CN220862334U

CN220862334U - Composite steel rail

Info

Publication number: CN220862334U
Application number: CN202322704770.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶功明; 周清跃; 朱军; 冯伟; 张雪峰; 陈敏; 赵刚; 李波
Original assignee: Pangang Group Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd; Pangang Group Xichang Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd
Current assignee: Pangang Group Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd; Pangang Group Xichang Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-09
Filing date: 2023-10-09
Publication date: 2024-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-09

Abstract

The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the field of steel rolling, and discloses a composite steel rail, wherein a steel rail is formed by processing steel billets, and a groove is formed in the head of the steel rail; and embedding stainless steel strips matched with the grooves in shape in the grooves to form the conductive strips. The method and the device can fully ensure the durability of the stainless steel bar in the service period of the steel rail, and the conditions that the stainless steel bar falls off and is worn out in the service period of the steel rail can not occur. The rolling method for the stainless steel composite steel rail for track conduction effectively solves the problems of complex composite casting technology and high surface overlaying cost of finished products. The stainless steel composite rail with the electric conductivity is realized in the hot rolling mode in a hot rolling composite mode, so that the troublesome problem of cold crack generation caused by unbalanced heating and cooling in the track overlaying process before the track overlaying process inevitably generates welding residual stress deformation is solved.

Description

Composite steel rail

Technical Field

The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of steel rolling, in particular to a composite steel rail.

Background

The rail is a channel for transmitting train operation information in a track circuit system, natural corrosion of the railway rail can change at any time under the open natural environment, and particularly the phenomenon that the train passes through fewer tracks in a station is more common. Oxide (rust) increases the shunt resistance, and is a main cause of poor shunt information of the track circuit. Potential safety hazards brought to driving caused by poor shunt information of track circuits in stations are required to be paid attention to and solved.

The prior mature scheme is to continuously build up stainless steel with a certain width on the tread of the steel rail, thereby meeting the branching requirement of the existing track circuit and having enough wear resistance. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the steel rail is installed above the roadbed 5, the contact position between the bottom of the hub 1 and the steel rail is a welding bead 2, a fusion zone 3 and a heat affected zone 4, the welding bead 2 on the rail surface is a straight line, the welding bead 2 is located at the center line or the inner circular arc of the rail surface, the contact position between the rim of the hub 1 and the steel rail is the closest contact position, and the welding bead size is as follows: the width of the welding bead is 10mm plus or minus 2mm, the fusion depth of the welding bead and the steel rail is less than 2.5mm, and the height of the surfacing layer higher than the rail surface is less than 2.5mm. However, this solution has the disadvantage that: the track overlaying welding inevitably generates welding residual deformation due to unbalanced heating and cooling in the welding process, so that cold cracks are generated, and meanwhile, a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted due to the later overlaying welding of a stainless steel layer, and instability can be brought to train operation due to the fact that the part of the track overlaying welding is higher than the track surface.

The other scheme is a composite casting mode of casting a layer of stainless steel on the surface of a casting blank during continuous casting, but the composite casting scheme is difficult to realize because of the difference of materials of the stainless steel and the rail steel and the poor fusion degree of the stainless steel casting and the rail steel casting.

Therefore, how to prepare a finished steel rail with a stainless steel belt on the surface and maintain stable structure and performance during production is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of utility model

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a composite steel rail to solve or alleviate one or more of the above technical problems in the prior art.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a composite rail formed by processing a steel billet, the rail having a groove at a head portion thereof; and embedding stainless steel strips matched with the grooves in shape in the grooves to form the conductive strips.

In one possible implementation, the dimensions of the grooves are calculated from the dimensions of the desired conductive strip and the theoretical elongation coefficient.

In one possible implementation, the dimensions of the stainless steel strip are back-deduced from the dimensions of the desired conductive strip and the head extension coefficient of the rail during rolling.

In one possible implementation, the stainless steel strip is pushed in by the end of the groove, inlaid into the groove;

and sealing the surface and the end of the groove inlaid with the stainless steel bars.

In one possible implementation, the grooves are symmetrically formed in two along the center line of the steel rail.

In one possible implementation, the length of the stainless steel strip is less than the length of the groove.

In one possible implementation, the steel blank is a casting.

In one possible implementation, the groove is an inverted T-shaped dovetail groove, and the stainless steel strip is a T-shaped steel strip that mates with the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have the following advantageous effects: the inverted "T" dovetail structure of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure avoids overflow and drop-off of the stainless steel strip during rolling extrusion. The method and the device can fully ensure the durability of the stainless steel bar in the service period of the steel rail, and the conditions that the stainless steel bar falls off and is worn out in the service period of the steel rail can not occur. The rolling method for the stainless steel composite steel rail for track conduction effectively solves the problems of complex composite casting technology and high surface overlaying cost of finished products. The stainless steel composite rail with the electric conductivity is realized in the hot rolling mode in a hot rolling composite mode, so that the troublesome problem of cold crack generation caused by unbalanced heating and cooling in the track overlaying process before the track overlaying process inevitably generates welding residual stress deformation is solved.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the rolling method of the stainless steel composite steel rail is realized in the hot rolling process, so that the later surfacing and processing cost is greatly saved, and the stainless steel conductor formed by one-time rolling is excellent in conductivity.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, through a hot rolling compounding mode, a large number of tests prove that the stainless steel compound steel rail hot rolling method is stable in specification and performance of the produced stainless steel compound steel rail for track conduction, and the embodiment is a domestic initiative and has a revolutionary meaning for improving and improving the circuit conduction performance and has a wide market popularization prospect.

The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the accompanying drawings of the specification. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are merely examples of the disclosure and that other drawings may be derived from them without undue effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art rail construction;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art rail in contact with a steel hub;

fig. 3 is a flowchart of a composite rail rolling method of the present exemplary embodiment;

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a steel slab inlaid with a stainless steel bar according to the present exemplary embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a three-dimensional structure of a rail having a conductive belt according to the present exemplary embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rail having a conductive strip according to the present exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rolling inheritance relationship between a casting blank and a steel rail finished product in the present exemplary embodiment;

fig. 8 is an elevation view of a steel slab inlaid with a stainless steel bar according to the present exemplary embodiment;

fig. 9 is a front view of a rail having a conductive strip in accordance with the present exemplary embodiment;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the stainless steel strip of the present exemplary embodiment;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the conductive tape of the present exemplary embodiment.

In the figure: 1. a hub; 2. welding; 3. a fusion zone; 4. a heat affected zone; 5. roadbed; 6. a steel billet; 7. stainless steel bars; 8. a conductive tape; 9. a steel rail; 10. and welding spots.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the aspects of the disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known technical solutions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.

Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software or in one or more hardware units or integrated circuits or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.

The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are exemplary only and not necessarily all steps are included. For example, some steps may be decomposed, and some steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented, for example, in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.

Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or sub-modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or sub-modules that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, but may include other steps or sub-modules that are not expressly listed.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a composite rail rolling method of the present exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 3, the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a composite rail rolling method including:

S1, machining a groove at a position of a billet corresponding to the head of a steel rail finished product;

s2, embedding stainless steel bars matched with the grooves in shape in the grooves;

And S3, rolling the stainless steel strip and the steel billet to form a steel rail finished product with the conductive belt.

Specifically, before the groove is processed at the position of the billet corresponding to the head of the steel rail finished product, the method comprises the following steps:

and calculating the size of the groove according to the size of the required conductive belt and the theoretical extension coefficient.

The stainless steel composite steel rail rolling method for track conduction provided by the embodiment effectively solves the problems of complex composite casting technology, high finished product surface overlaying cost and low efficiency, the stainless steel composite steel rail hot rolling method is successful through a large number of tests, and the produced stainless steel composite steel rail for track conduction has stable specification and has revolutionary significance for improving the line conductivity and has wide market popularization prospect.

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, an inverted-T dovetail groove is machined at a position of a steel billet 6 corresponding to a conductive strip 8 at the head of a steel rail 9, a T-shaped stainless steel strip is embedded in the inverted-T dovetail groove, the stainless steel strip and a steel billet substrate are hot rolled and compounded through the existing steel rail rolling process (heating, descaling, cogging, rough rolling, finish rolling, hot sawing and straightening), a stainless steel conductive strip is formed by rolling and extending the surface of the finished product, the rolled finished product is as shown in fig. 5, the existing track circuit shunt requirement is met, corrosion cannot be generated due to the stainless steel characteristic of the conductive strip in the operation process, and meanwhile, the stainless steel strip has enough wear resistance and can play a long-term and stable conductive effect.

In this embodiment, a rolling method for producing a conductive stainless steel composite rail of the current 60kg/m standard rail from a 280×380 section steel billet is taken as an example, and the method is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and includes the following steps:

(1) Processing a steel billet: according to the rolling inheritance relation of the casting blank and the steel rail finished product (as shown in fig. 7, the left side is the casting blank, the right side is the steel rail finished product, the a-v marks on the casting blank represent all positions of the casting blank and correspond to the a-v marks on the steel rail finished product one by one), inverted T-shaped dovetail groove processing is carried out on the corresponding positions of the corresponding surfaces of the steel blank, the dovetail groove size is calculated according to the required conductive strip size and the theoretical extension coefficient, the dovetail groove processing size is designed according to a certain scaling coefficient in the width direction of the calculated actual size so as to be installed in place, and the purpose of processing the dovetail groove into the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove is to prevent the T-shaped stainless steel strip from being extruded and separated in the hot rolling process, so that the dovetail groove can be fully extended in the dovetail groove.

(2) After the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove is processed on the steel billet, processing stainless steel T-shaped strips with corresponding dimensions, reversely pushing the dimensions of the stainless steel T-shaped strips according to the required dimensions of the conductive strips and the extension coefficient of the head of the steel rail in the rolling process, and calculating the top width, the bottom width and the height of the section of the stainless steel T-shaped strips, wherein the length of the stainless steel T-shaped strips is 20-40mm shorter than that of the dovetail groove.

(3) And (3) pickling after the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove on the steel billet is processed and before the T-shaped stainless steel bar is assembled, and cleaning foreign matters such as dust deposit and oxides in the dovetail groove, so as to ensure the fit degree of the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove and the stainless steel bar in the rolling process.

(4) Pushing the processed T-shaped stainless steel bar into the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove from the end part, ensuring the tight and firm bonding surface, and leaving 10-20mm at the end part for sealing and repairing the end part.

(5) After the embedding is finished, the surface and the end part are sealed, and the sealing is made of stainless steel welding rods, and the material is consistent with that of the T-shaped stainless steel bars.

(6) The T-shaped stainless steel strip is made of stainless steel with good ductility, and can be fully extended in the dovetail groove in the rolling process and is hot-rolled and compounded with the billet matrix.

(7) After the processing and the assembly are completed, the stainless steel composite steel rail with the electric conduction performance is rolled through the existing steel rail rolling process flow (heating, descaling, cogging, rough rolling, finish rolling, hot sawing and straightening).

If the steel rail needs to be replaced, the conductive belt on the tread of the steel rail can be made into two strips symmetrical to the central line of the rail head, and the other conductive belt is made by the same method.

Specifically, before embedding the stainless steel strip matched with the groove in shape in the groove, the method comprises the following steps:

and reversely pushing out the size of the stainless steel strip according to the size of the required conductive belt and the extension coefficient of the head of the steel rail finished product in the rolling process.

Specifically, after the groove is processed at the position of the billet corresponding to the head of the steel rail finished product, the method comprises the following steps:

and pickling the groove, and removing foreign matters in the groove.

Specifically, inlay the stainless steel strip that matches with recess shape in the recess includes:

pushing the stainless steel bar into the groove from the end part of the groove, and embedding the stainless steel bar into the groove;

Specifically, the grooves are symmetrically formed in two along the center line of the billet.

Specifically, the length of the stainless steel strip (the length of the stainless steel strip in the rail laying direction) is smaller than the length of the groove.

Specifically, the steel billet is a casting.

Specifically, the groove is provided with an inverted T-shaped dovetail groove, and the stainless steel bar is a T-shaped steel bar matched with the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove.

The method for rolling the stainless steel composite steel rail provided by the embodiment is that two conductive strips corresponding to the steel rail head of a steel billet are processed into an inverted T-shaped dovetail groove, T-shaped stainless steel strips are embedded in the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove, the stainless steel and a steel billet substrate are hot rolled and compounded through the existing steel rail rolling process, the surface of a finished product is rolled and extended to form the stainless steel conductive strip, the width of the stainless steel conductive strip is 10mm plus or minus 2mm, the depth is less than 3.5mm, the existing track circuit shunt requirement is met, corrosion cannot be generated due to the stainless steel characteristic of the conductive strip in the operation process, meanwhile, the stainless steel strip has enough wear resistance, and a long-term and stable conductive effect can be achieved, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6. The embodiment exemplarily comprises the following steps:

Rail conductive strap dimensions: on the rail surface of the finished steel rail, the conducting belts are in straight line penetration, the conducting belts are positioned on two sides of the center of the rail surface, and the center of the conducting belts is 23.96mm away from two sides of the center line of the tread of the steel rail. This position is where the rim is most closely in contact with the track, the conductive strip is sized: the width is 10mm plus or minus 3mm (designed according to 10 mm), and the fusion depth of the steel rail is less than 3.5mm (designed according to 3 mm).

According to the rolling inheritance relation (shown in fig. 7) between a casting blank and a steel rail finished product in actual production, the required stainless steel basic size is obtained by calculating according to a steel rail head extension coefficient of 14.18, a widening coefficient of 2.22 and a compression coefficient 7.203: width=10mm×2.22=22.2 mm, thickness=3mm×7.203=21.61 mm, and the rolling deformation is considered comprehensively, so that the stainless steel is prevented from separating from the matrix in the rolling process and the basic size requirement of the finished stainless steel belt is met, and the stainless steel belt is modified into an inverted-T-shaped dovetail structure. The dimensions are modified with follow-up. The T-shaped dovetail groove processing positions are arranged at the positions 38mm on the two sides of the center line of the steel billet according to the rolling inheritance relation between the casting blank and the steel rail finished product, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, and the concrete processing dimensions of the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove and the T-shaped stainless steel are shown in fig. 10 and 11.

The inverted T-shaped dovetail groove and the T-shaped stainless steel are provided with a mounting clearance allowance, and the mounting clearance allowance is 0.1mm, so that the T-shaped stainless steel is ensured to be smoothly mounted in position, and fully extends in the dovetail groove in the hot rolling process.

And (3) after the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove is processed and before the T-shaped stainless steel bar is assembled, pickling with a sulfuric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 10% -20%, and cleaning foreign matters such as dust deposit and oxides in the dovetail groove, so as to ensure that the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove is tightly attached to the stainless steel bar in the rolling process.

The processed T-shaped stainless steel bar is pushed in from the end part and embedded into the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove, so that the tight and firm bonding of the bonding surface is ensured, the end part is reserved for welding repair of the end seal by 20mm, and the position of the welding spot 10 is shown in figure 11.

The T-shaped stainless steel strip is made of 304L stainless steel with good ductility, so that the dovetail groove is fully extended in the rolling process, and the T-shaped stainless steel strip is hot-rolled and compounded with the joint surface of the billet matrix.

After the embedding is finished, the surface and the end part are sealed, a stainless steel welding rod is adopted for sealing, and the welding rod material is consistent with that of a T-shaped stainless steel rod.

After the processing and the assembly are finished, the inverted T-shaped stainless steel strip is rolled and extended into a drum-shaped stainless steel strip through the existing steel rail rolling process flow (heating, descaling, cogging, rough rolling, finish rolling, hot sawing and straightening), the stainless steel strip is embedded in the steel rail head part due to rolling, the root part of the stainless steel strip is embedded in the steel rail, the stability is good, the head part and the tread surface of the steel rail are in smooth transition, and the smoothness and the conductivity are good.

The roll formed stainless steel composite rail with electrical conductivity, as shown in fig. 6, can be directly laid into a wiring application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rail having a conductive strip according to the present exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 6, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a composite rail rolled according to the above-described composite rail rolling method.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above examples, but all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present disclosure belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure. It should be noted that several modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present disclosure should and are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The composite steel rail is characterized in that a steel billet (6) is processed to form a steel rail (9), and a groove is formed in the head position of the steel rail (9); and embedding stainless steel strips (7) matched with the grooves in shape into the grooves to form the conductive strips.

2. A composite rail according to claim 1, wherein:

the size of the groove is calculated according to the size of the required conductive belt and the theoretical extension coefficient.

3. A composite rail according to claim 1, wherein:

The size of the stainless steel strip (7) is reversely deduced according to the size of the required conductive band and the head extension coefficient of the steel rail (9) in the rolling process.

4. A composite rail according to claim 1, comprising:

The stainless steel bar (7) is pushed in from the end part of the groove and is inlaid in the groove;

5. A composite rail according to claim 1, wherein the grooves are symmetrically formed in two along the centre line of the rail (9).

6. A composite rail according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the stainless steel strip (7) is smaller than the length of the groove.

7. A composite rail according to claim 1, wherein the steel blank (6) is a casting.

8. A composite rail according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the groove is an inverted T-shaped dovetail groove and the stainless steel strip (7) is a T-shaped strip matching the inverted T-shaped dovetail groove.