CN220710384U - Battery monomer, battery and electric equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery structures and provides a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment, wherein the battery monomer comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, a supporting piece and a foaming material piece, the shell comprises a shell and an end cover, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the end cover, the electrode assembly is arranged in a containing cavity formed by the shell, and the foaming material piece is arranged in the containing cavity; according to the battery cell provided by the embodiment of the application, under the condition that thermal runaway occurs, the electrode assembly expands due to the thermal runaway, the foaming material piece can form a support between the electrode assembly and the shell or between adjacent electrode assemblies in the accommodating cavity, and the foaming material piece can be heated to decompose to form a porous medium, so that the porous medium formed by the foaming material piece can form an exhaust gap by utilizing the porous structure of the porous medium, and the probability of blocking the exhaust path inside the battery cell due to the expansion of the electrode assembly under the thermal runaway condition can be effectively reduced.

Description

Battery monomer, battery and electric equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of battery structures, and particularly provides a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment.

Background

Under the condition that the thermal runaway occurs in the battery monomer, a large amount of gas can be rapidly generated in the battery monomer, and at the moment, the explosion-proof valve of the battery monomer can be opened, so that the gas generated by the thermal runaway can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve.

However, since the electrode assembly inside the battery cell expands during thermal runaway, the expanded electrode assembly may cause a vent path between where thermal runaway occurs and the explosion-proof valve to be blocked, thereby causing gas generated by the thermal runaway to be not normally discharged.

Disclosure of Invention

An aim of the embodiment of the application is to provide a battery monomer, battery and consumer, aim at solving the battery monomer and take place the problem that the inflation probably leads to blockking up the inside exhaust path of battery monomer because of electrode assembly when taking place thermal runaway.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery monomer, including a housing, a support member, an electrode assembly, and a foam material member, where the housing includes a casing and an end cover, a housing cavity having an opening is formed on the casing, the end cover is covered at the opening, and an explosion-proof valve is provided on the end cover; the electrode assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the supporting piece is arranged between the end cover and the electrode assembly; the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the shell; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the support piece; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the end cover and the supporting piece; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between two adjacent electrode assemblies.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are that: the battery monomer that this embodiment provided, through setting up the foaming material spare in holding the intracavity, under the circumstances that takes place thermal runaway, electrode assembly produces the inflation because of thermal runaway, the foaming material spare can be to electrode assembly and casing in holding the intracavity, or to between adjacent electrode assembly, or to electrode assembly and support piece, or to support piece and end cover between form the support, and the foaming material spare can be heated and decomposed and form porous medium, and from this, the porous medium that the foaming material spare formed can utilize its self porous structure to form the exhaust clearance, thereby can effectively reduce the probability that leads to blockking up the inside exhaust path of battery monomer because of electrode assembly inflation under the thermal runaway condition.

In some embodiments, the housing includes an end portion and a peripheral side portion; the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the end part; and/or the foaming material member is disposed between the electrode assembly and the peripheral portion.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can be arranged between the electrode assembly and the end part and/or between the electrode assembly and the peripheral side part, under the condition of thermal runaway, the foaming material piece can form a support between the electrode assembly and the end part and/or between the electrode assembly and the peripheral side part, and the foaming material piece is heated to decompose to form a porous medium so as to form an exhaust gap, so that the probability of blocking an exhaust path between the end part and/or the peripheral side part due to expansion of the electrode assembly is reduced.

In some embodiments, the battery cell further comprises a bottom plate disposed between the electrode assembly and the end portion; the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the bottom supporting plate; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the end part; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged on the bottom supporting plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can be arranged on the bottom supporting plate and/or arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the electrode assembly and/or arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the end part, the foaming material piece is used for forming a support, and the porous medium is formed through thermal decomposition to form an exhaust gap, so that the probability of blocking an exhaust path due to expansion of the electrode assembly caused by thermal runaway is reduced.

In some embodiments, the foam piece is secured to the base plate; and/or, the foaming material member is fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end part.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can be fixed on the bottom supporting plate, and/or fixed on the surface of the electrode assembly, and/or fixed on the inner side wall of the end part, so that the foaming material piece is fixedly arranged.

In some embodiments, the foam piece is secured to the support; and/or, the foaming material member is fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end cover.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can be fixed on the support piece, and/or fixed on the surface of the electrode assembly, and/or fixed on the inner side wall of the end cover, so that the foaming material piece is fixedly arranged.

In some embodiments, the battery cell further comprises an insulating protective film, the insulating protective film being coated on the electrode assembly; the foaming material piece is arranged on the insulating protective film; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the insulating protective film and the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the insulating protective film and the shell.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can be arranged on the insulating protective film and/or arranged between the insulating protective film and the electrode assembly and/or arranged between the insulating protective film and the shell, the foaming material piece is used for forming a support, and the porous medium is formed through thermal decomposition to form an exhaust gap, so that the probability of blocking an exhaust path due to expansion of the electrode assembly caused by thermal runaway is reduced.

In some embodiments, the foam piece is secured to the insulating protective film; and/or, the foaming material member is fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the shell.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can be fixed on the insulating protective film, and/or fixed on the surface of the electrode assembly, and/or fixed on the inner side wall surface of the shell, so as to realize the fixed arrangement of the foaming material piece.

In some embodiments, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foam piece is: a < 1×10 ^-3 mm/. Degree.C; under the condition that the ambient temperature is more than 200 ℃, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foaming material piece is as follows: a > 2×10 ^-3 mm/℃。

By adopting the technical scheme, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foaming material piece is less than 1 multiplied by 10 when the ambient temperature is less than 85 DEG C ^-3 mm/°c, so in normal operation, the expansion degree of the foaming material piece is lower, and the influence on the internal space of the battery monomer is lower; meanwhile, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foaming material piece is larger than 2 multiplied by 10 when the ambient temperature is larger than 200 DEG C ^-3 mm/. Degree.C.so that in the case of thermal runaway, the expansion degree of the foam material member is high, and the foam material member can support the formed exhaust gap to be larger, thereby further reducing the probability of clogging the exhaust path due to expansion of the electrode assembly caused by thermal runaway.

In some embodiments, the number of foam pieces is two or more, the foam pieces being spaced apart.

Through adopting foretell technical scheme, the foaming material spare is interval distribution, compares in the connection and sets up the foaming material spare, can be under the realization foaming material spare supports the condition that forms the exhaust clearance, reduces the material volume of foaming material spare to can reduce use cost.

In some embodiments, the foam piece comprises any one of azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazides, nitroso compounds, carbonates, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black, and trichloramides.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming material piece can comprise any one of azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazides compounds, nitroso compounds, carbonates, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black and trichlorocyanamides, and the purpose of forming an exhaust gap by supporting and decomposing the foaming material piece formed by the materials to form a porous medium can be realized.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a battery, including a battery cell as described above.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are that: the battery that this application embodiment provided, including foretell battery monomer, under the lower circumstances of the inside exhaust route of foretell battery monomer by the probability of jam, the battery is more smooth and easy in the exhaust when thermal runaway, and the battery is because of thermal runaway leads to inside probability lower that forms high-pressure explosion.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, including a battery as described above, where the battery is used to provide electric energy.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are that: the embodiment of the application provides an electric equipment, including foretell battery, the battery is because of the thermal runaway causes the inside lower circumstances of probability that forms high-pressure explosion, and the stability in use of electric equipment is better.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a housing facing an end view according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a support member according to an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:

a vehicle 1000;

battery 100, controller 200, motor 300;

a case 10, a first portion 11, a second portion 12;

the battery cell 20, the case 21, the housing chamber 21a, the end cap 211, the electrode terminal 211a, the explosion-proof valve 211b, the case 212, the opening 212a, the end 2121, the peripheral portion 2122, the electrode assembly 22, the tab 22a, the foam material member 23, the bottom plate 24, the support member 25, and the insulating protective film 26.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

Currently, the application of power batteries is more widespread from the development of market situation. The power battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, and the like, and a plurality of fields such as military equipment, aerospace, and the like. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the power battery, the market demand of the power battery is also continuously expanding.

Under the condition that the thermal runaway occurs in the battery monomer, a large amount of gas can be rapidly generated in the battery monomer, and at the moment, the explosion-proof valve of the battery monomer can be opened, so that the gas generated by the thermal runaway can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve. In the related art, a certain gap is formed between adjacent electrode assemblies or between the electrode assemblies and the case inside the battery cell, so that an exhaust path through which gas flows to the explosion-proof valve is formed between the adjacent electrode assemblies or between the electrode assemblies and the case; however, since the electrode assembly inside the battery cell expands during thermal runaway, the expanded electrode assembly may cause a gap between adjacent electrode assemblies or between the electrode assembly and the case to be blocked, thereby causing a vent path between where thermal runaway occurs to the explosion-proof valve to be blocked, and thus causing gas generated by thermal runaway to be not normally discharged.

Based on the above consideration, in order to solve the problem that the battery cell may cause blocking of the internal exhaust path of the battery cell due to expansion of the electrode assembly when thermal runaway occurs, a battery cell is designed, a foam material member is disposed in the receiving chamber of the housing of the battery cell, when thermal runaway occurs, the electrode assembly expands due to thermal runaway, the foam material member can form a support between the electrode assembly and the outer body or between adjacent electrode assemblies in the receiving chamber, and the foam material member can be thermally decomposed to form a porous medium, and thus the porous medium formed by the foam material member can form an exhaust gap by using its own porous structure, thereby effectively reducing the probability of blocking the internal exhaust path of the battery cell due to expansion of the electrode assembly under the thermal runaway condition.

The battery cell disclosed by the embodiment of the application can be used for electric equipment using a battery as a power supply or various energy storage systems using the battery as an energy storage element. The powered device may be, but is not limited to, a cell phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric automobile, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like.

For convenience of description, the following embodiments take a powered device according to an embodiment of the present application as an example of the vehicle 1000.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel oil vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a range-extended vehicle. The battery 100 is provided in the interior of the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation, and travel of the vehicle 1000.

In some embodiments of the present application, battery 100 may not only serve as an operating power source for vehicle 1000, but may also serve as a driving power source for vehicle 1000, instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas, to provide driving power for vehicle 1000.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case 10. The case 10 is used to provide an accommodating space for the battery cell 20, and the case 10 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 being overlapped with each other, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together defining an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one end opened, the first portion 11 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the first portion 11 covers the opening side of the second portion 12, so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a containing space; the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be hollow structures each having an opening at one side, and the opening side of the first portion 11 is engaged with the opening side of the second portion 12. Of course, the case 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like.

In the battery 100, the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, parallel or a series-parallel connection, wherein the series-parallel connection refers to that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series or parallel. The plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 in series or parallel or series-parallel connection, and a plurality of battery modules are then connected in series or parallel or series-parallel connection to form a whole and are accommodated in the case 10. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a bus member for making electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20.

Wherein each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; but not limited to, lithium sulfur batteries, sodium ion batteries, or magnesium ion batteries. The battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, etc.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery. As shown in fig. 3, the battery cell 20 includes a case 21, an electrode assembly 22, and other functional components, wherein the case 21 includes an end cap 211 and a case 212.

The end cap 211 refers to a member that is covered at the opening of the case 212 to isolate the inner environment of the battery cell 20 from the outer environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 211 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 212 to fit the housing 212. Alternatively, the end cover 211 may be made of a material having a certain hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy), so that the end cover 211 is not easy to deform when being extruded and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher structural strength, and the reliability can be improved. The end cap 211 may be provided with a functional member such as an electrode terminal 211 a. The electrode terminal 211a may be used to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 22 for outputting or inputting electric power of the battery cell 20; the electrode terminal 211a includes a positive electrode post, a negative electrode post, an upper plastic, and the like, one ends of which can be directly connected with the bus bar, and the other ends of which can be connected with one of the adjacent battery cells 20 in the battery 100 or the battery module. In some embodiments, the end cap 211 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for relieving the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of the end cap 211 may also be various, for example, the material of the end cap 211 includes, but is not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

The case 212 is an assembly for cooperating with the end cap 211 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment may be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22, electrolyte, and other components. The case 212 and the end cap 211 may be separate members, and an opening may be provided in the case 212, and the interior of the battery cell 20 may be formed by closing the end cap 211 at the opening. The end cap 211 and the housing 212 may be integrated, and specifically, the end cap 211 and the housing 212 may form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing, and when the interior of the housing 212 needs to be sealed, the end cap 211 is covered with the housing 212. The housing 212 may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 212 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22. The material of the housing 212 may be various, for example, the material of the housing 212 includes, but is not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

The electrode assembly 22 is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20. One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained within housing 212. The electrode assembly 22 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is generally provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets having the active material constitute the main body portion of the electrode assembly 22, and the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets having no active material constitute the tabs 22a, respectively. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab may be located at one end of the main body portion together or located at two ends of the main body portion respectively. During charge and discharge of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 22a is connected to the electrode terminal to form a current loop.

Referring to fig. 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, a battery cell 20 is provided, including a case 21, an electrode assembly 22, a support member 25, and a foam member 23, where the case 21 includes a housing 212 and an end cap 211, a receiving cavity 21a having an opening 212a is formed on the housing 212, the end cap 211 is covered at the opening 212a, and an explosion-proof valve 211b is provided on the end cap 211; the electrode assembly 22 is disposed in the receiving chamber 21a, and the support 25 is disposed between the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 22; the foam member 23 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 212; and/or, the foaming material 23 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the support 25; and/or the foaming material 23 is disposed between the end cap 211 and the support 25; and/or the foaming material member 23 is disposed between the adjacent two electrode assemblies 22.

Wherein the foam material piece 23 refers to a structural member made of a foam material; for example, the foaming material member 23 may have various structures such as a bump, a convex strip, a bump, a convex plate, etc. made of a foaming material.

The foaming material member 23 may be fixed to the inner wall of the receiving chamber 21a by means of bonding, or to the surface of the electrode assembly 22; or a groove can be formed on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 21a to accommodate and clamp and fix the part of the foaming material piece 23; alternatively, the foam member 23 may be adhered to any plastic structure in the accommodating chamber 21a, or may be fixed to any plastic structure by thermoplastic wrapping.

The support 25 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 211, and the support 25 may be fixed on the inner sidewall surface of the end cap 211 by clamping, hot melt connection, bonding, or the like, for example; the supporting piece 25 is used for insulating and protecting the end cover 211, and can play a limiting role on the electrode assembly 22 so as to limit the state that the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 21a, and reduce the probability of shaking of the electrode assembly 22. The supporting member 25 may be an insulating film layer or an injection-molded structure.

Alternatively, the foaming material member 23 may be disposed at any place within the receiving chamber 21a, for example, at any place between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 21, or between adjacent electrode assemblies 22 and between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 21.

For example, the foaming material 23 may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 212; for example, the foam member 23 may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and a side of the case 212 facing away from the end cap 211, or may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and a peripheral side wall of the case 212 intersecting the end cap 211, whereby, when the electrode assembly 22 expands toward any one or more of the cases 212 due to thermal runaway, the corresponding one or more foam members 23 may be supported between the expanded electrode assembly 22 and the case 212 to reduce the probability of the electrode assembly 22 expanding to form a seal with the side of the case 212 facing away from the end cap 211; and the foam material 23 can be heated to be decomposed to form a porous medium, so that high-temperature smoke generated by thermal runaway can flow from the porous structure of the porous medium, and the probability of blocking the exhaust path due to expansion of the electrode assembly 22 is further reduced.

Alternatively, the foaming material member 23 may be fixed to the electrode assembly 22, or to the support member 25, or to the inner side wall surface of the cap 211; alternatively, the foaming material member 23 is fixed to at least two of the surface of the electrode assembly 22, the support member 25 and the inner side wall surface of the cap 211; thus, in case of thermal runaway, the support 25 is melted through, if the electrode assembly 22 expands toward the end cap 211, the foaming material 23 can be supported between the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 211 to reduce the probability of the explosion-proof valve 211b being blocked due to the expansion of the electrode assembly 22, and the foaming material 23 can be thermally decomposed to form a porous medium to improve the exhaust efficiency at the foaming material 23.

Alternatively, the foaming material member 23 may be disposed between the adjacent two electrode assemblies 22; for example, the foaming material member 23 may be disposed between two adjacent electrode assemblies 22, or the foaming material member 23 may be disposed between each adjacent electrode assembly 22, whereby, when the electrode assemblies 22 expand toward the adjacent electrode assemblies 22 due to thermal runaway, the foaming material member 23 may be supported between the adjacent electrode assemblies 22 to reduce the probability of clogging between the adjacent electrode assemblies 22 due to expansion; and the foaming material member 23 is heated and may be decomposed to form a porous medium so that high-temperature smoke generated from thermal runaway flows from the porous structure of the porous medium, thereby improving the exhaust smoothness between the electrode assemblies 22. It will be appreciated that the gap between adjacent electrode assemblies 22 is generally directed toward the end cap 211, and possibly even toward the explosion proof valve 211b on the end cap 211, whereby maintaining the exhaust path between adjacent electrode assemblies 22 with the foam material 23 can effectively improve the efficiency of exhaust from the explosion proof valve 211 b.

It should be understood that the foaming material 23 may be disposed between the adjacent electrode assemblies 22, the electrode assemblies 22 and the end cap 211, and between the electrode assemblies 22 and the case 212, or at any two of the above.

The foaming material member 23 may be fixed to the inner side wall surface of the case 212, or the inner side wall surface of the cap 211, or the surface of the electrode assembly 22 by means of bonding; alternatively, a groove may be formed on the inner side wall surface of the housing 212 to accommodate and clamp the portion of the foaming material member 23. Alternatively, the foam member 23 may be secured to other structural members (e.g., insulating layers, pallets, support members 25, etc.) present within the receiving cavity 21 a.

It will be appreciated that, when the battery cell 20 is operating normally, the foaming material piece 23 may exist in the gap between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 212, or the gap between the adjacent two electrode assemblies 22, and thus, the influence of the foaming material piece 23 on the capacity of the receiving chamber 21a of the battery cell 20 is low, the influence of the foaming material piece 23 on the energy density of the battery cell 20 is low, and even no influence on the energy density of the battery cell 20 can be achieved.

In the case where thermal runaway occurs in the electrode assembly 22 inside the battery cell 20, a large amount of high-temperature smoke is rapidly generated inside the battery cell 20, and thermal expansion may occur in the electrode assembly 22; at this time, the foaming material member 23 can form a support between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 21 or between the adjacent electrode assemblies 22, and the foaming material member 23 is thermally decomposed by the high-temperature smoke to form a porous medium, whereby the high-temperature smoke generated due to thermal runaway can pass through a porous structure on the porous medium to realize circulation.

According to the battery cell 20 provided by the embodiment of the application, the foaming material piece 23 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 21a, under the condition that thermal runaway occurs, the electrode assembly 22 expands due to the thermal runaway, the foaming material piece 23 can form a support between the electrode assembly 22 and the outer body or between adjacent electrode assemblies 22 in the accommodating cavity 21a, and the foaming material piece 23 can be thermally decomposed to form a porous medium, so that the porous medium formed by the foaming material piece 23 can form an exhaust gap by utilizing the porous structure of the porous medium, and the probability of blocking the exhaust path inside the battery cell 20 due to the expansion of the electrode assembly 22 under the condition of thermal runaway can be effectively reduced.

It is understood that the foam material member 23 may also be thermally decomposed to generate a flame retardant gas, so that the formation suppressing effect on thermal runaway can be suppressed.

Referring to fig. 3-5, in some embodiments, housing 212 includes an end 2121 and a peripheral side 2122; the foam member 23 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121; and/or, the foaming material member 23 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122.

Here, the end 2121 of the housing 212 refers to a portion of the housing 212 opposite to the other end of the opening 212a, the peripheral portion 2122 of the housing 212 refers to a peripheral portion 2122 surrounding the opening 212a, and the peripheral portion 2122 surrounds the end 2121 and forms the accommodation chamber 21a.

Alternatively, the foam member 23 may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121, whereby, when the electrode assembly 22 expands toward the end 2121 of the case 212 due to thermal runaway, the foam member 23 located between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121 can form a support to reduce the probability of clogging between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121 due to expansion; and the foaming material member 23 is heated and may be decomposed to form a porous medium so that high-temperature smoke generated from thermal runaway flows from the porous structure of the porous medium, thereby improving the exhaust smoothness between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121 when thermal runaway occurs at the side of the electrode assembly 22 toward the end 2121.

Alternatively, the foam material 23 may also be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122, whereby, when the electrode assembly 22 expands toward the end portion 2121 of the case 212 due to thermal runaway, the foam material 23 located between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122 can form a support to reduce the probability of clogging between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side due to expansion; and the foaming material member 23 is heated and may be decomposed to form a porous medium so that high-temperature fumes generated from thermal runaway flow from the porous structure of the porous medium, thereby enabling to improve the exhaust gas smoothness between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side 2122 when thermal runaway occurs at the side of the electrode assembly 22 toward the end 2121 or thermal runaway occurs at the side of the electrode assembly 22 toward the peripheral side 2122.

It should be appreciated that the foam material 23 may also be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122, and between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portion 2121.

Alternatively, the foam material 23 may be fixed to the inner side wall surface of the end portion 2121, the inner side wall surface of the peripheral side portion 2122, or the surface of the electrode assembly 22 by means of adhesive fixation; alternatively, a groove may be formed in the inner wall surface of the end portion 2121 or the inner wall surface of the peripheral portion 2122 to accommodate and lock a portion of the foam material member 23.

The foam material 23 may be distributed between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral portion 2122 and/or between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portion 2121 in a dot or stripe shape at intervals, or the foam material 23 may be distributed between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral portion 2122 and/or between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portion 2121 in a block or plate-like structure.

Illustratively, in some specific embodiments, foam members 23 are disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122, and between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portion 2121, the number of foam members 23 is at least two, and the foam members 23 are in a strip-like structure. Wherein, between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side 2122, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves may be formed on the inner side wall surface of the peripheral side 2122, and a portion of the foaming material may be clamped and fixed in the strip-shaped grooves; the length direction of the grooves may be arranged along the direction from the end 2121 to the opening 212a, and the grooves are distributed at intervals in a plurality of rows along the direction from the end 2121 to the opening 212a, for example, two rows are formed at intervals, and each row is formed in a plurality of columns along the direction perpendicular to the direction from the end 2121 to the opening 212 a; as shown in fig. 4, two rows and five columns of array distribution may be formed on the inner side wall surface of one of the large faces of the peripheral portion 2122. A plurality of bar-shaped grooves may be formed on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121 between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121, and the plurality of bar-shaped grooves may be distributed in an array on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121; as shown in fig. 5, two rows and two columns of stripe grooves are formed on the inner side wall surface of the end portion 2121.

So configured, the foam member 23 may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portion 2121, and/or between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122, in the event of thermal runaway, the foam member 23 may be capable of forming a support between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portion 2121, and/or between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122, and the foam member 23 may be thermally decomposed to form a porous medium capable of forming an exhaust gap to reduce the probability that the expansion of the electrode assembly 22 will cause clogging of the exhaust path between the end portion 2121 and/or the peripheral side portion 2122.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, in some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes a bottom plate 24, the bottom plate 24 being disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121; the foaming material 23 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the bottom plate 24; and/or, the foam member 23 is disposed between the bottom plate 24 and the end 2121; and/or the foam member 23 is disposed on the bottom pallet 24.

Wherein a bottom plate 24 is disposed between electrode assembly 22 and end 2121, and primarily supports electrode assembly 22.

Alternatively, the foaming material member 23 may be fixed to the electrode assembly 22, or to the bottom plate 24, or to the inner side wall surface of the end portion 2121; alternatively, a foam material member 23 is fixed to at least two of the surface of the electrode assembly 22, the bottom plate 24, and the inner side wall surface of the end portion 2121.

In the event of thermal runaway, the bottom plate 24 may be melted through, if the electrode assembly 22 expands toward the end 2121, the foam member 23 may be supported between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121 to reduce the probability of the electrode assembly 22 expanding to block the exhaust path between the end 2121, and the foam member 23 may be thermally decomposed to form a porous medium to improve the exhaust efficiency at the foam member 23.

So configured, the foaming material member 23 may be disposed on the bottom plate 24 and/or between the bottom plate 24 and the electrode assembly 22 and/or between the bottom plate 24 and the end 2121, and in the event of thermal runaway, the bottom plate 24 may melt, so that the foaming material member 23 may be utilized to support the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121 and form an exhaust gap by thermal decomposition to form a porous medium, thereby reducing the probability that the electrode assembly 22 expands due to thermal runaway to block an exhaust path.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, in some embodiments, the foam member 23 is secured to the bottom pallet 24; and/or, the foaming material 23 is fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22; and/or the foaming material 23 is fixed to the inner side wall surface of the end 2121.

The foaming material piece 23 may be fixed on the bottom support plate 24, for example, may be adhered and fixed on any side surface of the bottom support plate 24, or a positioning groove is formed on the bottom support plate 24 to accommodate and clamp a portion of the foaming material piece 23, or the bottom support plate 24 may cover the foaming material piece 23 in a thermoplastic wrapping manner.

The foaming material 23 may be fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22, for example, by bonding.

The foaming material member 23 may be fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121, for example, adhered and fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121, or a groove is formed on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121, and the part of the foaming material member 23 is accommodated and clamped by the groove to realize positioning and fixing.

So configured, the foam member 23 may be secured to the bottom plate 24, and/or to the surface of the electrode assembly 22, and/or to the inner side walls of the end portions 2121, to achieve a secure arrangement of the foam member 23, as well as to achieve support of the foam member 23 between the electrode assembly 22 and the end portions 2121 and formation of a porous medium for improved smoothness of exhaust in the event of thermal runaway.

Referring to fig. 3 and 6, in some embodiments, the foam member 23 is fixed to the support member 25; and/or, the foaming material 23 is fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22; and/or the foaming material 23 is fixed to the inner side wall surface of the end cap 211.

The foaming material piece 23 may be fixed on the supporting piece 25, for example, may be adhered to and fixed on the surface of the supporting piece 25, or a positioning groove is formed on the supporting piece 25 to accommodate and clamp a portion of the foaming material piece 23 to achieve positioning and installation, or the supporting piece 25 may cover the foaming material piece 23 in a thermoplastic wrapping manner.

The foaming material 23 may be fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22, for example, by bonding.

The foaming material piece 23 may be fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end cover 211, for example, adhered and fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end cover 211, or a groove is formed on the inner side wall surface of the end cover 211, and the part of the foaming material piece 23 is accommodated and clamped by the groove to realize positioning and fixing.

So configured, the foaming material member 23 may be fixed on the support member 25, and/or on the surface of the electrode assembly 22, and/or on the inner side wall of the end cap 211, to achieve a fixed disposition of the foaming material member 23, and to achieve the purpose of supporting the foaming material member 23 between the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 211 and forming a porous medium in the event of thermal runaway to improve the smoothness of exhaust.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes an insulating protective film 26, and the insulating protective film 26 is coated on the electrode assembly 22; the foaming material piece 23 is arranged on the insulating protective film 26; and/or, the foaming material 23 is disposed between the insulating protective film 26 and the electrode assembly 22; and/or the foam member 23 is disposed between the insulating protective film 26 and the housing 212.

The insulating protective film 26 is a film layer structure for covering the electrode assembly 22 and for insulating and protecting the electrode assembly 22.

Alternatively, the foaming material member 23 may be fixed to the electrode assembly 22, or to the insulating protective film 26, or to the inner side wall surface of the case 212; alternatively, the foaming material member 23 is fixed to at least two of the surface of the electrode assembly 22, the insulating protective film 26, and the inner side wall surface of the cap 211.

In the case of thermal runaway, the insulating protective film 26 is melted through, if the electrode assembly 22 expands toward the case 212, the foam member 23 can be supported between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 212 to reduce the probability of blocking the exhaust path between the case 212 and the electrode assembly 22 due to expansion, and the foam member 23 can be thermally decomposed to form a porous medium to improve the exhaust efficiency at the foam member 23.

So configured, the foam member 23 may be disposed on the insulating protective film 26 and/or between the insulating protective film 26 and the electrode assembly 22 and/or between the insulating protective film 26 and the case 212, with the foam member 23 forming a support and forming an exhaust gap by thermal decomposition to form a porous medium, to reduce the probability of clogging the exhaust path of the electrode assembly 22 due to thermal runaway-induced expansion.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in some embodiments, the foam member 23 is fixed on the insulating protective film 26; and/or, the foaming material 23 is fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22; and/or the foaming material 23 is fixed to the inner side wall surface of the housing 212.

The foam member 23 may be fixed to the insulating protective film 26, for example, may be adhesively fixed to either side surface of the support member 25, or the insulating protective film 26 may be wrapped around the foam member 23 by thermoplastic wrapping.

The foaming material 23 may be fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22, for example, by bonding.

The foaming material 23 may be fixed on the inner side wall of the housing 212, for example, adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the housing 212, or a groove is formed on the inner side wall of the housing 212, and the part of the foaming material 23 is accommodated and clamped by the groove to realize positioning and fixing.

So arranged, the foam member 23 may be fixed on the insulating protective film 26, and/or on the surface of the electrode assembly 22, and/or on the inner side wall surface of the case 212, to achieve a fixed arrangement of the foam member 23, and to achieve the purpose of supporting the foam member 23 between the electrode assembly 22 and the case 212 and forming a porous medium to improve the smoothness of exhaust gas in the event of thermal runaway.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in some embodiments, in the case where the ambient temperature is less than 85 ℃, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foam member 23 is: a < 1×10 ^-3 mm/. Degree.C; in the case where the ambient temperature is greater than 200 ℃, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foam material member 23 is: a > 2×10 ^-3 mm/℃。

As can be appreciated, the battery cell 20 is in a normal operating conditionAn environment with an ambient temperature of less than 85 ℃ can be considered; in the normal working state, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foaming material piece 23 can be selected to be a < 1 multiplied by 10 ^-3 mm/. Degree.C.is lower, that is, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foam material piece 23 is lower at this time, the expansion degree of the foam material piece 23 is lower, so that the foam material piece 23 has lower influence on the space inside the battery cell 20 in the normal operating state.

When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, a large amount of high-temperature smoke is generated, and the temperature is greater than 200 c, so that it can be considered that thermal runaway occurs when the ambient temperature is greater than 200 c. In the event of thermal runaway, the foam member 23 may be selected to have a coefficient of thermal expansion a of a > 2X 10 ^-3 mm/DEG C, that is, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foam material member 23 is relatively high at this time, the degree of expansion of the foam material member 23 is higher, so that in the event of thermal runaway, the foam material member 23 can expand and form sufficient support between the case 212 and the electrode assembly 22, between the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 22, or between adjacent two electrode assemblies 22, thereby effectively reducing the probability of blocking the exhaust path due to thermal runaway expansion of the electrode assemblies 22, and the foam material member 23 is thermally decomposed to form a porous medium capable of forming an exhaust gap, which can improve the smoothness of exhaust.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in some embodiments, the number of foam pieces 23 is two or more, and the foam pieces 23 are distributed at intervals.

It is understood that the number of foam members 23 may be any number of two, three or more. The foam material member 23 may be formed in a bar-like structure, a dot-like structure, a block-like structure, a plate-like structure, or the like.

So set up, foam material spare 23 is the interval distribution, compares in the connection setting foam material spare 23, can be under the condition that realizes that foam material spare 23 supports and form the exhaust clearance, reduces the material volume of foam material spare 23 to can reduce use cost.

Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the foam member 23 includes any one of azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazides, nitroso compounds, carbonates, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black, and trichlorocyanides.

It will be appreciated that the foaming material member 23 may include one of azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazides, nitroso compounds, carbonates, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black, and trichlorocyanides; alternatively, the foaming material member 23 may include a plurality of azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazides, nitroso compounds, carbonates, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black, and trichlorocyanides.

In this way, the foaming material piece 23 may include any one of azo compound, sulfonyl hydrazide compound, nitroso compound, carbonate, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black, and trichlorocyanamide, and the foaming material piece 23 formed by the above materials can achieve the purpose of supporting and decomposing to form a porous medium to form an exhaust gap.

Illustratively, in some embodiments, the battery cell 20 includes a housing 21 and an electrode assembly 22, the housing 21 including a case 212 and an end cap 211, the end cap 211 having an explosion-proof valve 211b disposed thereon, the case 212 having a receiving cavity 21a formed thereon with an opening 212a, the end cap 211 being disposed at the opening 212 a; the battery cell 20 further includes an insulating protective film 26 disposed in the accommodating chamber 21a, a supporting member 25, and a bottom plate 24, the insulating protective film 26 is wrapped around the electrode assembly 22, the bottom plate 24 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and an end 2121 of the case 212 and is used for supporting the electrode assembly 22, and the supporting member 25 is disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 211 and is used for limiting the electrode assembly 22.

Wherein, a foaming material member 23 may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end 2121 of the case 212, for example, a groove is formed on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121, and a portion of the foaming material member 23 is inserted and fixed in the groove to realize positioning and installation, and the foaming material member 23 may be formed in a strip-shaped structure and arranged in an array on the inner side wall surface of the end 2121; or may be secured to the bottom plate 24 by thermoplastic wrap; or may be adhesively secured to the surface of electrode assembly 22 facing peripheral side 2122.

And/or, a foaming material member 23 may be provided between the electrode assembly 22 and the peripheral side portion 2122 of the case 212, for example, a groove may be provided on an inner side wall surface of the peripheral side portion 2122, and a portion of the foaming material member 23 may be inserted and fixed in the groove to achieve positioning and mounting, and the foaming material member 23 may be provided in a strip-like structure and arranged in an array on the inner side wall surface of the peripheral side portion 2122; or may be secured to the insulating protective film 26 by thermoplastic encapsulation; or may be adhesively secured to the surface of electrode assembly 22 facing peripheral side 2122.

And/or, a foaming material member 23 may be disposed between the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 211, for example, a groove may be formed on an inner sidewall surface of the end cap 211, and a portion of the foaming material member 23 may be inserted and fixed in the groove to achieve positioning and mounting, and the foaming material member 23 may be formed in a strip-shaped structure and disposed in an array on the inner sidewall surface of the end cap 211; or may be secured to the support 25 by thermoplastic wrapping; or may be adhesively secured to the surface of electrode assembly 22 facing end cap 211.

And/or a foaming material member 23 may be disposed between adjacent electrode assemblies 22, for example, fixed to the surface of the electrode assembly 22 by means of bonding.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a battery 100 including the above-mentioned battery cell 20 is also provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery 100 employs any of the battery cells 20 in the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, including a battery 100 as described above, where the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy. The electric device may be any electric device described in the above embodiments, for example, the vehicle 1000, which is not described herein.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: comprising

The shell comprises a shell body and an end cover, wherein an accommodating cavity with an opening is formed in the shell body, and the end cover is covered at the opening; the end cover is provided with an explosion-proof valve;

an electrode assembly disposed within the receiving chamber;

A support disposed between the end cap and the electrode assembly; and

a foaming material member disposed between the electrode assembly and the case; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the support piece; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the end cover and the supporting piece; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between two adjacent electrode assemblies.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein: the housing includes an end portion and a peripheral side portion;

the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the end part; and/or, the foaming material member is disposed between the electrode assembly and the peripheral side portion.

3. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein: the battery cell further includes a bottom plate disposed between the electrode assembly and the end portion;

the foaming material piece is arranged between the electrode assembly and the bottom supporting plate; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the end part; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged on the bottom supporting plate.

4. A battery cell according to claim 3, wherein: the foaming material piece is fixed on the bottom supporting plate; and/or, the foaming material member is fixed to a surface of the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end part.

5. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein: the foaming material piece is fixed on the supporting piece; and/or, the foaming material member is fixed to a surface of the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the end cover.

6. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein: the battery cell also comprises an insulating protective film, wherein the insulating protective film is coated on the electrode assembly;

the foaming material piece is arranged on the insulating protective film; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the insulating protective film and the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is arranged between the insulating protective film and the shell.

7. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein: the foaming material piece is fixed on the insulating protective film; and/or, the foaming material member is fixed to a surface of the electrode assembly; and/or the foaming material piece is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the shell.

8. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein: and under the condition that the ambient temperature is less than 85 ℃, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foaming material piece is as follows: a < 1×10 ^-3 mm/. Degree.C; under the condition that the ambient temperature is more than 200 ℃, the thermal expansion coefficient a of the foaming material piece is as follows: a > 2×10 ^-3 mm/℃。

9. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein: the number of the foaming material pieces is two or more, and the foaming material pieces are distributed at intervals.

10. The battery cell of claim 9, wherein: the foaming material piece comprises any one of azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazine compounds, nitroso compounds, carbonates, water glass, silicon carbide, carbon black and trichlorocyanamides.

11. A battery, characterized in that: comprising a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An electrical consumer, characterized in that: comprising a battery according to claim 11 for providing electrical energy.