CN220711201U

CN220711201U - Wiring structure of motor and four-pole series excited motor

Info

Publication number: CN220711201U
Application number: CN202322349134.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱泽春; 孔佳元; 乔中义; 金光虎
Original assignee: Hangzhou Joyoung Household Electrical Appliances Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Joyoung Household Electrical Appliances Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-30
Filing date: 2023-08-30
Publication date: 2024-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2033-08-30

Abstract

The disclosure relates to the technical field of series excited motors, and in particular relates to a wiring structure of a motor and a four-pole series excited motor. The wiring structure of the motor comprises an armature winding and four excitation windings uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of a stator core, wherein two N-pole coils are connected in series to form a first branch, two S-pole coils are connected in series to form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in series with the armature winding through a first electric brush and a second electric brush respectively, and an on-off switch is arranged on the first branch or the second branch. The wiring structure of the motor can realize that four exciting coils are used when high load is needed through the arrangement of the first exciting winding assembly and the second exciting winding assembly which are connected in parallel and the on-off switch, so that the magnetic field intensity of a stator is increased to improve the rotating speed of a rotor core under the high load, and two magnetic coils can be used for accelerating the rotor core when the rotating speed is required to be reduced.

Description

Wiring structure of motor and four-pole series excited motor

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of series excited motors, and in particular relates to a wiring structure of a motor and a four-pole series excited motor.

Background

The series excited motor is widely applied to various fields as a common direct current motor, and because the series excited motor can adaptively adjust the rotating speed according to different loads in a certain range, when the series excited motor is applied to a food processor, the load moment required by the initial processing stage of food is usually far greater than the load moment required by the later processing stage, which can cause the series excited motor to rotate at the very fast speed in the later processing stage, and on the other hand, when the initial processing stage is under a low-load working condition, the condition of excessive motor performance can occur, and unnecessary noise and power loss can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a wiring structure of a motor and a four-pole series excited motor.

In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a wiring structure of an electric machine, including an armature winding and four excitation windings uniformly arranged along a circumferential direction of a stator core, wherein two of the excitation windings disposed opposite each other are N-pole coils, the other two of the excitation windings disposed opposite each other are S-pole coils,

the two N electrode coils are connected in series to form a first branch, the two S electrode coils are connected in series to form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in series with the armature winding through a first electric brush and a second electric brush respectively, and an on-off switch is arranged on the first branch or the second branch.

Optionally, the first brush and the second brush are electrically connected through a voltage equalizing line.

Optionally, the on-off switch is a bidirectional thyristor switch.

In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a four-pole series motor using the wiring structure of the motor as described above, further comprising

The armature winding set is sleeved on the rotor core;

the stator iron core is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the rotor iron core;

a third brush and a fourth brush electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch, respectively;

the stator core comprises four tooth parts which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the four tooth parts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first electric brush, the second electric brush, the third electric brush and the fourth electric brush.

Optionally, the stator core further includes a yoke portion, the yoke portion is an annular structure coaxially disposed with the rotor core, and four tooth portions are connected or integrally formed with the yoke portion and form a magnetizer together.

Optionally, a pole shoe is arranged at one end of at least one tooth part facing the rotor core; in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, the pole shoes extend toward both sides of the tooth corresponding thereto.

Optionally, a first arc-shaped surface for avoiding the rotor core is arranged on one side of the pole shoe facing the rotor core.

Optionally, a second arc surface for avoiding the N-pole coil or the S-pole coil is arranged on one side of the pole shoe, which is opposite to the rotor core.

Optionally, the width of the tooth part is A; the width of the yoke part is B; wherein B is greater than or equal to 0.4A and less than or equal to 0.6A.

Optionally, the stator core further comprises an insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer is coated on the surfaces of the tooth part and the yoke part, and the insulating layer is of a plate-shaped structure matched with the shape of the stator core.

Optionally, the insulating layer includes two sets of end face portions and one set of side face portions; the two groups of end face parts are correspondingly arranged on two end faces of the stator core along the axial direction of the stator core, and the two groups of end face parts are detachably connected with the stator core; the side surface portion is provided on a circumferential side surface of the stator core and detachably connected with the stator core.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:

the wiring structure of the motor provided by the disclosure forms a first excitation winding assembly by connecting two N electrode coils in series, forms a second excitation winding assembly by connecting two S electrode coils in series, then connects the first excitation winding assembly with the second excitation winding assembly in parallel, and then utilizes an on-off switch to control the electrifying condition of one excitation winding assembly.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of connection relation of a wiring structure of a motor according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-pole series motor with only a first field winding assembly energized according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating layer and a stator core in a four-pole series motor according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

1, an armature winding; 2. a stator core; 21. a tooth portion; 211. pole shoes; 2111. a first arcuate surface; 2112. a second arcuate surface; 22. a yoke; 31. a first brush; 32. a second brush; 33. a third brush; 34. a fourth brush; 41. an N pole coil; 42. an S-pole coil; 5. an on-off switch; 61. a firing line; 62. a zero line; 7. equalizing line; 8. an insulating layer; 81. an end face portion; 82. a side surface portion.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, a further description of aspects of the present disclosure will be provided below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the disclosure.

Based on this, this embodiment provides a wiring structure of motor and quadrupole series excited machine, through forming first excitation winding subassembly with two N pole coils in series, form second excitation winding subassembly with two S pole coils in series, then first excitation winding subassembly is parallelly connected with second excitation winding subassembly, then utilize the mode of the switch-on condition of on-off control one of them excitation winding subassembly, can realize when needing high load, use four excitation coils to accelerate rotor core, guarantee that the motor moment of torsion is enough, when needing to reduce the rotational speed, cut off two S pole coils or two N pole coils, thereby reduce the influence of noise, slow down the carbon brush wearing and tearing and promote complete machine life-span, input power consumption synchronous decline simultaneously, the energy saving, realize controllable double-speed output; meanwhile, the two N-pole coils are connected in series, the two S-pole coils are connected in series, and the mode of the same-level series connection can facilitate lead wiring, reduce the probability of wrong wiring and realize foolproof in technology. The following is a detailed description of the present utility model by way of specific examples:

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the wiring structure of a motor provided in this embodiment includes an armature winding 1 and four excitation windings uniformly arranged along a circumferential direction of a stator core 2, wherein two oppositely arranged excitation windings are N-pole coils 41, the other two oppositely arranged excitation windings are S-pole coils 42, the two N-pole coils 41 are connected in series and form a first branch, the two S-pole coils 42 are connected in series and form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in series with the armature winding 1 through a first brush 31 and a second brush 32, and an on-off switch 5 is arranged on the first branch or the second branch; it should be understood that the first and second branches may be connected to the positive pole of the dc power supply, in which case the two outputs of the armature winding 1 are connected to the negative pole of the dc power supply in the opposite manner, and at the same time the first and second branches may also be connected to the live wire 61 of the ac power supply, in which case the two outputs of the armature winding 1 are connected to the neutral wire 62 of the ac power supply, in the opposite manner, as long as a current loop is formed.

According to the wiring structure of the motor, the two N pole coils 41 are connected in series to form the first exciting winding assembly, the two S pole coils 42 are connected in series to form the second exciting winding assembly, then the first exciting winding assembly is connected with the second exciting winding assembly in parallel, and then the on-off switch 5 is used for controlling the electrifying condition of one exciting winding assembly, so that the rotor iron core can be accelerated by using the four exciting coils when high load is required, the motor torque is enough, the two S pole coils 42 or the two N pole coils 41 are cut off when the rotating speed is required to be reduced, the influence of noise is reduced, the abrasion of a carbon brush is slowed down, the service life of the whole motor is prolonged, the input power consumption is synchronously reduced, the energy is saved, and the controllable double-speed output is realized; meanwhile, the two N-pole coils 41 are connected in series, the two S-pole coils 42 are connected in series, and the same-level series connection mode can facilitate lead wiring, reduce the probability of wrong wiring and realize foolproof in technology.

With continued reference to fig. 1, the first brush 31 and the second brush 32 are electrically connected by the equalizer line 7; by connecting the equalizing wire 7, the electric potential of the electric brush 3 electrically connected with the N-coil 41 and the electric brush 3 electrically connected with the S-coil 42 can be made the same, and the difference existing between the N-coil 41 and the S-coil 42 in coil winding can be offset, thereby improving the working stability of the whole motor.

In some embodiments, the on-off switch 5 is a bidirectional thyristor switch, and in particular, the on-off switch 5 may be one of a relay, a MOSFET switch, an electromagnetic switch, a photoelectric switch, a thyristor switch, or a mechanical switch, so long as on-off of the control circuit can be achieved.

In a second aspect, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a four-pole series motor, which includes the wiring structure of the motor as described above, and further includes a rotor core, on which an armature winding 1 is sleeved; the stator core 2 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the rotor core; a third brush 33 and a fourth brush 34, the third brush 33 and the fourth brush 34 being electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch, respectively; the stator core 2 includes four teeth 21 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the four teeth 21 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first brush 31, the second brush 32, the third brush 33 and the fourth brush 34; the two N-pole coils 41 and the two S-pole coils 42 can be wound on the four tooth portions 21 respectively, wherein the first electric brush 31 and one of the N-pole coils 41 can be positioned on the same radial direction of the stator core 2, and the second electric brush 32 and one of the S-pole coils 42 can be positioned on the same radial direction of the stator core 2, so that winding work of winding is more convenient; it should be appreciated that when both the first and second branches are connected to the line 61 of the ac power source, both the third brush 33 and the fourth brush 34 are connected to the neutral 62 of the ac power source.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the dashed line is a magnetic induction line, wherein an arrow on the magnetic induction line refers to a flowing direction of the magnetic induction line, the stator core 2 further includes a yoke 22, the yoke 22 is an annular structure coaxially arranged with the armature winding 1, and the four teeth 21 are connected with or integrally formed with the yoke 22 and together form a magnetizer; by matching the yoke 22 with the teeth 21, when the circuit of the two S-pole coils 42 is cut off, the magnetic induction lines generated by the two N-pole coils 41 can still form a magnetic induction line loop through the teeth 21 corresponding to the two S-pole coils 42, and the S-pole magnetic poles are formed at the positions of the two S-pole coils 42, that is, when the circuit of the two S-pole coils 42 is cut off, the effect of a quadrupole magnetic field can still be realized, and the stability of the motor operation is ensured; similarly, the on-off switch 5 can cut off the circuit of the two N-pole coils 41 to energize the two S-pole coils 42, and at this time, the four teeth 21 and the yoke 22 can still be utilized to form a complete magnetic induction line path, so that two N-pole magnetic poles are formed at the positions corresponding to the two N-pole coils 41, thereby realizing the effect of the quadrupole magnetic field.

In some embodiments, at least one tooth 21 is provided with a pole piece 211 towards one end of the armature winding 1; in the circumferential direction of the armature winding 1, the pole shoes 211 extend towards two sides of the corresponding tooth parts 21, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, by the arrangement of the pole shoes 211, the range of the tooth parts 21 for receiving magnetic induction lines emitted by adjacent magnetic poles can be increased, the loss of the magnetic induction lines generated by the exciting coil can be reduced, and the energy loss of the motor can be further reduced; in a further embodiment, pole shoes 211 are provided on each of the four teeth 21; by the pole shoes 211, the first exciting winding assembly and/or the second exciting winding assembly can be prevented from slipping off the corresponding tooth parts 21, and the limiting effect is achieved on the exciting winding.

With continued reference to fig. 2 and 3, the side of the pole piece 211 facing the armature winding 1 is provided with a first arc surface 2111 for avoiding the armature winding 1, the first arc surface 2111 can increase the range of receiving the magnetic induction wire while the pole piece 211 is closer to the armature winding 1, and the arrangement can avoid interference of the pole piece 211 on the operation of the armature winding 1.

In some embodiments, the side of the pole piece 211 facing away from the armature winding 1 is provided with a second arcuate surface 2112 for avoiding the N-pole coil 41 or the S-pole coil 42; it should be noted that, the second arc surface 2112 faces the concave side of the first arc surface 2111 in the same direction, and by the arrangement of the second arc surface 2112, not only the winding space on the tooth 21 can be increased, but also the winding can be guided to the tooth 21 position by the second arc surface 2112 during winding, so as to prevent the N-pole coil 41 or the S-pole coil 42 from being separated from the tooth 21.

In some embodiments, the width of the teeth 21 is a; the yoke 22 has a width B; wherein B is greater than or equal to 0.4A and less than or equal to 0.6A; in some embodiments, the width of the tooth 21 is 14mm, the width of the yoke 22 is 6.5mm, and the width of the tooth 21 and the width of the yoke 22 can be determined according to parameters of the motor, so that the characteristic of being able to pass twice as many magnetic induction lines as the yoke 22 according to the number of the magnetic induction lines of the tooth 21 is provided, thereby fully utilizing the material property.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the four-pole series excited machine further includes an insulating layer 8, where the insulating layer 8 is wrapped on surfaces of the teeth 21 and the yoke 22, and the insulating layer 8 is of a plate structure matched with the shape of the stator core 2, it should be understood that the insulating layer 8 is of a thin plate structure, and the arrangement of the insulating layer 8 can insulate the teeth 21 and the yoke 22 from the outside, and simultaneously reduce interference of the insulating layer 8 on winding, increase winding space of the first exciting winding assembly and the second exciting winding assembly, obviously reduce copper consumption during winding, and reduce copper loss.

In some embodiments, insulating layer 8 includes two sets of end face portions 81 and one set of side face portions 82; the two groups of end face parts 81 are correspondingly arranged on two end faces of the stator core 2 along the axial direction of the stator core, and the two groups of end face parts 81 are detachably connected with the stator core 2; the side surface parts 82 are arranged on the circumferential side surface of the stator core 2 and are detachably connected with the stator core 2, or two groups of end surface parts 81 are mutually connected, and then the stator core 2 is clamped at the middle position; by the engagement of the two sets of end surface portions 81 and the side surface portions 82, the insulating layer 8 can be more conveniently attached and detached.

The specific implementation manner and implementation principle are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the same or similar technical effects can be brought, which are not described in detail herein, and specific reference may be made to the description of the above four-pole series excited machine embodiment.

It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the disclosure to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown and described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The wiring structure of the motor comprises an armature winding (1) and four exciting windings which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of a stator core (2), wherein two exciting windings which are oppositely arranged are N-pole coils (41), the other two exciting windings which are oppositely arranged are S-pole coils (42), and the wiring structure is characterized in that,

two N pole coils (41) are connected in series and form a first branch, two S pole coils (42) are connected in series and form a second branch, the first branch is connected in parallel with the second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in series with the armature winding (1) through a first electric brush (31) and a second electric brush (32) respectively, and an on-off switch (5) is arranged on the first branch or the second branch.

2. The wiring structure of an electric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the first brush (31) and the second brush (32) are electrically connected by a voltage equalizing line (7).

3. The connection structure of an electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the on-off switch (5) is a triac.

4. A four-pole series motor comprising the wiring structure of the motor of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising

The armature winding (1) is sleeved on the rotor core;

the stator core (2) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the rotor core;

a third brush (33) and a fourth brush (34), the third brush (33) and the fourth brush (34) being electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch, respectively;

the stator core (2) comprises four tooth parts (21) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the four tooth parts (21) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first electric brush (31), the second electric brush (32), the third electric brush (33) and the fourth electric brush (34).

5. The four-pole series motor according to claim 4, wherein the stator core (2) further comprises a yoke (22), the yoke (22) is an annular structure coaxially arranged with the rotor core, and four teeth (21) are connected or integrally formed with the yoke (22) and together form a magnetizer.

6. A four-pole series motor according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one of the teeth (21) is provided with a pole shoe (211) towards one end of the rotor core; in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, the pole shoes (211) extend toward both sides of the tooth (21) corresponding thereto.

7. The four-pole series motor according to claim 6, characterized in that the pole shoes (211) are provided with a first arc surface (2111) for avoiding the rotor core on the side facing the rotor core.

8. A four-pole series motor according to claim 5, characterized in that the width of the teeth (21) is a; the width of the yoke part (22) is B; wherein B is greater than or equal to 0.4A and less than or equal to 0.6A.

9. The four-pole series motor according to claim 5, further comprising an insulating layer (8), the insulating layer (8) being provided over the surfaces of both the tooth (21) and the yoke (22), the insulating layer (8) being of a plate-like structure that matches the shape of the stator core (2).

10. The four-pole series motor according to claim 9, wherein the insulating layer (8) comprises two sets of end face portions (81) and a set of side face portions (82); the two groups of end face parts (81) are correspondingly arranged on two end faces of the stator core (2) along the axial direction of the stator core, and the two groups of end face parts (81) are detachably connected with the stator core (2); the side surface portion (82) is provided on the circumferential side surface of the stator core (2) and is detachably connected to the stator core (2).