CN220828287U - Pre-combustion chamber structure and internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a precombustor structure and an internal combustion engine, and belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines, wherein the precombustor structure comprises: a spark plug; a fuel injector; the pre-combustion chamber main part is equipped with the pre-combustion chamber in, the upper end of pre-combustion chamber main part is connected with spark plug and fuel injector, spark plug and fuel injector all extend to the pre-combustion chamber in, the lower extreme of pre-combustion chamber has the nozzle, the nozzle intercommunication has bottom orifice and tangential orifice, the axis of bottom orifice and the coaxial setting of axis of nozzle, tangential orifice is tangent with the inner chamber of nozzle, tangential orifice sets up a plurality of tangential orifice and surrounds the nozzle circumference and arrange, when compression stroke piston goes up, so that form stable vortex in the pre-combustion chamber, be favorable to controlling the gas mixture concentration near the spark plug better, reduce the circulation fluctuation, and the risk of fire, the flame can be followed bottom orifice and is penetrated the bottom at main combustion chamber center, be favorable to reducing the dead zone of flame efflux.

Description

Pre-combustion chamber structure and internal combustion engine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a precombustion chamber structure and an internal combustion engine.

Background

In the structure of the internal combustion engine, the precombustion chamber is a small combustion space independent of the main combustion chamber, and the precombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber are communicated through spray holes. The spark plug firstly ignites the combustible mixed gas in the precombustion chamber, the precombustion chamber is firstly ignited to burn to generate high temperature and high pressure, and meanwhile, the high temperature flame is injected into the main combustion chamber through the spray holes by utilizing the high pressure generated by the first ignition in the precombustion chamber, so that the combustion speed in the main combustion chamber is improved, and the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved.

In the related art, spray holes between a precombustion chamber and a main combustion chamber are generally vertically arranged, when a compression stroke piston is in an upward direction, tumble or turbulent flow is easily formed in the precombustion chamber, so that the concentration of mixed gas near a spark plug is difficult to control, and the problems of large cyclic fluctuation and even fire are easily caused.

Disclosure of utility model

The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides a precombustor structure which is beneficial to better controlling the concentration of the mixed gas near the spark plug and reducing the circulation fluctuation.

A prechamber structure according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model comprises: a spark plug; a fuel injector; the device comprises a precombustor main body, wherein a precombustor is arranged in the precombustor main body, the upper end of the precombustor main body is connected with a spark plug and a fuel injector, the spark plug and the fuel injector extend into the precombustor main body, a nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the precombustor main body and is communicated with a bottom spray hole and tangential spray holes, the axis of the bottom spray hole is coaxial with the central axis of the nozzle, the tangential spray holes are tangential to the inner cavity of the nozzle, a plurality of tangential spray holes are arranged, and a plurality of tangential spray holes are circumferentially arranged around the nozzle.

The prechamber structure according to the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the upper end of the precombustor main body is connected with the spark plug and the fuel injector, so that the spark plug and the fuel injector are both extended into the precombustor, the nozzle at the lower end of the precombustor is communicated with the bottom spray holes and the tangential spray holes, the tangential spray holes are arranged in a plurality of ways, the tangential spray holes are circumferentially arranged around the nozzle, when the piston is in a compression stroke, air can be introduced into the precombustor from the tangential spray holes, so that stable vortex is formed in the precombustor, the fuel injector is matched with the operation of the fuel injector, combustible mixed gas is pushed to the spark plug, the concentration of the mixed gas near the spark plug is better controlled, the concentration of the mixed gas is more stable, the circulating fluctuation and the fire risk can be effectively reduced, the combustible mixed gas in the precombustor can be ignited under the action of the spark plug, the precombustor can generate high temperature and high pressure through the ignition combustion in the precombustor, the generated high pressure enables flame to be injected into the main combustion chamber along the tangential spray holes and the bottom spray holes, the flame enters the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray holes, the tangential spray holes are in a rotating state, the auxiliary spray holes are beneficial to improving the propagation speed of the flame in the main combustion chamber, the efficiency of the flame is further improved, the axial line of the main combustion chamber is coaxial with the spray holes, namely the flame is positioned at the bottom of the main combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber is in the bottom, and the flame jet efficiency is better than the main combustion chamber.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the bottom nozzle is a circular hole; and/or the aperture of the bottom nozzle is 1mm.

Optionally, the bottom spray hole is a circular hole, when the compression stroke piston goes up, air can smoothly enter the precombustion chamber along the bottom spray hole, and after the precombustion chamber catches fire and burns, smooth ejection of flame is ensured, dead zone of flame jet is reduced, so that combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber is improved, and combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved; optionally, the aperture of bottom orifice is 1mm, sets up through the aperture of bottom orifice, is favorable to accelerating the speed of flame efflux, accelerates the propagation velocity of flame in the main combustion chamber, improves the combustion efficiency of main combustion chamber.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the tangential spray holes are gradually inclined downwards from inside to outside with the side close to the central axis of the nozzle as the inner side.

The tangential spray hole is gradually inclined downwards from inside to outside by taking one side close to the central axis of the nozzle as the inner side, namely, the axis of the tangential spray hole and the central axis of the nozzle form an included angle, and when the compression stroke piston is in the upward direction, after the precombustion chamber fires and burns, the flame is favorably injected into the main combustion chamber downwards along the inclined angle of the tangential spray hole, and the furthest propagation distance of the flame is favorably shortened.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the axis of the tangential spray orifice is at an angle of 60 ° to 80 ° to the central axis of the nozzle.

Specifically, the included angle between the axis of the tangential spray hole and the central axis of the nozzle is 60-80 degrees, which is beneficial to improving the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber, if the included angle between the axis of the tangential spray hole and the central axis of the nozzle is too small, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder cover is easy to burn, the combustion period is prolonged, the post combustion is serious, and the exhaust temperature is increased; if the included angle between the axis of the tangential spray hole and the central axis of the nozzle is too large, the distance between the jet flame of the tangential spray hole and the jet flame of the spray hole at the bottom is easily increased, the flame propagation distance is increased, the combustion period is prolonged, and the thermal efficiency of the main combustion chamber is reduced.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, six tangential spray holes are provided, and the six tangential spray holes are circumferentially equally spaced.

Specifically, the tangential spray holes are arranged in six, the six tangential spray holes are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference, and when the piston is in the compression stroke, strong and stable vortex is formed in the precombustion chamber, the radius of the vortex is as large as possible, so that the low vortex area in the vortex center in the precombustion chamber is increased, the operation of the fuel injector is matched, the mixed gas is pushed to the upper end of the precombustion chamber, stable combustible mixed gas is formed around the spark plug, the circulation fluctuation is reduced, the concentration of the mixed gas in the precombustion chamber is better controlled, and the combustion speed and intensity in the precombustion chamber are improved, so that stronger jet flame is generated.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the tangential nozzle is a circular hole; and/or the aperture of the tangential spray orifice is 1.5mm.

Optionally, the tangential spray hole is a circular hole, when the compression stroke piston goes up, air can smoothly enter the precombustion chamber along the tangential spray hole, and after the precombustion chamber catches fire and burns, smooth ejection of flame is guaranteed, so that jet flame enters the main combustion chamber in a rotary mode, combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber is improved, and thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved; optionally, the aperture of tangential orifice is 1.5mm, through the aperture setting of tangential orifice, is favorable to accelerating the speed of flame efflux, accelerates the propagation velocity of flame in the main combustion chamber, improves the combustion efficiency of main combustion chamber.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the tangential nozzle is located above the bottom nozzle.

The tangential spray hole is positioned above the bottom spray hole, when the precombustion chamber fires and burns, high-temperature and high-pressure flame generated in the precombustion chamber can be emitted to the main combustion chamber from the tangential spray hole, the flame entering the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray hole is in a rotating state, so that the propagation speed of the flame in the main combustion chamber is improved, the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is further improved, part of the flame is emitted to the main combustion chamber through the bottom spray hole, the dead zone of flame jet flow is reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the direction of extension of the plurality of tangential spray holes is arranged clockwise or counterclockwise.

According to the structure of the precombustion chamber, through the arrangement of the extending directions of the tangential spray holes, strong and stable vortex is formed in the precombustion chamber when the compression stroke piston is arranged, the radius of the vortex is as large as possible, so that the low vortex area in the vortex center in the precombustion chamber is increased, the operation of the fuel injector is matched, the mixed gas is pushed to the upper end of the precombustion chamber, stable combustible mixed gas is formed around the spark plug, the circulation fluctuation is reduced, the concentration of the mixed gas in the precombustion chamber is better controlled, the combustion speed and strength in the precombustion chamber are improved, and stronger jet flame is generated.

An internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the present utility model includes: a prechamber structure according to the first aspect; the main combustion chamber main body, the upper end is connected with the lower extreme of precombustion chamber main body, is equipped with the main combustion chamber in the inside, and the sliding connection has the piston in the main combustion chamber, and tangential orifice and bottom orifice all communicate with the upper end of main combustion chamber.

The internal combustion engine according to the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the upper end of the main combustion chamber main body is connected with the lower end of the precombustion chamber main body, the nozzle of the precombustion chamber is communicated with the upper end of the main combustion chamber, the precombustion chamber is particularly communicated with the main combustion chamber through tangential spray holes and bottom spray holes, the upper end of the precombustion chamber main body is connected with a spark plug and a fuel injector, so that the spark plug and the fuel injector extend into the precombustion chamber, the tangential spray holes are arranged in a plurality, the tangential spray holes are circumferentially arranged around the nozzle, when the compression stroke piston goes up, air can be introduced into the precombustion chamber from the tangential spray holes, so that stable vortex is formed in the precombustion chamber, the combustible mixed gas is pushed to the spark plug in cooperation with the operation of the fuel injector, the concentration of the mixed gas near the spark plug can be controlled better, the circular fluctuation and the risk of fire can be effectively reduced, the combustible mixed gas in the precombustion chamber can be ignited under the action of the spark plug, the combustion in the precombustion chamber generates high temperature and high pressure, the generated high pressure enables the flame to enter the main combustion chamber along the tangential spray holes and the bottom spray holes into the nozzle to the main combustion chamber, the flame enters into the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray holes into a rotating state, the flame in the main combustion chamber, the flame is favorable for improving the flame spreading efficiency in the main combustion chamber, namely, the flame spreading efficiency in the combustion chamber is further favorable to be coaxial with the flame jet from the bottom of the main combustion chamber, and the flame jet is located at the bottom of the main combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber is further the flame jet center is located at the bottom.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the tangential spray hole is gradually inclined downwards from inside to outside by taking one side close to the central axis of the nozzle as the inner side; the upper end of the main combustion chamber main body is provided with a cylinder cover, and the distance between the outer end of the tangential spray hole and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is 1-3 mm.

The interval between the outer end of the tangential spray hole and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is 1-3 mm, which is beneficial to improving the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber, if the interval between the outer end of the tangential spray hole and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is too large, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder cover is easy to burn, the combustion period is prolonged, the post combustion is serious, and the exhaust temperature is increased; if the distance between the outer end of the tangential spray hole and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is too small, the distance between the jet flame of the tangential spray hole and the jet flame of the spray hole at the bottom is easy to increase, the flame propagation distance is increased, the combustion period is prolonged, and the thermal efficiency of the main combustion chamber is reduced.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

The utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prechamber structure according to one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a prechamber structure according to one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a counterclockwise arrangement of a plurality of tangential orifices of a prechamber structure according to one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a clockwise arrangement of a plurality of tangential nozzle holes of a prechamber structure according to another embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a prechamber structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model with a plurality of tangential nozzles arranged counterclockwise;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clockwise arrangement of a plurality of tangential nozzle holes of a prechamber structure according to another embodiment of the utility model.

Reference numerals:

100. a fuel injector;

200. a spark plug;

300. A precombustor body; 310. a precombustion chamber; 311. a nozzle; 312. a head cavity; 313. a channel; 320. tangential spray holes; 330. a bottom nozzle;

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the direction or positional relationship indicated with respect to the description of the orientation, such as up, down, etc., is based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, plural means two or more. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present utility model can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a prechamber structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes: spark plug 200, fuel injector 100, and prechamber body 300.

The prechamber body 300 is provided with a prechamber 310, the prechamber 310 comprises a head cavity 312, a channel 313 and a nozzle 311 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, and the inner diameters of the head cavity 312, the channel 313 and the nozzle 311 are sequentially reduced, that is, the inner diameters of the prechamber 310 are gradually reduced from top to bottom, when the prechamber 310 catches fire and burns, flame can be ejected from the nozzle 311, so that the propagation speed of the flame in the main combustion chamber is improved, and the combustion speed in the main combustion chamber is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, specifically, the upper end of the head cavity 312 is communicated with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are arranged at a left-right interval, the first cavity is used for accommodating the fuel injector 100, the second cavity is used for accommodating the spark plug 200, so that the connection between the pre-combustion chamber main body 300 and the fuel injector 100 and the spark plug 200 is realized, the fuel injector 100 and the spark plug 200 extend into the head cavity 312, when the compression stroke piston is operated, air is introduced into the pre-combustion chamber 310 and pushed to the head cavity 312, the operation of the fuel injector 100 is matched, so that fuel and air are mixed in the head cavity 312 to form combustible mixture, the mixture concentration in the pre-combustion chamber 310 is better controlled, the operation of the spark plug 200 is matched, so that the pre-combustion chamber 310 fires, high-temperature and high-pressure flames change along the inner diameter of the pre-combustion chamber 310, and are injected into the main combustion chamber from the nozzle 311 at the bottom of the pre-combustion chamber 310, so that the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, specifically, the nozzle 311 is communicated with a bottom nozzle 330 and a tangential nozzle 320, where an axis of the bottom nozzle 330 is coaxially disposed with a central axis of the nozzle 311, the bottom nozzle 330 is disposed at the bottom of the nozzle 311, the tangential nozzle 320 is tangential to an inner cavity of the nozzle 311, a plurality of tangential nozzles 320 are disposed, and the plurality of tangential nozzles 320 are circumferentially disposed around the nozzle 311, that is, the bottom nozzle 330 is located in a middle of the plurality of tangential nozzles 320.

In the conventional internal combustion engine structure, in order to successfully ignite the pre-combustion chamber 310, a combustible mixture with a proper concentration needs to be formed near the spark plug 200, the conventional pre-combustion chamber 310 is communicated with the main combustion chamber through a vertically arranged spray hole, and when the piston is in a compression stroke, a tumble flow or a turbulent flow is easily formed in the pre-combustion chamber 310, so that the concentration of the mixture near the spark plug 200 is difficult to control, the concentration of the mixture is unstable, the large circular fluctuation is caused by light weight, and the fire is caused by heavy weight.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the pre-combustion chamber structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model, when the piston is in the compression stroke, air can be introduced into the pre-combustion chamber 310 from the tangential spray hole 320, so that stable vortex is formed in the pre-combustion chamber 310, and in cooperation with the operation of the fuel injector 100, combustible mixed gas is pushed to the spark plug 200, so that the concentration of the mixed gas near the spark plug 200 can be better controlled, cyclic fluctuation can be effectively reduced, the mixed gas in the pre-combustion chamber 310 can be ignited under the action of the spark plug 200, high temperature and high pressure are generated in the pre-combustion chamber 310, the generated high pressure enables flame to be injected into the main combustion chamber along the tangential spray hole 320 and the bottom spray hole 330, the flame entering the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray hole 320 is in a rotating state, the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is further improved, the axis of the bottom spray hole 330 and the central axis of the spray hole 311 are coaxially arranged, namely the bottom spray hole 330 is positioned at the center of the plurality of tangential spray holes 320, the flame can be injected into the bottom of the center of the main combustion chamber from the bottom of the spray hole 330, and the flame dead zone is favorable for improving the flame combustion efficiency.

Referring to fig. 5, it can be understood that, when the tangential nozzle 320 is located above the bottom nozzle 330, after the combustion in the precombustion chamber 310 is on fire, the high-temperature and high-pressure flame generated in the precombustion chamber 310 can be injected into the main combustion chamber from the tangential nozzle 320, the flame entering the main combustion chamber through the tangential nozzle 320 is in a rotating state, which is beneficial to improving the propagation speed of the flame in the main combustion chamber, further improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine, and part of the flame is injected into the main combustion chamber through the bottom nozzle 330, which is beneficial to reducing the dead zone of the flame jet, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, it can be understood that the bottom nozzle 330 and the tangential nozzle 320 are circular holes, that is, the cross sections of the bottom nozzle 330 and the tangential nozzle 320 are circular, so that air can smoothly enter the precombustion chamber 310 along the bottom nozzle 330 and the tangential nozzle 320 when the compression stroke piston is in the upward direction, and after the combustion in the precombustion chamber 310, the smooth ejection of flame through the bottom nozzle 330 and the tangential nozzle 320 can be ensured, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber and the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

Referring to fig. 5, it can be understood that, with a side close to the central axis of the nozzle 311 as the inner side, the tangential spray hole 320 gradually slopes downward from inside to outside, i.e. the axis of the tangential spray hole 320 forms an included angle with the central axis of the nozzle 311, when the precombustion chamber 310 fires and burns on the compression stroke piston, the flame is advantageously injected into the main combustion chamber downward along the slope angle of the tangential spray hole 320, which is advantageous for shortening the furthest propagation distance of the flame and improving the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber.

Referring to fig. 5, specifically, the included angle between the axis of the tangential nozzle 320 and the central axis of the nozzle 311 is 60 ° to 80 °, which is favorable for improving the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber, if the included angle between the axis of the tangential nozzle 320 and the central axis of the nozzle 311 is too small, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder cover is easy to burn slowly, resulting in the increase of the combustion cycle, serious post combustion and increase of the exhaust temperature; if the included angle between the axis of the tangential nozzle 320 and the central axis of the nozzle 311 is too large, the distance between the jet flame of the tangential nozzle 320 and the jet flame of the bottom nozzle 330 is increased, resulting in an increase in flame propagation distance, an increase in combustion cycle, and a decrease in thermal efficiency of the main combustion chamber.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, it can be understood that the tangential spray holes 320 are completely tangential to the inner cavity of the nozzle 311, six tangential spray holes 320 are arranged at equal intervals, and by arranging the tangential spray holes 320, when the piston is in the compression stroke, strong and stable vortex is formed in the pre-chamber 310, and the radius of the vortex is made as large as possible, so that the low vortex area in the vortex center in the channel 313 of the pre-chamber 310 is increased, and the mixture is pushed to the head cavity 312 of the pre-chamber 310, and is matched with the operation of the fuel injector 100, so that stable combustible mixture is formed around the spark plug 200, the cyclic fluctuation is reduced, the concentration of the mixture in the pre-chamber 310 is better controlled, and the combustion speed and strength in the pre-chamber 310 are improved, so as to generate stronger jet flame.

After the combustion in the precombustion chamber 310, the high-temperature and high-pressure flame is injected into the main combustion chamber in a rotating state, so that the propagation speed of the flame in the main combustion chamber is increased, and the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is further improved.

It should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the number of tangential orifices 320 may be set to 4, 5, 7, 8, etc., with the arrangement of tangential orifices 320, it is advantageous to form strong and stable vortices in prechamber 310 and to increase the vortex radius as large as possible when the compression stroke piston is up, thereby increasing the low vortex area of the vortex center in channel 313 of prechamber 310 to push the mixture toward the head cavity 312 of prechamber 310, in conjunction with the operation of fuel injector 100, thereby forming a stable combustible mixture around spark plug 200, facilitating reduced cyclic fluctuations, better control of the mixture concentration in prechamber 310, and increasing the combustion speed and intensity in prechamber 310 to produce a stronger jet flame.

Referring to fig. 1, it can be understood that in the present embodiment, the aperture of the tangential nozzle 320 is 1.5mm, and the setting of the aperture of the tangential nozzle 320 is beneficial to accelerating the propagation speed of flame in the main combustion chamber and improving the combustion efficiency of the main combustion chamber. The aperture of bottom orifice 330 is 1mm, through the aperture setting of bottom orifice 330, is favorable to accelerating the speed of flame efflux, improves the propagation velocity of flame in the main combustion chamber, improves the combustion efficiency of main combustion chamber.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, it can be appreciated that the plurality of tangential spray holes 320 are arranged in a counterclockwise direction, for example, the tangential spray holes 320 located at the front end of the spray nozzle 311 are arranged in a manner that the tangential spray holes 320 at the front end extend to the right, and the arrangement of the plurality of tangential spray holes 320 is beneficial to form strong and stable vortex in the precombustor 310 when the precombustor is on the compression stroke piston, and the radius of the vortex is as large as possible, so that the low vortex area in the vortex center in the channel 313 of the precombustor 310 is increased, and the mixture is pushed to the upper end of the precombustor 310 to cooperate with the operation of the fuel injector 100, so that stable combustible mixture is formed around the spark plug 200, the circular fluctuation is reduced, the concentration of the mixture in the precombustor 310 is better controlled, and the combustion speed and strength in the precombustor 310 are improved, so that stronger jet flame is generated.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the plurality of tangential spray holes 320 are arranged clockwise, such as the tangential spray holes 320 located at the front end of the nozzle 311, and the tangential spray holes 320 located at the front end extend to the left, and the arrangement of the plurality of tangential spray holes 320 in the pre-chamber structure is beneficial to form strong and stable vortex in the pre-chamber 310 and make the radius of the vortex as large as possible when the compression stroke piston is arranged, so as to increase the low vortex area of the vortex center in the channel 313 of the pre-chamber 310, so that the mixture is pushed to the upper end of the pre-chamber 310, and the operation of the fuel injector 100 is matched, thereby forming stable combustible mixture around the spark plug 200, reducing the circulation fluctuation, being beneficial to better controlling the mixture concentration in the pre-chamber 310, and improving the combustion speed and strength in the pre-chamber 310, so as to generate stronger jet flame.

It can be appreciated that the pre-combustion chamber structure further comprises a housing, the housing is connected with the pre-combustion chamber main body 300, a cooling cavity is arranged in the housing, heat exchange is realized between the cooling cavity and the pre-combustion chamber 310 through a wall surface, and cooling medium can flow in the cooling cavity, so that cooling of the pre-combustion chamber 310 is facilitated, and the service life of the pre-combustion chamber main body 300 is prolonged.

An internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes: a main combustion chamber body and a prechamber structure as shown in the above embodiments.

The upper end of the main combustion chamber body is connected with the lower end of the pre-combustion chamber body 300, a main combustion chamber is arranged in the main combustion chamber body, a piston is slidably connected in the main combustion chamber, and the main combustion chamber is communicated with the pre-combustion chamber 310 along with the up-down sliding of the piston, so that the space of the main combustion chamber is reduced or increased.

Specifically, the pre-combustion chamber 310 is communicated with the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray holes 320 and the bottom spray holes 330, the upper end of the pre-combustion chamber main body 300 is connected with the spark plug 200 and the fuel injector 100, so that the spark plug 200 and the fuel injector 100 are both extended into the pre-combustion chamber 310, the tangential spray holes 320 are arranged in a plurality, the tangential spray holes 320 are circumferentially arranged around the spray holes 311, when the compression stroke piston goes up, air can be introduced into the main combustion chamber 310 from the tangential spray holes 320, so that stable vortex is formed in the pre-combustion chamber 310, the operation of the fuel injector 100 is matched, combustible mixed gas is pushed to the spark plug 200, the concentration of the mixed gas near the spark plug 200 is controlled, the mixed gas concentration is more stable, the circulating fluctuation and the risk of fire can be effectively reduced, under the action of the spark plug 200, the mixed gas in the pre-combustion chamber 310 can be ignited, high-temperature high-pressure generated by combustion in the pre-combustion chamber 310, the generated high-pressure flame enters the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray holes 320 and the bottom spray holes 330 along the spray holes, the tangential spray holes 320 are in a rotating state, the flame enters the main combustion chamber through the tangential spray holes 320, the main combustion chamber is in a rotating state, the flame is in a coaxial manner, the flame spreading efficiency of the flame is further is improved, and the flame is further improved, and the flame is in the flame spreading efficiency is more than the flame is in the combustion engine 330, and has a flame spreading direction is more than the flame is in the combustion engine at the bottom of the main combustion chamber, and has a flame combustion engine, and has a flame spreading efficiency is at the flame combustion center 330, and a flame spreading from the bottom.

It can be understood that, taking the side close to the central axis of the nozzle 311 as the inner side, the tangential spraying hole 320 gradually inclines downwards from inside to outside; the upper end of the main combustion chamber body is provided with a cylinder cover, and the distance between the outer end of the tangential spray hole 320 and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is 1-3 mm, so that the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved.

If the interval between the outer end of the tangential spray hole 320 and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is too large, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder cover is easy to burn slowly, the combustion period is prolonged, the post combustion is serious, and the exhaust temperature is increased; if the distance between the outer end of the tangential nozzle 320 and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is too small, the distance between the jet flame of the tangential nozzle 320 and the jet flame of the bottom nozzle 330 is increased, which increases the flame propagation distance, increases the combustion period, and reduces the thermal efficiency of the main combustion chamber.

The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. Prechamber structure, characterized in that it comprises:

A spark plug (200);

A fuel injector (100);

The novel spark plug comprises a pre-combustion chamber main body (300), wherein a pre-combustion chamber (310) is arranged in the pre-combustion chamber main body (300), the upper end of the pre-combustion chamber main body (300) is connected with a spark plug (200) and a fuel injector (100), the spark plug (200) and the fuel injector (100) are both extended into the pre-combustion chamber (310), a nozzle (311) is arranged at the lower end of the pre-combustion chamber (310), a bottom spray hole (330) and a tangential spray hole (320) are communicated with the nozzle (311), the axis of the bottom spray hole (330) is coaxial with the central axis of the nozzle (311), the tangential spray hole (320) is tangential to the inner cavity of the nozzle (311), and a plurality of tangential spray holes (320) are arranged around the circumference of the nozzle (311).

2. The prechamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom nozzle (330) is a circular hole; and/or, the aperture of the bottom spray hole (330) is 1mm.

3. The prechamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tangential spray hole (320) is gradually inclined downwards from inside to outside by taking one side close to the central axis of the nozzle (311) as the inner side.

4. A prechamber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the included angle between the axis of the tangential spray hole (320) and the central axis of the nozzle (311) is 60-80 degrees.

5. The prechamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: six tangential spray holes (320) are arranged, and the six tangential spray holes (320) are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged.

6. The prechamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tangential spray holes (320) are circular holes; and/or, the aperture of the tangential spray hole (320) is 1.5mm.

7. The prechamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tangential nozzle (320) is located above the bottom nozzle (330).

8. The prechamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extending direction of the plurality of tangential spray holes (320) is arranged clockwise or anticlockwise.

9. An internal combustion engine, characterized by comprising:

the prechamber structure according to any of claims 1 to 8;

The main combustion chamber main part, the upper end with the lower extreme of prechamber main part (300) is connected, is equipped with the main combustion chamber in the inside, the sliding connection in main combustion chamber has the piston, tangential orifice (320) with bottom orifice (330) all with the upper end of main combustion chamber communicates.

10. An internal combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein: taking one side close to the central axis of the nozzle (311) as the inner side, wherein the tangential spray hole (320) gradually inclines downwards from inside to outside; the upper end of the main combustion chamber main body is provided with a cylinder cover, and the distance between the outer end of the tangential spray hole (320) and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is 1-3 mm.