CN220604762U - Battery lithium recycling pyrolysis-reduction treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model particularly discloses a battery lithium recycling pyrolysis-reduction treatment system which comprises a pyrolysis device, a reduction device and a heating device, wherein the pyrolysis device is used for pyrolyzing a crushed lithium battery to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis slag; the reduction device is connected with the pyrolysis device and is used for reducing the polar powder in the pyrolysis slag discharged from the pyrolysis device so as to convert lithium in the polar powder into a water-soluble lithium compound; the heating device is arranged between the exhaust port of the pyrolysis device and the air inlet of the reduction device and is used for heating pyrolysis gas output from the pyrolysis device and then inputting the pyrolysis gas into the reduction device to reduce polar powder in the pyrolysis slag in the reduction device. The battery lithium recycling pyrolysis-reduction treatment system disclosed by the utility model can improve the material utilization rate and the energy utilization rate of the treatment system.

Description

Battery lithium recycling pyrolysis-reduction treatment system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery recovery treatment, and particularly relates to a battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system.

Background

Pyrolysis is an essential link in the recovery process of lithium batteries, and the main purpose of pyrolysis is to decompose organic matters in crushed lithium batteries, so that the safety of subsequent procedures is improved, and meanwhile, the recovery of polar powder is utilized. The reduction of the electrode powder means that before leaching, the electrode powder is reduced firstly to convert lithium into a water-soluble lithium compound, so that most of lithium in the electrode powder can be extracted by water leaching, and the dispersion loss of lithium in the subsequent working procedures is reduced.

In the related art, an external heating rotary kiln is generally adopted to pyrolyze the crushed lithium batteries, a steel belt furnace is adopted to reduce the polar powder, the pyrolysis process and the reduction process are respectively carried out by independent equipment, valuable substances produced in the process are difficult to use, and the energy utilization rate is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system, which improves the material utilization rate and the energy utilization rate of the treatment system.

The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system of the embodiment of the utility model comprises:

the pyrolysis device is used for pyrolyzing the crushed lithium batteries to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis slag;

the reduction device is connected with the pyrolysis device and is used for reducing the polar powder in the pyrolysis slag discharged from the pyrolysis device so as to convert lithium in the polar powder into a water-soluble lithium compound;

and the heating device is arranged between the exhaust port of the pyrolysis device and the air inlet of the reduction device and is used for heating pyrolysis gas output from the pyrolysis device and inputting the pyrolysis gas into the reduction device so as to reduce polar powder in pyrolysis slag in the reduction device.

According to the battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis device can be fully utilized, so that the material utilization rate and the energy utilization rate of the treatment system can be improved.

In some embodiments, the exhaust port of the reduction device is connected to the temperature raising device, and the flue gas output by the reduction device is combusted by the temperature raising device to heat the pyrolysis gas flowing through the temperature raising device.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a conveyor for conveying the pyrolysis slag generated by the pyrolysis apparatus into the reduction apparatus.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a screening device disposed between the pyrolysis device and the conveying device, the screening device being configured to screen the pyrolysis slag output by the pyrolysis device, and undersize being conveyed into the reduction device by the conveying device.

In some embodiments, the sieving chamber of the sieving device and the conveying chamber of the conveying device are both closed chambers, the sieving device is connected with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet of the sieving device is filled with replacement gas to replace flue gas in the sieving chamber, the air outlet of the sieving device is connected with the temperature raising device, and flue gas output by the sieving device is combusted by the temperature raising device to heat pyrolysis gas flowing through the temperature raising device.

In some embodiments, the temperature increasing device comprises:

a housing having an interior cavity;

the heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the inner cavity, and pyrolysis gas output by the pyrolysis device is input into the reduction device after passing through the heat exchange tube bundles;

the burner is connected with the shell, and is communicated with the inner cavity, and the burner is used for heating pyrolysis gas in the heat exchange tube bundle.

In some embodiments, the cross section of the inner cavity is rectangular, the length-width ratio of the rectangle is 2-4:1, and the axial direction of the heat exchange tube bundle is parallel to the length direction of the rectangle.

In some embodiments, the pyrolysis apparatus and the reduction apparatus each comprise:

a tower body;

the heating plates are arranged in the tower body at intervals along the axial direction of the tower body so as to divide the interior of the tower body into a plurality of reaction chambers arranged along the axial direction of the tower body, blanking parts are arranged on each heating plate so as to enable materials to be transferred into the next reaction chamber through the blanking parts, and blanking parts of two adjacent heating plates are staggered so as to form a zigzag blanking path;

the rake material component is arranged in the tower body and is used for turning materials on the heating plate and driving the materials to move to the blanking part of the corresponding heating plate so as to be blanked into the next reaction chamber.

In some embodiments, the heating plate comprises:

the blanking part of the first heating disc is arranged in the middle of the first heating disc;

the blanking parts of the second heating plates are arranged at the outer edges of the second heating plates, which are close to the inner wall surface of the tower body, and a plurality of first heating plates and a plurality of second heating plates are alternately arranged in the tower body along the axial direction of the tower body;

the harrow material subassembly:

a shaft body disposed in the tower body;

the driver is arranged on the tower body and is connected with the shaft body to drive the shaft body to rotate;

the first rod bodies are arranged on the shaft body, each first heating disc corresponds to at least one first rod body, a first material shifting plate is arranged on each first rod body, and the shaft body drives the first rod bodies and the first material shifting plates to rotate so as to shift materials on the first heating discs to move towards the blanking part of the first heating disc;

the second rod bodies are arranged on the shaft body, each second heating disc corresponds to at least one second rod body, a second material shifting plate is arranged on each second rod body, and the shaft body drives the second rod bodies and the second material shifting plates to rotate so as to shift materials on the second heating discs to move towards the blanking parts of the second heating discs.

In some embodiments, the exhaust port of the pyrolysis device is arranged at the upper part of the pyrolysis device, the temperature of a plurality of heating discs in the pyrolysis device gradually rises from top to bottom along the axial direction of the tower body, the air inlet of the reduction device is arranged at the lower part of the reduction device, the exhaust port of the reduction device is arranged at the upper part of the reduction device, and the temperature of a plurality of heating discs in the reduction device gradually decreases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the tower body;

and/or the distance between two adjacent heating plates is 100 mm-400 mm;

and/or the bottom of the tower body is provided with a conical hopper, and the cone angle of the conical hopper is 60-120 degrees;

and/or the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis device is 450-600 ℃;

and/or the temperature of the pyrolysis gas in the reduction device is 600-800 ℃.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to one embodiment of the present utility model.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a reduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a temperature increasing device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

the pyrolysis device 1, a tower body 11, a conical hopper 111, a first heating disc 12, a second heating disc 13, a raking assembly 14, a shaft body 141, a driver 142, a first rod body 143, a second rod body 144, a first material stirring plate 145, a second material stirring plate 146, a blanking part 15 and a pneumatic gate valve 16;

a reduction device 2 and an air inlet 21;

a heating device 3, a shell 31, a heat exchange tube bundle 32 and a burner 33;

a screening device 4;

and a conveying device 5.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to the embodiment of the utility model comprises a pyrolysis device 1, a reduction device 2 and a heating device 3, wherein the pyrolysis device 1 is used for pyrolyzing a crushed lithium battery to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis slag, the reduction device 2 is connected with the pyrolysis device 1, the reduction device 2 is used for reducing polar powder in the pyrolysis slag discharged from the pyrolysis device 1 to convert lithium in the polar powder into a water-soluble lithium compound, and the heating device 3 is arranged between an exhaust port of the pyrolysis device 1 and an air inlet 21 of the reduction device 2 and is used for heating the pyrolysis gas output from the pyrolysis device 1 and then inputting the heated pyrolysis gas into the reduction device 2 to reduce the polar powder in the pyrolysis slag in the reduction device 2.

The pyrolysis device 1 carries out pyrolysis on the broken lithium battery to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis slag, the pyrolysis gas is a gaseous substance with higher temperature, and not only contains a large amount of heat energy, but also contains reducing component substances.

According to the battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis device 1 can be fully utilized, so that the material utilization rate and the energy utilization rate of the treatment system can be improved.

In some embodiments, the exhaust of the reduction device 2 is connected to the temperature raising device 3, and the flue gas output by the reduction device 2 is combusted by the temperature raising device 3 to heat the pyrolysis gas flowing through the temperature raising device 3.

Because the gas exhausted from the exhaust port of the reduction device 2 still has certain heat energy and combustible substances, if the gas is directly exhausted, waste still can be caused, the heating device 3 utilizes the flue gas combustion of the reduction device 2 to heat the pyrolysis gas, the combustible substances of the flue gas exhausted by the reduction device 2 are utilized, and the gas is equivalent to normal-temperature gas in the related art.

Optionally, the temperature raising device 3 may be supplemented with air according to practical situations, when the amount of combustible substances in the flue gas exhausted by the reduction device 2 is relatively small or the amount of oxygen is insufficient, a certain amount of fuel gas or oxygen may be supplemented to ensure the normal operation of the whole system, for example, by setting a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the temperature raising device 3, by setting an electromagnetic valve to control the flow of the fuel gas and the oxygen, the combustible substances in the temperature raising device 3 can be fully combusted, and the corresponding temperature is reached.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a conveying device 5, where the conveying device 5 is configured to convey the pyrolysis slag generated by the pyrolysis device 1 into the reduction device 2.

It should be noted that, the pyrolysis slag after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis device 1 still has a higher temperature, if the pyrolysis slag is discharged first and then transported, the temperature of the pyrolysis slag is reduced, and then the pyrolysis slag needs to be reheated after being sent into the reduction device 2, so that the energy consumption is increased.

Optionally, the conveying device 5 can adopt a pipe chain conveyor to convey, the conveying cavity is relatively sealed, so that heat loss is reduced, volatile harmful substances are prevented from being scattered and overflowed, pyrolysis residues discharged by the pyrolysis device 1 can be directly conveyed to a feeding hole at the top of the reduction device 2 through the pipe chain conveyor, the turnover process of the pyrolysis residues is convenient to realize mechanization and automation, control is more convenient, and the continuity of the whole system is improved.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a screening device 4, the screening device 4 is disposed between the pyrolysis device 1 and the conveying device 5, the screening device 4 is used for screening pyrolysis slag output by the pyrolysis device 1, and the screened material is conveyed into the reduction device 2 through the conveying device 5.

After pyrolysis of the pyrolysis device 1, the lithium battery after thermal breakage is collected at the bottom of the pyrolysis device 1, the lithium battery is intermittently discharged to the screening device 4 for screening through the pneumatic gate valve 16, the oversize materials are mainly shells, the undersize materials are copper foil, aluminum foil, polar powder and the like, other separation is carried out after the oversize materials are intermittently discharged, and the undersize materials are sent to the reduction device 2 through the conveying device 5. The sieving can reduce the conveying amount of the conveying device 5, reduce the substances which do not participate in reduction from entering the reduction device 2, and reduce the load of the reduction device 2.

Optionally, the screening device 4 is a multi-stage screening machine, and screens the pyrolysis slag through multi-stage screening according to the sizes of particle sizes of different components in the pyrolysis slag, so that the materials containing the polar powder discharged after screening are conveyed into the reduction device 2, the components of the pyrolysis slag which is conveyed into the reduction device 2 and is not reduced are further reduced, the working efficiency of the reduction device 2 is improved, the reducing substances in the reduction device 2 are fully contacted with the polar powder, and the reduction effect on lithium is improved.

In some embodiments, the screening chamber of the screening device 4 and the conveying chamber of the conveying device 5 are both closed chambers, the screening device 4 is connected with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet of the screening device 4 is filled with replacement gas to replace flue gas in the screening chamber, the air outlet of the screening device 4 is connected with the temperature raising device 3, and flue gas output by the screening device 4 is combusted by the temperature raising device 3 to heat pyrolysis gas flowing through the temperature raising device 3.

In order to enable pyrolysis slag to be conveyed in a sealing manner, gaseous substances which are volatilized continuously by the pyrolysis slag at high temperature are prevented from being scattered and overflowed, the screening device 4 and the conveying device 5 in the embodiment of the utility model adopt the sealed chamber, the screening device 4 is the sealed chamber, but a large amount of pyrolysis gas still can be scattered and overflowed continuously by the pyrolysis slag in the screening device 4, so that the gas in the screening device 4 is replaced by replacement gas, the replaced gas is introduced into the heating device 3 for combustion, the heat energy of the pyrolysis gas is fully utilized, and in general, the gas replacement is carried out by introducing nitrogen into the screening chamber, the screening process can be operated under the protection of the nitrogen, the oxygen content is reduced, and the pyrolysis slag is prevented from being oxidized due to contact with the oxygen. The conveying device 5 adopts a pipe chain conveyor, the pipe chain conveyor is communicated with the upper part of the reduction device 2, and gas in the pipe chain conveyor can be discharged from an exhaust port of the reduction device 2 and further enters the temperature rising device 3 for combustion so as to utilize heat energy of the pipe chain conveyor.

The pyrolysis slag is screened by adopting the closed screening machine, and the components of the pyrolysis slag such as the shell and the like are separated in advance, so that unnecessary materials in the subsequent process can be reduced, the heat energy utilization rate is improved, and the risk of material clamping in the conveying link is reduced

Furthermore, the inlets and outlets of the pyrolysis device 1 and the reduction device 2 can be connected in a sealing mode, the air tightness of the equipment is guaranteed, the oxygen content of the flue gas in the reduction device 2 is smaller than 0.1%, and the reduction effect cannot be guaranteed if the oxygen content is high.

As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the temperature raising device 3 includes a housing 31, a heat exchange tube bundle 32, and a burner 33, the housing 31 having an interior cavity; the heat exchange tube bundles 32 are arranged in the inner cavity, and pyrolysis gas output by the pyrolysis device 1 is input into the reduction device 2 after passing through the heat exchange tube bundles 32; a burner 33 is connected to the housing 31 and the burner 33 is in communication with the interior cavity, the burner 33 being configured to heat the pyrolysis gas within the heat exchanger tube bundle 32.

In order to fully utilize the combustible materials in the pyrolysis gas, a combustor 33 is arranged in the shell 31, the combustible materials are ignited by the combustor 33 to heat the pyrolysis gas in the heat exchange tube bundle 32, the temperature raising device 3 not only recycles the combustible materials discharged by the reduction device 2 and the screening device 4, but also processes the finally discharged flue gas, so that the fuel gas is emptied after further processing, the recovery rate and the utilization rate of valuable materials in the battery are improved, and the processing technology of the finally discharged flue gas is simplified.

Optionally, graphite tube bundles are used for heat exchange to withstand high temperatures and flue gas corrosion under such conditions.

In some embodiments, the cross-section of the interior cavity is rectangular, the aspect ratio of the rectangle is 2-4:1, and the axial direction of the heat exchanger tube bundle 32 is parallel to the length direction of the rectangle.

It should be noted that, the heating device 3 has corresponding power, the working temperature of the pyrolysis device 1 and the working temperature of the reduction device 2 both have corresponding temperature ranges, the heating range of the pyrolysis gas flowing into the reduction device 2 from the pyrolysis device 1 in the heating device 3 is also maintained within a certain range, in order to enable the combustible material flowing into the heating device 3 to be fully combusted and enable the pyrolysis gas in the heat exchange tube bundle 32 to be effectively heat-exchanged and heated, when the length-width ratio is set to be too small, the length-width ratio of the inner cavity in the embodiment of the utility model is 2-4:1, the heat exchange of the pyrolysis gas is insufficient, the corresponding heating range cannot be achieved, the effect in the reduction device 2 is affected, when the length-width ratio is set to be too large, the combustible material in the flue gas is not fully combusted, valuable material cannot be utilized, and the length-width ratio of the cross section of the inner cavity can be optionally 2:1 or 2.5:1 or 2.8:1 or 3.4:1 or 4:1.

Optionally, the arrangement of the heat exchange tube bundles 32 is changed to enhance the heat exchange effect, for example, the heat exchange tube bundles 32 are arranged in a spiral arrangement in the interior cavity or in an S-shaped arrangement in the interior cavity.

Alternatively, the cross-section of the cavity may be varied to ensure adequate combustion of the flue gases, for example the cross-sectional area of the cavity may be circular.

As shown in fig. 2-5, in some embodiments, the pyrolysis device 1 and the reduction device 2 each include a tower 11, heating plates and a rake assembly 14, wherein a plurality of heating plates are arranged in the tower 11 at intervals along the axial direction of the tower 11 to divide the interior of the tower 11 into a plurality of reaction chambers arranged along the axial direction of the tower 11, a blanking portion 15 is disposed on each heating plate to transfer material into the next reaction chamber through the blanking portion 15, and the blanking portions 15 of two adjacent heating plates are staggered to form a zigzag blanking path; the rake assembly 14 is disposed in the tower 11, and the rake assembly 14 is configured to turn the material on the heating plate and drive the material to move toward the blanking portion 15 of the corresponding heating plate to be blanked into the next reaction chamber.

That is, the broken lithium battery materials conveyed into the pyrolysis device 1 and the pyrolysis slag materials conveyed into the reduction device 2 are all moved on a plurality of heating plates from top to bottom successively, pyrolysis is achieved in the pyrolysis device 1, reduction is achieved in the reduction device 2, the materials are turned through the rake component 14 so that the materials can be heated uniformly, the rake component 14 can also drive the materials to move on the heating plates so that the materials move to blanking portions 15 in the corresponding heating plates, the materials can sequentially move layer by layer in each heating plate, the residence time of the materials in each tower 11 is prolonged, the pyrolysis process and the reduction process continuously run in two towers 11 in a set of system, the movement paths of the materials and the flue gas in the towers are Z-shaped countercurrent, the reverse flow of the materials and the flue gas is utilized to achieve full contact, the residence time of the reaction is fully ensured, and the dynamic conditions of the movement of the materials are provided.

The tower bodies 11 of the pyrolysis device 1 and the reduction device 2 can be of vertical cone bottom cylindrical structures, the treatment capacity is high, the occupied area is small, and the reverse flow arrangement of materials and gas can be realized.

According to the pyrolysis device 1 and the reduction device 2 in the embodiment of the utility model, the temperature of the heating plates at different positions can be controlled according to the requirements, so that the pyrolysis effect of the pyrolysis device 1 and the reduction effect of the reduction device 2 are improved.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the heating plates include a first heating plate 12 and a second heating plate 13, and the blanking portion 15 of the first heating plate 12 is disposed in the middle of the first heating plate 12; the blanking portion 15 of the second heating pan 13 is provided at an outer edge of the second heating pan 13 near an inner wall surface of the tower body 11, and the plurality of first heating pans 12 and the plurality of second heating pans 13 are alternately arranged in the tower body 11 in the axial direction of the tower body 11.

The raking assembly 14 comprises a shaft body 141, a driver 142, a first rod body 143 and a second rod body 144, wherein the shaft body 141 is arranged in the tower body 11; the driver 142 is arranged on the tower body 11, and the driver 142 is connected with the shaft body 141 to drive the shaft body 141 to rotate; the plurality of first rod bodies 143 are arranged on the shaft body 141, each first heating disc 12 corresponds to at least one first rod body 143, a first material shifting plate 145 is arranged on each first rod body 143, and the shaft body 141 drives the first rod bodies 143 and the first material shifting plates 145 to rotate so as to shift the materials on the first heating discs 12 to move towards the blanking part 15 of the first heating disc 12; the plurality of second rod bodies 144 are arranged on the shaft body 141, each second heating disc 13 corresponds to at least one second rod body 144, a second material shifting plate 146 is arranged on each second rod body 144, and the shaft body 141 drives the second rod bodies 144 and the second material shifting plates 146 to rotate so as to shift the materials on the second heating discs 13 to move towards the blanking part 15 of the second heating disc 13.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first heating plate installed in the tower body, and shows an arrangement manner of the first rod body and the first material stirring plate, and fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second heating plate installed in the tower body, and shows an arrangement manner of the second rod body and the second material stirring plate.

Specifically, the first material stirring plates 145 are obliquely arranged relative to the first rod body 143 and the second material stirring plates 146 relative to the second rod body 144, and the oblique directions of the first material stirring plates 145 and the second material stirring plates 146 are different, so that the materials on the first heating plate 12 are pushed to the middle part, the materials on the second heating plate 13 are pushed to the outer edge, the first material stirring plates 145 rotate along with the first rod body 143 and the shaft body 141, each first material stirring plate 145 can stir the materials on the corresponding first heating plate 12 and stir the blanking part 15 in the middle part of the first heating plate 12 for a certain distance, and the materials are gradually moved to the blanking part 15 while being turned by the first material stirring plates 145 and finally drop onto the second heating plate 13 on the lower side of the first heating plate 12, and the pushing mode of the materials on the second heating plate 13 by the second material stirring plates 146 is the same as that of the first material stirring plates 145 are pushed to the outer edge of the second heating plate 13, except that the materials are stirred by the second material stirring plates 146.

Optionally, the driver 142 is a motor, a plurality of rod bodies are disposed on the upper side of each heating plate, a plurality of material stirring plates are disposed on each rod body, for example, 3-6 first rod bodies 143 are disposed on the upper side of each first heating plate 12, 2-4 first material stirring plates 145 are disposed on each first rod body 143 at intervals, 3-6 second rod bodies 144 are disposed on the upper side of each second heating plate 13, and 2-4 second material stirring plates 146 are disposed on each second rod body 144 at intervals.

Optionally, the first heating plate 12 and the second heating plate 13 are each provided with an electric heating module and a temperature sensing module for individually controlling the temperature of each heating plate.

In some embodiments, the exhaust port of the pyrolysis device 1 is disposed at the upper portion of the pyrolysis device 1, the temperatures of the plurality of heating plates in the pyrolysis device 1 gradually increase from top to bottom along the axial direction of the tower 11, the air inlet 21 of the reduction device 2 is disposed at the lower portion of the reduction device 2, the exhaust port of the reduction device 2 is disposed at the upper portion of the reduction device 2, and the temperatures of the plurality of heating plates in the reduction device 2 gradually decrease from top to bottom along the axial direction of the tower 11.

It should be noted that, the gas vent of pyrolysis device 1 is located pyrolysis device 1's upper portion, and the temperature of the heating plate in pyrolysis device 1 from last rising gradually down, the flue gas that lower part produced in pyrolysis device 1 fully exchanges heat with the cold charge on upper portion to improve the temperature of cold charge, promote the cold charge to accelerate pyrolysis, along with the gradual downward movement of broken lithium cell in pyrolysis device 1, thereby can fully pyrolyze it, improve the heat energy utilization ratio of pyrolysis in-process.

The temperature of the heating plate in the reduction device 2 gradually decreases from top to bottom, pyrolysis gas with reducing substances after temperature rising enters from the lower part of the reduction device 2, and the pyrolysis gas is heated by the heating plate in the rising process after heat exchange with pyrolysis slag entering the reduction device 2, so that the temperature of flue gas in the reduction device 2 can be always maintained in a stable section to fully reduce polar powder. The pyrolysis gas introduced into the reduction device 2 has high-reducibility gas, and oxides in the electrode powder are fully reduced in the process of contacting with the electrode powder.

In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent heating plates is 100 mm-400 mm, and due to the arrangement of the inner space of the tower body 11, the manufacturing cost and the equipment utilization rate of the equipment are related, the too small spacing between the two adjacent heating plates has high requirements on the manufacturing of the equipment, when the components are installed and assembled, the components are required to be assembled more tightly and accurately, and the matching between the components and the gaps between the components have certain influence on the whole process, for example, when the gaps between the components are too small, the solid materials may not flow smoothly. Too large a distance between two adjacent heating plates can reduce the utilization rate of the equipment, for example, the whole equipment is too large, the material cost is increased, and for example, too large a distance can lead to too dispersed air flow, and insufficient contact between the reducing substance and the polar powder is easily caused when polar powder reduction is carried out.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the tower 11 is provided with a conical hopper 111, the cone angle of the conical hopper 111 being 60 ° to 120 °. The conical hopper 111 at the bottoms of the pyrolysis device 1 and the reduction device 2 is used for discharging, the too small cone angle can cause the too long cone section, increase heat loss, and the too large cone angle can cause the material to be "bridged" and can not be discharged, so that the normal operation of equipment is affected.

In some embodiments, the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis device 1 is 450-600 ℃, and the thermal decomposition rate of organic matters in the pyrolysis process can be more than or equal to 99% in the temperature range by combining the temperature arrangement mode of the heating plates in the pyrolysis device 1, so that the recovery rate of valuable substances in the lithium battery is improved.

In some embodiments, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas in the reduction device 2 is 600-800 ℃, and the reduction process is carried out without adding any external reducing agent in combination with the temperature arrangement mode of the heating plate in the reduction device 2, so that the reduction rate of the ternary material is more than or equal to 95%, and the oxidation rate of the lithium iron phosphate material is less than or equal to 5%.

The pyrolysis process and the reduction process in the embodiment of the utility model are performed in two towers 11 in a set of system, and the pyrolysis and the reduction are performed in the two towers 11 respectively, so that the problems of low heat energy utilization rate and insufficient reduction rate caused by the reaction in the same tower 11 in the related art are solved, further subdivision processes through more towers 11 are avoided, investment waste is avoided, and the complexity of the system is reduced. The heat energy and the reducing components in the pyrolysis gas can be fully utilized, the addition amount of the reducing agent can be reduced during the reduction of the polar powder, even the reducing agent is not required to be added again, in addition, the gas introduced into the reduction device 2 has higher initial temperature, the energy consumption of the reduction device 2 is reduced, and the heat utilization rate and the material utilization rate of the whole treatment system are improved.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction processing system, comprising:

the pyrolysis device is used for pyrolyzing the crushed lithium batteries to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis slag;

the reduction device is connected with the pyrolysis device and is used for reducing the polar powder in the pyrolysis slag discharged from the pyrolysis device so as to convert lithium in the polar powder into a water-soluble lithium compound;

and the heating device is arranged between the exhaust port of the pyrolysis device and the air inlet of the reduction device and is used for heating pyrolysis gas output from the pyrolysis device and inputting the pyrolysis gas into the reduction device so as to reduce polar powder in pyrolysis slag in the reduction device.

2. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust port of the reduction device is connected to the temperature raising device, and flue gas output from the reduction device is combusted by the temperature raising device to heat the pyrolysis gas flowing through the temperature raising device.

3. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction processing system of claim 1, further comprising a conveyor for conveying the pyrolysis slag generated by the pyrolysis device into the reduction device.

4. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction processing system of claim 3, further comprising a screening device disposed between the pyrolysis device and a conveying device, the screening device configured to screen the pyrolysis slag output by the pyrolysis device, and undersize material conveyed into the reduction device by the conveying device.

5. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the sieving chamber of the sieving device and the conveying chamber of the conveying device are both closed chambers, an air inlet and an air outlet are connected to the sieving device, replacement gas is introduced from the air inlet of the sieving device to replace flue gas in the sieving chamber, the air outlet of the sieving device is connected to the temperature raising device, and flue gas output by the sieving device is combusted by the temperature raising device to heat pyrolysis gas flowing through the temperature raising device.

6. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature raising means comprises:

a housing having an interior cavity;

the heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the inner cavity, and pyrolysis gas output by the pyrolysis device is input into the reduction device after passing through the heat exchange tube bundles;

the burner is connected with the shell, and is communicated with the inner cavity, and the burner is used for heating pyrolysis gas in the heat exchange tube bundle.

7. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the cross section of the inner cavity is rectangular, the aspect ratio of the rectangle is 2-4:1, and the axial direction of the heat exchange tube bundle is parallel to the length direction of the rectangle.

8. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction processing system of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis device and the reduction device each comprise:

a tower body;

the heating plates are arranged in the tower body at intervals along the axial direction of the tower body so as to divide the interior of the tower body into a plurality of reaction chambers arranged along the axial direction of the tower body, blanking parts are arranged on each heating plate so as to enable materials to be transferred into the next reaction chamber through the blanking parts, and blanking parts of two adjacent heating plates are staggered so as to form a zigzag blanking path;

the rake material component is arranged in the tower body and is used for turning materials on the heating plate and driving the materials to move to the blanking part of the corresponding heating plate so as to be blanked into the next reaction chamber.

9. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system of claim 8, wherein the heating plate comprises:

the blanking part of the first heating disc is arranged in the middle of the first heating disc;

the blanking parts of the second heating plates are arranged at the outer edges of the second heating plates, which are close to the inner wall surface of the tower body, and a plurality of first heating plates and a plurality of second heating plates are alternately arranged in the tower body along the axial direction of the tower body;

the harrow material subassembly:

a shaft body disposed in the tower body;

the driver is arranged on the tower body and is connected with the shaft body to drive the shaft body to rotate;

the first rod bodies are arranged on the shaft body, each first heating disc corresponds to at least one first rod body, a first material shifting plate is arranged on each first rod body, and the shaft body drives the first rod bodies and the first material shifting plates to rotate so as to shift materials on the first heating discs to move towards the blanking part of the first heating disc;

the second rod bodies are arranged on the shaft body, each second heating disc corresponds to at least one second rod body, a second material shifting plate is arranged on each second rod body, and the shaft body drives the second rod bodies and the second material shifting plates to rotate so as to shift materials on the second heating discs to move towards the blanking parts of the second heating discs.

10. The battery lithium recovery pyrolysis-reduction treatment system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein an exhaust port of the pyrolysis device is provided at an upper portion of the pyrolysis device, a plurality of heating plates in the pyrolysis device gradually increase in temperature from top to bottom in an axial direction of the tower body, an intake port of the reduction device is provided at a lower portion of the reduction device, an exhaust port of the reduction device is provided at an upper portion of the reduction device, and a plurality of heating plates in the reduction device gradually decrease in temperature from top to bottom in the axial direction of the tower body;

and/or the distance between two adjacent heating plates is 100 mm-400 mm;

and/or the bottom of the tower body is provided with a conical hopper, and the cone angle of the conical hopper is 60-120 degrees;

and/or the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis device is 450-600 ℃;

and/or the temperature of the pyrolysis gas in the reduction device is 600-800 ℃.