CN220645912U - Perforation tool - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the perforating tool, the perforating guns are sequentially connected, the magnetic positioning device is arranged at one end of the first perforating gun, the gun tail is arranged at one end of the last perforating gun, multiple perforating guns can be completed by one perforating task, so that tasks of multiple holes can be completed, and perforating construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Perforation tool

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration and development, in particular to a perforation tool.

Background

In petroleum development, the technique of perforation is used for extracting petroleum from stratum, and the main purpose of perforation is to penetrate casing and cement ring, open reservoir, establish channel between stratum and shaft, and make oil and gas enter shaft, so as to realize normal production of oil and gas well. The conventional cable perforation operation in oil field exploitation is carried out, according to the conventional cable perforation operation, the perforation well depth is 3000 meters, only one gun can be completed, the task of one hole can be completed, and the time required for one gun is about 2 hours, if the construction task of 9 guns is completed, 18 hours are required, the operation time is long, the well entering time is multiple, personnel are tired, and the perforation construction efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application provides a perforating tool against the problems in the related art described above.

The present application provides a perforation tool comprising: the magnetic positioning device is arranged at one end of the first perforating gun, and the gun tail is arranged at one end of the last perforating gun.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: and an intermediate connector for connecting adjacent two perforating guns.

In some embodiments, each perforating gun comprises: go up module storehouse joint, rifle head, magneto-electric detonator, perforating gun barrel and ignition head, wherein, go up module storehouse joint, rifle head, perforating gun barrel connect gradually, the ignition head with magneto-electric detonator sets up in the rifle head, go up module storehouse joint of first perforating gun with magnetic positioning device connects, except that the last module storehouse joint of other perforating guns of first perforating gun is connected with the one end of intermediate head, the perforating gun barrel of last perforating gun with the gun tail is connected, the perforating gun barrel of other perforating guns except that the last perforating gun is connected with the other end of intermediate head.

In some embodiments, each intermediate joint comprises: the middle suspension joint is connected with the first end of the male joint and the first end of the coupling, the second end of the male joint is connected with a perforating gun barrel of a perforating gun, and the second end of the coupling is connected with an upper module bin joint of the perforating gun.

In some embodiments, the firing heads of the individual perforating guns are connected by firing lines.

In some embodiments, the perforating gun is 3.

In some embodiments, each perforating gun further comprises: gun body identification circuit, gun body identification circuit includes: the device comprises a resistor, a capacitor and a fuse tube, wherein one end of the capacitor is connected with one end of a magneto-electric detonator, the other end of the capacitor is connected with one end of the fuse tube and one end of the resistor, and the other ends of the fuse tube and the resistor and the other end of the magneto-electric detonator are grounded.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: a cable, the cable comprising: the device comprises a first wire core, a second wire core, a third wire core, a fourth wire core and a fifth wire core, wherein the first wire core, the second wire core and the third wire core are respectively connected with one end of a capacitor in each perforating gun, the fourth wire core is grounded, and the fifth wire core is connected with a magnetic positioning coil of a magnetic positioning device.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: the direct current fusing circuit is used for providing direct current voltage, a first output end of the direct current fusing circuit is used for being connected with any one wire core of the first wire core, the second wire core and the third wire core, a second output end of the direct current fusing circuit is used for being connected with the fourth wire core, and the direct current voltage is used for fusing a fuse corresponding to the wire core connected with the first output end.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: and the relay is used for conducting the ignition wire.

According to the perforating tool, the perforating guns are sequentially connected, the magnetic positioning device is arranged at one end of the first perforating gun, the gun tail is arranged at one end of the last perforating gun, multiple perforating guns can be completed by one perforating task, so that tasks of multiple holes can be completed, and perforating construction efficiency is improved.

Drawings

The present application will be described in more detail hereinafter based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a perforating tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate joint according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic circuit connection structure of a dc fuse circuit and a gun body identification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.

In the drawings, like parts are given like reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present application.

In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments" which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it is to be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and can be combined with one another without conflict.

If a similar description of "first\second\third" appears in the application document, the following description is added, in which the terms "first\second\third" are merely distinguishing between similar objects and do not represent a particular ordering of the objects, it being understood that the "first\second\third" may be interchanged in a particular order or precedence, where allowed, so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the present application only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

The application provides a perforation tool, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the perforation tool provided in the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, including: the magnetic positioning device 1, a plurality of perforating guns and a gun tail 9, wherein the perforating guns are sequentially connected, the magnetic positioning device 1 is arranged at one end of a first perforating gun, and the gun tail 9 is arranged at one end of a last perforating gun.

In the embodiment of the application, the magnetic positioning device is used for completing the depth correction and positioning of the perforating tool, one perforating gun can complete one perforating task, and the gun tail is used for isolating liquid in a well from entering the perforating gun.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: an intermediate connector 8, said intermediate connector 8 being used to connect two adjacent perforating guns. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate joint according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, each intermediate joint includes: the middle suspension joint 82 is connected with a first end of the male and female joint 81 and a first end of the coupling 83, a second end of the male and female joint 81 is connected with a perforating gun barrel of a perforating gun, and a second end of the coupling 83 is connected with an upper module bin joint of the perforating gun.

In the embodiment of the application, the middle joint can play a role of not twisting a firing line when the perforating tool is assembled at the wellhead.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in some embodiments, each perforating gun comprises: the upper module bin connector 3, the gun head 5, the magneto-electric detonator 6, the perforating gun barrel 7 and the ignition head 4, wherein the upper module bin connector 3, the gun head 5 and the perforating gun barrel 7 are sequentially connected, the ignition head 4 and the magneto-electric detonator 6 are arranged in the gun head 5, the upper module bin connector 3 of the first perforating gun is connected with the magnetic positioning device 1, the upper module bin connector 3 of other perforating guns except the first perforating gun is connected with one end of the middle connector 8, the perforating gun barrel 7 of the last perforating gun is connected with the gun tail 9, and the perforating gun barrel 7 of the other perforating guns except the last perforating gun is connected with the other end of the middle connector 8.

In the embodiment of the application, the upper module bin connector can be internally provided with the selecting and sending module, the selecting and sending module is used for selecting which perforating gun is used for igniting and constructing, and the perforating gun ignition wire which is not selected and sent is short-circuited to the ground, so that false detonation is prevented. The selection module may be a relay connected to the ignition wire of each perforating gun.

In this application embodiment, the ignition head can be used for isolated well internal liquid to cross into upper portion cavity after the perforation rifle fires, plays the effect of adjacent two guns flame proof simultaneously.

The magneto-electric detonator can be detonated only when the ignition current and the frequency reach the detonation condition at the same time.

And perforating charges are arranged in the perforating gun barrel and used for penetrating the casing pipe and the cement sheath so as to open the reservoir.

In some embodiments, the firing heads of the individual perforating guns are connected by firing lines.

In some embodiments, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit connection structure of a dc fusing circuit and a gun body identification circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, each perforating gun further includes: gun body identification circuit, gun body identification circuit includes: the device comprises a resistor R, a capacitor C and a fuse tube F, wherein one end of the capacitor is connected with one end of a magneto-electric detonator, the other end of the capacitor is connected with one end of the fuse tube and one end of the resistor, and the other end of the fuse tube and the other end of the resistor are grounded. Taking a first perforating gun as an example, a gun body identification circuit of the first perforating gun comprises a resistor R1, a capacitor C1 and a fuse tube F1, wherein one end of the capacitor R1 is connected with one end of a magneto-electric detonator 1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the fuse tube F1 and one end of the resistor R1, and the other ends of the fuse tube F1 and the resistor R1 and the other end of the magneto-electric detonator are grounded. The second perforating gun is similar to the third perforating gun.

In the embodiment of the application, the gun body identification circuit is arranged in the gun head.

In the embodiment of the application, the gun body identification circuit consists of a power 3w resistor, a voltage-withstanding 630v104 capacitor, a 700ma immediately fused fuse tube and a magneto-electric detonator (model: CL-CW 180-1), and only the fused fuse tube can be used for detonating the magneto-electric detonator by using the magneto-electric detonator detonating instrument CLQ-2, so that false detonation is prevented.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: a cable, the cable comprising: the device comprises a first wire core, a second wire core, a third wire core, a fourth wire core and a fifth wire core, wherein the first wire core, the second wire core and the third wire core are respectively connected with one end of a capacitor in each perforating gun, the fourth wire core is grounded, and the fifth wire core is connected with a magnetic positioning coil of a magnetic positioning device. Through each cable connected position for first sinle silk, second sinle silk, third sinle silk correspond with 3 perforation rifle respectively.

In the embodiment of the application, the cable may be a 7-core cable. Illustratively, 1 core of the cable corresponds to the first support perforation gun, 2 cores of the cable correspond to the second support perforation gun, three cores of the cable correspond to the third support perforation gun, four cores of the cable are ground wires, and 7 cores of the cable are measurement magnetic positioning signals.

In some embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 3, the perforation tool further comprises: the direct current fusing circuit is used for providing direct current voltage, a first output end of the direct current fusing circuit is used for being connected with any one wire core of the first wire core, the second wire core and the third wire core, a second output end of the direct current fusing circuit is used for being connected with the fourth wire core, and the direct current voltage is used for fusing a fuse corresponding to the wire core connected with the first output end.

In this embodiment of the application, the direct current fusing circuit is disposed on the ground.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the 4 rectifier diodes of the dc fuse circuit convert ac to pulsating dc, the C4 capacitor is 10uf to withstand voltage 500v for filtering, the R4 resistor is 5w100K for discharging voltage, and the ammeter observes whether the fuse is fused.

In some embodiments, the perforating gun is 3. The three pre-perforation steps include: the working principles of the gun 1, the gun 2 and the gun 3 are the same, and the gun 1 is used for briefly describing: when the magnetic positioning signal is measured in tracking and depth correction, the 1 core, the 2 core and the 3 core are short-circuited to the ground in the magnetic positioning, and a fuse tube in the gun body identification circuit enables two lead wires of the magneto-electric detonator (model: CL-CW 180-1) to be short-circuited and grounded, so that false initiation is prevented. The magnetic positioning signal is transmitted to the surface perforation system through 7 cores for recording. When the gun body is inspected, all cable cores are disconnected from the perforating system, and the resistance values of 1 core, 2 cores, 3 cores and 4 cores, which are measured by the universal meter, are the resistance values of two cables. When the ignition perforation is performed, the direct current fusing power supply is connected with the ground alternating current adjustable power supply, direct current is supplied to the 1 core and the 4 cores, direct current voltage is slowly adjusted, an ammeter is observed, when the pointer of the ammeter suddenly deflects to return to zero, the fuse tube is fused, and then the voltage is returned to zero. The resistance value between the 1 core and the 4 cores is 10K measured by a universal meter, and the magneto-electric detonator detonation instrument CLQ-2,1 core is connected to the shell for ignition after no error. The high-frequency ignition signal can be transmitted to a gun body identification circuit through the 1 core and reaches a magneto-electric detonator (model: CL-CW 180-1) of the first gun through C1, so that the first gun detonates and perforates.

In some embodiments, the perforation tool further comprises: and the relay is used for conducting the ignition wire.

According to the perforating tool, the perforating guns are sequentially connected, the magnetic positioning device is arranged at one end of the first perforating gun, the gun tail is arranged at one end of the last perforating gun, multiple perforating guns can be completed by one perforating task, so that tasks of multiple holes can be completed, and perforating construction efficiency is improved.

The perforating tool provided by the embodiment of the application can avoid the problem of false perforation caused by serious high-frequency ignition signal crosstalk among cable cores when the cable is longer; the perforating guns are reliably connected through the middle joint without twisting middle connecting wires; the fire head installed between the perforating gun and the perforating gun plays a role of penetrating the ignition wire, flame-proof and sealing.

The perforating tool provided by the embodiment of the application needs to work cooperatively with a ground perforating system, a magneto-electric detonator initiator CLQ-2 and a perforator. The action of the ground perforation system is used for tracking and positioning perforation curves, the action of the magneto-electric detonator detonating instrument CLQ-2 is used for igniting the positioned magneto-electric detonator (model: CL-CW 180-1), and the action of the perforator is used for penetrating the casing and the cement sheath and opening the reservoir. The construction process of 7-core cable-conveyed perforating tool is briefly described in terms of logging in a certain working area, wherein the perforating tool takes a 3-perforating gun as an example, and cable cores are distributed firstly: the magnetic positioning signal wire is transmitted to a ground system for recording through a No. 7 cable core and a cable housing of the logging 7-core cable, and in addition, three cable cores of a No. 1 core, a No. 2 core and a No. 3 core of the logging 7-core cable are selection wires of the perforating gun, and a No. 4 core is grounded in the magnetic positioning. Firstly, four cable cores of logging are led to a three-core ignition head through a middle wire passing hole of magnetic positioning, which gun is selected to ignite is controlled by the ground, and all ignition wires which are not selected are short-circuited to the ground, so that false initiation is prevented. The ignition wires of the three guns need to be wound and fixed along the detonating cord, then are connected with the ignition head on the gun head, and then are connected with the gun body identification resistor and the magneto-electric detonator (model: CL-CW 180-1). The blowout preventer is installed at the wellhead of cable perforation by the conventional oil testing operation team, so that the distance from the wellhead to the crown block is only 8.5 meters, and therefore, the perforating gun can only be butted at the wellhead, and the perforating gun can be lowered to a target horizon by the winch. When perforating construction, perforating guns fire from bottom to top, the lifting numbers of each gun are different, the lifting numbers are required to be measured and calculated on site according to the length of each string of guns, and the lifting numbers are input into a ground perforating system to track and correct depth.

Perforation of the first gun: when the winch delivers the perforating gun to the perforating level, the ground operator uses short-circuit lines and the ground to short the 2-core and 3-core wires according to the length of the cable and the internal resistance of the domestic 4000-meter cable is about 136 ohms. The 1 core pair 4 is supplied with 200-300V direct current voltage, when the direct current reaches 700-1000 ma, the fuse of the first gun is fused, the reading of the ammeter suddenly deflects to zero, and the power supply is turned off. Then, the gun body identification resistance of the first gun is measured to be 10K, whether the gun sequence of the perforating gun is correct or not is determined according to the gun body identification resistance value, and after the gun sequence is correct, an operator operates a magneto-electric detonator exploder (model: CLQ-2) 1 core pair ignition perforating. After perforation, the resistance value of 1 core to 4 cores can be measured, and whether the perforating gun detonates or not can be judged according to the gun body identification resistance.

Perforating of the second gun: after the first gun is ignited, the winch lifts the cable to the short sleeve, the tracking ignition perforation of the second gun is carried out, after the perforation layer of the second gun is reached, 200-300V direct current voltage is required to be supplied to the 2-core pair 4, and the 3-core pair is short with the ground by the short circuit line. When the direct current reaches 700-1000 ma, the fuse of the second gun is fused, the reading of the ammeter suddenly deflects to zero, and the power supply is turned off. And then measuring the gun body identification resistance of the second gun to be 20K, determining whether the gun sequence of the perforating gun is correct according to the gun body identification resistance value, and operating a magneto-electric detonator exploder (model: CLQ-2) 2 cores to fire the perforation by an operator after the gun sequence is correct. After perforation, the resistance value of 2 cores to 4 cores can be measured, and whether the perforating gun detonates or not can be judged according to the gun body identification resistance.

Perforating of the third gun: and after the second gun is ignited, the winch lifts a cable to a short sleeve, tracking ignition perforation of the third gun is carried out, and after the perforation layer of the third gun is reached, 200-300V direct current voltage is required to be supplied to the 3-core pair 4. When the direct current reaches 700-1000 ma, the fuse of the third gun is fused, the reading of the ammeter suddenly deflects to zero, and the power supply is turned off. Then, the gun body identification resistance of the third gun is measured to be 30K, whether the gun sequence of the perforating gun is correct or not is determined according to the gun body identification resistance value, and after the gun sequence is correct, an operator operates a magneto-electric detonator exploder (model: CLQ-2) 3 cores to fire and perforate. After perforation, the resistance value of 3 cores to 4 cores can be measured, and whether the perforating gun detonates or not can be judged according to the gun body identification resistance.

When all the three perforating guns are constructed, the winch lifts the whole string of perforating guns out of the wellhead and disassembles the perforating guns at the wellhead. And then carrying out multi-layer multi-stage perforating operation of the cable of the next round until the whole perforating operation is finished.

The perforating tool provided by the embodiment of the application can save cost, greatly improve construction timeliness and lighten labor intensity of personnel. The logging 7-core cable is used for conveying a perforating tool once, and cable perforating operation of one gun, two guns and three guns can be flexibly selected according to well conditions. According to well body condition and cable condition, 6 guns can be hung at most to seven cable transportation perforating tool of logging. The multi-layer multi-stage perforating tool for conveying the logging heptacable once is safe and reliable, simple in structure and low in cost, and the ignition head, the gun head and the middle joint can be reused after maintenance, so that the multi-stage perforating tool is a good method for replacing conventional cable perforation.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for describing, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, object or apparatus comprising such element.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above described device embodiments are only illustrative, e.g. the division of the units is only one logical function division, and there may be other divisions in practice, such as: multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. In addition, the various components shown or discussed may be coupled or directly coupled or communicatively coupled to each other via some interface, whether indirectly coupled or communicatively coupled to devices or units, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise.

The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed to a plurality of network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit; the integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional units.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program, when executed, performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a mobile storage device, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like, which can store program codes.

Alternatively, the integrated units described above may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially or partly contributing to the prior art, embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a controller to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a removable storage device, a ROM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A perforating tool, comprising: the gun comprises a magnetic positioning device, a plurality of perforating guns and a gun tail, wherein the plurality of perforating guns are sequentially connected, the number of the perforating guns is 3, the magnetic positioning device is arranged at one end of a first perforating gun, and the gun tail is arranged at one end of a last perforating gun; the perforation tool further comprises: an intermediate joint for connecting adjacent two perforating guns; each perforating gun further comprises: gun body identification circuit, gun body identification circuit includes: the device comprises a resistor, a capacitor and a fuse tube, wherein one end of the capacitor is connected with one end of a magneto-electric detonator, the other end of the capacitor is connected with one end of the fuse tube and one end of the resistor, and the other ends of the fuse tube and the resistor and the other end of the magneto-electric detonator are grounded.

2. The perforating tool as recited in claim 1 wherein each perforating gun comprises: go up module storehouse joint, rifle head, magneto-electric detonator, perforating gun barrel and ignition head, wherein, go up module storehouse joint, rifle head, perforating gun barrel connect gradually, the ignition head with magneto-electric detonator sets up in the rifle head, go up module storehouse joint of first perforating gun with magnetic positioning device connects, except that the last module storehouse joint of other perforating guns of first perforating gun is connected with the one end of intermediate head, the perforating gun barrel of last perforating gun with the gun tail is connected, the perforating gun barrel of other perforating guns except that the last perforating gun is connected with the other end of intermediate head.

3. The perforating tool as recited in claim 2 wherein each intermediate joint comprises: the middle suspension joint is connected with the first end of the male joint and the first end of the coupling, the second end of the male joint is connected with a perforating gun barrel of a perforating gun, and the second end of the coupling is connected with an upper module bin joint of the perforating gun.

4. The perforating tool as recited in claim 1 wherein the firing heads of each perforating gun are coupled by firing lines.

5. The perforation tool of claim 1, wherein the perforation tool further comprises: a cable, the cable comprising: the device comprises a first wire core, a second wire core, a third wire core, a fourth wire core and a fifth wire core, wherein the first wire core, the second wire core and the third wire core are respectively connected with one end of a capacitor in each perforating gun, the fourth wire core is grounded, and the fifth wire core is connected with a magnetic positioning coil of a magnetic positioning device.

6. The perforation tool of claim 5, wherein the perforation tool further comprises: the direct current fusing circuit is used for providing direct current voltage, a first output end of the direct current fusing circuit is used for being connected with any one wire core of the first wire core, the second wire core and the third wire core, a second output end of the direct current fusing circuit is used for being connected with the fourth wire core, and the direct current voltage is used for fusing a fuse corresponding to the wire core connected with the first output end.

7. The perforation tool of claim 4, wherein the perforation tool further comprises: and the relay is used for conducting the ignition wire.