CN220915058U - Motor and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a motor and a vehicle, the motor comprises a shell, a stator and a rotor, the stator comprises a stator iron core and a stator winding, the rotor is arranged in the stator and rotates relative to the stator, the rotor comprises a rotating shaft and a magnetic part arranged on the rotating shaft, the magnetic part comprises a permanent magnet part and an electric excitation part, the permanent magnet part and the electric excitation part are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell, and at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and are respectively positioned at two ends and the middle part of the stator winding. Under the condition that the electric excitation piece is not electrified, a cooling liquid port which is positioned at one end of the stator winding and close to the permanent magnet piece and is positioned in the middle of the stator winding is opened, the motor is in a low-cooling mode, the overall power consumption is lower, under the condition that the electric excitation piece is electrified, all the cooling liquid ports are opened, the motor is in a high-cooling mode, the overall power consumption is higher, but the cooling effect is better, thereby solving the problem of single cooling mode of the existing motor and saving the overall power consumption of the motor.

Description

Motor and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor and a vehicle.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the performance requirements of the power system of the electric automobile, the cooling requirements on the motor in the power system are more and more strict. Under the continuous optimization and improvement of the cooling technology, the current motor is cooled and radiated by adopting an oil cooling mode, however, the existing motor oil cooling mode is single, and when the vehicle runs on a climbing road section or a flat road section, the load oil consumption is different, but the cooling mode is the same, so that the overall power consumption of the vehicle is larger, and the cooling cost is higher.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the above, the present utility model provides a motor and a vehicle, which at least solve the problem that the existing motor has a single cooling mode, resulting in larger overall power consumption.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

the utility model provides a motor, which comprises a shell, and a stator and a rotor which are arranged in the shell;

The stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding arranged on the stator core;

the rotor is arranged in the stator and rotates relative to the stator;

The rotor comprises a rotating shaft and magnetic pieces arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the magnetic pieces comprise permanent magnetic pieces and electric excitation pieces, and the permanent magnetic pieces and the electric excitation pieces are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft;

At least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell, are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and are respectively positioned at the two ends and the middle part of the stator winding;

Under the condition that the electric excitation piece is powered off, the cooling liquid port positioned at one end of the stator winding close to the permanent magnet piece and the cooling liquid port positioned in the middle of the stator winding are opened, and under the condition that the electric excitation piece is powered on, all the cooling liquid ports are opened.

Optionally, a projection of the cooling liquid port located in the middle of the stator winding along the radial direction of the rotating shaft is located between the permanent magnet piece and the electric excitation piece.

Optionally, each group of cooling liquid ports comprises a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft.

Optionally, the liquid inlets are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft in the same direction, and the liquid outlets are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft in the same direction.

Optionally, a distance between the permanent magnet piece and the electric excitation piece is not smaller than 10cm.

Optionally, the spacing between the coolant ports at both ends of the stator winding and the ends of the magnetic member is no more than 10cm.

Optionally, the stator winding has a size greater than that of the magnetic member along an axial direction of the rotating shaft.

Optionally, the size of the permanent magnet piece is larger than the size of the electric excitation piece along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

Optionally, the permanent magnetic piece comprises a plurality of permanent magnetic pieces, and the plurality of permanent magnetic pieces are inserted into the rotating shaft along the radial direction of the rotating shaft.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, which comprises a whole vehicle controller and the motor of any one of the above;

The whole vehicle controller is electrically connected with the motor and used for detecting the output power of the motor;

Under the condition that the output power does not exceed a threshold value, the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece to be powered off, and controls the cooling liquid port positioned at one end of the stator winding and the cooling liquid port positioned in the middle of the stator winding to be opened;

and under the condition that the output power exceeds a threshold value, the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece to be electrified, and controls the cooling liquid ports at two ends of the stator winding and the cooling liquid ports at the middle part of the stator winding to be opened.

Compared with the prior art, the motor and the vehicle have the following advantages:

The utility model provides a motor which comprises a shell, and a stator and a rotor arranged in the shell, wherein the stator comprises a stator iron core and a stator winding arranged on the stator iron core, the rotor is arranged in the stator and rotates relative to the stator, the rotor comprises a rotating shaft and a magnetic part arranged on the rotating shaft, the magnetic part comprises a permanent magnet part and an electric excitation part, the permanent magnet part and the electric excitation part are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell, and at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and are respectively positioned at two ends and the middle part of the stator winding. Under the condition that an electric excitation piece is not electrified, the power output range of the motor is lower, a cooling liquid port at one end of a stator winding and a cooling liquid port at the middle part of the stator winding are opened at the moment, the motor is in a low-cooling mode, the overall power consumption of the motor is lower, under the condition that the electric excitation piece is electrified, the power output range of the motor is higher, the cooling liquid ports at two ends and the middle part of the stator winding are opened, the motor is in a high-cooling mode, the overall power consumption of the motor is higher, but the cooling effect is better, thereby solving the problem that the cooling mode of the existing motor is single, and effectively saving the overall power consumption of the motor.

The vehicle of the present utility model has the same or similar advantages as the motor described above in the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an internal structure of a motor in the present embodiment;

fig. 2 is an external view schematically showing an electric motor in the present embodiment.

Reference numerals illustrate:

The motor comprises a 1-shell, a 2-stator winding, a 3-rotating shaft, a 4-permanent magnet piece, a 5-electric excitation piece, 11a and 11b, a first group of cooling liquid ports, 12a and 12b, a second group of cooling liquid ports and 13a and 13b, and a third group of cooling liquid ports.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged, as appropriate, such that embodiments of the present utility model may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the objects identified by "first," "second," etc. are generally of a type, and are not limited to the number of objects, such as the first object may be one or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present utility model. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

The motor and the vehicle provided by the utility model are described in detail below by listing specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the motor provided by the utility model comprises a shell 1 and a stator and a rotor which are arranged in the shell 1; the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding 2 arranged on the stator core; the rotor is arranged in the stator and rotates relative to the stator; the rotor comprises a rotating shaft 3 and magnetic pieces arranged on the rotating shaft 3, the magnetic pieces comprise permanent magnetic pieces 4 and electric excitation pieces 5, the permanent magnetic pieces 4 and the electric excitation pieces 5 are arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell 1, and at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 and are respectively positioned at two ends and the middle of the stator winding 2; under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is powered off, the cooling liquid port positioned at one end of the stator winding 2 close to the permanent magnet piece 4 and the cooling liquid port positioned in the middle of the stator winding 2 are opened, and under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is powered on, all the cooling liquid ports are opened.

Specifically, the motor is an electromagnetic device for converting or transmitting electric energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction, and is mainly used for generating driving torque as a power source of electric appliances or various mechanical equipment. The motor of this embodiment adopts an inner rotor motor, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the motor includes a housing 1 and a stator and a rotor disposed in the housing 1, the housing 1 is used for supporting and fixing the stator, and plays roles of protecting and radiating the stator and the rotor in the housing 1. The rotor is arranged in the stator and can rotate relative to the stator. Specifically, the stator includes a stator core and a stator winding 2, the stator winding 2 is circumferentially embedded on the stator core, and the winding is a generic term of an entire electromagnetic circuit composed of a plurality of coils or coil groups, and is often made of copper wires. When the motor is electrified, the stator winding 2 generates a rotating magnetic field, the rotor rotates in the stator under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field is cut to generate induced electromotive force and induced current, so that electromagnetic torque is formed to enable the motor to rotate. By controlling the frequency of the input current to the stator winding 2, the rotational frequency of the rotating magnetic field and thus the rotational speed of the rotor can be controlled.

The rotor comprises a rotating shaft 3 and a magnetic part arranged on the rotating shaft 3, the rotation of the rotor is substantially dependent on the action of a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding 2 on the magnetic part, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with a magnetic field generated by the magnetic part, so that the magnetic part drives the rotating shaft 3 to synchronously rotate, and the rotating shaft 3 is an output shaft of the motor, thereby realizing the power output of the motor. The magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet element 4 and an electric excitation element 5, after the permanent magnet element 4 is magnetized, the strong magnetism of the electric excitation element can be kept for a very long period of time, so that a corresponding magnetic field is generated, the electric excitation element 5 only has magnetism after being electrified, and can generate the magnetic field, and the electric excitation element does not have magnetism under the condition of no electrification, so that the magnetic field cannot be generated. The permanent magnet pieces 4 and the electric excitation pieces 5 are arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and under the condition that the electric excitation pieces 5 are not electrified, the magnetic fields of the permanent magnet pieces 4 interact with the rotating magnetic fields generated by the stator windings 2 to enable the rotating shaft 3 to rotate so as to realize power output, at the moment, the rotating shaft 3 is small in rotating speed and small in power output range, and the electric excitation pieces are commonly used for the retarded and uniform-speed operation of vehicles; under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is electrified, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet piece 4 and the magnetic field of the electric excitation piece 5 are interacted with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding 2, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates to realize power output, and at the moment, the rotating shaft 3 rotates at a larger speed, the power output range is larger, and the electric excitation piece is commonly used for accelerating operation of vehicles.

The casing 1 outside is provided with the oil collecting tank, holds the coolant liquid in the oil collecting tank, and the oil collecting tank is connected with the liquid pump, is provided with the coolant liquid mouth on the casing 1, and the coolant liquid mouth is used for supplying the coolant liquid to get into and flow out inside the motor casing 1, and the liquid pump can be with the coolant liquid in the oil collecting tank through the coolant liquid mouth pump to casing 1 in, at the relative stator pivoted in-process of rotor, the coolant liquid splashes to each position of stator and rotor to the realization is to the inside heat dissipation cooling of motor. The cooling liquid may be cooling oil or a mixture of water and a coolant, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. Specifically, at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell 1, and the at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and as the current passes through the stator winding 2 in the working process of the motor, the working temperature is relatively high, the at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell 1 at positions close to the two ends and the middle part of the stator winding 2. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the at least three sets of coolant ports include a first set of coolant ports 11a, 11b, a second set of coolant ports 12a, 12b, and a third set of coolant ports 13a, 13b, wherein the first set of coolant ports 11a, 11b, and the third set of coolant ports 13a, 13b are located near both ends of the stator winding 2, and the second set of coolant ports 12a, 12b are located near a middle of the stator winding 2.

Under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is not electrified, the power output range of the motor is lower, the working temperature inside the motor is lower, at the moment, a cooling liquid port at one end of the stator winding 2 close to the permanent magnet piece 4 and a cooling liquid port at the middle part of the stator winding 2 are opened, namely, the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b and the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b are opened, the third group of cooling liquid ports 13a and 13b are closed, cooling liquid is injected or flows out through the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b and the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b, the injection amount of the cooling liquid at the moment is lower, the motor is in a low-cooling mode, cooling and heat dissipation with moderate effect can be realized, and the whole power consumption of the motor is lower; under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is electrified, the power output range of the motor is higher, the working temperature inside the motor is higher, all the cooling liquid ports are opened at the moment, namely the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b, the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b and the third group of cooling liquid ports 13a and 13b are opened, cooling liquid is injected or flows out through the three groups of cooling liquid ports, the injection amount of the cooling liquid at the moment is higher, the motor is in a high-cooling mode, better cooling and heat dissipation can be realized, and correspondingly, the overall power consumption of the motor is higher.

The motor provided by the utility model comprises a shell 1 and a stator and a rotor which are arranged in the shell 1, wherein the stator comprises a stator iron core and a stator winding 2 which is arranged on the stator iron core, the rotor is arranged in the stator and rotates relative to the stator, the rotor comprises a rotating shaft 3 and a magnetic part which is arranged on the rotating shaft 3, the magnetic part comprises a permanent magnet part 4 and an electric excitation part 5, the permanent magnet part 4 and the electric excitation part 5 are arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell 1, and at least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 and are respectively positioned at two ends and the middle part of the stator winding 2. Under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is not electrified, the power output range of the motor is lower, the cooling liquid port at one end of the stator winding 2 and the cooling liquid port at the middle part of the stator winding 2 are opened at the moment, the motor is in a low-cooling mode, the overall power consumption of the motor is lower, under the condition that the electric excitation piece 5 is electrified, the power output range of the motor is higher, the cooling liquid ports at the two ends and the middle part of the stator winding 2 are opened at the moment, the motor is in a high-cooling mode, the overall power consumption of the motor is higher, but the cooling effect is better, thereby solving the problem of single cooling mode of the existing motor and effectively saving the overall power consumption of the motor.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, a projection of the cooling liquid port located in the middle of the stator winding 2 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3 is located between the permanent magnet 4 and the electro-magnetic element 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the projection of the second group of cooling liquid ports 12 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3 is located between the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electric excitation piece 5, and in the working process of the motor, cooling liquid can be injected from two ends of the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electric excitation piece 5, so that the cooling of the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electric excitation piece 5 is realized, the uniformity of cooling of the cooling liquid on the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electric excitation piece 5 can be ensured, the waste of the cooling liquid can be avoided, and the cooling and heat dissipation effects can be improved.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1, each group of the cooling liquid ports includes a liquid inlet port and a liquid outlet port, and the liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port are disposed opposite to each other along a radial direction of the rotating shaft 3.

Specifically, each set of cooling liquid ports includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, as shown in fig. 1, 11a in the first set of cooling liquid ports is a liquid inlet, 11b is a liquid outlet, 12a in the second set of cooling liquid ports is a liquid inlet, 12b is a liquid outlet, 13a in the third set of cooling liquid ports is a liquid inlet, 13b is a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet 11a and the liquid outlet 11b are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3, the liquid inlet 12a and the liquid outlet 12b are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and the liquid inlet +13a and the liquid outlet 13b are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 3. The cooling liquid enters the shell 1 from the liquid inlet, after the cooling liquid absorbs heat in the shell 1 and heats up, the cooling liquid flows out of the shell 1 from the liquid outlet under the action of the gravity of the cooling liquid under the action of the rotor rotating to drive the cooling liquid to splash, the cooling device is arranged outside the shell 1, and cooling is carried out by the cooling device and then is continuously collected into the oil collecting tank, so that the cooling device is circulated and reciprocated to realize heat dissipation in the working process of the motor.

Optionally, a plurality of liquid inlets are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 in the same direction, and a plurality of liquid outlets are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft in the same direction.

Specifically, among the multiunit coolant liquid mouth, a plurality of inlet are along the axial syntropy setting of pivot 3, and a plurality of liquid outlets are along the axial syntropy setting of pivot 3, so more be convenient for the liquid pump be connected with a plurality of inlet, the liquid pump of being convenient for pumps in with the coolant liquid pump casing 1.

Optionally, the distance between the permanent magnet 4 and the electro-magnetic element 5 is not less than 10cm.

Specifically, the distance between the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electric excitation piece 5 is not smaller than 10cm, so that mutual interference between a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet piece 4 and a magnetic field generated by the electric excitation piece 5 is avoided, and the reliability of power output of the motor is ensured.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the gap between the coolant ports at both ends of the stator winding 2 and the ends of the magnetic member is not more than 10cm.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the distance between the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b and the end of the permanent magnet piece 4 is not more than 10cm, and the distance between the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b and the end of the electro-magnetic piece 5 is not more than 10cm, so that after the cooling liquid enters the shell 1, the cooling liquid can splash onto the side walls of the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electro-magnetic piece 5 or splash onto the end surfaces of the permanent magnet piece 4 and the electro-magnetic piece 5, and further the cooling and heat dissipation effects are improved.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the stator winding 2 has a size larger than that of the magnetic member in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, the size of the stator winding 2 is larger than the size of the magnetic element, that is, the size of the stator winding 2 is larger than the sum of the sizes of the magnetic element and the electric excitation element 5, so that the magnetic leakage phenomenon of the magnetic element when rotating under the action of the rotating magnetic field can be avoided, the waste of electric power resources is avoided, and the power output capacity of the motor is improved.

Optionally, the size of the permanent magnet member 4 is larger than the size of the electro-magnetic member 5 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3.

Specifically, the size of the permanent magnet 4 is larger than that of the electro-magnetic element 5 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, so that the processing cost of the motor can be further controlled on the basis of meeting the high-speed power output of the motor.

Optionally, the permanent magnet member 4 includes a plurality of permanent magnet pieces, and the plurality of permanent magnet pieces are inserted into the rotating shaft 3 along a radial direction of the rotating shaft 3.

Specifically, the permanent magnetic member 4 includes a plurality of permanent magnetic pieces, which may be made of permanent magnetic materials such as metal, ferrite, neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt, and alnico, and the embodiment is not limited thereto. The rotating shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and each clamping groove is internally provided with a permanent magnet sheet, so that a permanent magnet is formed, the magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet is more uniform and stable, the stable rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is facilitated, and the reliability of the power output of the motor is ensured.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, which comprises a whole vehicle controller and the motor of any one of the above; the whole vehicle controller is electrically connected with the motor and used for detecting the output power of the motor; under the condition that the output power does not exceed a threshold value, the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece 5 to be powered off, and controls the cooling liquid port positioned at one end of the stator winding 2 and the cooling liquid port positioned in the middle of the stator winding 2 to be opened; and under the condition that the output power exceeds a threshold value, the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece 5 to be electrified, and controls the cooling liquid ports at two ends of the stator winding 2 and the cooling liquid ports at the middle part of the stator winding 2 to be opened.

Specifically, the vehicle includes a vehicle controller and the motor of the foregoing embodiment, where the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the motor and is configured to detect output power of the motor, where the output power of the motor is determined according to a running road condition and a load of the vehicle, and if the vehicle runs in a relatively gentle road condition and is in a retarded running state, the output power of the motor is relatively low, and if the vehicle runs in a relatively severe road condition such as climbing, and is in an accelerated running state, the output power of the motor is relatively high; correspondingly, if the load of the vehicle is smaller, such as fewer drivers and passengers, lighter goods, etc., the output power of the motor is lower, and if the load of the vehicle is larger, such as more drivers and heavier goods, etc., the output power of the motor is higher. In the present embodiment, a state in which the motor output power does not exceed the threshold is referred to as a low power state, and a state in which the motor output power exceeds the threshold, which may be set according to the actual running requirement of the vehicle, is referred to as a high power state, and the specific size of the present embodiment is not limited. For example, based on daily driving requirements, the threshold value is set to be 50KW, and the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece 5 to be powered off under the condition that the output power does not exceed 50KW, the power output range of the motor is smaller, and the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece 5 to be powered on under the condition that the output power exceeds 50KW, and the power output range of the motor is larger. Of course, the setting of the power threshold is dependent on the vehicle demand, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

Further, under the condition that the output power of the motor does not exceed 50KW, the whole vehicle controller controls the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b and the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b to be opened, cooling liquid is injected into the shell 1 through the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b and the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b, cooling of the stator winding 2 and the permanent magnet 4 is realized, and therefore the oil inlet quantity is controlled by controlling the quantity of the cooling liquid ports, so that the purpose of energy conservation is achieved; under the condition that the output power exceeds 50KW, the whole vehicle controller controls and controls the first group of cooling liquid ports 11a and 11b, the second group of cooling liquid ports 12a and 12b and the third group of cooling liquid ports 13a and 13b to be opened, and the three groups of cooling liquid ports can be used for injecting cooling liquid into the shell 1, so that cooling of the stator winding 2, the permanent magnet 4 and the electric excitation piece 5 is realized, the oil inlet amount is increased by increasing the number of the cooling liquid ports, the cooling effect is improved, and the working efficiency of the motor is ensured. In this embodiment, the opening or closing of the cooling liquid ports controlled by the vehicle controller can be realized through electromagnetic valves, each cooling liquid port is connected with an electromagnetic valve, and the opening or closing of the cooling liquid ports can be realized by the vehicle controller through controlling the on-off state of the electromagnetic valves.

Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises the element.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An electric machine, characterized by comprising a shell, and a stator and a rotor arranged in the shell;

The stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding arranged on the stator core;

the rotor is arranged in the stator and rotates relative to the stator;

The rotor comprises a rotating shaft and magnetic pieces arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the magnetic pieces comprise permanent magnetic pieces and electric excitation pieces, and the permanent magnetic pieces and the electric excitation pieces are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft;

At least three groups of cooling liquid ports are arranged on the shell, are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and are respectively positioned at the two ends and the middle part of the stator winding;

Under the condition that the electric excitation piece is powered off, the cooling liquid port positioned at one end of the stator winding close to the permanent magnet piece and the cooling liquid port positioned in the middle of the stator winding are opened, and under the condition that the electric excitation piece is powered on, all the cooling liquid ports are opened.

2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein a projection of the coolant port in the middle of the stator winding along the radial direction of the shaft is located between the permanent magnet member and the electrically excited member.

3. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein each set of the cooling fluid ports includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet being disposed opposite each other along a radial direction of the shaft.

4. A motor according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the liquid inlets are disposed in the same direction along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of the liquid outlets are disposed in the same direction along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

5. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein a spacing between the permanent magnet member and the electrically energized member is not less than 10cm.

6. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein a spacing between the coolant ports at both ends of the stator winding and the ends of the magnetic member is no more than 10cm.

7. The motor of claim 1, wherein the stator winding has a size greater than the size of the magnetic member in an axial direction of the rotating shaft.

8. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet member has a size larger than that of the electrically excited member in an axial direction of the rotating shaft.

9. The motor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet member comprises a plurality of permanent magnet pieces, the plurality of permanent magnet pieces being inserted into the rotating shaft in a radial direction of the rotating shaft.

10. A vehicle comprising a vehicle control unit and an electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

The whole vehicle controller is electrically connected with the motor and used for detecting the output power of the motor;

Under the condition that the output power does not exceed a threshold value, the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece to be powered off, and controls the cooling liquid port positioned at one end of the stator winding and the cooling liquid port positioned in the middle of the stator winding to be opened;

and under the condition that the output power exceeds a threshold value, the whole vehicle controller controls the electric excitation piece to be electrified, and controls the cooling liquid ports at two ends of the stator winding and the cooling liquid ports at the middle part of the stator winding to be opened.