CN220626180U - Test device for simulating instability of excavation surface of shield tunnel - Google Patents
Test device for simulating instability of excavation surface of shield tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN220626180U CN220626180U CN202322181265.3U CN202322181265U CN220626180U CN 220626180 U CN220626180 U CN 220626180U CN 202322181265 U CN202322181265 U CN 202322181265U CN 220626180 U CN220626180 U CN 220626180U
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a test device for simulating instability of a shield tunnel excavation surface, which comprises a test module, a driving module, a control module and a monitoring module, wherein the side plates around a non-cover test box body are made of transparent materials except for a right side plate, a sealing adhesive tape is arranged on the contact surface between a shield tunnel model and a front side plate of the non-cover test box body, the driving module comprises a mounting base, an electric push rod, a servo motor and a power supply seat, and the right ends of the servo motor and the electric push rod are mounted on the vertical power supply seat at an upper-lower interval in a flush manner; the control module comprises an electric cabinet support frame and an electric cabinet which is arranged on the electric cabinet support frame and connected with a servo motor line; the monitoring module comprises a displacement sensor, a plurality of soil pressure sensors, a data acquisition card, a real-time monitoring computer, a soil body change camera and a spotlight, and has the advantages of reducing the workload of experimental personnel, improving the experimental efficiency, realizing the real and reliable experimental data, realizing the real-time monitoring and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield tunnel model tests, and particularly relates to a test device for simulating instability of a shield tunnel excavation surface.
Background
In the shield tunneling process, the pressure of soil in front of the excavation face is balanced through the pressure of the soil bin or the mud water bin so as to maintain the stability of the excavation face, if the pressure in the bin is too small, active instability of the excavation face can be caused, soil in front of the excavation face is collapsed, and surface subsidence is caused; if the pressure in the bin is too high, the excavation surface is subjected to passive instability, so that soil in front of the excavation surface is ejected out to roof and the earth surface is raised. Once the phenomenon of instability of the excavation face occurs in the shield tunneling process, a series of engineering accidents can be caused.
The existing method for evaluating the stability of the excavation face of the shield tunnel is generally realized by a theoretical calculation or numerical analysis method, but the two methods can not reflect the actual situation of the site, and the traditional model test system for the instability of the excavation face of the shield tunnel can be divided into: centrifugal model test system, small-size model test system. The centrifugal model test system has high requirements on test equipment and site environment, the equipment cost is high, and only a small number of research institutions have the conditions at present. The small-size model test system has the advantages of low test equipment requirement, simple operation, low manufacturing cost and the like, and the test precision of the small-size model is continuously improved along with the development of measurement technology in recent years.
The existing model test device for instability of the excavation face of the small-size shield tunnel mainly comprises three parts: the model box, the tunnel model and the power device are formed by a bracket, a soil pressure box for testing the rotation angle of the knob, a goniometer for measuring the rotation angle of the knob and the knob for horizontally moving the rotary piston.
The following drawbacks therefore exist: 1) When the excavation face is unstable, the pressure of the soil body acts on the piston, and then the piston extruded by the soil body transmits the pressure to the soil pressure box through the bracket, so that the data of the soil pressure box is the limit supporting pressure when the excavation face is unstable; the pressure error measured by adopting the transmission mode is larger, and the data test result of the soil pressure box reaction is inaccurate because of gaps in the connection among the piston, the bracket and the soil pressure box; 2) The semicircular piston is attached to the organic glass plate of the model box and the shield tunnel model, and the semicircular piston and the organic glass plate of the model box and the shield tunnel model inevitably rub when the piston moves, and the friction force is unavoidable, but the influence is reflected on the data of the soil pressure box, so that the measured pressure of the soil pressure box is seriously deviated from an actual result; 3) The movement of the piston on the excavation surface is controlled by rotating the knob, the movement distance of the piston is calibrated in the early stage of the test, and the piston moves by 2mm when the knob rotates for one circle; the angle rotated by the knob is reflected by the goniometer, the piston moves by 0.005mm every time the knob rotates, the movement distance of the piston is estimated, time and effort are consumed, the piston is also influenced by the friction action of the piston and the organic glass in the movement process, the actual movement distance of the piston and the movement distance of the piston measured by the knob are caused to have errors, and the labor intensity of a tester is high and fatigue is easy to generate when the tester performs a test.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a test device for simulating the instability of the excavation surface of a shield tunnel, which has small soil pressure measurement error and automatically controls the running speed and the running distance of a piston, and solves the problems that the data test result of the instability soil pressure box reaction of the excavation surface is inaccurate when a small-size model test system is adopted, the friction force is overlarge when the piston moves, and the moving task amount of the piston on the excavation surface is heavy when the knob is manually rotated.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the test device comprises a test module, wherein the test module comprises a non-cover test box body filled with blowing sand, a shield tunnel model which is arranged on the right inner side plate of the non-cover test box body and is in a semicircular shell structure, and a piston matched with the inner wall of the shield tunnel model, and the shield tunnel model is tightly attached to the front side plate of the non-cover test box body to form a cavity for the piston to horizontally move; the device comprises a shield tunnel model, a power supply seat, a control module, a driving module, a control module and a monitoring module, wherein the side plates around the shield tunnel model are made of transparent materials except for a right side plate, a sealing rubber strip is arranged on the contact surface between the shield tunnel model and the front side plate of the shield tunnel model, the driving module comprises a mounting base, an electric push rod, a servo motor and the power supply seat, a bolt at the bottom of the electric push rod is mounted on the mounting base, the left end of the electric push rod horizontally penetrates through the right side plate of the shield tunnel model and is fixed with the right end of a piston, and the right ends of the servo motor and the electric push rod are mounted on the vertical power supply seat at an upper-lower interval; the control module comprises an electric cabinet support frame and an electric cabinet which is arranged on the electric cabinet support frame and connected with a servo motor line; the monitoring module comprises a displacement sensor, a plurality of soil pressure sensors, a data acquisition card, a real-time monitoring computer, a soil body change camera and a spotlight, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged on an electric push rod and connected with a piston, the soil pressure sensors are arranged on the left end excavation surface of the piston and used for recording the soil pressure acting on the excavation surface in the test process, the data acquisition card is connected with the displacement sensor, the soil pressure sensors and the real-time monitoring computer through lines, and the soil body change camera is arranged on a height-adjustable tripod so as to adjust shooting height to be aligned with the piston.
As the scheme is preferable, transparent glass plates are adopted for the side plates at the periphery of the uncovered test box body except the right side plate, so that the observation and shooting are convenient; the bottom plate and the right side plate of the non-cover test box body are both made of steel plates, the bottom plate extends rightwards for installation of the installation base and the electric cabinet support frame, and the integrated installation is stable and firm in structure; the bottom plate of the uncovered test box body is provided with a soil discharging port for discharging the blowing and filling sand, so that sand is conveniently discharged; the four corners of the bottom plate of the non-cover test box body are provided with the directional wheels, so that the moving and stopping are convenient.
Further preferably, the piston is made of a polyoxymethylene material, the polyoxymethylene material is high in rigidity, good in elasticity and self-lubricating, the polyoxymethylene material is commonly used for manufacturing bearings in industry, no one currently uses the polyoxymethylene material for manufacturing a piston of a shield tunnel excavation surface model, the material selection is exquisite, and the friction effect between the piston and the shield tunnel model can be effectively weakened by adopting the polyoxymethylene material; the inner wall of the shield tunnel model is smeared with lubricating liquid, so that not only can the lubricating effect be achieved, but also sand can be prevented from penetrating into the shield tunnel model.
Further preferably, the connecting screw is installed at the right end of the piston through the flange plate, the left end of the electric push rod is matched with the screw thread of the connecting screw, the threaded connection is stable, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient.
Further preferably, the left lower part of the shield tunnel model is provided with a model supporting plate arranged on the bottom plate of the uncovered test box body, so that the left end of the shield tunnel model can be fixed on the basis of ensuring the right end of the shield tunnel model to be fixed, and the left and right stress is balanced and firm in fixation.
Still preferably, the universal joint at the left end of the displacement sensor passes through the non-cover test box body to prop against the flange plate, and the middle end of the displacement sensor is provided with a positioning clamp for fixing on the electric push rod, so that the position installation is stable, the piston and the electric push rod are connected, and the accurate monitoring of the speed of the piston is ensured.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with the model test device for the instability of the excavation surface of the small-size shield tunnel, the horizontal reciprocating motion of the piston is pushed by the manual knob, the moving speed and the moving distance of the piston are precisely controlled by the electric cabinet, the workload of experimental personnel is effectively reduced, the test efficiency is improved, and the actual condition of the instability of the excavation surface of the shield tunnel is more precisely simulated.
(2) Compared with the model test device for the instability of the excavation surface of the small-size shield tunnel, the device has the advantages that the soil pressure data measurement error is large, the displacement sensor is arranged on the electric push rod and connected with the piston, the soil pressure sensor is arranged on the excavation surface of the left end of the piston, the two sensors accurately record the active damage of the excavation surface of the shield tunnel simulated by horizontal right movement of the piston in the test process, the movement data of the excavation surface of the shield tunnel simulated by horizontal left movement of the piston and the soil pressure data acting on the piston of the excavation surface, and the experimental data are real and reliable.
(3) The camera for photographing the soil body changes records the change process of the sand-filled soil body in the model box, and the real-time monitoring computer collects and sorts the sensor data and the photos, so that an experimenter can conveniently monitor the experiment in real time through the sensor data displayed on the computer; be equipped with joint strip on the contact surface of shield tunnel model and the preceding curb plate of uncovered test box, owing to there is the gap between shield tunnel model and the preceding curb plate of uncovered test box, if the existence in this gap of joint strip can make the sandy soil in the model box leak into inside the shield tunnel, leads to test failure, consequently establishes joint strip additional, reasonable in design.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of reducing workload of experimental staff, improving test efficiency, realizing real and reliable experimental data, monitoring in real time and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a test apparatus for simulating instability of an excavation face of a shield tunnel.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1 (with a data acquisition card, a real-time monitoring computer, a soil body change camera and a spotlight connected thereto).
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-3, a test device for simulating instability of a shield tunnel excavation surface is composed of a test module 1, a driving module 2, a control module 3 and a monitoring module 4.
The test module 1 consists of a uncovered test box 11 filled with blowing sand, a shield tunnel model 12 which is arranged on the right inner side plate of the uncovered test box 11 and is in a semicircular shell structure, and a piston 13 which is matched with the inner wall of the shield tunnel model 12.
The side plates around the uncovered test box body 11 are made of transparent materials except the right side plate.
The shield tunnel model 12 is tightly attached to the front side plate of the uncovered test box 11 to form a cavity for the piston 13 to horizontally move.
The driving module 2 consists of a mounting base 21, an electric push rod 22, a servo motor 23 and a power supply seat 24.
The bottom bolt of the electric push rod 22 is arranged on the mounting base 21, and the left end of the electric push rod 22 horizontally penetrates through the right side plate of the uncovered test box 11 and is fixed with the right end of the piston 13.
The servo motor 23 and the right end of the electric push rod 22 are arranged on the vertical power supply seat 24 at an upper-lower interval in a flush way.
The control module 3 consists of an electric cabinet support 31 and an electric cabinet 32 which is arranged on the electric cabinet support 31 and is connected with the servo motor 23 in a circuit way.
The monitoring module 4 consists of a displacement sensor 41, a plurality of soil pressure sensors 42, a data acquisition card 43, a real-time monitoring computer 44, a soil body change camera 45 and a spotlight 46.
The displacement sensor 41 is mounted on the electric putter 22 and connected to the piston 13.
A soil pressure sensor 42 is mounted on the left end excavation surface of the piston 13 for recording the soil pressure acting on the excavation surface during the test.
The data acquisition card 43 is connected with the displacement sensor 41, the soil pressure sensor 42 and the real-time monitoring computer 44 through lines.
The soil body change camera 45 is mounted on a height adjustable tripod 451 to adjust the photographing height to the alignment piston 13.
When the servo motor 23 receives the instruction sent by the electric cabinet 32, the electric push rod 22 is controlled to push the piston 13 to horizontally move right to simulate the active damage of the shield tunnel excavation surface or to move left to simulate the passive damage of the shield tunnel excavation surface, meanwhile, the soil body change camera 45 photographs and records the change process of the sand-filled soil body in the model box, and the real-time monitoring computer 44 performs data acquisition and arrangement.
Transparent glass plates are adopted for the side plates except the right side plate on the periphery of the uncovered test box body 11.
The bottom plate and the right side plate of the non-cover test box body 11 are both made of steel plates, and the bottom plate extends rightwards for the installation of the installation base 21 and the electric cabinet support frame 31.
The bottom plate of the uncovered test box body 11 is provided with an opening and closing type soil discharging opening 112 for discharging the blowing and filling sand, and the four corners of the bottom plate of the uncovered test box body 11 are provided with directional wheels 111.
The piston 13 is preferably made of polyoxymethylene.
The inner wall of the shield tunnel model 12 is smeared with lubricating liquid, and a sealing rubber strip 121 is arranged on the contact surface of the shield tunnel model 12 and the front side plate of the uncovered test box 11.
The right end of the piston 13 is provided with a connecting screw 132 through a flange plate 131.
The left end of the electric push rod 22 is in threaded fit with the connecting screw 132.
The left lower part of the shield tunnel model 12 is provided with a model supporting plate 122 which is arranged on the bottom plate of the uncovered test box 11.
The universal joint 411 at the left end of the displacement sensor 41 passes through the non-cover test box 11 to abut against the flange plate 131, and the middle end is provided with a positioning clamp 412 for fixing on the electric push rod 22.
When the servo motor receives an instruction sent by the electric cabinet, the electric push rod is controlled to push the piston to horizontally move right to simulate the active damage of the excavation surface of the shield tunnel or to move left to simulate the passive damage of the excavation surface of the shield tunnel, and meanwhile, the soil body change camera photographs and records the change process of the sand-filled soil body in the model box, and the real-time monitoring computer performs data acquisition and arrangement.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a test device of simulation shield tunnel excavation face unstability, includes test module (1), test module (1) is including filling uncovered test box (11) of blowing sand, install shield tunnel model (12) that are semicircle shell-like structure at uncovered test box (11) right inner panel and with shield tunnel model (12) inner wall matched piston (13), shield tunnel model (12) and the inseparable laminating of uncovered test box (11) front panel form the cavity that supplies piston (13) horizontal migration, its characterized in that: the device comprises a shield tunnel model (12), a control module (3) and a monitoring module (4), wherein the side plates around the shield tunnel model (12) are made of transparent materials except for a right side plate, a sealing rubber strip (121) is arranged on the contact surface between the shield tunnel model (12) and the front side plate of the shield tunnel model (11), the driving module (2) comprises a mounting base (21), an electric push rod (22), a servo motor (23) and a power supply seat (24), a bottom bolt of the electric push rod (22) is mounted on the mounting base (21), the left end of the electric push rod (22) horizontally penetrates through the right side plate of the shield tunnel model (11) and is fixed with the right end of a piston (13), and the right ends of the servo motor (23) and the electric push rod (22) are mounted on the vertical power supply seat (24) at an upper-lower interval; the control module (3) comprises an electric cabinet support frame (31) and an electric cabinet (32) which is arranged on the electric cabinet support frame (31) and is connected with the servo motor (23) in a circuit manner; the monitoring module (4) comprises a displacement sensor (41), a plurality of soil pressure sensors (42), a data acquisition card (43), a real-time monitoring computer (44), a soil body change camera (45) and a spotlight (46), wherein the displacement sensor (41) is arranged on an electric push rod (22) and is connected with a piston (13), the soil pressure sensors (42) are arranged on the left end excavation surface of the piston (13) and are used for recording soil pressure acting on the excavation surface in the test process, the data acquisition card (43) is connected with the displacement sensor (41), the soil pressure sensors (42) and the real-time monitoring computer (44) through lines, and the soil body change camera (45) is arranged on a height-adjustable tripod (451) so as to adjust shooting height to be aligned with the piston (13).
2. The test device for simulating instability of a tunnel excavation surface of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: transparent glass plates are adopted for the side plates at the periphery of the non-cover test box body (11) except for the right side plate, steel plates are adopted for the bottom plate and the right side plate of the non-cover test box body (11), the bottom plate continues to extend rightwards for installation of the installation base (21) and the electric cabinet support frame (31), the bottom plate of the uncovered test box body (11) is provided with an opening and closing type soil discharging opening (112) for discharging the blowing and filling sand, and four corners of the bottom plate of the uncovered test box body (11) are provided with directional wheels (111).
3. The test device for simulating instability of a tunnel excavation surface of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the piston (13) is made of polyoxymethylene, and lubricating fluid is smeared on the inner wall of the shield tunnel model (12).
4. The test device for simulating instability of a tunnel excavation surface of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the right end of the piston (13) is provided with a connecting screw rod (132) through a flange plate (131), and the left end of the electric push rod (22) is in threaded match with the connecting screw rod (132).
5. The test device for simulating instability of a tunnel excavation surface of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the left lower part of the shield tunnel model (12) is provided with a model supporting plate (122) which is arranged on the bottom plate of the uncovered test box body (11).
6. The test device for simulating instability of the excavated surface of the shield tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: the universal joint (411) at the left end of the displacement sensor (41) passes through the non-cover test box body (11) to prop against the flange plate (131), and the middle end of the displacement sensor is provided with a positioning clamp (412) for being fixed on the electric push rod (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322181265.3U CN220626180U (en) | 2023-08-15 | 2023-08-15 | Test device for simulating instability of excavation surface of shield tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322181265.3U CN220626180U (en) | 2023-08-15 | 2023-08-15 | Test device for simulating instability of excavation surface of shield tunnel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220626180U true CN220626180U (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322181265.3U Active CN220626180U (en) | 2023-08-15 | 2023-08-15 | Test device for simulating instability of excavation surface of shield tunnel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220626180U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-15 CN CN202322181265.3U patent/CN220626180U/en active Active
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