CN220748306U - A deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for large-span composite roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of tunnel support, and specifically to a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for a large-span composite roof, including a deep anchoring device, a shallow reinforcement device, a flexible support device, and a composite roof. The shallow reinforcement device includes three grouting anchor rods, the flexible support device includes an elastic hollow pad, a steel belt, and a diamond mesh, and the composite roof includes a crushing zone, a delamination zone, and a non-crushing zone; the shallow reinforcement device is located in the crushing zone, and the deep anchoring device penetrates the crushing zone and the delamination zone and is anchored in the non-crushing zone; the flexible support device connects the deep anchoring device with the shallow reinforcement device on the surface of the crushing zone of the composite roof to form a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device; through the combination of multiple deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring devices, the composite roof support structure can be optimized, and the coupled support of the shallow crushing zone and the deep non-crushing zone of the large-span composite roof can be realized, thereby achieving the span reduction support of the large-span composite roof.

Description

A deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for large-span composite roof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of tunnel support, in particular to a deep-shallow coupling center-stabilizing anchoring device for a large-span composite roof.

Background technique

In recent years, in order to increase the speed of tunnel excavation, reduce the cost of tunnel construction, and meet the requirements of high production and efficiency of modern large-scale mines, the cross-section and span of the mining tunnels have been continuously increased, and the stability of the tunnel roof has been reduced. The difficulty of roof control has also been increasing, and sometimes it is even the main factor leading to roof collapse accidents in the anchor support mining tunnels, which seriously threatens the lives of underground personnel. The mining depth of mines is getting deeper and deeper, especially the deep large-section and large-span composite roof tunnels affected by tectonic stress. The roof is delaminated and damaged seriously. It is difficult to control the stability of the composite large-span cut-eye roof using conventional anchor net cable support. As the span increases, the stability is significantly reduced. In order to maintain the stability of this type of project, span reduction measures must be adopted. Conventional support methods cannot be used for the composite large-span cut-eye roof. The span must be reduced before support. The key to the composite large-span cut-eye roof is to find an effective span reduction support method for large-span cut-eyes.

The existing Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN201110218854.3 discloses a large-span cut-eye double micro-arch span reduction support method, which adopts a span reduction support method of secondary tunneling + double micro-arch section + anchor mesh cable + single pillar and hinged top beam, solving the problem of difficult control of the roof of large-span rectangular cut-eye; the existing Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN201110257950.9 discloses an asymmetric anchor mesh cable combined support method for special-shaped recovery tunnels in steep-angle coal seams, which realizes the combined asymmetric support method in the control of surrounding rock stability of special-shaped recovery tunnels in steep-angle coal seams, greatly reducing the number of tunnel repairs and reducing the tunnel support cost.

On the one hand, the span reduction support method of the authorized patent cannot well achieve the coupled support of the shallow crushing area and the deep non-crushing area of the composite roof, and on the other hand, it cannot effectively enhance the support effect of the span reduction support of the large-span cut-eye.

Utility Model Content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for a large-span composite roof, including a deep anchoring device, a shallow reinforcement device, a flexible support device, and a composite roof. The shallow reinforcement device includes three grouting anchor rods, the flexible support device includes an elastic hollow pad, a steel belt, and a diamond mesh, and the composite roof includes a crushing zone, a delamination zone, and a non-crushing zone; the shallow reinforcement device is located in the crushing zone, and the deep anchoring device penetrates the crushing zone and the delamination zone and is anchored in the non-crushing zone; the flexible support device connects the deep anchoring device with the shallow reinforcement device on the surface of the crushing zone of the composite roof to form a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device; through the combination of multiple deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring devices, the composite roof support structure can be optimized, and the coupled support of the shallow crushing zone and the deep non-crushing zone of the large-span composite roof can be realized, thereby achieving the span reduction support of the large-span composite roof.

Furthermore, the deep anchoring device is a prestressed anchor cable, including a first pre-tightening nut, an anchor ring, a gasket, a tray, and an anchor cable body.

Furthermore, the grouting anchor includes a grout plug, a second pre-tightening nut, an anchor plate, a grout stop plug, a grout outlet hole, and an anchor barb, wherein the grout outlet hole is used for grouting to ensure complete filling of the tunnel cracks, form an anchor bearing point in the shallow crushing area of the composite roof, and optimize the span reduction effect of the anchor support; the anchor barb is used to optimize the anchoring effect of the entire device.

Furthermore, the shallow reinforcement device includes three grouting anchor rods which are symmetrically distributed at 120 degrees with the deep anchor device as the center.

Furthermore, the deep-shallow coupled centering anchoring device includes a deep anchoring device and a shallow reinforcement device connected on the surface of the shallow crushing area of the composite roof through a flexible support device to form a claw-like structure, thereby expanding the axial support range of the tunnel; the shallow grouting anchor rod and the deep prestressed anchor cable cooperate with each other, the shallow grouting anchor rod avoids shear damage caused by instability of the prestressed anchor cable, and the deep prestressed anchor cable prevents the shallow grouting anchor rod from stretching and breaking.

Furthermore, the deep-shallow coupled centering anchoring device forms a conical support range in the large-span composite roof, achieving the support effect of centering the device in the deep non-crushed area of the large-span composite roof and stabilizing the center in the shallow crushed area of the large-span composite roof.

Furthermore, the elastic hollow pad is designed as a hollow structure, which can provide a certain support resistance for the entire device, and has a pressure-relieving function for the dynamic load generated by the deformation of the shallow broken surrounding rock of the complex top plate. When the shallow broken surrounding rock of the complex top plate is deformed, the overall support effect of the device can be ensured by the deformation of the elastic hollow pad; the elastic hollow pad is designed with a conical groove that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, which fits with the grouting anchor stop slurry plug, so that the grouting anchor and the elastic hollow pad are tightly combined.

Furthermore, the steel belt is designed with a plurality of conical grooves, which fit with the stop slurry plug of the grouting anchor rod, so that a plurality of deep and shallow coupling anchoring devices are firmly connected and work together to achieve the span reduction effect.

The nouns, conjunctions or adjectives involved in the above technical solution are explained as follows:

Sliding connection means that two objects are in contact but not fixed, and they can slide relative to each other;

A fixed connection means that there can be no relative movement between the connecting parts.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

(1) Reducing the span of a large span: Grouting is performed on the cracks in the broken area of the roof through a shallow reinforcement device, so that loose rock blocks are connected to form anchor bearing points. Together with the deep anchoring device that penetrates the broken area and the delamination area and is anchored in the non-broken area, the shallow grouting anchor rods prevent shear failure caused by the instability of the deep prestressed anchor cables, and the deep prestressed anchor cables prevent the shallow grouting anchor rods from stretching and breaking, thus achieving coupled support between the shallow broken area and the deep non-broken area of the composite roof, optimizing the suspension effect of the support structure, and achieving large span reduction.

(2) It is suitable for composite roof. Through the deformation effect of the elastic hollow pad in the flexible support device, the entire device still has a good support effect when the shallow area of the composite roof is broken;

(3) Enhance the support capacity and achieve the stabilizing effect. The deep-shallow coupling anchor device is a claw-like structure that optimizes the support effect of centering in the deep non-crushed area of the large-span composite roof and stabilizing the center in the shallow crushed area of the large-span composite roof, avoiding shear failure caused by instability of the prestressed anchor cable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for a large-span composite roof;

FIG2 is a schematic plan view of a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for a large-span composite roof;

FIG3 is a schematic elevation view of a deep-shallow coupled center-stabilizing anchoring device for a large-span composite roof;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the deep anchoring device of the utility model;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the utility model grouting anchor;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the elastic hollow pad of the utility model;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the steel belt of the utility model;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a diamond-shaped net of the present utility model.

Description of the numbers in the figure:

1. Deep anchoring device; 1-1. First pre-tightening nut; 1-2. Anchor ring; 1-3. Gasket; 1-4. Tray; 1-5. Anchor cable body;

2. Shallow reinforcement device; 2-1. Grouting anchor rod; 2-1a. Grout plug; 2-1b. Second pre-tightening nut; 2-1c. Anchor plate; 2-1d. Grout plug; 2-1e. Grout outlet hole; 2-1f. Anchor barb;

3. Flexible support device; 3-1. Elastic hollow pad; 3-1a. Anchor cable conical groove; 3-1b. Anchor rod conical groove; 3-2. Steel belt; 3-3. Diamond mesh;

4. Composite roof.

Detailed ways

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

A deep-shallow coupled centering anchoring device for a large-span composite roof, the application scenario of the utility model mainly includes a deep anchoring device 1, a shallow reinforcement device 2, a flexible support device 3 and a composite roof 4, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3;

The deep reinforcement device 1 comprises a first pre-tightening nut 1-1, an anchor ring 1-2, a gasket 1-3, a tray 1-4, and an anchor cable body 1-5; as shown in FIG4 ;

The grouting anchor rod 2-1 comprises 2-1a, a grout plug; 2-1b, a second pre-tightening nut; 2-1c, an anchor plate; 2-1d, a grout plug; 2-1e, a grout outlet hole; 2-1f, an anchor barb, as shown in FIG5 ;

The flexible support device 3 includes an elastic hollow pad 3-1, a steel belt 3-2, and a diamond mesh 3-3; as shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8;

The elastic hollow pad 3-1 includes 3-1a, an anchor cable conical groove; 3-1b, an anchor rod conical groove; as shown in FIG6;

The specific implementation steps are as follows:

S1. Place the diamond mesh on the surface of the composite roof crushing area that needs maintenance;

S2. Place the steel belt on the diamond net and fix it;

S3. Select deep anchoring devices and grouting anchor rods according to the site conditions, and install and fix them through the conical grooves of the anchor cable and the anchor rod in the steel belt;

S4. Install the elastic hollow pad so that the conical groove of the anchor cable and the conical groove of the anchor rod fit with the prestressed anchor cable and the grouting anchor rod respectively;

S5. Adjust the first pre-tightening nut in the deep anchoring device to ensure normal use of the device.

The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected.

Claims (5)

1. The deep and shallow coupling stable core anchoring device for the large-span composite top plate is characterized by comprising a deep anchoring device (1), a shallow reinforcing device (2), a flexible supporting device (3) and a composite top plate (4), wherein the shallow reinforcing device (2) is positioned in a shallow crushing area, the deep anchoring device (1) penetrates through the crushing area and a separation layer area and is anchored in a non-crushing area, the flexible supporting device (3) combines the deep anchoring device (1) with the shallow reinforcing device (2) on the surface of the crushing area of the composite top plate (4) to form the deep and shallow coupling stable core anchoring device, and a plurality of deep and shallow coupling stable core anchoring devices are connected in a sliding mode through the flexible supporting device (3) to form the deep and shallow coupling stable core anchoring device for the large-span composite top plate; the deep anchoring device is a prestressed anchor cable and comprises a first pre-tightening nut (1-1), an anchor ring (1-2), a gasket (1-3), a tray (1-4) and an anchor cable body (1-5); the shallow portion reinforcing device (2) comprises three grouting anchor rods (2-1), wherein the deep portion anchor devices (1) are used as centers, and the grouting anchor rods are symmetrically distributed at 120 degrees.

2. Deep and shallow coupled steady anchoring device for large span composite roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the grouting anchor (2-1) comprises a plug (2-1 a), a second pretension nut (2-1 b), an anchor pad (2-1 c), a stop plug (2-1 d), a grout outlet (2-1 e), an anchoring barb (2-1 f), wherein the grout outlet (2-1 e) is used for grouting.

3. The deep and shallow coupling steady anchoring device for a large-span composite roof according to claim 1, wherein the deep and shallow coupling steady anchoring device comprises a deep anchoring device (1) and a shallow reinforcing device (2) which are connected on the surface of a crushing area of the composite roof (4) through a flexible supporting device (3) to form a claw-shaped structure.

4. The deep-shallow coupling steady-core anchoring device for the large-span composite top plate according to claim 2, wherein the flexible supporting device (3) comprises an elastic hollow base plate (3-1), a steel belt (3-2) and a diamond-shaped net (3-3), the elastic hollow base plate (3-1) is designed to be of a hollow structure, and the elastic hollow base plate (3-1) is designed with anchor cable conical grooves (3-1 a) and anchor rod conical grooves (3-1 b) which are large and small from top to bottom and are mutually matched with a tray (1-4) in the deep anchoring device (1) and a grout stop plug (2-1 d) in a grouting anchor rod (2-1) so that the deep anchoring device (1), the shallow reinforcing device (2) and the elastic hollow base plate (3-1) are tightly combined.

5. The deep and shallow coupling steady anchoring device for the large-span composite roof according to claim 4, wherein the steel belt (3-2) is provided with a plurality of anchor rope conical grooves (3-1 a) and anchor rod conical grooves (3-1 b), so that a plurality of deep and shallow coupling anchoring devices are firmly connected and act together to achieve the effect of reducing the span.