CN220566487U - Novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of shock absorbers, in particular to a novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber which mainly solves the problem of poor shock absorption effect of the motorcycle front fork shock absorber in the prior art and comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a piston, a first spring, a second spring, a first sealing cover, a second sealing cover and an adjusting screw, wherein the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first mounting seat which is positioned at one radial side of the hydraulic cylinder, the first mounting seat is provided with a first mounting hole, the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a second mounting seat and a third mounting seat which are respectively positioned at two radial sides of the hydraulic cylinder, the second mounting seat and the third mounting seat are respectively provided with a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole, the first sealing cover is arranged at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder, the first sleeve is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder in a penetrating way, the upper end of the first sleeve is outwards extended through the first sealing cover, the second sealing cover is provided with the upper end of the first sleeve, and the second sleeve is arranged in the first sleeve in a penetrating way.

Description

Novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of shock absorbers, in particular to a novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber.

Background

In order to alleviate and attenuate the impact and vibration of the motorcycle caused by the uneven road in the running process, the smoothness and the comfort of the running are ensured, the service life and the operating stability of the motorcycle are improved, and the motorcycle is provided with shock absorbers.

The Chinese application number is 03234269.1, the grant bulletin number is CN 2621963Y, an inverted front shock absorber of an inner single-tube damper is disclosed, the inverted front shock absorber of the inner single-tube damper is suitable for middle and high grade off-road vehicles and racing vehicles, and comprises a bottom tube, a front fork tube, a dust cover, an outer tube, an end cover, a buffer pad, a bushing seat, a gasket, an oil seal, a damping spring, a base, a positioning seat, a screw, a lock nut, an opening gasket, a retainer ring, a piston body, a limiting pad, a buffer spring, a working cylinder, a guide seat, a connecting rod and a damper, wherein one end of the front fork tube is sleeved with the bottom tube, the other end of the front fork tube is sleeved with the outer tube, and a bushing is arranged between the outer wall of the front fork tube and the inner wall of the outer tube; a damper is arranged in the front fork tube, a damping spring is sleeved on the damper, one end of the damping spring is in contact with the positioning seat, the other end of the damping spring is limited by a bushing seat arranged on the damper, and a piston ring is arranged between the bushing seat and the inner wall of the front fork tube. When the damper is used, the outer cylinder is connected with the upper part and the lower part of the whole car steering column in a matched manner, damping oil is added into the single-cylinder damper, the damping oil is higher than the piston body, the outer cylinder 4 drives the damper to move leftwards under the action of external force, the damper in the inner cavity of the working cylinder is forced to generate compression resistance through the damping hole on the piston body, a high-pressure chamber is formed in the damper, and at the moment, the damping spring is compressed, so that the damping effect is realized. In the process of restoring the original length of the damping spring, the acting force acts on the bushing seat, the bushing seat drives the damper to move leftwards and rightwards through the positioning pipe, damping oil at the left end of the working cylinder is forced to flow through the damping hole in the piston body to generate restoring resistance, and the damping spring is restored. The outer wall of the front fork tube is not in direct contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder through the bushing and the support in the whole movement, so that the friction force between the outer wall of the front fork tube and the inner wall of the outer cylinder is reduced, and the movement flexibility and the bending strength of the shock absorber are improved.

However, the motorcycle shock absorber can not meet the shock absorption requirements of the motorcycle on different road conditions, different jumping degrees and different turning degrees, so that the shock absorber can not comfortably, stably, flexibly and effectively absorb the shock and impact from the road surface; in particular, the shock absorbing effect is poor for racing motorcycles.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, in order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber, which mainly solves the problem of poor shock absorption effect of the motorcycle front fork shock absorber in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber, includes hydraulic cylinder, first sleeve, second sleeve, piston, first spring, second spring, first sealing cap, second sealing cap and adjusting screw, the lower extreme of hydraulic cylinder and be located the radial one side of hydraulic cylinder and be equipped with first mount pad, be equipped with first mounting hole on the first mount pad, the upper portion of hydraulic cylinder and be located the radial both sides of hydraulic cylinder and be equipped with second mount pad and third mount pad respectively, be equipped with second mounting hole and third mounting hole on second mount pad respectively, the upper end that first sealing cap located the hydraulic cylinder, first sleeve wears to locate in the hydraulic cylinder to the upper end of first sleeve passes first sealing cap outward extension, the second sealing cap is equipped with the upper end of first sleeve, the second sleeve wears to locate in the first sleeve, the lower extreme of second sleeve wears to go out first sleeve and support the bottom of hydraulic cylinder in the second sleeve, the lower part of second sleeve is equipped with two first through-holes respectively, the second piston is located on second sleeve and the second piston ring, the second piston is located on the second piston ring, the second piston ring is located to the second piston ring, the second piston is equipped with the same, the second piston is equipped with the first piston, the second piston is equipped with the first sleeve, the piston is equipped with the bottom of first sleeve, the piston, the bottom of the second sleeve is equipped with, and the bottom through the first through-hole, and the first through hole, and the top and the bottom hole, and the bottom, and the upper end of the adjusting screw extends to the lower end of the second sleeve, and the flow path area of the damping oil flowing through the first communication hole is adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw.

Further, a second communication hole is formed in the second sleeve and located between the piston and the support ring.

Further, an annular groove is formed in the circumferential outer surface of the supporting ring, an elastic ring is embedded in the annular groove, and the circumferential outer surface of the elastic ring abuts against the inner surface of the first sleeve.

Further, the elastic ring comprises a base part with an annular structure and at least three protruding blocks uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the base part, and through grooves are formed between two adjacent protruding blocks.

Further, a fourth mounting seat and a fifth mounting seat are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder and located between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat and far away from the radial side of the first mounting seat, the fourth mounting seat and the fifth mounting seat are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder, and a fourth mounting hole and a fifth mounting hole are respectively formed in the fourth mounting seat and the fifth mounting seat.

Further, the first sealing cover comprises an end cover, a top ring, an elastic sleeve, a metal elastic ring and a second bushing, wherein the upper surface of the top ring is propped against the lower end face of the end cover, an upper annular groove and a lower annular groove are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic sleeve, the lower end face of the top ring is propped against the upper end face of the elastic sleeve, the metal elastic ring is clamped on the circumferential outer surface of the elastic sleeve, and the upper end of the second bushing is embedded in the lower annular groove.

Further, the upper end face of the elastic sleeve is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring through an upper annular groove, the circumferential outer side face of the top ring is arranged in an inclined plane, the lower end face of the top ring abuts against the inner ring, and the circumferential outer side face of the top ring abuts against the outer side face of the upper annular groove.

Further, the metal elastic ring is provided with a notch, the metal elastic ring comprises a first curve part, a second curve part, a third curve part, a fourth curve part and a fifth curve part which are sequentially and integrally connected, the first curve part and the second curve part are axially symmetrically distributed with the fifth curve part and the fourth curve part along the central line of the third curve part, the concave surface of the first curve part faces the inner side surface, the concave surface of the second curve part faces the outer side surface, the curvature radius of the second curve part is smaller than that of the first curve part, and the curvature radius of the first curve part is smaller than that of the third curve part.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: this novel motorcycle front fork bumper shock absorber, the fork shoulder of motorcycle front fork is installed to first telescopic upper end, and through the first mount pad on the hydraulic cylinder, second mount pad and third mount pad are connected with the automobile body installation of motorcycle, make the shock absorber be good with the connection fastness of motorcycle, simultaneously first mount pad inlays in the bottom of locating the hydraulic cylinder, thereby improved the joint strength of hydraulic cylinder, avoid can balanced motorcycle to go on impact and the vibrations that produce act on the hydraulic cylinder, improve the joint strength of hydraulic cylinder and mount pad, avoid great impact to cause cracked problem to take place, when using, the impact force acts on first sleeve, make first sleeve and hydraulic cylinder sliding motion in opposite directions, likewise, first sleeve and second sleeve sliding motion in opposite directions, make the piston extrusion first sleeve in the damping oil, make the damping oil enter into the second appearance intracavity through first connecting hole, and adjust the area of damping oil flow through rotatory adjusting screw, thereby the damping size of shock absorber, and set up through second spring and support ring and connect with the piston, make the impact force produce the impact force that makes the impact force produce along the first shock-absorbing wall, and the impact force is big when the impact force is realized, and the impact force is realized through the second impact sleeve is high, and the impact force is avoided, the impact force is high to the impact is more than the impact force is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a first state of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a second state of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a third state of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a first state of a hydraulic cylinder in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a second state of a hydraulic cylinder in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a second sleeve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of an elastic ring according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a first flap in a top view according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a bottom view of a first flap according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a metal elastic ring according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing a bottom view of a piston according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a piston in a top view with an upper cover plate omitted in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an exploded top view of a piston in an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 16 is an exploded view of the piston in a bottom view in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The utility model will now be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.

The embodiment of the utility model comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 1 to 8, a novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a first sleeve 2, a second sleeve 3, a piston 4, a first spring 5, a second spring 6, a first sealing cover 8, a second sealing cover 9 and an adjusting screw 7, wherein a first mounting seat 11 is arranged at the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and positioned at one radial side of the hydraulic cylinder 1, a first mounting hole 12 is arranged on the first mounting seat 11, a second mounting seat 13 and a third mounting seat 15 are respectively arranged at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and positioned at two radial sides of the hydraulic cylinder 1, a second mounting hole 14 and a third mounting hole 16 are respectively arranged on the second mounting seat 13 and the third mounting seat 15, the first sealing cover 8 is arranged at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the first sleeve 2 is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 1 in a penetrating way, the upper end of the first sleeve 2 extends outwards through the first sealing cover 8, the second sealing cover 9 is provided with the upper end of the first sleeve 2, the second sleeve 3 is penetrated in the first sleeve 2, the lower end of the second sleeve 3 penetrates out of the first sleeve 2 and is propped against the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the lower part of the second sleeve 3 is provided with two first communication holes 31, the two first communication holes 31 are distributed on the same diameter of the second sleeve 3, the upper end of the second sleeve 3 is provided with a supporting ring 10, the piston 4 is arranged in the middle of the second sleeve 3, the first spring 5 penetrates into the first sleeve 2, two ends of the first spring 5 are propped against the second sealing cover 9 and the supporting ring 10 respectively, the second spring 6 is sleeved on the second sleeve 3, two ends of the second spring 6 are propped against the supporting ring 10 and the piston 4 respectively, a first accommodating cavity 100 is formed by the second sealing cover 9, the first sleeve 2, the second sleeve 3 and the piston 4, the second containing cavity 200 is formed by the first sealing cover 8, the hydraulic cylinder 1, the first sleeve 2, the second sleeve 3 and the piston 4, damping oil is filled in the first containing cavity 100 and the second containing cavity 200, the adjusting screw 7 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the upper end of the adjusting screw 7 extends to the lower end of the second sleeve 3, and the flow path area of the damping oil flowing through the first communication hole 31 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 7.

The hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided with a fourth mounting seat 17 and a fifth mounting seat 19 which are arranged between the first mounting seat 11 and the second mounting seat 13 and far away from the radial side of the first mounting seat 11, the fourth mounting seat 17 and the fifth mounting seat 19 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the fourth mounting seat 17 and the fifth mounting seat 19 are respectively provided with a fourth mounting hole 18 and a fifth mounting hole 20, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided with a reinforcing rib 30 for connecting the first mounting seat 11 and the third mounting seat 15.

The novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber, the upper end of the first sleeve 2 is installed on the fork shoulder of the motorcycle front fork, and the first installation seat 11, the second installation seat 13 and the third installation seat 15 on the hydraulic cylinder 1 are connected with the body installation of the motorcycle, so that the shock absorber has good connection firmness with the motorcycle, meanwhile, the first installation seat 11 is embedded in the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 1, thereby improving the connection strength of the hydraulic cylinder 1, avoiding the impact and vibration generated during the running of the motorcycle to act on the hydraulic cylinder, improving the connection strength of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the installation seat, avoiding the occurrence of the problem of fracture caused by larger impact, the fourth installation seat 17 and the fifth installation seat 19 are beneficial to the installation of the front disc brake device, have good firmness, and are combined with reinforcing ribs, so that the strength of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is ensured, the impact force acts on the first sleeve 2 to enable the first sleeve 2 to slide opposite to the hydraulic cylinder 1, the first sleeve 2 and the second sleeve 3 slide opposite to each other, the piston 4 on the second sleeve 3 presses damping oil in the first sleeve 2 to enable the damping oil to enter the second containing cavity 200 through the first communicating hole 31, the flow path area of the damping oil flowing through the first communicating hole 31 is adjusted through rotating the adjusting screw 7, so that the damping size of the shock absorber is adjusted, the piston 4 and the supporting ring 10 are connected through the arrangement of the second spring 6, the piston 4 realizes floating connection, when the damping oil is pressed, the damping oil is buffered through the relative movement of the piston 4 along the first sleeve 2 and the second sleeve 3, the impact wall feeling caused by the primary impact of the large impact force is avoided, the damping oil can be balanced through the second spring 6 according to the size of the impact force, so that the damping effect is further improved.

It is noted that a second communication hole 32 is disposed on the second sleeve 3 and between the piston 4 and the supporting ring 10, an annular groove 40 is disposed on the circumferential outer surface of the supporting ring 10, an elastic ring 50 is embedded in the annular groove 40, the circumferential outer surface of the elastic ring 50 abuts against the inner surface of the first sleeve 2, a cavity 300 is formed by the elastic ring 50 and the piston 4, and the second communication hole 32 is disposed to communicate with the cavity 300, when the shock absorber receives an impact force, the compensation effect of damping oil of the cavity 300 is achieved by cooperation with the second spring 6, so that the pressure intensity in the cavity 300 maintains good stability, and sliding balance of the piston 4 can be ensured, thereby improving the shock absorbing effect.

Meanwhile, referring to fig. 9, the elastic ring 50 includes a base 501 having a ring structure and four protrusions 502 uniformly disposed on the lower surface of the base 501, and a through groove 503 is formed between two adjacent protrusions 502, so that when a larger impact force is received, the damping oil acts on the elastic ring 50 to lift the force, and the protrusions 502 are disposed to realize support, so that the portion of the base 501, where the protrusions 502 are not disposed, is easily deformed, and under the extrusion of the damping oil, the damping oil penetrates into the cavity 300 to achieve better buffering, and further improve the damping effect.

Referring to fig. 10, 11 and 12, the first sealing cover 8 includes an end cover 81, a top ring 82, an elastic sleeve 83, a metal elastic ring 84 and a second bushing 85, wherein an upper surface of the top ring 82 abuts against a lower end surface of the end cover 81, an upper annular groove 86 and a lower annular groove 87 are respectively provided on an upper surface and a lower surface of the elastic sleeve 83, a lower end surface of the top ring 82 abuts against an upper end surface of the elastic sleeve 83, the metal elastic ring 84 is clamped on a circumferential outer surface of the elastic sleeve 83, an upper end of the second bushing 85 is embedded in the lower annular groove 87, the upper end surface of the elastic sleeve 83 is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring by the upper annular groove 86, a circumferential outer surface of the top ring 82 is provided with an inclined surface, a lower end surface of the top ring 82 abuts against the inner ring, and a circumferential outer surface of the top ring 82 abuts against an outer surface of the upper annular groove 86.

So, when the end cover 81 is screwed into the hydraulic cylinder 1, the end cover 81 extrudes the elastic sleeve 83 through the top ring 82, so that the outer ring of the elastic sleeve 83 extrudes the inner side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the outer ring extrudes the outer side wall of the first sleeve 2, meanwhile, the elastic force is high through the arranged metal elastic ring 84, the elastic sleeve 83 is better fixed, and the elastic sleeve 83 is slightly tilted outwards through the clamping in the middle part, so that the laminating performance is improved, and the lower annular groove 87 on the lower end surface of the elastic sleeve 83 is embedded through the second bushing 85, so that the sealing effect of the first sealing cover 8 is improved.

Further, the metal elastic ring 84 has a notch 846, the metal elastic ring 84 includes a first curve 841, a second curve 842, a third curve 843, a fourth curve 844, and a fifth curve 845 that are sequentially integrally connected, the first curve 841 and the second curve 842 are axially symmetrically distributed along a center line of the third curve 843 and the fifth curve 845 and the fourth curve 844, a concave surface of the first curve 841 faces to an inner side surface, a concave surface of the second curve 842 faces to an outer side surface, a radius of curvature of the second curve 482 is smaller than a radius of curvature of the first curve 841, and a radius of curvature of the first curve 841 is smaller than a radius of curvature of the third curve 843.

By the design, the first curve part 841, the third curve part 843 and the fifth curve part 845 realize the support of the second curve part 842 and the fourth curve part 844, the elastic sleeve 83 is clamped inwards through the second curve part 842 and the fourth curve part 844, fixation is realized, meanwhile, the notch 846 arranged on the metal elastic ring 84 is used for keeping the elastic potential energy of the metal elastic ring 84, better fixed clamping is realized, the metal elastic ring 84 is convenient to install, in the movement of the first sleeve 2, the diameter error of the second sleeve 3 caused by radial runout and machining precision of the metal elastic ring 84 is avoided, and the elastic sleeve 83 can be ensured to be always additionally held on the outer side face of the second sleeve 3 through the design, so that the sealing effect is improved.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 13 to 16, the piston 4 includes a piston body 41, an upper cover plate 43, a lower cover plate 45, an upper floating ring 42 and a lower floating ring 44, a first through hole 411 for the second sleeve 3 to pass through is provided at the central axis of the piston body 41, an upper stepped groove 412 and a lower stepped groove 413 connected to the first through hole 411 are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piston body 41, and four third communication holes 414 are provided on the upper stepped groove 412 and the lower stepped groove 413 on the piston body 41;

the upper floating ring 42 is embedded in the upper stepped groove 412, a second through hole 421 for the second sleeve 3 to pass through is formed in the upper floating ring 42, the thickness dimension of the upper floating ring 42 is smaller than the depth dimension of the upper stepped groove 412, the width dimension of the upper floating ring 42 is smaller than the width dimension of the upper stepped groove 412, so that the upper floating ring 42 is embedded in the upper stepped groove 412, a first annular channel 422 is formed between the upper floating ring 42 and the upper stepped groove 412, the upper cover plate 43 is covered on the upper surface of the piston body 41, a third through hole 431 for the second sleeve 3 to pass through and five first yielding grooves 432 connected with the third through hole 431 are formed in the upper cover plate 43, and the first yielding grooves 432 are communicated with the first annular channel 422;

the lower floating ring 44 is embedded in the lower step groove 413, a fourth through hole 441 for the second sleeve 3 to pass through is formed in the lower floating ring 44, the thickness dimension of the lower floating ring 44 is smaller than the depth dimension of the lower step groove 413, the width dimension of the lower floating ring 44 is smaller than the width dimension of the lower step groove 413, the lower floating ring 44 is embedded in the lower step groove 413, a second annular channel 442 is formed between the lower floating ring 44 and the lower step groove 413, the lower cover plate 45 is covered on the lower surface of the piston body 41, a fifth through hole 451 for the second sleeve 3 to pass through and five second yielding grooves 452 connected with the fifth through hole 451 are formed in the lower cover plate 45, the second yielding grooves 452 are communicated with the second annular channel 442, and the circumferential outer surface of the lower floating ring 44 is set into a curved surface structure.

When the damping oil in the containing cavity is balanced, the upper floating ring 42 floats, the damping oil passes through the piston body 41 through the first yielding groove 432, the first annular channel 422 and the third communication hole 414, and pushes the lower floating ring 44 to abut against the lower cover plate 45, so that the lower floating ring 44 is separated from the third communication hole 414, the damping oil enters the second containing cavity 200, the smooth effect of the damping oil can be ensured, the flow of the damping oil is convenient under the condition of small impact, and when the large impact force is received, the pressure of the damping oil in the containing cavity is unbalanced, the upper floating ring 42 abuts against the upper surface of the piston body 41 to block the third communication hole 414, the damping oil in the containing cavity 300 is regulated through the second spring 6 and the second communication hole 32, and under the condition that the pressure tends to be stable, the flow of the damping oil is improved, and the damping effect of the damper is further improved.

While the utility model has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber, characterized in that: comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a piston, a first spring, a second spring, a first sealing cover, a second sealing cover and an adjusting screw, wherein a first mounting seat is arranged at the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder and positioned at one radial side of the hydraulic cylinder, a first mounting hole is arranged on the first mounting seat, a second mounting seat and a third mounting seat are respectively arranged at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder and positioned at the two radial sides of the hydraulic cylinder, a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole are respectively arranged on the second mounting seat and the third mounting seat, the first sealing cover is arranged at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder, the first sleeve penetrates through the hydraulic cylinder, the upper end of the first sleeve penetrates through the first sealing cover to extend outwards, the second sealing cover is provided with the upper end of the first sleeve, the second sleeve penetrates through the first sleeve, the lower end of the second sleeve penetrates out of the first sleeve and is propped against the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, the lower part of the second sleeve is provided with two first communication holes, the two first communication holes are distributed on the same diameter of the second sleeve, the upper end of the second sleeve is provided with a supporting ring, the piston is arranged in the middle of the second sleeve, the first spring is arranged in the first sleeve in a penetrating way, two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted on the second sealing cover and the supporting ring, the second spring is sleeved on the second sleeve, two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted on the supporting ring and the piston, a first containing cavity is formed by the second sealing cover, the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the piston, a second containing cavity is formed by the first sealing cover, the hydraulic cylinder, the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the piston, damping oil is filled in the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity, the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper end of the adjusting screw extends to the lower end of the second sleeve, and the flow path area of the damping oil flowing through the first communication hole is adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw.

2. The novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber of claim 1, wherein: and a second communication hole is arranged on the second sleeve and positioned between the piston and the support ring.

3. The novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber of claim 2, wherein: the outer surface of the circumference of the supporting ring is provided with an annular groove, an elastic ring is embedded in the annular groove, and the outer surface of the circumference of the elastic ring abuts against the inner surface of the first sleeve.

4. A novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber according to claim 3, wherein: the elastic ring comprises a base part with an annular structure and at least three protruding blocks uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the base part, and through grooves are formed between two adjacent protruding blocks.

5. A novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, a fourth mounting seat and a fifth mounting seat are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder and located between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat and far away from the radial side of the first mounting seat, the fourth mounting seat and the fifth mounting seat are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder, and a fourth mounting hole and a fifth mounting hole are respectively formed in the fourth mounting seat and the fifth mounting seat.

6. The novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein: the first sealing cover comprises an end cover, a top ring, an elastic sleeve, a metal elastic ring and a second bushing, wherein the upper surface of the top ring is propped against the lower end face of the end cover, an upper annular groove and a lower annular groove are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic sleeve, the lower end face of the top ring is propped against the upper end face of the elastic sleeve, the metal elastic ring is clamped on the circumferential outer surface of the elastic sleeve, and the upper end of the second bushing is embedded in the lower annular groove.

7. The novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein: the upper end face of the elastic sleeve is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring through an upper annular groove, the circumferential outer side face of the top ring is arranged in an inclined plane, the lower end face of the top ring abuts against the inner ring, and the circumferential outer side face of the top ring abuts against the outer side face of the upper annular groove.

8. The novel motorcycle front fork shock absorber according to claim 7, wherein: the metal elastic ring is provided with a notch, the metal elastic ring comprises a first curve part, a second curve part, a third curve part, a fourth curve part and a fifth curve part which are sequentially and integrally connected, the first curve part and the second curve part are axially symmetrically distributed along the central line of the third curve part and the fifth curve part and the fourth curve part, the concave surface of the first curve part faces the inner side surface, the concave surface of the second curve part faces the outer side surface, the curvature radius of the second curve part is smaller than that of the first curve part, and the curvature radius of the first curve part is smaller than that of the third curve part.