD camera according to the present utility model. Wherein (a) and (f) represent the intensity distribution of radially polarized light and azimuthally polarized light without a polarizer, respectively; (b) - (e) showing the intensity distribution of the radially polarized light after passing through the linear polarizer; (g) - (j) shows the intensity distribution of the azimuthally polarized light after passing through the linear polarizer, the arrow indicating the direction of the linear polarizer.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. a pump source; 2. a wavelength division multiplexer; 3. a gain fiber; 4. a first polarization controller; 5. a polarization dependent isolator; 6. a saturable absorber; 61. CoOF; 62. an ethanol solution; 63. an optical fiber; 64. a glass sheet; 65. an adhesive tape; 7. a symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler; 8. a second polarization controller; 9. a CCD camera; 10. a single mode fiber coupler.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model is explained in detail by specific examples.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a cylindrical vector light field generating device (CVB), which comprises a pump source 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2, a gain fiber 3, a first polarization controller 4, a polarization dependent isolator 5, a saturable absorber 6, a symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7, a second polarization controller 8, a CCD camera 9 and a single-mode fiber coupler 10, wherein the output port of the pump source 1 is connected with one input port of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the output port of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected with the input port of the gain fiber 3, the output port of the gain fiber 3 is connected with the input port of the first polarization controller 4, the output port of the first polarization controller 4 is connected with the input port of the polarization dependent isolator 5, the output port of the polarization dependent isolator 5 is connected with the input port of the saturable absorber 6, the output port of the saturable absorber 6 is connected with the input port of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7, the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7 is provided with two output ports, one output port is connected with the input end of the second polarization controller 8, the other output port is connected with the input port of the single-mode optical fiber coupler 10, the output port of the single-mode optical fiber coupler 10 is connected with the other input port of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the output end of the second polarization controller 8 is connected with the CCD camera, the saturable absorber 6 is made of nonlinear material CoOF, and the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7 has the functions of high-order mode excitation and coupling output.
The specific working process of the cylindrical vector light field generating device comprises that pump laser emitted from a pump source 1 passes through an input port of a wavelength division multiplexer 2, enters a first polarization controller 4 connected with a gain optical fiber 3 for laser polarization after gain vibration action is performed on the pump laser by the gain optical fiber 3, and passes through a polarization related isolator and then is made of nonlinear materialThe saturable absorber 6 of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 is matched with the fiber coupler to make the laser reach a mode locking state, then the laser is output through the symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 with high-order mode excitation and coupling output functions, then the laser is output through the single-mode fiber coupler 10, and finally the laser returns to the other input port of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 to form a complete optical path in the sequence.
Wherein, the pump source 1 adopts a Laser Diode (LD) as the pump source of the whole light path, and the output laser wavelength is。
Wavelength division multiplexer 2, the embodiment of the utility model adoptsWavelength division multiplexer, need to be/>The laser is coupled into an erbium doped fiber.
The gain fiber 3, the embodiment of the utility model adopts the high-performance erbium-doped fiber manufactured by Nufern company in the United states, and the dispersion parameter isLength is/>The transmitted laser light is made incident into the first polarization controller 4 connected thereto after gain action.
In the embodiment of the utility model, two polarization controllers are selected: the first polarization controller 4 and the second polarization controller 8, wherein the first polarization controller 4 controls the polarization of the laser in the optical cavity, adjusts the linear phase delay in the whole optical cavity, ensures the laser to work in a positive feedback mode, and cooperates with the saturable absorber 6 (SA) to enable the laser to reach a mode locking state; the second polarization controller 8 is used to fine tune the output beam.
The first polarization controller 4 and the saturable absorber 6 control the polarization state of the light beam in the cavity, adjust the linear phase delay in the whole optical cavity, and ensure that the laser works in a positive feedback mode.
The polarization dependent isolator 5 is applied to nonlinear polarization rotation mode locking technology (NPR) in the embodiment of the utility model, and has a polarization effect while ensuring unidirectional light transmission.
The saturable absorber 6, the nonlinear material CoOF61 is adopted in the embodiment of the utility model, and the fluoride is used as an emerging nonlinear optical material, so that the method has good advantage in the aspect of generating stable mode-locked laser. Experimentally, a center wavelength of the material is obtained，/>Line width is/>Pulse duration is/>The repetition frequency isIs a mode-locked pulse sequence of (a). Compared with the traditional mode-locked laser based on the polarization controller, the mode-locked laser has more obvious advantages. In addition, in the measurement process after the mode-locked laser is generated, no frequency drift and no new frequency component appear, and the stability of the mode-locked laser is verified from the side.
As shown in fig. 3, the nonlinear material CoOF selected for the saturable absorber 6 is transferred onto a glass sheet 64 with a tapered region of an optical fiber 63 with a proper taper by using an ethanol solution 62 as a carrier, and is fixed by using an adhesive tape 65 to form CoOF-SA, wherein SA is the saturable absorber, coOF is cobalt oxyfluoride, the nonlinear material CoOF is one of transition metal oxides, the material is used as a catalyst in a new energy field in a large scale, and the type of material can be customized in the market.
The symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 should have two output ports, one of which is connected to the single-mode fiber coupler 10 to form a complete loop, and the other is connected to the second polarization controller 8 to fine tune the output beam, so that the CCD camera can capture the beam profile conveniently.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 according to the present utility model is shown, wherein the symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler is composed of two dual-mode fibers, and specific parameters of the dual-mode fibers are as follows: core/cladding diameter =、. A pair of identical dual mode fibers are stretched and fused together to form a common tapered waist, allowing light to propagate while coupling between the fibers. The principle of symmetric dual mode fiber couplers for CVB generation is excitation and coupling/>Mode, coupling process is performed in two tapered fibers while avoiding/>, as much as possibleThe coupling of the modes is such that,The pattern will cause/>Mode purity decreases.
To make a symmetrical dual mode fiber coupler 7, two dual mode fibers should be aligned side by side and fused directly. The stretching of the symmetrical dual mode fiber coupler 7 should be determined by the image observed by the CCD camera 9, and the sign of the stretching termination is that the CCD camera 9 observes properMode point.
Dispersion parameters of an inserted cavity symmetric dual mode fiber (TMF): ; taper diameter stress/>, of symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler (TMF-OC) The following should be satisfied: /(I); And has two laser output ports, one connected to a single mode fiber coupler 10 and the other connected to a second polarization controller 8. In the optical cavity, other optical fibers except for the symmetrical dual-mode optical fibers all use single-mode optical fibers, and dispersion parameters are as follows: /(I)。
A symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 with a proper taper diameter is prepared so that the coupler itself has high-order mode splitting and excitation functions, and can excite and couple a second-order mode into an output tap. During the manufacturing of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7, the tapering process should be noted: the taper diameter cannot be too small, and too small can enlargeThe possibility of mode coupling into the second fiber affectsOutput purity of the mode; the taper diameter is not too large to make/>The modes are coupled between the two fibers. The taper diameter is preferably controlled at/>Between them. The taper diameter and length of the symmetrical dual mode fiber coupler should be optimized to achieve a suitable splitting ratio and a small optical power loss. The output port slope efficiency of the symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 of the present utility model is about/>; In the process of ensuring high purity/>Under the condition of mode output, the maximum value of the coupling efficiency of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler can reach about/>。
The stretching process of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7 should take the real-time observation result of the CCD camera 9 as a reference, when the CCD camera 9 detects that the proper output port of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7 appearsThe stretching process can be stopped when the beam profile corresponding to the mode is reached, but if the symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 is actually put into use, the stretched symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler needs to be simply packaged. Symmetrical dual mode fiber coupler 7 in proper coupling position,/>, among the first fiberThe mode may be almost completely coupled into the second fiber.
To verify the spatially varying polarization characteristics of the CVB, the polarization should be quantized at each point in the beam cross-section; i.e. the polarization vector on the beam cross-section for polarization purity should be determined.
The symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler 7 port used in the embodiment of the utility model has repeated power change in the manufacturing process, but if the taper diameter of the tapered fiber is smaller, the overall power is smaller, and the overall trend of overlarge loss is always unchanged.
As shown in fig. 4, by rotating the linear polarizer interposed between the collimator and the CCD camera, the radial polarization and the azimuthal polarization of the output mode can be determined by recording the radial polarization and the azimuthal polarization intensity distribution of the output mode. Fig. 4 (b) - (e) and (g) - (j) show the intensity distribution of the radially polarized and azimuthally polarized light beams, respectively, after passing through differently oriented linear polarizers.
The purity of the obtained radial and azimuth polarized light beams is evaluated by adopting a bending method; the examples demonstrate that CVB is less than the bend radiusWill dissipate completely when the laser is operated in azimuthal/radial polarization mode, the output power is adjusted to/>Without bending. The fiber is then bent to a radius of curvature less than/>Output power is/>. At the same time, in order to eliminate/>The influence of the mode should be measured/>Power loss ratio at the same wavelength propagation in the same fiber. By comparing different bending loss percentages, the formula can be: /(I)To estimate the purity of the cylindrical beam.
The CCD camera 9 is connected with the second polarization controller 8 after being adjusted by the optical fiber collimator and is used for capturing the beam profile. Stretching of the symmetrical dual mode fiber coupler 7 is determined by the image observed by the CCD camera 9, and the sign of the stretching termination is that the CCD camera 9 observes properMode point.
The single-mode fiber coupler 10 is provided with two paths of laser output ports, and one path of the laser output ports is connected with the wavelength division multiplexer 2 to form an annular cavity structure; the other path is used as the direct output of laser light, and can be connected with a spectrum analyzer (OSA) or an optical monitoring channel (OSC) to provide monitoring channels for OSA and OSC, and the slope efficiency of the output port of the single-mode fiber coupler 10 is about 0.79%.
The light beam obtained by the cylindrical vector light field generating device has slight non-uniformity of intensity distribution, so that the light beam is likely to have larger loss when the optical fiber connected with one path of the CCD camera 9 is welded.
The utility model generates the cylindrical vector beam based on the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler 7 and the stable passive mode-locking laser, has better practicability and simplicity and higher stability, and can be widely applied to the aspects of optical communication, optical capturing, material processing and the like.
The above examples and drawings are not intended to limit the form or form of the present utility model, and any suitable variations or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be construed as not departing from the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. A cylindrical vector light field generating device, comprising: the device comprises a pumping source (1), a wavelength division multiplexer (2), a gain optical fiber (3), a first polarization controller (4), a polarization-related isolator (5), a saturable absorber (6), a symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) and a single-mode optical fiber coupler (10), wherein the output port of the pumping source (1) is connected with one input port of the wavelength division multiplexer (2), the output port of the wavelength division multiplexer (2) is connected with the input port of the gain optical fiber (3), the output port of the gain optical fiber (3) is connected with the input port of the first polarization controller (4), the output port of the first polarization controller (4) is connected with the input port of the polarization-related isolator (5), the output port of the polarization-related isolator (5) is connected with the input port of the saturable absorber (6), the output port of the saturable absorber (6) is connected with the input port of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7), the output port of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) is connected with the input port of the single-mode optical fiber coupler (10), and the output port of the dual-mode optical fiber coupler (10) is connected with the other input port of the wavelength division multiplexer (2), wherein the saturable absorber (6) has a high-order coupling function and has a high-order coupling function (CoOF).
2. A cylindrical vector light field generating device according to claim 1, wherein: the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) is provided with two output ports, one output port is connected with the input end of the second polarization controller (8), the output end of the second polarization controller (8) is connected with the CCD camera (9), the single-mode optical fiber coupler (10) is provided with two paths of laser output ports, one path of the laser output ports is connected with the wavelength division multiplexer (2) to form an annular cavity structure, and the other path of the laser output ports is connected with the spectrum analyzer or the optical monitoring channel.
3. A cylindrical vector light field generating device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pump source (1) is a laser diode, and the output laser isWavelength/>, employed by the wavelength division multiplexer (2)。
4. A cylindrical vector light field generating device according to claim 3, wherein: the gain fiber (3) is erbium-doped fiber, and the dispersion parameter isThe length was 40cm.
5. A cylindrical vector light field generating device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the first polarization controller (4) is connected to one side of the gain optical fiber (3), and the first polarization controller (4) and the saturable absorber (6) are respectively connected to two sides of the polarization-dependent isolator (5).
6. A cylindrical vector light field generating device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the dispersion parameter of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber is; Taper diameter/>, of symmetrical dual-mode fiber coupler (7)The following should be satisfied:。
7. the cylindrical vector light field generating device according to claim 6, wherein: the optical cavity of the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber coupler (7) is provided with a single-mode optical fiber besides the symmetrical dual-mode optical fiber, and the dispersion parameter of the single-mode optical fiber is that 。
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