CN220692252U - Pressure release exhaust assembly and battery cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery safety prevention and control, in particular to a pressure relief exhaust assembly and a battery cell. An exhaust passage is formed in the shell of the pressure relief exhaust component; the sealing cover is connected with the shell, and is arranged at the tail end of the exhaust channel along the circulation direction of the gas in the exhaust channel, and is provided with a concave notch; the pushing piece is arranged in the shell, a protruding thimble portion is formed at one end of the pushing piece facing the sealing cover, the thimble portion is opposite to the notch and is identical to the notch in shape, and gas can push the pushing piece to enable the thimble portion to pierce the notch. According to the utility model, the gas generated in the battery core can push the pushing piece in the pressure relief exhaust component to move towards the direction close to the sealing cover, and the ejector pin part is opposite to the notch and has the same shape as the notch, so that the force applied to the pushing piece by the gas can completely act on the notch, thus blasting is performed on the weak area of the sealing cover, the opening sensitivity and reliability of the pressure relief exhaust component are improved, and timely pressure relief is ensured.

Description

Pressure release exhaust assembly and battery cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery safety prevention and control, in particular to a pressure relief exhaust assembly and a battery cell.

Background

The explosion-proof valve is required to be arranged on the existing battery cell, gas can be generated in the battery cell under the condition of thermal runaway in the process of operation, when the gas in the battery cell reaches an explosion-proof point critical value, the top cover of the explosion-proof valve is exploded, so that the inside of the battery cell is instantly directly connected with the outside, a large amount of gas in the battery cell is discharged, and safety accidents such as ignition and even explosion of the battery cell caused by overlarge pressure in the battery cell are avoided.

An explosion-proof notch is arranged on a top cover of the existing explosion-proof valve, and when the internal air pressure of the battery cell is abnormal, the air pressure breaks the explosion-proof notch to enable the explosion-proof valve to be opened. If the explosion-proof valve is not timely opened or can not be normally opened, the exhaust blocking phenomenon can occur, so that the pressure in the battery cell is rapidly increased, the thermal runaway safety of the battery cell can not be ensured, and the battery cell is easy to explode, so that potential safety hazards are brought.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, an object of the present application is to provide a pressure relief exhaust assembly and a battery cell, so as to solve the problem that the structure of the existing explosion-proof valve cannot effectively guarantee the valve opening sensitivity and reliability, and the condition of untimely pressure relief or exhaust blockage is easy to occur, so that the thermal runaway safety of the battery cell cannot be guaranteed.

The first aspect of the present utility model provides a pressure relief vent assembly, wherein the pressure relief vent assembly comprises:

a housing having an exhaust passage formed therein;

the sealing cover is connected with the shell, is arranged at the tail end of the exhaust channel along the flowing direction of the gas in the exhaust channel, and is provided with a concave notch;

the pushing piece is arranged in the shell, a protruding thimble portion is formed at one end of the pushing piece facing the sealing cover, the thimble portion is opposite to the notch and is identical to the notch in shape, and the gas can push the pushing piece, so that the thimble portion pierces the notch.

Preferably, the ejector pin portion includes a plurality of projections formed in a tapered structure with tips disposed toward the scores, and the plurality of projections are arranged in the same shape as the score structure.

Preferably, the thimble portion further includes a support plate, and the plurality of bumps are disposed on the support plate.

Preferably, the notch is arranged on one surface of the sealing cover, which is opposite to the shell, and the notch is formed into a cross structure.

Preferably, the pushing member is formed in a rod-like structure extending in the flow direction of the gas, and a pushing portion protruding in a radial direction of the pushing member is formed at an end of the pushing member remote from the cover.

Preferably, a limiting part which is arranged at an angle with the flowing direction of the gas is arranged in the exhaust channel, the pushing part passes through the limiting part, and the pushing part and the thimble part are respectively arranged at two sides of the limiting part.

Preferably, the pressure relief vent assembly further comprises:

the elastic piece is sleeved on the side wall of the pushing piece; along the compression direction of the elastic piece, two ends of the elastic piece are respectively abutted with the pushing part and the limiting part.

Preferably, at least part of the components in the pressure relief vent assembly are stainless steel pieces.

Preferably, the pressure relief vent assembly further comprises:

and a seal member disposed between the cover and the housing.

The second aspect of the utility model provides a battery cell, which comprises the pressure relief exhaust component according to any one of the above technical schemes, wherein the pressure relief exhaust component is arranged on a battery cell shell.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

according to the pressure relief and exhaust assembly, the ejector pin part with the same shape as the notch structure on the sealing cover is arranged at one end of the ejector pin part facing the sealing cover, when gas generated in the battery cell pushes the ejector pin part to move towards the direction close to the sealing cover, the notch position is arranged on the sealing cover, and the ejector pin part is opposite to the notch, so that the force applied to the ejector pin part by the gas can completely act on the notch, the weak area of the sealing cover is blasted, the opening sensitivity and reliability of the pressure relief and exhaust assembly are improved, timely pressure relief is ensured, and the occurrence of safety accidents of the battery cell due to the fact that the pressure boost in the battery cell is too fast due to exhaust blocking is avoided, and the safety of the battery cell under the condition of thermal runaway is ensured.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief exhaust assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a pressure relief exhaust assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a pressure relief vent assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model under another view angle;

fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Icon: 10-a housing; 11-an exhaust passage; 12-a limiting part; 13-ring grooves; 20-capping; 21-scoring; 30-pushing piece; 31-a thimble part; 311-bump; 312-supporting the plate; 32-pushing part; 40-elastic member; 50-seals; 100-cell housing; 200-pressure relief vent assembly.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, obvious variations may be made upon an understanding of the present disclosure, other than operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided solely to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after a review of the disclosure of the present application.

In the entire specification, when an element (such as a layer, region or substrate) is described as being "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element, it may be directly "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element or there may be one or more other elements interposed therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," directly connected to, "or" directly coupled to, "another element, directly on," or "directly covering" the other element, there may be no other element intervening therebetween.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the listed items of interest and any combination of any two or more.

Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section discussed in examples described herein could also be termed a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the examples.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above … …," "upper," "below … …," and "lower" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "upper" relative to another element would then be oriented "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Thus, the term "above … …" includes both orientations "above … …" and "below … …" depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Singular forms also are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof.

Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Accordingly, the examples described herein are not limited to the particular shapes shown in the drawings, but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacture.

The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after an understanding of the disclosure of the present application. Further, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure.

According to a first aspect of the present utility model there is provided a pressure relief vent assembly comprising a housing 10, a cover 20 and a pusher 30.

Hereinafter, a specific structure of the above-described components of the pressure relief exhaust assembly according to the present embodiment will be described.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pressure relief exhaust component is mounted on a battery cell, and an exhaust channel 11 is formed inside a housing 10 of the pressure relief exhaust component, so that gas generated in the case of thermal runaway of the battery cell can be exhausted through the exhaust channel 11. In the present embodiment, the housing 10 is formed in a circular cylindrical structure such that the exhaust passage 11 is formed in the circular structure, and the cross section of the exhaust passage 11 may be circular or square or the like as long as the passage of gas is ensured.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cover 20 is connected to the housing 10, and the cover 20 is disposed at the end of the exhaust channel 11 along the flowing direction of the gas in the exhaust channel 11, so as to seal one end of the exhaust channel 11, so that the pressure release exhaust component installed on the battery cell is of a sealing structure, and the cover 20 can be pushed open only by the pressure of the gas under the condition that the battery cell has thermal runaway.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the inner wall at the end of the housing 10 is recessed inwards to form a boss structure, and the cover 20 is embedded in the boss structure, so that the cover 20 is coplanar with the end of the housing 10, and thus the contact area between the cover 20 and the housing 10 is increased, and the housing 10 and the cover 20 are firmly connected.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pressure relief vent assembly further includes a seal member 50 provided between the cover 20 and the housing 10, specifically, the seal member 50 is formed in an annular structure, a recessed ring groove 13 is formed on an end surface of the housing 10 facing the cover 20, and at least a part of the seal member 50 is embedded in the ring groove 13, thus improving the sealing property between the cover 20 and the housing 10. The sealing member 50 can be a sealing ring made of fluororubber material, so that the sealing member is ensured to have good corrosion resistance.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a concave score 21 is provided on the cover 20, and since the score 21 is formed in a concave structure, the position of the cover 20 where the score 21 is provided is formed as a weak area of the cover 20, so that the score 21 can guide the cover 20 to burst along the shape of the score 21.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the score 21 is provided on the side of the cover 20 facing away from the case 10, thus facilitating the explosion of the cover 20. In this embodiment, the notch 21 is formed into a cross structure, so that a cross point structure is formed in the middle position of the notch 21, which is beneficial to blasting the cover 20; in a preferred embodiment, the cross-point structure is located in the middle of the closure 20 so that the score 21 is uniformly stressed to facilitate timely bursting of the closure 20. However, the structure of the score 21 is not limited thereto, and may be formed in a lattice-like structure or the like.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pushing member 30 is installed in the housing 10, a protruding thimble portion 31 is formed at one end of the pushing member 30 facing the cover 20, so that the gas pushes the pushing member 30 to move towards the position close to the cover 20, so that the thimble portion 31 pierces the notch 21, the thimble portion 31 is arranged opposite to the notch 21 and has the same shape as the notch 21, so that the force applied to the pushing member 30 by the gas can completely act on the notch 21, thus blasting is performed on the weak area of the cover 20, the sensitivity and reliability of opening the pressure relief exhaust assembly are improved, and timely pressure relief is ensured. In the present embodiment, when the score 21 is formed in a cross structure, the ejector pin portion 31 is correspondingly formed in a cross structure.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the ejector pin portion 31 includes a plurality of projections 311, the projections 311 are formed in a tapered structure with tips disposed toward the scores 21, the plurality of projections 311 are arranged in the same shape as the structure of the scores 21, for example, when the scores 21 are formed in a cross structure, the plurality of projections 311 of the tapered structure are also arranged in a cross shape; the bump 311 may be formed into a conical structure such as a cone or a pyramid, and the tip of the conical structure abuts against the notch 21 to increase the pressure of the ejector pin portion 31 acting on the notch 21, so that the notch 21 is easy to be pierced, thereby ensuring that the pressure relief vent assembly is opened in time.

In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the ejector pin portion 31 further includes a support plate 312, and a plurality of projections 311 are provided on the support plate 312 so as to be arranged in the same shape as the score 21 as the plurality of projections 311. The support plate 312 is formed in a plate-like structure having the same shape as the score 21, and for example, in the case where the score 21 is formed in a cross-like structure, the support plate 312 is also formed in a cross-like plate-like structure, and the bottom of the bump 311 is mounted on the side of the support plate 312 facing the cover 20. The gas may be discharged from the gap between the support plate 312 and the inner wall of the housing 10. The support plate 312 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas in the exhaust passage 11 so that the tips of all the projections 311 mounted on the support plate 312 can face the score 21 entirely.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pushing member 30 is formed into a rod-shaped structure extending along the gas flowing direction, one end of the pushing member 30 away from the cover 20 is formed with a pushing portion 32 protruding along the radial direction of the pushing member 30, i.e. the ejector pin portion 31 and the pushing portion 32 are respectively disposed at two ends of the pushing member 30 in the length direction, and the pushing portion 32 protrudes along the radial direction of the pushing member 30, so that it is formed into a plate-shaped structure perpendicular to the axis of the ejector rod, so that the contact area between the gas and the pushing portion 32 can be increased, and the pressure of the gas acting on the pushing portion 32 can push the pushing member 30 toward the cover 20 as a whole.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a limiting portion 12 disposed at an angle to the flowing direction of the gas is disposed in the exhaust channel 11, that is, the plane of the limiting portion 12 is not parallel to the flowing direction of the gas, so that the limiting portion 12 covers a part of the cross section of the exhaust channel 11 for limiting the displacement of the pushing member 30 in the exhaust channel 11, specifically, the limiting portion 12 is connected with the inner wall of the housing 10, the pushing member 30 passes through the limiting portion 12, and the pushing portion 32 and the ejector pin portion 31 are disposed on two sides of the limiting portion 12, respectively, so that the ejector pin portion 31 is disposed between the limiting portion 12 and the cover 20, and the pushing portion 32 is disposed between the limiting portion 12 and the electrical core, thereby limiting the displacement of the pushing member 30 in the exhaust channel 11 and ensuring that the pushing member 30 will not fall off from the housing 10 after the cover 20 is exploded.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the limiting portion 12 is connected with the inner wall of the housing 10, the limiting portion 12 is provided with a through hole for the pushing member 30 of the rod-shaped structure to pass through, the limiting portion 12 may be formed into the same structure as the supporting plate 312 on the thimble portion 31, for example, a cross structure, so that a gap can be ensured between the limiting portion 12 and the inner wall of the housing 10 while the limiting portion 12 can be abutted with the supporting plate 312 to realize limiting, thereby ensuring that the ventilation volume of the exhaust channel 11 can realize rapid exhaust, and meanwhile, sustainable exhaust can be realized, thereby meeting the pressure release requirement and improving the thermal runaway safety of the battery cell.

It should be noted that, before the assembly of the pressure relief exhaust assembly, the ejector pin portion 31 and/or the pushing portion 32 on the ejector 30 and the main body of the ejector 30 are in a split structure, so that a portion of the rod-shaped structure of the ejector 30 passes through the limiting portion 12, for example, passes through a through hole formed in the limiting portion 12 as described above, and after passing through the limiting portion 12, the ejector pin portion 31 and/or the pushing portion 32 is mounted on the main body of the ejector 30, so that the assembled ejector pin portion 31 and pushing portion 32 are located on two sides of the limiting portion 12 along the axial direction of the housing 10, respectively.

It should be further noted that, the manner of mounting the ejector pin portion 31 and/or the pushing portion 32 on the main body of the pushing member 30 may be a detachable connection manner such as a threaded connection or a non-detachable connection manner such as a welding connection.

In the present embodiment, the limiting portion 12 is integrally formed with the housing 10, or the limiting portion 12 is welded to the housing 10.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pressure relief exhaust component further includes an elastic member 40, the elastic member 40 is a spring, the elastic member 40 is sleeved on the side wall of the pushing member 30, and two ends of the elastic member 40 are respectively abutted to the pushing portion 32 and the limiting portion 12 along the compression direction of the elastic member 40, so that the pressure relief exhaust component has a certain opening pressure, when the air pressure in the battery cell does not reach the pressure for opening the pressure relief exhaust component, the air does not drive the pushing portion 32 to displace under the action of the elastic member 40, so that the air does not enter the exhaust channel 11, and when the air pressure in the battery cell reaches the pressure for opening the pressure relief exhaust component, the air drives the pushing portion 32 to move towards the direction close to the sealing cap 20, that is, towards the direction close to the limiting portion 12, so that the elastic member 40 is compressed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, at least part of the components in the pressure relief exhaust assembly are stainless steel pieces, so that the strength and corrosion resistance of the components are improved. The components are parts of the pressure relief exhaust assembly, namely the shell 10, the sealing cover 20, the pushing piece 30, the elastic piece 40, the limiting part 12 in the shell 10 and the like, and the stainless steel piece is a part made of stainless steel material. In a preferred embodiment, the housing 10, the cover 20, the pushing member 30, the elastic member 40 and the limiting portion 12 in the housing 10 are all stainless steel members, so as to improve the overall strength and the anti-corrosion performance of the pressure relief exhaust assembly.

According to the pressure relief and venting assembly provided by the utility model, the ejector pin part with the same shape as the notch structure on the cover is arranged at one end of the ejector part facing the cover, when gas generated in the battery cell pushes the ejector part to move towards the direction close to the cover, the notch position is arranged on the cover and is a weak area of the cover, and the ejector pin part is opposite to the notch, so that the force applied to the ejector part by the gas can be completely acted on the notch, thus the weak area of the cover is blasted, the opening sensitivity and reliability of the pressure relief and venting assembly are improved, timely and rapid air relief and venting are realized, and meanwhile, the air can be continuously vented, so that the thermal runaway pressure relief requirement of the battery cell is met.

A second aspect of the present utility model provides a battery cell comprising the pressure relief vent assembly 200 of the above embodiments.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the pressure relief exhaust assembly 200 is mounted on the battery cell casing 100, and the pressure relief exhaust assembly 200 is formed in a structure protruding outwards from the outer wall of the battery cell casing 100, and the pressure relief exhaust assembly 200 is preferably connected with the battery cell casing 100 by laser welding, so that the structural strength of the connection position can be improved while the sealing is ensured.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, at least one pressure relief exhaust assembly 200 is provided, and when a plurality of pressure relief exhaust assemblies 200 are provided, a plurality of pressure relief exhaust assemblies 200 may be provided on both sides or the same side of the cell housing 100.

In this embodiment, the battery cell is a blade battery cell, and the battery cell casing 100 is made of stainless steel, so that the battery cell casing 100 has corrosion resistance and enough strength to avoid rupture after thermal runaway triggering. However, the type of the battery cell is not limited thereto, and may be other battery cells than the blade battery cell.

According to the battery cell provided by the utility model, the pressure release and venting assembly on the battery cell is sensitive and reliable to open, so that timely and rapid pressure release and venting can be realized, meanwhile, the battery cell can be continuously vented, the safety accident of the battery cell caused by too rapid pressurization in the battery cell due to the venting plug is avoided, and the safety of the battery cell under the condition of thermal runaway is further ensured.

Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing examples are merely specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that while the foregoing examples are described in detail, the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features within the technical scope of the disclosure of the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A pressure relief exhaust assembly, the pressure relief exhaust assembly comprising:

a housing having an exhaust passage formed therein;

the sealing cover is connected with the shell, is arranged at the tail end of the exhaust channel along the flowing direction of the gas in the exhaust channel, and is provided with a concave notch;

the pushing piece is arranged in the shell, a protruding thimble portion is formed at one end of the pushing piece facing the sealing cover, the thimble portion is opposite to the notch and is identical to the notch in shape, and the gas can push the pushing piece, so that the thimble portion pierces the notch.

2. The pressure relief vent assembly of claim 1, wherein the ejector pin portion comprises a plurality of projections formed in a tapered configuration with tips disposed toward the score, the plurality of projections arranged in the same shape as the configuration of the score.

3. The pressure relief vent assembly of claim 2, wherein the ejector pin portion further comprises a support plate, the plurality of lugs being disposed on the support plate.

4. The pressure relief vent assembly of claim 1, wherein the score is disposed on a side of the cover facing away from the housing, the score being formed in a cross-like configuration.

5. The pressure relief vent assembly of claim 1, wherein the pusher is formed as a rod-like structure extending in the flow direction of the gas, and an end of the pusher remote from the cover is formed with a pushing portion protruding in a radial direction of the pusher.

6. The pressure relief exhaust assembly according to claim 5, wherein a limiting portion disposed at an angle to a flow direction of the gas is disposed in the exhaust passage, the pushing member passes through the limiting portion, and the pushing portion and the ejector pin portion are disposed on both sides of the limiting portion, respectively.

7. The pressure relief exhaust assembly of claim 6, further comprising:

the elastic piece is sleeved on the side wall of the pushing piece; along the compression direction of the elastic piece, two ends of the elastic piece are respectively abutted with the pushing part and the limiting part.

8. The pressure relief exhaust assembly of claim 1, wherein at least some components of the pressure relief exhaust assembly are stainless steel pieces.

9. The pressure relief exhaust assembly of claim 1, further comprising:

and a seal member disposed between the cover and the housing.

10. A battery cell comprising the pressure relief vent assembly of any one of claims 1 to 9 disposed on a battery cell housing.