CN110864588A - Digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and detonation system - Google Patents
Digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and detonation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110864588A CN110864588A CN201911116383.8A CN201911116383A CN110864588A CN 110864588 A CN110864588 A CN 110864588A CN 201911116383 A CN201911116383 A CN 201911116383A CN 110864588 A CN110864588 A CN 110864588A
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- carbon dioxide
- identification information
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- detonator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and a detonation system, which comprise a digital control detonator, a carbon dioxide blasting device with an electronic tag and an electronic tag reading device, wherein the electronic tag stores first identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device, the carbon dioxide blasting device is internally provided with the digital control device, the digital control device stores second identification information, and the digital control detonator can read the identification information of the blasting device and comprises a carbon dioxide blasting device assembling step, a blasting device installing step, a time delay setting step and a detonation step. According to the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and the blasting system, the electronic tag is added on the carbon dioxide blasting equipment, external identification information convenient to collect is added on the carbon dioxide blasting equipment, information collection and information identification can be facilitated in the blasting preparation process, and the system is used for identifying the section of each blasting equipment in a mode of firstly installing and then segmenting, so that the error probability is greatly reduced, and the blasting effect is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide blasting processes, in particular to a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and a detonation system.
Background
Carbon dioxide blasting started in the fifties of the twentieth century and began to develop in the united states in the eighties, and was developed specifically for coal mining faces of high gas mines mainly for the purpose of avoiding explosion accidents caused by flames generated by explosive blasting. In 2015, with the development of science and technology, domestic carbon dioxide blasting equipment manufacturers gradually emerge, but the maturity is insufficient at present and still in the continuous growth and development stage. The explosion principle is that carbon dioxide gas can be converted into liquid under certain high pressure, the liquid carbon dioxide is compressed into a cylindrical container (an explosion cylinder) through a high-pressure pump, the carbon dioxide is loaded to explode into a safety film, a rupture disc, a heat conducting rod and a sealing ring, and the alloy cap is screwed down to finish the preparation work before explosion. The blasting cartridge, the detonator and the power cord are carried to a blasting site, the blasting cartridge is inserted into a drill hole and fixed, and the blasting cartridge is connected with a power supply of the detonator. When the micro current passes through the high heat conducting rod, high temperature is generated to puncture the safety film, the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified instantly, the rapid expansion generates high-pressure shock waves to cause the pressure release valve to be automatically opened, and the volume rapidly expands to generate high pressure to cause the rock mass to crack when the liquid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and is gasified.
The conventional carbon dioxide blasting device has the following disadvantages:
the oxide rock-breaking exploder is not intrinsically safe, and during explosion, the connecting terminal, the bus, the leg wire and the like can generate electric sparks to cause combustible gas such as gas and the like to explode.
The secondary detonation system cannot be automatically locked, explosion can be caused by adopting a dry battery, a direct current power supply, an alternating current power supply and even leakage current, and safety production accidents can be caused.
In the multi-section blasting engineering, firstly, a detonator is used for setting time delay on an output interface, then, the section position of a wire interface is manually identified, and finally, a wire is connected with a carbon dioxide blasting device and the interface.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and an initiation system, which aim to solve the problems of safety risk of non-intrinsic safety initiation, safety risk of accidental current detonation, high error probability and low efficiency caused by manual identification of segment interfaces in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process comprises a numerical control detonator, a carbon dioxide blasting device with an electronic tag and an electronic tag reading device, wherein first identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device is stored in the electronic tag, the numerical control device is arranged in the carbon dioxide blasting device, second identification information is stored in the numerical control device, and the numerical control detonator can read the identification information of the blasting device and comprises the following steps:
assembling the carbon dioxide blasting device, namely acquiring first identification information in an electronic tag by using an electronic tag reading device, sending the first identification information to a numerical control detonator, simultaneously connecting a numerical control device to the numerical control detonator, acquiring second identification information by the numerical control detonator, binding the first identification information and the second identification information to obtain identification information, storing the identification information, generating a blasting database of the item, then assembling the carbon dioxide blasting device, installing the numerical control device in the carbon dioxide blasting device, and installing the electronic tag on a shell of the carbon dioxide blasting device.
And a step of installing the blasting device, namely connecting the installed carbon dioxide blasting device with a wire to form a blasting network, and then putting the carbon dioxide blasting device connected with the wire into the blast hole.
And a detonation step, wherein the numerical control detonator collects second identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device connected to the blasting network to obtain a temporary information base, then the second identification information in the temporary information base is sequentially matched with information in the blasting database, if unpaired second identification information appears in the temporary information base or the blasting database, the numerical control detonator is self-locked and gives an alarm, otherwise, the numerical control detonator discharges to charge and ignite a heater of the carbon dioxide blasting device.
Furthermore, a delay setting step is arranged before the detonating step, the electronic tag reading device is used for collecting first identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device with the same delay setting to obtain at least one segmented identification information group, the segmented identification information groups are sorted according to the establishing time, the numerical control detonator replaces the first identification information in the identification information group with second identification information, and the delay setting is added according to the sequence of the segmented identification information groups.
Further, in the delay setting step, after the electronic tag reading device collects the first identification information of the same delay setting, an acquisition completion instruction is sent to the numerical control detonator, the numerical control detonator stores the received first identification information into the same segment identification information group, and adds a group number tag or establishes a time tag for the segment identification information group.
Further, in the detonation step, the numerical control detonator calls the detonator password from the database according to the second identification code and sends the detonator password to the corresponding carbon dioxide blasting device, the carbon dioxide blasting device matches the detonator password with the detonation password of the numerical control detonator, and if the matching is not successful, the numerical control detonator is self-locked and gives an alarm.
Further, in the step of installing the blasting device, the carbon dioxide blasting device is placed in the blast hole, and the segment number identifier is installed around the blast hole.
Further, in the step of installing the blasting device, a segment number mark is set on the carbon dioxide blasting device.
Furthermore, a blast hole arrangement step is arranged before the installation step of the blasting device, the positions of the blast holes are arranged according to the rock and geological structure characteristics of a working face, then the blast holes are drilled at the arranged positions of the blast holes, the blast holes comprise 3 annularly distributed cut holes, auxiliary holes, peripheral holes and peripheral holes at the outermost periphery, the drilling mode of the peripheral holes is outward inclined, the included angle between the drilling mode of the peripheral holes and the horizontal plane is 70-80 degrees, and the depth is 1.4 m; the auxiliary hole of the middle ring is drilled vertically downwards, and the depth of the auxiliary hole is 0.1-0.2 m deeper than the cut hole; and the drilling mode of the cut hole is a conical cut, the cut hole inclines towards the center, the included angle between the cut hole and the horizontal plane is 65-75 degrees, and the depth of the cut hole is 0.2-0.3 m deeper than the peripheral holes.
A carbon dioxide blasting numerical control supervisory system applied to the method comprises a numerical control exploder, a carbon dioxide blasting device with an electronic tag and an electronic tag reading device, wherein the numerical control exploder is connected with the electronic tag reading device;
the numerical control detonator is provided with a detonator processor, a power management module, a man-machine interaction module, an information communication module, a self-locking alarm module, an ignition control module, a charging device, a safety discharging module, a clock module and an electronic tag reading device, wherein the detonator processor is respectively connected with the power management module, the man-machine interaction module, the information communication module, the self-locking alarm module, the ignition control module, the charging control module, the safety discharging module, the clock module and the electronic tag reading device, the self-locking alarm module is connected with the output end of the ignition control module, and the charging control module and the safety discharging module are both connected with the charging device.
The carbon dioxide blasting device with the electronic tag comprises the electronic tag, a numerical control device and a carbon dioxide blasting tube, wherein the electronic tag is installed on a shell of the carbon dioxide blasting device, and the numerical control device is installed inside the carbon dioxide blasting device.
Further, the ignition control device is provided with a device processor, a device power management module, a device charging control module, a device energy storage module, a device voltage detection module, a device safety discharging module, a device ignition control module, a device resetting module, a device clock module and a device communication interface, wherein the device processor is electrically connected with the device charging control module, the device voltage detection module, the device ignition control module, the device resetting module, the device clock module and the device communication interface respectively, the device charging control module is electrically connected with the device energy storage module and the communication interface, the device ignition control module is connected with an ignition head, and the device safety discharging module is connected with the device energy storage module.
Further, an overvoltage protection module and an intrinsically safe power supply control module are arranged on the ignition control device, and the overvoltage protection module and the intrinsically safe power supply control module are both arranged between the communication interface and the power supply management module.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and the detonation system, the electronic tag is added on the carbon dioxide blasting equipment, external identification information convenient to collect is added on the carbon dioxide blasting equipment, information collection and information identification can be facilitated in the blasting preparation process, and the system is used for identifying the segment of each blasting equipment in a manner of firstly installing and then segmenting, so that the probability of manual error is greatly reduced, the detonation time of the carbon dioxide blasting device can be digitally edited, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved.
According to the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and the detonation system, the detonation password is added, detection is carried out before detonation, the detonation password is downloaded at the cloud end, the cloud control function is realized, leakage pipes, multiple pipes and illegal explosives can be detected, and the construction safety is improved.
According to the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process and the initiation system, the intrinsic safety control device is added in the carbon dioxide blasting device and is matched with the numerical control initiator, the traditional high-voltage initiation electricity is changed into the intrinsic safety initiation electricity, the problem that the traditional initiator generates high-temperature electric sparks is solved, and the initiation safety is greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an installation step of the blasting apparatus of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a shot hole distribution in the step of organizing the carbon dioxide blasting apparatus in FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flow of establishing a segment identification information group in the delay setting step in fig. 1 or fig. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the detonation detection step of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2;
fig. 7 is a system structure of a digital carbon dioxide rock breaking initiation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the digitally controlled initiator of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of the numerical control apparatus of fig. 7.
In the figure:
1. a numerical control detonator; 2. an electronic tag; 3. a carbon dioxide blasting device; 4. an electronic tag reading device; 5. first identification information; 6. segmenting the identification information group; 7. cutting holes; 8. an auxiliary hole; 9. a peripheral hole; 10. an initiator processor; 11. a power management module; 12. a human-computer interaction module; 14. an information communication module; 15. a self-locking alarm module; 16. an ignition control module; 17. the power supply is provided; 18. an adapter; 19. a lithium battery; 20. the intrinsic safety power supply management module; 21. an ignition head; 22. a device processor; 23. a device power management module; 24. a device charging control module; 25. a device energy storage module; 26. a device voltage detection module; 27. a device safety discharge module; 28. a device ignition control module; 29. a device reset module; 30. a device clock module; 31. a communication interface; 32. the intrinsic safety power supply control module; 33. a numerical control device; 34. an overvoltage protection device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process comprises a digital control detonator 1, a carbon dioxide blasting device 3 with an electronic tag 2 and an electronic tag reading device 4, wherein first identification information 5 of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 is stored in the electronic tag 2, a digital control device 33 is arranged in the carbon dioxide blasting device 3, second identification information is stored in the digital control device 33, and the digital control detonator 1 can read the second identification information in the digital control device 33.
The delay setting of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 is divided into two types, namely hardware time service and software time service.
Example one
The blasting device with hardware time service is provided with a time service device, and comprises the following steps:
device installation preparation step
Counting the parts of the blasting device, preparing 3 parts of the carbon dioxide blasting device according to construction project information, if drainage ditches need to be dug around underground and mine holes, making a drainage system, timely beating away surface water, installing lifting equipment, arranging a slag tapping road, calculating a safety distance, measuring the length of a pay-off line, and preparing a blasting wire. Set up the baffle in the outside in hole, prevent on the one hand that solid particle from entering into downthehole, have the safety risk during the blasting, on the other hand prevents that solid particle or blast apparatus part fly out from downthehole when blasting.
3, assembling the carbon dioxide blasting device
The method comprises the steps of collecting first identification information 5 in an electronic tag 2 (such as a Fird card) by using an electronic tag reading device 4, sending the first identification information 5 to a numerical control detonator 1, simultaneously connecting a numerical control device 33 to the numerical control detonator 1, binding the first identification information 5 with second identification information after the numerical control detonator 1 obtains the second identification information, obtaining an identification information pair, storing the identification information pair into an information storage area of the detonator, generating a blasting database of the item, assembling a carbon dioxide blasting device 3, installing the numerical control device 33 in the carbon dioxide blasting device 3, and installing the electronic tag 2 on a shell of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3, so that the internal and external identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 is associated and bound, and subsequent identification information collection operation is facilitated.
In order to improve the convenience of code binding in construction, a bar code or an electronic tag 2 can be arranged on the numerical control device 33, and second identification information is stored in the bar code or the electronic tag 2, so that the association binding of the two identification information can be realized only by using the electronic tag reading device 4, the numerical control device 33 does not need to be connected to a detonation network to read the second identification information, and the reading equipment of the electronic tag 2 can be arranged into a plurality of handheld ends, so that a plurality of workers can simultaneously perform the identification information binding work of a plurality of carbon dioxide blasting devices 3, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
After the assembly is completed, the appearance, structure and performance of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 need to be checked, which includes the following contents:
A. checking whether obvious scratches, rust and macroscopic cracks exist;
B. checking the qualification of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3;
C. whether the structure of the energy discharge head is blocked or not is checked, so that high-pressure carbon dioxide in the liquid storage pipe can be fully discharged.
D. The sealing performance, surface temperature, and performance of the heat generating device were examined.
a. Test of sealing property: placing the assembled blasting device in water, observing for 2 minutes, and observing whether bubbles overflow from all joints, wherein if no bubbles exist, the sealing is good, otherwise, the sealing is not good;
b. test surface temperature: when the heating device is started and the pressure of the blasting device is not released, arranging 3 temperature sensors in the axial direction near the center of the outer wall of the liquid storage pipe corresponding to the section where the heating material is located, then triggering the starter, reading the maximum value of the temperature, repeating the steps for 3 times, taking the maximum value, and determining whether the maximum value is in a reasonable range;
c. inspecting the heat generating device: and testing technical indexes such as a pin line, resistance, anti-seismic performance, safe current and the like.
And arranging the positions of the blast holes according to the rock and geological structure characteristics of the working face, and then drilling the blast holes at the arranged positions of the blast holes. As shown in fig. 4, the blast hole includes 3 cut holes 7, auxiliary holes 8, peripheral holes 9 distributed in a ring shape, and peripheral holes 9 at the outermost periphery, wherein the drilling mode of the peripheral holes 9 is outward inclined, the included angle with the horizontal plane is 70-80 degrees, and the depth is 1.4 m; the auxiliary hole 8 of the middle ring is drilled vertically downwards, and the depth of the auxiliary hole is 0.1-0.2 m deeper than the cut hole 7; the cut hole 7 is drilled in a conical cut mode, is inclined towards the center, forms an included angle of 65-75 degrees with the horizontal plane, and is 0.2-0.3 m deeper than the peripheral holes 9.
Installation procedure of blasting device
As shown in fig. 3, firstly, the model of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 is selected according to the actual situation of the site, two leads are connected to the inflation valve of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3, the leads and the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 are adhered by waterproof adhesive tape to form a blasting network, then the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 connected with the leads is placed in a blast hole, the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 is placed in the blast hole from top to bottom along the direction of the central axis, after the delay setting step, liquid carbon dioxide is injected into each carbon dioxide blasting device 3, the inlet of the blast hole is plugged by a wood wedge, a foaming agent is used for sealing, the plugging depth is not less than 8cm, the leads of each carbon dioxide blasting device 3 are connected in series, and finally the leads are connected to the numerical control initiator 1.
In order to facilitate the identification of the blasting section position of the blast hole by the staff, the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 is placed in the blast hole, and then a first section number mark is arranged around the blast hole, wherein the first section number mark can be a digital label and is pasted around the blast hole, or a tool is used for directly marking on the rock wall around the blast hole. And a second section number mark can be arranged on the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 for enabling the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 to correspond to the blast holes one by one, so that the error rate is reduced, and the method is suitable for editing various different blasting devices in the same section of detonation.
Initiation step
As shown in fig. 6, the numerical control initiator 1 acquires second identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 connected to the blasting network to obtain a temporary information base, matches the second identification information in the temporary information base with the second identification information in the blasting database in sequence, and if unmatched second identification information appears in the blasting database or the temporary information base, the numerical control initiator 1 self-locks and gives an alarm; and if the second identification information in the blasting database or the temporary information base is successfully matched, entering a detonation step.
In order to increase the safety of the detonation system, before detonation, the numerical control detonator 1 calls a detonator password from a database according to the second identification code and sends the detonator password to the carbon dioxide blasting device corresponding to the second identification code, after the carbon dioxide blasting device receives a detonation signal, the detonator password is paired with the detonation password of the numerical control detonator 1, if the detonator password and the detonation password are the same, the detonation signal is legal, and an ignition head is controlled to detonate, otherwise, the numerical control detonator 1 is self-locked and alarms. The numerical control detonator 1 stores the detonator password in advance or uploads second identification information in advance, and the cloud server searches the cloud database according to the second identification information and downloads the corresponding record password.
Example two
The construction process of software time service is to add a time service step on the basis of a hardware time service construction process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 5, the electronic tag 2 reading device is used to collect the first identification information 5 of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 with the same delay setting, and at least one segment identification information group 6 is obtained, wherein the number of the segment identification information groups 6 is the same as the number of the blasting segments. If the blasting sequence is that firstly, at the weakest position in the middle of the section of the roadway, the inner row of cutting holes are blasted to form a blank face, then, the outer expansion blasting, namely, the auxiliary hole blasting, and finally, the modeling blasting, namely, the peripheral hole blasting are carried out, in the blasting sequence, first identification information 5 in the electronic tag 2 on the shell of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3 in all the cutting holes is collected by using an electronic tag 2 reading device, a temporary memory for storing the first identification information 5 can be arranged in the electronic tag 2 reading device, or the electronic tag 2 reading device directly sends the collected first identification information 5 to the numerical control exploder 1 in real time, and a segment identification information group 6 is established. After the identification information of the blasting section is acquired, an acquisition completion button or a touch screen on the electronic tag 2 reading device is triggered, the electronic tag 2 reading device automatically enters information acquisition of the next blasting section, or the electronic tag 2 reading device sends a segmentation completion signal to the numerical control initiator 1, and the numerical control initiator 1 enters information storage of the next blasting section. And then acquiring first identification information 5 of the auxiliary intraocular carbon dioxide blasting device 3 by the same method, and finally acquiring the first identification information 5 of the peripheral intraocular carbon dioxide blasting device 3, thereby completing the acquisition of the identification information of 3-segment blasting. After receiving the segmentation completion signal, the numerical control detonator 1 accesses an information storage area, adds a segmentation number mark to the first identification information 5 of the determined segment, and sends out an alarm by the self-locking alarm module 15 if the number is unmatched, that is, the first identification information 5 acquired on site does not correspond to the stored identification information pair.
After receiving the acquisition completion signal, the numerical control detonator 1 establishes a new segment identification information group 6, adds the establishment time and the group number, sorts the segment identification information group 6 according to the establishment time, and replaces the first identification information 5 stored in the segment identification information group 6 with second identification information by the numerical control detonator 1, thereby facilitating system identification. The segment identification information group 6 corresponds to the blasting segment, and the set delay setting is matched according to the sequence of the segment identification information group 6, so that delay setting is added to carbon dioxide blasting equipment of different blasting segments.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 7, the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking initiation system applied to the method comprises a numerical control initiator 1, a carbon dioxide blasting device 3 with an electronic tag 2, and an electronic tag reading device 4, wherein:
the numerical control detonator 1 is provided with a detonator processor 10, a power management module 11, a man-machine interaction module 12, an information communication module 14, a self-locking alarm module 15, an ignition control module 16 and an electronic tag reading device 4, wherein the detonator processor 10 is respectively connected with the power management module 11, the man-machine interaction module 12, the information communication module 14, the self-locking alarm module 15, the ignition control module 16 and an electronic tag 2 card reader, the self-locking alarm module 15 is connected with the output end of the ignition control module 16, and the charging control module and the safety discharging module are both connected with a charging device. The numerical control detonator 1 is not provided with an energy storage module, does not need pre-energy storage, and realizes the intrinsic safety of the detonator and the intrinsic safety of a detonation operation network compared with the pre-charging of the traditional detonator, for example, when in detonation, the numerical control detonator 1 firstly charges the energy storage module of an electronic control chip in a blasting tube, and then the energy storage module discharges, ignites and detonates a firing head under the control of a password.
The working principle of the numerical control detonator 1 is as follows:
the model number of the initiator processor 10 is STM32F103RET6, and the initiator processor is used for binding the first identification information 5 and the second identification information in a correlation manner, storing the identification information pair into an information storage area, matching the received first identification information 5 and the identification information pair, or acquiring the second identification information connected into the initiation network and matching the second identification information with the identification information pair, and sending an alarm signal after the matching fails. An information storage area is arranged in the device, the information storage area is divided into a basic data area and a temporary data area, the basic data area is used for storing identification information pairs related to the first identification information 5 and the second identification information, the temporary data area is used for storing temporary data, such as temporary information storage in the process of establishing a segmented identification information group 6, temporary storage for temporarily collecting the second identification information in the detonation detection step and the like, and the collection time tag and the uploading device code are stored together.
The POWER management module 11 uses an IC-POWER-LDO-RT91933.3V POWER chip for providing a 3.3V supply voltage to the initiator processor 10.
The man-machine interaction module 12 is used for man-machine interaction communication with the initiator, such as a Y5G15 android screen.
The information communication module 14 comprises an nRF24L01 wireless sub-module for communicating with an upper computer, and if the electronic information acquisition device is a handheld terminal, the information communication module further comprises a bluetooth sub-module for close-range communication connection with the handheld terminal.
The self-locking alarm module 15 receives an alarm signal sent by the detonator processor 10, and if unmatched second identification information appears in the blasting database or the temporary information base in the detonation detection step, the numerical control detonator 1 self-locks and sends out an alarm. The self-locking module is a relay switch circuit, is installed at the output end of the ignition control module 16, and is disconnected after receiving the alarm signal of the initiator processor 10, so that the ignition instruction sent by the ignition control module 16 cannot reach the detonation network.
The product model of the charging control module is TP4056 charging chip, and the charging control module is used for receiving signals of the detonator processor 10 to charge the energy storage module.
The energy storage module is a capacitor, such as a 10uf/35v capacitor, the safe discharge module is used for receiving a signal of the detonator processor 10 and discharging the signal to the energy storage module, the capacitor is charged before discharging is prepared, when blasting is stopped, the detonator processor 10 sends an instruction to the safe discharge module, and the discharge module consumes electricity in the capacitor after receiving the instruction, so that safety of the detonator is ensured.
The ignition control module 16 is a carbon dioxide rock breaking control board, and is configured to receive an ignition signal of the initiator processor 10 and send an initiation signal to a corresponding carbon dioxide blasting tube according to the arrangement sequence of the second identification information.
The product model of the electronic tag 2 reader is an MFRC522 FIRD reader, and is used for reading the first identification information 5. The electronic tag 2 card reader can be arranged as a handheld end and is connected with the detonator processor 10 through a conducting wire, so that the electronic tag is convenient to collect and move.
The carbon dioxide blasting device 3 with the electronic tag 2 comprises the electronic tag 2, a numerical control device 33, a carbon dioxide blasting tube and an ignition head 21, wherein the electronic tag 2 is installed on a shell of the carbon dioxide blasting device 3, and the numerical control device 33 is installed inside the carbon dioxide blasting device 3.
The numerical control device 33 is provided with a device processor 22, a device power management module 23, a device charging control module 24, a device energy storage module 25, a device voltage detection module 26, a device safety discharging module 27, a device ignition control module 28, a device resetting module 29, a device clock module 30 and a device communication interface 31, the device processor 22 is electrically connected to the device charging control module 24, the device voltage detection module 26, the device ignition control module 28, the device reset module 29, the device clock module 30 and the device communication interface 31, the input end of the device charging control module 24 is connected with the communication interface 31, the output end of the device charging control module 24 is electrically connected with the device energy storage module 25, the output end of the device ignition control module 28 is electrically connected with the ignition head 21, and the output end of the device safety discharge module 27 is electrically connected with the device energy storage module 25. The device processor 22 is of the model STM32F103RET 6; the product model of the device POWER management module 23 is an IC-POWER-LDO-RT91933.3V POWER chip, and is used for providing 3.3V POWER voltage for the processor; the device charging control module 24 is a TP4056 charging chip in product model, and is configured to receive a signal from the processor to charge the device energy storage module 25; the device energy storage module 25 is a capacitor, such as a 10uf/35v capacitor, the device safety discharge module 27 is configured to receive a signal from the device processor 22 and discharge the device energy storage module 25, the capacitor is charged before discharging is prepared, when blasting is stopped, the device processor 22 sends an instruction to the safety discharge module, and the device safety discharge module consumes electricity in the capacitor after receiving the instruction, so as to ensure safety of a detonator; the device voltage detection module 26 is a CN1185 chip in product model, and is configured to detect a working voltage of the energy storage module, and if the voltage of the device energy storage module 25 exceeds a set intrinsic safety voltage threshold, send an alarm signal to the device processor 22 to stop the current ignition and detonation; the device ignition control module 28 is a KAQW210 chip and is used for receiving an ignition signal of the device processor 22 and controlling the discharge of the energy storage module to ignite the ignition head 21, the device ignition control module 28 is configured to extract an initiator ignition password from the ignition signal after receiving the ignition signal, the initiator ignition password corresponds to an ignition preset password stored in the device ignition control module, the device ignition control module is used for carrying out ignition after passing verification, otherwise, the ignition is interrupted, and the device energy storage module 25 discharges; the product model of the device clock module 30 is a DS1302 chip.
The conventional carbon dioxide detonation equipment mostly adopts a conventional electric detonator initiator for detonation, high-temperature electric sparks can be generated by high-pressure detonation of the conventional initiator, a shell of the conventional carbon dioxide detonation equipment is mostly a metal shell which is easy to conduct heat, so that the initiation insecurity is generated, but the problem can be avoided by controlling the detonation voltage in an intrinsic safety range (less than 5V), therefore, an intrinsic safety power supply control module 32 is arranged on the ignition control device, the output end of the intrinsic safety power supply control module 32 is respectively and electrically connected with a device power supply management module 23, and the input end of the intrinsic safety power supply control module 32 is electrically connected with a device communication interface 31. The product model of the intrinsically safe power supply control module 32 is a TPS5430DDAR 5V power supply chip, and the intrinsically safe power supply control module is used for converting high-voltage electricity sent by an initiator into 5V intrinsically safe electricity for use by an igniter, so that the problem of mistaken explosion is prevented by reducing working voltage, and the safety is improved.
An overvoltage protection module 34 such as a 16V overvoltage protection module is arranged in the carbon dioxide blasting equipment, if the current exceeding 16 volts or the current with 0.1 millijoule current energy passes through the overvoltage protection module 34, a fuse device in the overvoltage protection module 34 is automatically fused, for example, a fuse is automatically fused, so that the fuse cannot directly enter an ignition head, large current cannot be detonated, and the intrinsic safety of ignition current is ensured. The input end of the overvoltage protection module 34 is connected with the communication interface 31, and the output end is connected with the intrinsic safety power supply control module 32, so that high voltage or strong current can be prevented from passing through the intrinsic safety power supply control module 32 to protect the intrinsic safety power supply control module, and the component cost of the intrinsic safety power supply control module 32 can be reduced.
An intrinsic safety power supply is added to the numerical control detonator 1, wherein the intrinsic safety power supply comprises an adapter 18, a lithium battery 19 and an intrinsic safety power supply management module 20, the adapter 18 converts external high voltage into 12V and charges the lithium battery 19, and 12V voltage output by the intrinsic safety power supply is converted into 5V intrinsic safety voltage through the intrinsic safety power supply management module 20, so that the safety of the detonator is guaranteed.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process is characterized by comprising a numerical control detonator, a carbon dioxide blasting device with an electronic tag and an electronic tag reading device, wherein first identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device is stored in the electronic tag, the numerical control device is arranged in the carbon dioxide blasting device, second identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device is stored in the numerical control device, the numerical control detonator can read the second identification information, and the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process comprises the following steps:
assembling a carbon dioxide blasting device, namely acquiring first identification information in an electronic tag by using an electronic tag reading device, sending the first identification information to a numerical control detonator, connecting the numerical control device to the numerical control detonator, acquiring second identification information by the numerical control detonator, binding the first identification information and the second identification information to obtain identification information pairs, storing the identification information pairs, and generating a blasting database;
connecting the installed carbon dioxide blasting device with a wire to form a blasting network, and then putting the carbon dioxide blasting device connected with the wire into a blast hole;
and a detonation step, wherein the numerical control detonator collects second identification information of the carbon dioxide blasting device connected to the blasting network to obtain a temporary information base, then the second identification information in the temporary information base is sequentially matched with information in the blasting database, if unpaired second identification information appears in the temporary information base or the blasting database, the numerical control detonator is self-locked and gives an alarm, otherwise, the numerical control detonator discharges to charge and ignite a heater of the carbon dioxide blasting device.
2. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the initiation step is preceded by a delay setting step, an electronic tag reading device is used for collecting first identification information of the carbon dioxide explosion device with the same delay setting to obtain at least one segmented identification information group, the segmented identification information groups are sorted according to the set-up time, the numerical control initiator replaces the first identification information in the segmented identification information group with second identification information, and delay setting is added to the second identification information according to the sequence of the segmented identification information groups.
3. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the time delay setting step, after the electronic tag reading device collects the first identification information of the same time delay setting, an acquisition finishing instruction is sent to the numerical control detonator, the numerical control detonator stores the received first identification information into the same sectional identification information group, and a group number tag is added to the sectional identification information group or a time tag is established for the sectional identification information group.
4. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the detonation step, the numerical control detonator calls the detonator password from the database according to the second identification code and sends the detonator password to the corresponding carbon dioxide blasting device, the carbon dioxide blasting device matches the detonator password with the detonation password of the numerical control detonator, and if the matching is not successful, the numerical control detonator is self-locked and gives an alarm.
5. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of installing the blasting device, the carbon dioxide blasting device is placed in the blast hole, and the section number identification is installed around the blast hole.
6. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: and in the step of installing the blasting device, setting a segment number mark on the carbon dioxide blasting device.
7. The digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: arranging blast holes before the installation step of the blasting device, arranging the positions of the blast holes according to the rock and geological structure characteristics of a working face, and drilling the blast holes at the arranged positions of the blast holes, wherein the blast holes comprise 3 annularly-distributed cut holes, auxiliary holes, peripheral holes and peripheral holes at the outermost periphery, the drilling mode of the peripheral holes is outwards inclined, the included angle between the drilling mode and the horizontal plane is 70-80 degrees, and the depth is 1.4 m; the auxiliary hole of the middle ring is drilled vertically downwards, and the depth of the auxiliary hole is 0.1-0.2 m deeper than the cut hole; and the drilling mode of the cut hole is a conical cut, the cut hole inclines towards the center, the included angle between the cut hole and the horizontal plane is 65-75 degrees, and the depth of the cut hole is 0.2-0.3 m deeper than the peripheral holes.
8. An initiation system applied to the digital carbon dioxide rock breaking process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the system comprises a numerical control exploder, a carbon dioxide explosion device with an electronic tag and an electronic tag reading device, wherein the numerical control exploder is connected with the electronic tag;
the numerical control detonator is provided with a detonator processor, a power management module, a man-machine interaction module, an information communication module, a self-locking alarm module, an ignition control module and an electronic tag reading device, wherein the detonator processor is respectively connected with the power management module, the man-machine interaction module, the information communication module, the self-locking alarm module, the ignition control module and the electronic tag reading device, the self-locking alarm module is connected with the output end of the ignition control module, and the charging control module and the safety discharging module are both connected with a charging device;
the carbon dioxide blasting device with the electronic tag comprises the electronic tag, a numerical control device and a carbon dioxide blasting tube, wherein the electronic tag is installed on a shell of the carbon dioxide blasting device, and the numerical control device is installed inside the carbon dioxide blasting device.
9. The detonating system of claim 8, wherein: the ignition control device is provided with a device processor, a device power management module, a device charging control module, a device energy storage module, a device voltage detection module, a device safety discharging module, a device ignition control module, a device resetting module, a device clock module and a device communication interface, wherein the device processor is electrically connected with the device charging control module, the device voltage detection module, the device ignition control module, the device resetting module, the device clock module and the device communication interface respectively, the device charging control module is electrically connected with the device energy storage module and the communication interface, the device ignition control module is connected with an ignition head, and the device safety discharging module is connected with the device energy storage module.
10. The detonation system of claim 9, wherein: the ignition control device is provided with an overvoltage protection module and an intrinsic safety power supply control module, and the overvoltage protection module and the intrinsic safety power supply control module are both arranged between the communication interface and the power supply management module.
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