CN220817749U - Garbage high-temperature cracking furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cracking furnace which comprises an inner furnace core arranged in the center of the bottom of the cracking furnace and an inner side wall arranged around the inner wall of the cracking furnace; the inner furnace core is arranged above the fire grate and comprises a top cap, a cavity and a base from top to bottom; the upper part of the inner side wall is a hollow cavity plate, a smoke combustion cavity is arranged in the hollow cavity plate, a cavity smoke inlet hole is formed in a base of the combustion cavity, and a base plate is arranged below the cavity plate. The utility model aims to provide a garbage high-temperature cracking furnace which is arranged in the center of a furnace body, so that garbage is prevented from accumulating and agglomerating on a fire grate, garbage is promoted to be fully cracked and combusted, the garbage is fully combusted and does not agglomerate, and harmful gas tail gas is reduced; after the structure is adopted, the construction period is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Garbage high-temperature cracking furnace

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of garbage thermal cracking and incineration treatment, and particularly relates to a garbage high-temperature cracking furnace.

Background

With the continuous development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the number of urban household garbage generation per year is multiplied. The traditional way of disposing of the waste is to construct a landfill site to landfill the waste. The method has a plurality of defects, and the first method is to occupy a large amount of land to construct a landfill; secondly, after a large amount of organic matters, batteries and other substances enter a landfill, toxic percolate generated by the organic matters, the batteries and other substances can cause serious pollution to soil and underground water; thirdly, a large amount of garbage is piled up in a landfill, wherein the contained substances and energy cannot be utilized, and the garbage is also a resource waste from the standpoint of recycling economy. Because of such drawbacks in landfills, developed economic areas are phased out.

The garbage disposal is to rapidly remove garbage, perform innocent treatment and finally reasonably utilize the garbage, and the garbage disposal method widely used today is sanitary landfill, high-temperature composting and incineration. The purpose of garbage disposal is innocuity, reclamation and reduction.

One of the existing garbage disposal modes is high-temperature pyrolysis.

For example, reference 1: chinese patent application number 201510192744.2, patent name: disclosed is a high-efficiency dust-removing deodorizing garbage incinerator, comprising: the device comprises a feeding machine, an incinerator, an induced draft fan, a multi-stage sedimentation chamber, a water foam dust removal chamber and a quicklime deodorization chamber; the incinerator is internally provided with a grate, a discharge screw conveyor, a fuel gas supply and distribution loop, an air inlet loop, an air exhaust loop and a combustion hall (combustion hearth); the garbage is conveyed into a combustion hall of an incinerator through a feeder, natural gas is used as combustion-supporting fuel, and pre-dried garbage is incinerated; after incineration, the rest slag is conveyed to a vibrating screen through a discharge screw conveyor to enter a slag screening area for stacking, the screened residues such as bricks, stones, concrete and the like are stacked and buried in a concentrated mode, the metal residues are separated for recycling, and the screened residues can be used as plant fertilizers; the generated smoke dust is sent into a multistage sedimentation chamber, a foam dust removal chamber and a quicklime deodorization chamber by an exhaust loop, an exhaust side hole, an exhaust pipeline and an induced draft fan, and the quicklime liquid and the blocky quicklime are utilized to carry out deodorization adsorption treatment; the environmental protection purpose of no pollution and zero emission is achieved.

Reference 2 chinese patent application No. 201720839681.X, patent name: disclosed are a garbage incinerator ash bucket and a garbage incinerator, the garbage incinerator ash bucket comprising: an ash bucket main body and an air inlet main pipe; the wind inlet main pipe comprises a wind inlet main pipe inserted into the ash bucket main body and a wind outlet device arranged on the side surface of the wind inlet main pipe and positioned in the ash bucket main body. According to the ash bucket of the garbage incinerator and the garbage incinerator, the air outlet device arranged on the side surface of the air inlet main pipe and positioned in the ash bucket main body can effectively improve the flowing direction of primary air after the primary air enters the ash bucket from the air inlet main pipe, and uneven distribution of the primary air on a garbage bed layer is avoided, so that uneven drying of garbage in a drying section, uneven water content of the garbage and uneven subsequent garbage combustion are caused. Meanwhile, the uneven oxygen feeding amount of the combustion section caused by uneven primary air of the garbage bed layer is avoided, and the uneven combustion is avoided.

Reference 3: chinese patent application number 201922436535.4, patent name: the energy cascade utilization equipment comprises a pyrolysis carbonization system, a secondary combustion chamber, a tail gas heat exchange system, a drying system, an air channel and an air outlet channel, wherein the pyrolysis carbonization system, the secondary combustion chamber and the air channel and the air outlet channel are sequentially connected; also disclosed is a household garbage pyrolysis device comprising an energy cascade utilization device for household garbage pyrolysis, comprising a feed system, a stirring device, a slag discharging system, and the energy cascade utilization device. Solves the problems of harmlessness and recycling treatment of household garbage in areas with undeveloped traffic, remote distance and scattered garbage production and the problem that the energy utilization rate of the pyrolysis of the household garbage is to be improved.

Through the above search, the applicant combines the field work of the applicant for many years to find that the existing garbage cracking furnace has the following problems: 1. insufficient combustion; 2. garbage is easy to accumulate and agglomerate; 3. pyrolysis is insufficient to produce a large amount of harmful gases; the existing garbage cracking furnace is internally provided with a fire grate, the upper part of the fire grate is directly burnt, garbage is easy to accumulate in the falling process, and after overlapping, the accumulating areas are pyrolyzed and incomplete, so that the garbage is easy to accumulate and agglomerate, and toxic gases (dioxin and the like) are generated insufficiently.

In addition, the existing cracking furnace construction process is mostly site lining, the construction period is long, the requirements on personnel are high, and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of utility model

Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides the garbage high-temperature cracking furnace which is arranged in the center of a furnace body, so that garbage is prevented from accumulating and agglomerating on a fire grate, garbage is promoted to be fully cracked and combusted, the garbage is fully combusted and does not agglomerate, and harmful gas tail gas is reduced; after the structure is adopted, the construction period is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is high.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a garbage high-temperature cracking furnace comprises an inner furnace core arranged in the center of the bottom of the cracking furnace and an inner side wall arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the cracking furnace; the inner furnace core is arranged above the fire grate and comprises a top cap, a cavity and a base from top to bottom; the upper part of the inner side wall is a hollow cavity plate, a smoke combustion cavity is arranged in the hollow cavity plate, a cavity smoke inlet hole is formed in a base of the combustion cavity, and a base plate is arranged below the cavity plate.

The upper part of the top cap is symmetrically provided with inclined planes, and the included angle between the two inclined planes is downward; the bottom of the top cap is provided with an arc concave; the upper part of the cavity is provided with an arc convex corresponding to the arc concave of the top cap, the cavity is hollow to form a combustion cavity, and the front end surface and the rear end surface are open; the bottom of the cavity is respectively provided with a cavity air inlet hole and a cavity smoke inlet hole, and the cavity air inlet hole and the cavity smoke inlet hole are mutually isolated and converged in the cavity; the lower part of the cavity is tightly connected with a base, a base air inlet groove is arranged right below the base, and the front end face and the rear end face of the base are opened; a base air inlet hole is formed in the top of the base air inlet groove and corresponds to the cavity air inlet hole formed above the base air inlet hole; the left side surface and the right side surface of the base are provided with through holes to form a smoke inlet groove, and holes are formed above the smoke inlet groove to form base smoke inlet holes corresponding to the cavity smoke inlet holes arranged above the base; the base smoke inlet holes are arranged in groups with the smoke inlet grooves, and the base air inlet holes are arranged in isolation with the base smoke inlet holes and the smoke inlet grooves.

The side surface of the base plate is provided with a bottom smoke inlet groove, and the top of the bottom smoke inlet groove is open and corresponds to a cavity smoke inlet hole arranged above the bottom smoke inlet groove; the bottom smoke inlet grooves are arranged on the side face of the base plate at intervals, and a through base observation port is arranged below the bottom smoke inlet grooves; the thickness of the cavity plate is larger than that of the base plate, the lower end of the cavity plate is of an inclined surface structure, and the tail end of the inclined surface is connected with the upper end face of the base plate.

Furthermore, a plurality of groups of cavity air inlet holes and cavity smoke inlet holes are arranged at the bottom of the cavity, are mutually spaced, are isolated from each other and are not communicated with each other, and are only converged in the cavity; correspondingly, a plurality of groups of base air inlets, base smoke inlet holes and smoke inlet grooves are arranged on the base at intervals respectively, and the base air inlets, the base smoke inlet holes and the base smoke inlet grooves are arranged corresponding to the cavity air inlets and the cavity smoke inlet holes above.

Further, the left side and the right side of the arc-shaped bulge above the cavity are provided with shaft shoulders, the lower part of the inclined plane of the corresponding top cap is provided with a vertical side, and the vertical side is flush with the outer surface of the cavity.

Further, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a cavity inclined surface bottom structure, and the inclined surface of the cavity is inwards contracted to form a trapezoid structure with a narrow bottom and a wide top; the included angle between the trapezoid outer inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 55-85 degrees; the projection of the upper outer side surface of the base coincides with the lower surface of the bottom of the cavity, and the outer surface above the base is retracted relative to the orthographic projection of the outer surface of the cavity.

Further, the included angle of the two inclined planes on the top cap is 50-70 degrees, the two inclined planes are not directly intersected at the top, and a section of horizontal part is arranged at the top; the lower side of the base extends outwards to form a trapezoid bottom, and the bottommost end of the trapezoid bottom is wider than the upper outer side surface.

Further, the cavity plate and the base plate are arranged in pairs, and corner butt-joint pieces with the same section are arranged at the corners of the cracking furnace; the flue gas combustion cavity of the cavity plate is communicated, and a plurality of controllable flue gas outlets are arranged at the top of the flue gas combustion cavity; two end surfaces of the cracking furnace are respectively provided with a controllable flue gas outlet which corresponds to an exhaust valve on the cracking furnace.

Further, the flue gas combustion chamber of the chamber body plate is provided with an upper group and a lower group, and is divided into an upper layer chamber and a lower layer chamber which are mutually independent through a separation layer; and the upper and lower groups of cavities are communicated only by the monomers at the two ends;

Further, an inspection port is arranged on the outer wall of the cracking furnace and is communicated with a base observation port of the base plate, and a door opening and closing structure is arranged on the outer side of the inspection port;

Further, the inclined plane of the inclined bottom of the cavity plate forms an included angle of 50-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the outer side surface of the cavity plate is transited to the outer side surface of the base plate through the inclined plane;

Further, an inclined bottom opening is formed in the inclined plane of the inclined bottom of the cavity plate, and the inclined bottom opening corresponds to the opening width of the cavity smoke inlet.

Further, a base smoke inlet groove is formed in the inner side surface of the base plate, and the top opening of the base smoke inlet groove corresponds to a cavity smoke inlet hole formed above the base smoke inlet groove; the side of the base smoke inlet groove is a protection plate, and the bottom of the base smoke inlet groove is a through base observation port.

Furthermore, the top cap, the cavity, the base, the cavity plate and the base plate are all made of refractory materials, are preferably refractory bricks, and are integrally lined.

Furthermore, the top cap, the cavity, the base, the cavity plate and the base plate are all made of refractory materials, and are respectively made of refractory brick prefabricated parts which are assembled on site after being prefabricated in a segmented mode.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the garbage high-temperature cracking furnace has an inner furnace core arranged in the center of the furnace body; the inner side wall structure is arranged around the inner wall of the furnace body, so that a combustion function is added, the effect of preheating the upper part of the furnace body and drying garbage is achieved, wet garbage is prevented from accumulating and agglomerating on the fire grate, and harmful gas tail gas is reduced after full combustion; after the structure is adopted, the construction period is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is high.

1. The inner furnace core structure and the inner side wall structure are arranged in the cracking furnace, so that the situation of stacking and caking in the falling process of garbage is avoided, the garbage can be fully and effectively combusted on the fire grate, the combustion efficiency is high, and the pyrolysis is full.

2. The top cap at the top of the inner furnace core is in an inclined plane structure, the two inclined planes are not directly intersected at the top, and a section of horizontal part is arranged at the top, so that the garbage is prevented from being stuck in the falling process; the inclined plane is convenient for evenly blanking and dispersing at two sides in the furnace, and the central stacking is avoided.

3. An inner furnace core: the cooperation of top cap and cavity adopts the circular arc butt joint, and the atress is even, and the shaft shoulder that the cavity top set up supports, and convenient butt joint has just reduced direct stress to realized the protection to the cavity, avoided the blanking to the damage of cavity.

4. The combustion chamber inside the chamber with the special design of the inner furnace core and the inner side wall is used for burning the flue gas generated by pyrolysis in the combustion chamber and mixing the outside air, and the heat generated by burning can heat the periphery of the chamber, so that the temperature above the cracking furnace can reach a certain temperature, the falling garbage is primarily heated, the moisture of the garbage is reduced, the stacking of wet garbage is avoided, and the later stage full combustion on the fire grate is facilitated.

5. An inner furnace core: the flue gas pipeline and the air pipeline in the combustion cavity are respectively arranged, and flue gas enters the combustion cavity from the flue gas inlet grooves arranged on two sides of the base sequentially through the flue gas inlet holes of the base and the flue gas inlet holes of the cavity; air enters the combustion cavity through a base air inlet groove arranged below the base and sequentially through a base air inlet hole and a cavity air inlet hole; combustible materials and combustion-supporting gas enter respectively, so that the regulation and control are convenient, and the pyrolysis gas can be combusted fully.

6. An inner furnace core: the smoke inlet grooves are formed in the outer side face of the base at intervals, the projection of the outer side face above the base coincides with the lower surface of the bottom of the cavity, and the outer surface above the base is retracted relative to the orthographic projection of the outer surface of the cavity; the structure design is to avoid garbage stacking, and the combustible flue gas which is convenient for pyrolysis enters the combustion cavity through the flue gas inlet groove; and the temperature of the inner core is higher on the passing pipeline, so that the gas passing through the pipeline is fully preheated, and the gas reaches the combustion cavity and is fully combusted under the condition that the temperature, the air and the combustible gas all meet the combustion conditions.

7. An inner side wall: in particular, two stages of combustion cavities are added, only two ends of each stage of combustion cavity are communicated, the circulation time of smoke is prolonged, and the smoke is convenient to converge and then full combustion is realized. The smoke inlet grooves are formed in the outer side face of the base at intervals, so that the influence of garbage stacking on the smoke flowing into the combustion cavity is avoided, and the combustible smoke which is convenient to pyrolyze enters the combustion cavity through the smoke inlet grooves; and the temperature of the inner core is higher on the passing pipeline, so that the gas passing through the pipeline is fully preheated, and the gas reaches the combustion cavity and is fully combusted under the condition that the temperature, the air and the combustible gas all meet the combustion conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sidewall flue gas flow in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a side view in FIG. 1 (left lower corner partially simplified cross-section)

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the core structure in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the core of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the core of fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the core of fig. 7 in semi-section.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the inner sidewall structure in fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a front view of the inner sidewall of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is an exploded view of the inner sidewall of fig. 9.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 11.

The text labels in the figures are expressed as:

1. a top cap; 2. a cavity; 3. a base; 101. an inclined plane; 102. arc concave;

201. Arc convex; 202. a combustion chamber; 203. a cavity air inlet hole; 204. a cavity smoke inlet hole; 205. a cavity inclined surface bottom;

30. A trapezoidal bottom; 31. a base air inlet groove; 33. a base air inlet hole 34 and a base smoke inlet hole; 341. a smoke inlet groove;

60. A sidewall unit body; 61. a cavity plate; 62. a base plate; 63. an inspection port;

601. A cavity inclined bottom; 602. an inclined bottom opening; 603. a cavity smoke inlet hole; 611. an upper chamber; 612. an interlayer; 613. a lower chamber;

621. a base observation port; 622. a protection plate; 623. a base smoke inlet groove;

8. a pyrolysis furnace; 80. a door cover; 81. a guide rail; 82. an exhaust valve; 83. a cavity; 84. partition; 85. the fire grate.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art may better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the following detailed description of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided for exemplary and explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model.

The specific structure of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 12, is described below by way of illustration, but the description is not limited to the specific structure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5-8, a garbage pyrolysis furnace comprises an inner furnace core (comprising a top cap 1, a cavity 2 and a base 3) arranged at the center of the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 8, and an inner side wall 60 arranged around the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 8; the inner furnace core is positioned above the fire grate 85 and comprises a top cap 1, a cavity 2 and a base 3 from top to bottom; a hollow cavity plate 61 is arranged above the inner side wall 60, a flue gas combustion cavity is arranged in the hollow cavity plate, a cavity flue gas inlet 603 is arranged on the base of the combustion cavity, and a base plate 62 is arranged below the cavity plate 61;

The upper part of the top cap 1 of the inner furnace core is provided with symmetrically arranged inclined planes 101, and the included angle of the two inclined planes is downward; the bottom of the top cap 1 is provided with an arc concave 102; the upper part of the cavity 2 is provided with an arc convex 201 corresponding to the arc concave 102 of the top cap 1, the cavity 2 is hollow to form a combustion cavity 202, and the front end surface and the rear end surface are open; the bottom of the cavity 2 is respectively provided with a cavity air inlet 203 and a cavity smoke inlet 204, and the two cavities are mutually isolated and converged in the cavity 2.

The lower part of the cavity 2 is tightly connected with a base 3, a base air inlet groove 31 is arranged under the base 3, and the front end face and the rear end face of the base air inlet groove are open; the top of the base air inlet groove 31 is provided with a base air inlet hole 33 corresponding to the cavity air inlet hole 203 arranged above; the left and right sides of the base 3 are provided with through holes to form a smoke inlet groove 341, and a base smoke inlet hole 34 is formed above the smoke inlet groove 341 and corresponds to the cavity smoke inlet hole 204 arranged above; the base smoke inlet holes 34 and the smoke inlet grooves 341 are arranged in groups, and the base air inlet holes 33, the base smoke inlet holes 34 and the smoke inlet grooves 341 are arranged in an isolated mode.

The combustion chamber 202 inside the specially designed chamber 2 mixes the flue gas generated by pyrolysis with the external air to burn in the combustion chamber 202, and the heat generated by burning can heat the outside of the chamber, so that the temperature above the cracking furnace can reach a certain temperature, the fallen garbage is preliminarily heated, the moisture of the garbage is reduced, the stacking of wet garbage is avoided, and the garbage is favorable for full combustion on a fire grate in the later stage.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model. Fig. 1 shows the installation position structure of an inner furnace core in a cracking furnace 8, wherein the inner furnace core of the utility model is installed in the center of a furnace chamber 83 in the cracking furnace 8, and comprises a top cap 1, a cavity 2 and a base 3 from top to bottom; the garbage dumping opening is arranged above the cracking furnace 8, a guide rail 81 and a furnace door cover 80 are arranged above the cracking furnace, exhaust valves 82 are arranged at two ends of the furnace door opening, a side wall 84 is arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace chamber 83, and a fire grate 85 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber 83.

The inner furnace core structure is arranged in the garbage treatment heat balance high-temperature cracking furnace, so that the situation of stacking and caking in the falling process of garbage is avoided, the garbage can be fully and effectively combusted on the grate 85, the combustion efficiency is high, and the pyrolysis is full.

As shown, fig. 7 is an exploded view of the core of fig. 5, and fig. 8 is a semi-sectional view of the core of fig. 7. Preferably, the cavity air inlet holes 203 and the cavity smoke inlet holes 204 are arranged at the bottom of the cavity 2 in a plurality of groups, are mutually spaced, are isolated from each other and are not communicated with each other, and only converge in the cavity 2; correspondingly, a plurality of groups of base air inlets 33, base smoke inlets 34 and smoke inlets 31 are arranged on the base 3 at intervals, and are arranged corresponding to the cavity air inlets 203 and cavity smoke inlets 204 above.

Referring to fig. 8, a schematic flow of combustible gas and air within the inner core is shown in fig. 8. The flue gas pipeline and the air pipeline in the combustion chamber 202 are respectively arranged, and the combustible gas (flue gas) generated by the pyrolysis in the furnace enters the combustion chamber 202 from the flue gas inlet grooves 341 arranged on the two sides of the base 3 sequentially through the base flue gas inlet holes 34 and the chamber flue gas inlet holes 204; air enters the combustion chamber 202 through the base air inlet groove 31 arranged below the base 3, the base air inlet hole 33 and the chamber air inlet hole 203 in sequence; combustible materials and combustion air enter respectively, so that the control and the control are convenient, and the full combustion of the pyrolysis gas are convenient.

The smoke inlet grooves 341 are formed in the outer side face of the base 3 at intervals, the projection of the outer side face above the base 3 coincides with the lower surface of the bottom of the cavity 2, and the outer surface above the base 3 is retracted relative to the orthographic projection of the outer surface of the cavity 2; the structure design is to avoid garbage stacking, and the combustible flue gas which is convenient for pyrolysis enters the combustion cavity through the flue gas inlet groove; and the temperature of the inner core is higher on the passing pipeline, so that the gas passing through the pipeline is fully preheated, and the gas reaches the combustion cavity and is fully combusted under the condition that the temperature, the air and the combustible gas all meet the combustion conditions.

Referring to fig. 5-8, preferably, the left and right sides of the circular arc protrusion 201 above the cavity 2 are provided with shaft shoulders, that is, horizontal portions of the two sides of the circular arc protrusion 201, and the lower part of the inclined plane 101 of the corresponding top cap 1 is provided with a vertical side, and the vertical side is flush with the outer surface of the cavity 2. The cooperation of top cap 1 and cavity 2 adopts the circular arc butt joint, and the atress is even, and the shaft shoulder that cavity 2 top set up supports, makes things convenient for the butt joint and has reduced direct stress, has slowed down the impact stress of rubbish whereabouts in-process to realized the protection to cavity 2, avoided the blanking to the damage of cavity 2.

As shown in fig. 5, preferably, the bottom of the cavity 2 is configured as a cavity inclined surface bottom 205, and the inclined surface thereof is inwardly contracted to form a trapezoid structure with a narrower bottom and a wider top.

Referring to fig. 6, the trapezoidal outer ramp preferably has an angle a with the horizontal, preferably in the range 55-85.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, preferably, the projection of the upper outer side surface of the base 3 coincides with the lower surface of the bottom of the cavity, and the front projection of the outer surface above the base 3 is retracted relative to the outer surface of the cavity 2.

Referring to fig. 6, the angle between the two inclined surfaces on the top cap 1 is preferably b, which preferably ranges from 50 to 70 °, and the inclined surfaces do not directly intersect at the top, which has a horizontal portion. The top cap 1 at the top of the inner furnace core is in an inclined plane structure, the two inclined planes are not directly intersected at the top, and a section of horizontal part is arranged at the top, so that the garbage is prevented from being stuck in the falling process; the inclined plane is convenient for evenly blanking and dispersing at two sides in the furnace, and the central stacking is avoided.

Preferably, the lower side of the base 3 extends outward to form a trapezoid bottom, and the lowest end is wider than the upper outer side surface.

Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 9-12, an inner side wall is arranged around the inner wall of the cracking furnace, a hollow cavity plate 61 is arranged above the inner side wall, a flue gas combustion cavity is arranged in the hollow cavity plate, and a cavity flue gas inlet 603 is arranged on the base of the combustion cavity; a base plate 62 is arranged below the cavity plate 61, a bottom smoke inlet groove 623 is arranged on the side surface of the base plate 62, and the top of the bottom smoke inlet groove 623 is open and corresponds to the cavity smoke inlet hole 603 arranged above; the bottom smoke inlet grooves 623 are arranged on the side surface of the base plate 62 at intervals, and a through base observation port 621 is arranged below the bottom smoke inlet grooves 623; the thickness of the cavity plate 61 is greater than that of the base plate 62, and the lower end of the cavity plate 61 is in an inclined surface structure, and the tail end of the inclined surface is connected with the upper end surface of the base plate 62.

Preferably, the cavity plates 61 and the base plates 62 are arranged in pairs, and corner butt-joint pieces with the same section are arranged at the corners of the cracking furnace; the flue gas combustion chambers of the chamber plate 61 are in communication and are provided with a number of controllable flue gas outlets at the top.

The above structure includes the case where the structure of the cavity plate 61 is one flue gas combustion cavity, but in practice, a plurality of combustion cavities may be provided as appropriate according to the condition of the pyrolysis furnace; in this example, 2 combustion chambers are described as an example according to the circumstances. And the structure is the most suitable structure at present, under the size requirement of the conventional cracking furnace at present.

Preferably, two end surfaces of the cracking furnace are respectively provided with a controllable flue gas outlet which corresponds to an exhaust valve on the cracking furnace.

Referring to fig. 9-12, the flue gas combustion chamber of the chamber plate 61 is preferably provided with an upper group and a lower group, and is divided into an upper chamber 611 and a lower chamber 612 which are independent from each other by a partition layer; and the upper and lower groups of cavities are communicated only by the monomers at the two ends.

Preferably, an inspection port 63 is provided on the outer wall of the cracking furnace, and is connected with a base observation port 621 of the base plate 62, and a door opening and closing structure is provided on the outer side of the inspection port 63.

Referring to fig. 10, preferably, the inclined surface of the cavity inclined bottom 601 of the cavity plate 61 forms an included angle of 50-80 ° with the horizontal plane, and the outer side surface of the cavity plate 61 is transited to the outer side surface of the base plate 62 by the inclined surface.

Referring to fig. 11, preferably, an inclined bottom opening 602 is provided on the inclined plane of the inclined bottom 601 of the cavity plate 61, and the inclined bottom opening 602 corresponds to the cavity smoke inlet 603 with the same opening width, so that the smoke enters the combustion cavity conveniently, and meanwhile, the inclined bottom opening 602 is provided at the place, so that the situation that the inclined edge of the cavity smoke inlet 603 is too thin to cause material breakage is avoided, and the whole fireproof and ventilated combustion structure is damaged.

Preferably, a base smoke inlet groove 623 is arranged on the inner side surface of the base plate 62, and the top opening of the base smoke inlet groove 623 corresponds to the cavity smoke inlet hole 603 arranged above; the side of the base smoke inlet groove 623 is a protection plate 622, and the bottom of the base smoke inlet groove 623 is a through base observation hole 621.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 11. The flue gas in the cracking furnace sequentially enters the lower cavity 612 through the base flue gas inlet groove 623 and the cavity flue gas inlet hole 603; because the flue gas is concentrated into the combustion chamber of the lower chamber 612 through each small hole, the high temperature of the cracking furnace heats the gas, air (oxygen) is mixed in the flue gas, and when the temperature rises to the condition that the gas is combustible, the flue gas in the lower chamber 612 is combusted; the smoke which cannot be combusted in time or is combusted fully flows to the communication hole with the upper cavity 611 in the lower cavity 612 and then enters the upper cavity 611 to be converged, so that isothermal, combustible gas and air are combusted again after reaching combustion conditions, and the purpose of fully combusting the smoke is achieved.

The flow process of the flue gas in the inner side wall is shown in a flow schematic diagram of the combustible gas in fig. 2, and the flue gas is combusted twice from the combustible gas to the combustion tail gas (carbon dioxide). Firstly, the content of combustible gas in the flue gas can be effectively reduced in the combustion process, and carbon monoxide, dioxin and the like are prevented from being produced insufficiently in the combustion process; secondly, the temperature of the upper part of the cracking furnace is greatly increased by the two-stage combustion chamber, the garbage falls down to be preliminarily preheated step by step at the upper part of the cracking furnace, and the moisture in the wet garbage is thoroughly evaporated and enters into the combustion cycle in the cracking furnace.

Preferably, the top cap 1, the cavity 2, the base cavity 3, the cavity plate 61 of the inner side wall and the base plate 62 of the inner furnace core are made of refractory materials, preferably refractory bricks, and are integrally lined.

Preferably, the top cap 1, the cavity 2, the base cavity 3, the cavity plate 61 and the base plate 62 of the inner side wall of the inner furnace core are made of refractory materials, and are respectively made of refractory brick prefabricated parts, and are assembled on site after being prefabricated in a segmented mode. And a plurality of butt joint holes are formed in the butt joint end surfaces, so that the butt joint holes are convenient to splice and install on site.

The utility model can form standard components for construction and installation by adopting a segmental prefabrication mode of refractory bricks, is convenient for production and processing, is convenient for on-site construction and installation, effectively shortens the construction period, has more reliable structure, reduces the requirements on constructors, and greatly shortens the construction period. The production construction achieves quality improvement and efficiency improvement.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present utility model and its core ideas. The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, and it is noted that there is objectively no limit to the specific structure disclosed herein, since numerous modifications, adaptations and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the utility model, and the above-described features can be combined in any suitable manner; such modifications, variations and combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concepts and aspects to other applications without modification, are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (13)

1. The garbage high-temperature cracking furnace is characterized by comprising an inner furnace core arranged in the center of the bottom of the cracking furnace and inner side walls arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the cracking furnace; the inner furnace core is arranged above the fire grate and comprises a top cap, a cavity and a base from top to bottom; a hollow cavity plate is arranged above the inner side wall, a smoke combustion cavity is arranged in the hollow cavity plate, a cavity smoke inlet hole is formed in a base of the combustion cavity, and a base plate is arranged below the cavity plate;

The upper part of the top cap is symmetrically provided with inclined planes, and the included angle between the two inclined planes is downward; the bottom of the top cap is provided with an arc concave; the upper part of the cavity is provided with an arc convex corresponding to the arc concave of the top cap, the cavity is hollow to form a combustion cavity, and the front end surface and the rear end surface are open; the bottom of the cavity is respectively provided with a cavity air inlet hole and a cavity smoke inlet hole, and the cavity air inlet hole and the cavity smoke inlet hole are mutually isolated and converged in the cavity; the lower part of the cavity is tightly connected with a base, a base air inlet groove is arranged right below the base, and the front end face and the rear end face of the base are opened; a base air inlet hole is formed in the top of the base air inlet groove and corresponds to the cavity air inlet hole formed above the base air inlet hole; the left side surface and the right side surface of the base are provided with through holes to form a smoke inlet groove, and holes are formed above the smoke inlet groove to form base smoke inlet holes corresponding to the cavity smoke inlet holes arranged above the base; the base smoke inlet holes and the smoke inlet grooves are arranged in groups, and the base air inlet holes are arranged in an isolated manner with the base smoke inlet holes and the smoke inlet grooves;

The side surface of the base plate is provided with a bottom smoke inlet groove, and the top of the bottom smoke inlet groove is open and corresponds to a cavity smoke inlet hole arranged above the bottom smoke inlet groove; the bottom smoke inlet grooves are arranged on the side face of the base plate at intervals, and a through base observation port is arranged below the bottom smoke inlet grooves; the thickness of the cavity plate is larger than that of the base plate, the lower end of the cavity plate is of an inclined surface structure, and the tail end of the inclined surface is connected with the upper end face of the base plate.

2. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein the cavity air inlet holes and the cavity smoke inlet holes are arranged at the bottom of the cavity in a plurality of groups, are mutually spaced from each other, are isolated from each other and are only converged in the cavity;

Correspondingly, a plurality of groups of base air inlets, base smoke inlet holes and smoke inlet grooves are arranged on the base at intervals respectively, and the base air inlets, the base smoke inlet holes and the base smoke inlet grooves are arranged corresponding to the cavity air inlets and the cavity smoke inlet holes above.

3. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein shaft shoulders are arranged on the left side and the right side of the arc-shaped bulge above the cavity, a vertical side is arranged below the inclined plane of the corresponding top cap, and the vertical side is flush with the outer surface of the cavity.

4. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the cavity is provided with a cavity inclined surface bottom structure, and the inclined surface of the cavity is inwards contracted to form a trapezoid structure with a narrow bottom and a wide top; the included angle between the trapezoid outer inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 55-85 degrees; the projection of the upper outer side surface of the base coincides with the lower surface of the bottom of the cavity, and the outer surface above the base is retracted relative to the orthographic projection of the outer surface of the cavity.

5. The pyrolysis furnace for garbage according to claim 1, wherein the included angle of two inclined planes on the top cap is 50-70 degrees, the two inclined planes do not directly intersect at the top, and the top is provided with a section of horizontal part; the lower side of the base extends outwards to form a trapezoid bottom, and the bottommost end of the trapezoid bottom is wider than the upper outer side surface.

6. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein the cavity plate and the base plate are arranged in pairs, and corner butt-joint pieces with the same cross section are arranged at corners of the pyrolysis furnace; the flue gas combustion cavity of the cavity plate is communicated, and a plurality of controllable flue gas outlets are arranged at the top of the flue gas combustion cavity; two end surfaces of the cracking furnace are respectively provided with a controllable flue gas outlet which corresponds to an exhaust valve on the cracking furnace.

7. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas combustion chamber of the chamber plate is provided with an upper group and a lower group, and is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber which are mutually independent through a partition layer; and the upper and lower groups of cavities are communicated only by the monomers at the two ends.

8. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein an inspection port is arranged on the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace and is communicated with a base observation port of the base plate, and door opening and closing structures are arranged on the outer sides of the inspection ports.

9. The pyrolysis furnace for garbage according to claim 1, wherein the inclined plane of the inclined bottom of the cavity plate forms an included angle of 50-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the outer side surface of the cavity plate is transited to the outer side surface of the base plate through the inclined plane.

10. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein an inclined bottom opening is formed in an inclined plane of the inclined bottom of the cavity plate, and the inclined bottom opening corresponds to the opening width of the smoke inlet of the cavity.

11. The garbage pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein a base smoke inlet groove is formed in the inner side surface of the base plate, and a top opening of the base smoke inlet groove corresponds to a cavity smoke inlet hole formed above the base smoke inlet groove; the side of the base smoke inlet groove is a protection plate, and the bottom of the base smoke inlet groove is a through base observation port.

12. A pyrolysis furnace for waste according to any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein the top cap, cavity, base, cavity plate, base plate are all made of refractory material, preferably refractory brick, and are integrally lined.

13. A pyrolysis furnace for waste according to any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein the top cap, cavity, base, cavity plate and base plate are made of refractory material, and are each fabricated from a refractory brick preform, and assembled in situ after being prefabricated in sections.