CN220753528U - Connection structure for managing energy storage battery and energy storage battery management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a connection structure for managing an energy storage battery and an energy storage battery management system. A connection structure for managing energy storage battery includes battery cluster management unit BCU, at least one battery module management unit BMU and a plurality of battery boxes, and every battery box includes a plurality of battery modules, wherein: the battery modules are connected through direct current carrier communication cables, and the battery boxes are also connected through direct current carrier communication cables; the BMU is connected to the direct current carrier communication cable to connect at least one of the plurality of battery boxes; and the BCU is connected to the direct current carrier communication cable to connect the plurality of battery boxes.

Description

Connection structure for managing energy storage batteries and energy storage battery management system

Technical Field

The present application mainly relates to the field of energy storage system communication control, and in particular to a connection structure for managing energy storage batteries and an energy storage battery management system.

Background technique

As the country's policy leans towards the new energy industry, lithium batteries and battery management systems (BMS) have been widely used in many fields. In recent years, with the increasing expansion of energy storage equipment, the accuracy and rate requirements of sampling data have become more and more stringent, and the communication pressure on the BMS system has increased dramatically. The batteries of the energy storage system are distributed in clusters, each cluster consists of several battery packs, each battery pack consists of several groups of battery modules connected in series with copper bars, and each battery module consists of multiple battery cells connected in series, which makes the voltage and temperature collection points of the battery relatively scattered. The two-level architecture of the conventional battery management system generally uses CAN bus or daisy chain for communication, and the battery module management unit (BMU) is generally small in design. Many collection lines and control lines need to be distributed inside the energy storage system. The distribution of the wiring harness makes the system design complicated and the maintenance cost is high, which ultimately leads to a shorter system life cycle and increased costs.

Utility Model Content

The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a connection structure and an energy storage battery management system for managing energy storage batteries that are simpler and easier to maintain.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a connection structure for managing energy storage batteries, characterized in that it includes a battery cluster management unit BCU, at least one battery module management unit BMU and multiple battery boxes, each battery box includes multiple battery modules, wherein: the multiple battery modules are connected through a DC carrier communication cable, and the multiple battery boxes are also connected through a DC carrier communication cable; the BMU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable to connect at least one of the multiple battery boxes; and the BCU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable to connect the multiple battery boxes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the BCU includes a master control unit and a wireless receiving module interconnected with the master control unit; and each BMU includes a slave control unit and a wireless transmitting module corresponding to the wireless receiving module, and the wireless transmitting module is interconnected with the slave control unit.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the master control unit and/or the slave control unit respectively include any one of a micro control unit MCU, a field programmable gate array FPGA or a digital signal processor DSP.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the DC carrier communication cable includes a copper bus or a cable.

In one embodiment of the utility model, each battery box has a positive interface and a negative interface, and the positive interface and negative interface of adjacent battery boxes are suitable for being connected to each other through a DC carrier communication cable, so that multiple battery boxes are connected through a DC carrier communication cable.

In one embodiment of the utility model, each BMU also includes a slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module and a slave-control coupling module, wherein the slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module is interconnected with the slave-control control unit, and the BMU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable through the slave-control coupling module.

In one embodiment of the utility model, each BMU also includes a power amplifier, a shaping filter circuit and a receiving circuit. There is an outgoing path and a return path corresponding to the signal transmission direction between the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module and the slave-controlled coupling module. The outgoing path is directed from the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module to the slave-controlled coupling module, and the return path is directed from the slave-controlled coupling module to the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module, wherein the power amplifier and the shaping filter circuit are connected in sequence in the outgoing path, and the receiving circuit is connected in the return path.

In one embodiment of the utility model, each BCU includes a main control carrier modulation and demodulation module and a main control coupling module, wherein the main control carrier modulation and demodulation module is interconnected with the main control unit, and the BCU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable through the main control coupling module.

In one embodiment of the present invention, each BMU further includes a plurality of AFE chips, and each AFE chip is interconnected with a battery module.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of AFE chips are arranged in sequence, and every two adjacent AFE chips are interconnected via a daisy chain transformer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the AFE chip is an ADBMS1818 chip, the number of AFE chips is 4, and the number of daisy chain transformers is 3.

In an embodiment of the present invention, each BMU further includes a DC-DC conversion module, and the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the DC carrier communication cable.

The utility model also provides an energy storage battery management system, comprising: a host computer and a connection structure as in any of the above embodiments, wherein the host computer and a battery cluster management unit BCU in the connection structure are interconnected.

Compared with the prior art, the connection structure and energy storage battery management provided by the present application for managing energy storage batteries, multiple battery modules and multiple battery boxes in the system are connected by DC carrier communication cables, without the need for complex wiring harness structures, and the structure is simpler and easier to maintain, thereby extending the service life of the system and reducing costs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application. They are included and constitute a part of the present application. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the present specification serve to explain the principles of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a battery module management unit and a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure for managing energy storage batteries according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" do not refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terms used in this application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some of the terms mentioned in the specification of this application may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description of this article. In addition, it is required to understand this application not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

It should be understood that when a component is referred to as being "on another component," "connected to another component," "coupled to another component," or "contacting another component," it may be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or contacting the other component, or there may be intervening components. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being "directly on another component," "directly connected to," "directly coupled to," or "directly contacting" another component, there are no intervening components. Similarly, when a first component is referred to as being "electrically in contact with" or "electrically coupled to" a second component, there is an electrical path between the first component and the second component that allows current to flow. The electrical path may include capacitors, coupled inductors, and/or other components that allow current to flow, even without direct contact between conductive components.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a battery module management unit and a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure for managing energy storage batteries according to an embodiment of the present application. With reference to FIGS. 1-2 , the present application provides a connection structure 100 for managing energy storage batteries (hereinafter referred to as the connection structure 100 ), the connection structure 100 includes a battery cluster management unit (Battery Control Unit, BCU) 110, at least one battery module management unit (Battery Management Unit, BMU) 120 and a plurality of battery boxes 130, wherein the battery box 130 includes a plurality of battery modules p ₁ , p ₂ , ..., p _N-1 , p _N , and the plurality of battery modules p ₁ to p _N are connected in series in sequence.

Further, in this embodiment, the battery cluster management unit 110 also includes a plurality of cascaded communication processing units _A1 , _A2 , ..., _AN-1 , _AN , and the communication processing units _A1 to _AN are interconnected with a plurality of series-connected battery modules _p1 to _pN in the order of cascade (i.e., the order of _A1 , _A2 , ..., _AN-1 , _AN ), and each communication processing unit is suitable for obtaining data information of the corresponding battery module. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the communication processing unit _A1 is suitable for obtaining data information of the battery module _p1 , the communication processing unit _A2 is suitable for obtaining data information of the battery module _p2 , and so on until the communication processing unit _AN is suitable for obtaining data information of the battery module _pN .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , multiple battery modules p ₁ to p _N in the battery box 130 are connected via a DC carrier communication cable 140; as shown in FIG2 , multiple battery boxes 130 are also connected via a DC carrier communication cable 140. The battery module management unit 120 is connected to the DC carrier communication cable 140 between the multiple battery modules p ₁ to p _N , thereby connecting to one of the multiple battery boxes 130. As shown in FIG2 , each battery module management unit 120 is connected to the DC carrier communication cable 140 in the corresponding battery box 130. Further, the battery cluster management unit 110 is also connected to the DC carrier communication cable 140 to connect multiple battery boxes 130.

Specifically, in this embodiment, each battery box 130 has a positive interface 131 and a negative interface 132 , and the positive interfaces 131 and 132 between adjacent battery boxes 130 are connected in sequence through a DC carrier communication cable 140 .

As shown in Figures 1-2, a preferred embodiment of the utility model is shown. In this embodiment, the DC carrier communication cable 140 is a copper busbar. In some other embodiments, the DC carrier communication cable 140 also includes an electric cable. It can be understood that in actual applications, the multiple battery boxes 130 mentioned above use the same DC carrier communication cable, and the battery module management unit 120 and the battery cluster management unit 110 are connected to the DC carrier communication cable, which can be specifically understood as being connected to different sections of the same copper busbar. Regardless of the connection, the copper busbar can be used to transmit signals between the BCU\BMU and each battery box/battery module.

In this embodiment, the multiple cascaded communication processing units _A1 - _AN also include multiple cascaded analog front ends (AFE), and each AFE chip is interconnected with a battery module. AFE can process analog signals, and its processing object is the analog signal given by the signal source (in this embodiment, the battery modules _p1 , _p2 , ..., _pN connected in series), and its main functions include signal amplification, frequency conversion, modulation and demodulation, etc. In this embodiment, the multiple cascaded communication processing units _A1 -AN _{sample and balance the corresponding multiple battery modules p1-PN through multiple} analog front ends to obtain data information of each battery module.

As shown in Fig. 1-2, a preferred embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, two adjacent AFE chips are interconnected through a daisy chain transformer. In a control method provided by the present application, multiple battery modules _p1 - _pN in a battery box 130 perform daisy chain communication through corresponding communication control units _A1 - _AN , and the communication between each battery module _p1 - _pN does not interfere with each other.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the AFE chip is an ADBMS1818 chip, and the number of AFE chips is 4, and the number of daisy chain transformers is 3. It can be understood that the daisy chain transformers are arranged between adjacent AFE chips, so the number thereof is always one less than the number of AFE chips.

Further, referring to FIG. 1-2, the battery cluster management unit 110 further includes a master control unit 111 and a wireless receiving module 112, and the wireless receiving module 112 is interconnected with the master control unit 111. Correspondingly, the battery module management unit 120 further includes a slave control unit 121 and a wireless transmitting module 122, and the wireless transmitting module 122 is interconnected with the slave control unit 121 and corresponds to the wireless receiving module 112. Exemplarily, the wireless receiving module 112 and the wireless transmitting module 122 can refer to the transceiver device in the common wireless communication method in the prior art, and their detailed structure is not repeated here. By improving the structure of BMU and BCU and placing a wireless transceiver module therein, the functions of BMU and BCU can be further expanded on the basis of the above-mentioned signal transmission through the DC carrier communication cable, so that they can communicate with each other through wireless means, so as to facilitate the subsequent comparison and analysis of the data obtained through the wireless communication method and the DC carrier communication method, etc., thereby improving the stability and scalability of the connection structure used to manage the energy storage battery and the energy storage battery management system used therein. In general, in this embodiment, the BMU module omits the wired communication (such as CAN, RS485, etc.) circuit in the traditional way, thereby reducing the system cost; and the DC carrier and wireless communication technology further reduce the system cost by omitting the communication harness.

As shown in FIG. 1-2, a preferred embodiment of the present application is shown. In this embodiment, the master control unit 111 and the slave control unit 121 are both specifically implemented as a microcontroller unit (MCU). In some other embodiments, the master control unit 111 and/or the slave control unit 121 may also use a field programmable gate array FPGA or a digital signal processor DSP, etc., and the present application does not make any specific restrictions here.

To facilitate understanding of the corresponding relationship between the master control unit 111 in the battery cluster management unit 110 and the slave control unit 121 in the battery module management unit 120, the battery cluster management unit 110 and the battery module management unit 120 are respectively described in detail as follows:

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1-2, the battery cluster management unit 110 also includes a main control carrier modulation and demodulation module 113 and a main control coupling module 114. The main control control unit 111 is interconnected with the main control carrier modulation and demodulation module 113, and the main control carrier modulation and demodulation module 113 is connected to the DC carrier communication cable 140 through the main control coupling module 114, thereby realizing the connection between the battery cluster management unit 110 and the DC carrier communication cable 140.

Correspondingly, the battery module management unit 120 includes a slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module 123 and a slave-control coupling module 124. The slave-control control unit 121 and the slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module 123 are interconnected, and the slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module 123 is then connected to the DC carrier communication cable 140 through the slave-control coupling module 124, thereby realizing the connection between the battery module management unit 120 and the DC carrier communication cable 140. In this embodiment, the BMU and the BCU couple the signal to the copper bus or cable through the coupling module, thereby realizing the transmission of the signal between the BMU and the BCU through the DC carrier communication cable 140.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the signal transmission between the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module 123 and the slave-controlled coupling module 124 is bidirectional, and there is a destination path H1 and a return path H2 corresponding to the signal transmission direction between the two. The battery module management unit 120 also includes a power amplifier 125, a shaping filter circuit 126 and a receiving circuit 127, wherein the power amplifier 125 and the shaping filter circuit 126 are connected in sequence in the destination path H1, and the receiving circuit 127 is connected in the return path H2. It can be understood that the signal transmitted from the self-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module 123 to the slave-controlled coupling module 124 will pass through the power amplifier 125 and the shaping filter circuit 126 in sequence, and the signal transmitted from the self-controlled coupling module 124 to the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module 123 will only pass through the receiving circuit 127.

Specifically, the signal in the battery module management module 120 (including data information such as voltage and temperature of each battery module p ₁ to p _N ) passes through the slave control carrier modulation and demodulation module 123, and then passes through the power amplifier 125 and the shaping filter circuit 126 in sequence, and is finally transmitted to the slave control coupling module 124 after signal level amplification and noise signal screening, and is sent to the DC carrier communication cable 140 through the slave control coupling module 124, and then sent to the master control unit 111 of the battery cluster management unit 110.

Correspondingly, the battery cluster management unit 110 obtains the signal sent by the battery module management module 120 through the main control carrier modem module 113 to collect the operation information of the battery cluster. When severe abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent (short circuit), leakage (insulation), overtemperature, etc. occur, the battery cluster management unit 110 sends instructions through the main control carrier modem module 113 to realize the control of the master control unit 111 over the slave control unit 121.

Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG1-2, each battery module management module 120 further includes a DC-DC conversion module 128, and the DC-DC conversion module 128 is connected to the DC carrier communication cable 140. By adopting the DC-DC conversion module, the battery box can be self-powered, and the layout cost of the power supply line can be further saved without the need for external power supply, and the line connection method can be further optimized.

The utility model also provides an energy storage battery management system, including a host computer and a connection structure 100 as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the host computer and the battery cluster management unit 110 in the connection structure 100 are interconnected. Due to the use of the connection structure 100, according to the above description, by optimizing the internal structure of the BCU and the BMU, the complex wiring harness connection structure in the CAN communication method in the prior art is replaced by a direct connection method using a DC carrier communication cable, thereby simplifying the wiring harness arrangement of the system; at the same time, since a wireless transceiver module is further configured inside the BCU and the BMU, the scalability of the energy storage battery management system and the stability and reliability of the data analysis structure can be improved.

The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above application disclosure is only an example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and/or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more application embodiments, in the above description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes merged into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of this application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

Although the present application has been described with reference to the current specific embodiments, ordinary technicians in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, as long as the changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the essential spirit of the present application, they will fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A connection structure for managing energy storage batteries, characterized in that it includes a battery cluster management unit BCU, at least one battery module management unit BMU and a plurality of battery boxes, each of which includes a plurality of battery modules, wherein: The multiple battery modules are connected via a DC carrier communication cable, and the multiple battery boxes are also connected via the DC carrier communication cable; The BMU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable to connect at least one of the plurality of battery boxes; and The BCU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable to connect the plurality of battery boxes. 2. The connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BCU comprises a main control unit and a wireless receiving module interconnected with the main control unit; and Each of the BMUs includes a slave control unit and a wireless transmission module corresponding to the wireless receiving module, and the wireless transmission module is interconnected with the slave control unit. 3. The connection structure as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the master control unit and/or the slave control unit respectively include any one of a micro control unit MCU, a field programmable gate array FPGA or a digital signal processor DSP. 4. The connection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the DC carrier communication cable comprises a copper bus or an electric cable. 5. The connection structure as described in claim 1 is characterized in that each of the battery boxes has a positive interface and a negative interface, and the positive interface and the negative interface of adjacent battery boxes are suitable for being connected to each other through the DC carrier communication cable, so that the multiple battery boxes are connected through the DC carrier communication cable. 6. The connection structure as described in claim 2 is characterized in that each of the BMUs also includes a slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module and a slave-control coupling module, wherein the slave-control carrier modulation and demodulation module is interconnected with the slave-control control unit, and the BMU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable through the slave-control coupling module. 7. The connection structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that each of the BMUs further includes a power amplifier, a shaping filter circuit and a receiving circuit, and there is an outgoing path and a return path corresponding to the signal transmission direction between the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module and the slave-controlled coupling module, the outgoing path is pointed from the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module to the slave-controlled coupling module, and the return path is pointed from the slave-controlled coupling module to the slave-controlled carrier modulation and demodulation module, wherein the power amplifier and the shaping filter circuit are connected in sequence in the outgoing path, and the receiving circuit is connected in the return path. 8. The connection structure as described in claim 2 is characterized in that each of the BCUs includes a main control carrier modulation and demodulation module and a main control coupling module, wherein the main control carrier modulation and demodulation module is interconnected with the main control unit, and the BCU is connected to the DC carrier communication cable through the main control coupling module. 9. The connection structure as described in claim 1 is characterized in that each of the BMUs further includes a plurality of AFE chips, and each of the AFE chips is interconnected with a battery module. 10 . The connection structure according to claim 9 , wherein the plurality of AFE chips are arranged in sequence, and every two adjacent AFE chips are interconnected via a daisy chain transformer. 11 . The connection structure according to claim 10 , wherein the AFE chip is an ADBMS1818 chip, the number of the AFE chips is 4, and the number of the daisy chain transformers is 3. 12. The connection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that each of the BMUs further comprises a DC-DC conversion module, and the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the DC carrier communication cable. 13. An energy storage battery management system, comprising: a host computer and a connection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the host computer and a battery cluster management unit BCU in the connection structure are interconnected.