CN220892231U - Combustion equipment of opposed combustion coal-fired boiler - Google Patents
Combustion equipment of opposed combustion coal-fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN220892231U CN220892231U CN202322288044.6U CN202322288044U CN220892231U CN 220892231 U CN220892231 U CN 220892231U CN 202322288044 U CN202322288044 U CN 202322288044U CN 220892231 U CN220892231 U CN 220892231U
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses combustion equipment of a opposed firing coal-fired boiler, which comprises a layer of fuel-saving ignition burners and more than one layer of cyclone burners which are respectively arranged on a front wall and a rear wall, wherein each layer of burners comprises a plurality of burners, and the lowest layer of burners and the uppermost layer of burners on the front wall and the rear wall are arranged at equal elevations; one layer of oil-saving ignition burners respectively arranged on the front wall and the rear wall are longitudinally adjacent and staggered, wherein one layer of oil-saving ignition burner is the lowest layer of burner; each oil-saving ignition burner comprises a primary air pipe, an inner barrel and a secondary air pipe which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the primary air pipe is more than two stages of diameter-expanding pipes, and an oil-saving ignition device is arranged in a small-diameter pipe at the outer end of each diameter-expanding pipe; the utility model can ensure the normal ignition start and operation of the boiler under the normal operation and low load working conditions, optimize the flow field in the hearth, solve the problems of large slag quantity, ash bucket abrasion and the like, and realize flexible adjustment and efficient combustion.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to a combustion apparatus for a boiler, in particular for a opposed firing coal-fired boiler.
Background
In order to save energy and reduce the ignition cost of the coal-fired boiler, a micro-oil ignition device or a plasma ignition device is arranged in an oil-saving ignition burner of the coal-fired boiler and is used for ignition in the ignition stage, and according to the principle of the oil-saving ignition device, ignition is performed in an inner cylinder of the burner in advance through concentration of coal powder, so that the purpose of oil-saving ignition is achieved, and the ignition is switched to the coal-fired burner for use after successful ignition. 2-4 layers of burners are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the opposite-flow combustion pulverized coal boiler respectively, and each layer is 4-8 burners; each burner can be independently organized for combustion, and each coal mill usually corresponds to one layer of burner; as shown in FIG. 1, the present combustion equipment of the opposed firing coal-fired boiler is generally provided with an oil-saving ignition burner 51 at the lowest layer of the front wall and the rear wall, a plasma or micro-oil ignition device 52 in the oil-saving ignition burner is used for starting the boiler, and all other layers are swirl burners 53; because the fuel-saving ignition burner 51 adopts an internal combustion type structure, the fuel-saving ignition burner is fundamentally different from a diffusion combustion mode that the cyclone burner 53 forms high-temperature smoke entrainment at the burner outlet after multi-stage concentration, and after the ignition of the fuel-saving ignition device is successfully switched to a pulverized coal burner, the pulverized coal concentration degree is reduced at the burner outlet, the early stage ignition is slow, the burnout degree is low, the flame is long, the phenomena of strong impact of flame on impact and serious powder falling occur, and the problems of large boiler bottom slag quantity, ash bucket abrasion, aggravation of high-temperature corrosion of a side wall and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides combustion equipment of a opposed firing coal-fired boiler, which can ensure the ignition start and normal operation of the boiler under normal operation and low-load working conditions, optimize the flow field in a hearth, solve the problems of large slag quantity, ash bucket abrasion and the like, and realize flexible adjustment and efficient combustion.
In order to achieve the purpose, the combustion equipment of the opposed firing coal-fired boiler comprises a layer of fuel-saving ignition burners and more than one layer of cyclone burners which are respectively arranged on a front wall and a rear wall, wherein each layer of burners comprises a plurality of burners, and the lowest layer of burners and the uppermost layer of burners on the front wall and the rear wall are arranged at equal elevations; the method is characterized in that: one layer of oil-saving ignition burners respectively arranged on the front wall and the rear wall are longitudinally adjacent and staggered, wherein one layer of oil-saving ignition burner is the lowest layer of burner; each oil-saving ignition burner comprises a primary air pipe, an inner barrel and a secondary air pipe which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the primary air pipe is more than two stages of diameter-expanding pipes, and an oil-saving ignition device is arranged in a small-diameter pipe at the outer end of each diameter-expanding pipe.
When in ignition, primary air and concentrated coal dust are introduced into the primary air pipe, and the oil-saving ignition device is beneficial to ignition in advance in the diameter-expanding pipe, so that the aim of oil-saving ignition is fulfilled; after the combustion of the furnace is stable, the fuel-saving ignition device is stopped, because the fuel-saving ignition burners on the front wall and the rear wall are adjacently and alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction, high-temperature flue gas generated by the cyclone burner opposite to the fuel-saving ignition burner can drive unburned particles in the fuel-saving ignition burner to burn again in a hearth, the combustion of the fuel-saving ignition burner is enhanced, the retention time is prolonged, the burnout of coal dust is promoted through a tissue flow field, the bottom slag content is reduced, the ash bucket abrasion is reduced while the bottom slag carbon content is reduced, and meanwhile, the flame center can be adjusted by the fuel-saving ignition burner which is alternately arranged, so that the hearth temperature can be uniform, and the deep peak regulation and the efficient combustion are facilitated; when the low load is stable, the operation of the different layers of burners is carried out, so that one layer of fuel-saving ignition burner is always kept in the running state, and the running safety of the boiler is ensured;
As a further improvement of the utility model, the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with two layers of cyclone burners, and middle burners on the front wall and the rear wall are arranged at different heights in the longitudinal direction; the flow field in the hearth can be more effectively organized to form an unburnt particle secondary entrainment zone, so that combustion in the hearth is enhanced, the bottom slag amount is further reduced, and ash bucket abrasion is reduced;
As a further improvement of the utility model, three layers of cyclone burners are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall, the distance between the first layer of burner and the second layer of burner on the front wall and the rear wall is equal to the distance between the third layer of burner and the fourth layer of burner, and the distance is smaller than the distance between the second layer of burner and the third layer of burner; the distance between the middle-layer burners is increased, so that the combustion condition in the hearth is improved, and high-efficiency combustion is realized;
As a further improvement of the utility model, three layers of cyclone burners are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall, and the distance between two adjacent layers of burners in the four layers of burners on the front wall and the rear wall is increased from bottom to top in sequence; the ignition speed of the fuel-saving ignition device is increased, and the operation efficiency and stability of the burner are improved;
In conclusion, the utility model can ensure the normal ignition start and operation of the boiler under the normal operation and low-load working conditions, optimize the flow field in the hearth, solve the problems of large slag quantity, ash bucket abrasion and the like, and realize flexible adjustment and efficient combustion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion apparatus of a conventional opposed firing coal-fired boiler.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the fuel-efficient ignition burner of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of FIG. 2 during low load conditions.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present utility model.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the combustion apparatus of the opposed firing coal-fired boiler of this embodiment includes a layer of fuel-saving ignition burners 1 and two layers of swirl burners 2, 3 provided on a front wall, a layer of fuel-saving ignition burners 4 and two layers of swirl burners 5, 6 provided on a rear wall, each layer of fuel-saving ignition burners or swirl burners including a plurality of burners, the fuel-saving ignition burners 1, 4 provided on the front wall and the rear wall respectively being longitudinally adjacent and staggered, wherein the fuel-saving ignition burners 1 on the front wall are the lowest layer burners, which are arranged at equal level with the swirl burners 5 on the lowest layer on the rear wall, the swirl burners 3 on the uppermost layer on the front wall and the swirl burners 6 on the uppermost layer on the rear wall are arranged at equal level, and the fuel-saving ignition burners 2 and 4 located on the middle layer are also arranged at equal level; each oil-saving ignition burner 1 or 4 comprises a primary air pipe 7, an inner barrel 8, an inner secondary air pipe 9 and an outer secondary air pipe 10 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the primary air pipe 7 is a two-stage diameter-expanding pipe, and an oil-saving ignition device 11 is arranged in a small-diameter pipe at the outer end of the diameter-expanding pipe;
The oil-saving ignition device 11 can be a micro-oil ignition device or a plasma ignition device; when in ignition, primary air and concentrated coal powder are introduced into a primary air pipe 7 of a layer of oil-saving ignition burner 1 positioned at the lowest layer on the front wall, and a small diameter pipe in the diameter-expanding pipe is ignited by an oil-saving ignition device 11 and is favorable for ignition in advance after passing through two-stage diameter-expanding pipes, so that the purpose of oil-saving ignition is achieved; the pulverized coal enters a hearth after being combusted in the fuel-saving ignition burner 1, the temperature of the hearth is increased, after the temperature of flue gas in the hearth reaches more than 800 ℃, the pulverized coal is put into an opposite layer of cyclone burner 5, and then the fuel-saving ignition burner 4 positioned in the middle layer is put into operation, and then the pulverized coal burners in other layers are put into operation; after the combustion of the furnace is stable, the fuel-saving ignition device 11 is stopped, the fuel-saving ignition burners 1 and 4 are switched into pulverized coal burners, the self-stabilizing combustion capacity is weaker, the burnout degree is lower, the fuel-saving ignition burners 1 and 4 on the front wall and the rear wall are arranged adjacently and alternately in the longitudinal direction, the self-stabilizing combustion capacity of the cyclone burners 5 or 2 opposite to the fuel-saving ignition burners is strong, the combustion intensity is high, the generated high-temperature flue gas can drive unburned particles in the fuel-saving ignition burners 1 and 4 to burn again in a hearth, the combustion of the fuel-saving ignition burners is enhanced, the retention time is prolonged, the burnout of the pulverized coal is promoted through a tissue flow field, the carbon content of bottom slag is reduced, the slag content of the bottom slag is reduced, the abrasion of ash hoppers is reduced, and meanwhile, the fuel-saving ignition burners arranged alternately can adjust the flame center, the hearth temperature can be uniform, and the deep peak regulation and the efficient combustion are facilitated; when the low load is stable, as shown in fig. 4, the flame center can be adjusted while the combustion is effectively stable by keeping the lowest layer of oil-saving ignition burner 1 and the cyclone burner 5 in the running state, so that the running safety of the boiler is ensured;
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that: the lowest layer of the oil-saving ignition burner 21 is arranged on the rear wall, the front wall of the oil-saving ignition burner 22 is arranged on the middle layer, and the rear wall of the oil-saving ignition burner 21 is started at present during ignition, so that the same technical effect as the embodiment can be realized;
Example III
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that: the cyclone burner 2 and the oil-saving ignition burner 4 which are positioned at the middle layer are arranged at different heights in the longitudinal direction; the two layers of cyclone burners 2 and the oil-saving ignition burner 4 can more effectively organize the flow field in the hearth to form an unburnt particle secondary entrainment zone 23, strengthen the combustion in the furnace, further reduce the bottom slag amount and reduce the ash bucket abrasion;
example IV
As shown in fig. 7, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the front wall is provided with a layer of fuel-saving ignition burner 31 and three layers of swirl burners 32, 33 and 34, the rear wall is provided with a layer of fuel-saving ignition burner 35 and three layers of swirl burners 36, 37 and 38, the four layers of burners on the front wall and the rear wall are equally and highly arranged, the distance between the first layer of burner and the second layer of burner on the front wall and the rear wall is equal to the distance between the third layer of burner and the fourth layer of burner, the distance a is smaller than the distance b between the second layer of burner and the third layer of burner; the distance b between the two middle-layer burners is increased, so that the combustion condition in the hearth is improved, and high-efficiency combustion is realized;
Example five
As shown in fig. 8, this embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that: the distances H1, H2 and H3 between two adjacent layers of burners in the four layers of burners on the front wall and the rear wall are sequentially increased from bottom to top; the ignition speed of the two oil-saving ignition devices 41 and 42 is increased, and the operation efficiency and stability of the burner are improved;
The foregoing embodiments have been described with the understanding that they are merely for the purpose of illustration and description and are not intended to limit the utility model to the embodiments described.
Claims (4)
1. The combustion equipment of the opposed firing coal-fired boiler comprises a layer of fuel-saving ignition burners and more than one layer of cyclone burners which are respectively arranged on a front wall and a rear wall, wherein each layer of burners comprises a plurality of burners, and the lowest layer of burners and the uppermost layer of burners on the front wall and the rear wall are arranged at equal elevations; the method is characterized in that: one layer of oil-saving ignition burners respectively arranged on the front wall and the rear wall are longitudinally adjacent and staggered, wherein one layer of oil-saving ignition burner is the lowest layer of burner; each oil-saving ignition burner comprises a primary air pipe, an inner barrel and a secondary air pipe which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the primary air pipe is more than two stages of diameter-expanding pipes, and an oil-saving ignition device is arranged in a small-diameter pipe at the outer end of each diameter-expanding pipe.
2. A combustion apparatus of a opposed firing coal-fired boiler as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with two layers of cyclone burners, and middle layer burners on the front wall and the rear wall are arranged at different heights in the longitudinal direction.
3. A combustion apparatus of a opposed firing coal-fired boiler as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with three layers of cyclone burners, the distance between the first layer of burners and the second layer of burners on the front wall and the rear wall is equal to the distance between the third layer of burners and the fourth layer of burners, and the distance is smaller than the distance between the second layer of burners and the third layer of burners.
4. A combustion apparatus of a opposed firing coal-fired boiler as set forth in claim 1, wherein: three layers of cyclone burners are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall, and the distance between two adjacent layers of burners in the four layers of burners on the front wall and the rear wall is sequentially increased from bottom to top.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322288044.6U CN220892231U (en) | 2023-08-24 | 2023-08-24 | Combustion equipment of opposed combustion coal-fired boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322288044.6U CN220892231U (en) | 2023-08-24 | 2023-08-24 | Combustion equipment of opposed combustion coal-fired boiler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220892231U true CN220892231U (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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ID=90876574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322288044.6U Active CN220892231U (en) | 2023-08-24 | 2023-08-24 | Combustion equipment of opposed combustion coal-fired boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220892231U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-24 CN CN202322288044.6U patent/CN220892231U/en active Active
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