CN220510786U - High-power flywheel energy storage converter device - Google Patents
High-power flywheel energy storage converter device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-power flywheel energy storage converter device which comprises flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices, flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices and a centralized control system, wherein two flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices are arranged in a group and are arranged on the same cabinet body, the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices are independently arranged on the same cabinet body, the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices correspond to a plurality of flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices, the centralized control system is connected with the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices and the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices, and a PCS controller connected with the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices and an IPM controller connected with the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices are arranged, and the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices are connected with flywheel energy storage units. The utility model meets the mounting requirement of container type, and simultaneously meets the high-power rapid charge and discharge characteristics of the flywheel, and ensures that the performances of system response time, power precision, multiple charge and discharge synchronicity and the like meet the requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a flywheel device, in particular to a high-power flywheel energy storage converter device.
Background
The flywheel energy storage technology is an energy storage mode that a motor is used for driving a flywheel to rotate at a high speed, electric energy is converted into kinetic energy to be stored, and when the energy storage mode is needed, the flywheel rotating at the high speed is used for driving a generator to generate electricity to release the electric energy. The flywheel energy storage has the technical advantages of higher energy storage density, independent charge and discharge times and charge and discharge depth, theoretically infinite charge and discharge times, high energy conversion efficiency, high reliability, easy maintenance, low requirement on using environment conditions, no pollution and the like. At present, flywheel energy storage is mainly applied to occasions such as UPS markets, power grid frequency modulation, rail transit, energy storage type electric automobile charging piles and the like.
However, the high-power flywheel energy storage unit (the flywheel energy storage unit refers to a device for storing mechanical energy, which is formed by related structures such as a flywheel, a motor and the like) is not yet applied to maturity, the low-power flywheel energy storage unit has higher stability and reliability, the high-power application is realized, the parallel operation of a plurality of low-power flywheel energy storage units is a development direction, and the design of a flywheel energy storage converter device with high power, high reliability, high response speed, high efficiency and long service life is a necessary condition for large-scale maturation application of flywheel energy storage; in the current market application, a plurality of occasions are that the flywheel energy storage converter and the flywheel energy storage unit are placed in a container together to form a box-type structure, and the design of the split flywheel energy storage converter device is a reasonable choice for the container structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a high-power flywheel energy storage converter device based on the application characteristics of short-time high-power quick response of flywheel energy storage and the current situation of a current flywheel energy storage unit, aiming at the current industry situation that the current flywheel energy storage unit is not fully applied, and solving the problem that the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device is in parallel connection with a low-power mature flywheel energy storage unit, the split design of the high-power converter can be well suitable for container type installation and transportation, and meanwhile, the problems of power response, synchronism and the like of a system are solved by utilizing the design of a centralized control system, and the technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a high-power flywheel energy storage converter device, includes flywheel energy storage grid-connected device, flywheel energy storage variable frequency device and centralized control system, flywheel energy storage variable frequency device is two a set of, installs at same cabinet body, flywheel energy storage grid-connected device installs at a cabinet body alone, flywheel energy storage grid-connected device corresponds a plurality of flywheel energy storage variable frequency device, centralized control system is connected with flywheel energy storage grid-connected device, flywheel energy storage variable frequency device, is provided with the PCS controller of connecting flywheel energy storage grid-connected device, the IPM controller of connecting flywheel energy storage variable frequency device, flywheel energy storage variable frequency device is connected with flywheel energy storage unit.
The PCS controller and the IPM controller are configured by adopting a hardware structure combining a DSP chip and an FPGA chip, the DSP chip adopts TMS320F28335, the FPGA chip adopts XC3S500E, the FPGA is responsible for driving a power unit of the converter, sampling current, voltage and temperature, the DSP is responsible for data processing, realizing a control algorithm and carrying out data exchange with the outside, and the DSP and the FPGA realize rapid and efficient data storage and exchange through a data bus and a control bus.
The flywheel energy storage grid-connected device and the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion device are designed by adopting a three-level topological structure, and the flywheel energy storage grid-connected device is designed with an LCL high-performance filter unit.
The three-level topological structure of the flywheel energy storage grid-connected device comprises an IGBT four-parallel U-phase module, an IGBT four-parallel V-phase module and an IGBT four-parallel W-phase module, and a lightning protection device is arranged between the LCL high-performance filter unit and a power grid.
The centralized control system comprises a PCS controller, an IPM controller, a centralized communication controller, a PCS display screen, a serial port gateway and a Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC, wherein the Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC is a system master control and is used for upper and remote control, control and data exchange are realized with the centralized communication controller through RS485, data exchange is realized with the PCS display screen and the serial port gateway through a network port, and the centralized communication controller performs data exchange with the PCS controller and the IPM controller through optical fibers to control the PCS controller and the IPM controller.
The PCS controller is used for controlling the PCS, exchanging data with the PCS display screen through an RS485 interface, and exchanging data with the centralized communication controller through an optical fiber.
The IPM controller is used for controlling the IPM, exchanging data with the serial port gateway through an RS485 interface, and exchanging data with the centralized communication controller through an optical fiber.
The PCS display screen is communicated with the PCS controller through the RS485 interface and is communicated with the PLC through the network port, the display screen can forward control commands and other information issued by the PLC to the PCS controller, and meanwhile, various state information in the PCS controller can also be forwarded to the PLC.
The serial port gateway is communicated with the IPM controller through an RS485 interface and is communicated with the PLC through a network port, and the serial port gateway can forward control commands and other information issued by the PLC to the IPM controller and can also forward various state information in the IPM controller to the PLC.
And the UPS is also provided, and auxiliary power supply is provided by the UPS.
The high-power flywheel energy storage converter device meets the mounting requirement of container type, meets the high-power rapid charging and discharging characteristics of the flywheel, and ensures that the performances such as system response time, power precision, and multiple charging and discharging synchronicity meet the requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic PCS diagram of the high power flywheel energy storage converter device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic IPM diagram of the high power flywheel energy storage converter device;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the centralized control system;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control network architecture of the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device;
figure 6 is a schematic connection diagram of an embodiment of the high power flywheel energy storage converter device.
Detailed Description
According to the current situations that the flywheel energy storage system is applied to high power demands and the flywheel single body power is smaller, the scheme firstly considers a method for realizing high power by combining a plurality of flywheels, and based on the method, an energy storage converter device is designed to be a flywheel energy storage grid-connected device (hereinafter referred to as PCS) and a flywheel energy storage frequency conversion device (hereinafter referred to as IPM), wherein one PCS is arranged, the rated power is 1.6MW, one to eight IPMs are arranged, the rated power is 200kW, and the number of the IPMs can be flexibly configured according to application scenes to realize the most reasonable total assembly machine power. Then, in order to fully develop the characteristics of quick response of flywheel energy storage and short-time high-power high-frequency charge and discharge, PCS and IPM in the energy storage converter device are designed by adopting a three-level topological structure, and LCL high-performance filter units are simultaneously designed in the PCS, so that grid-connected harmonic waves are effectively controlled.
As shown in fig. 1, in the PCS of the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device, the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device comprises an IGBT four-parallel U-phase module, an IGBT four-parallel V-phase module and an IGBT four-parallel W-phase module of a three-level topological structure, and the PCS is designed with an LCL high-performance filter unit connected with the three-level topological structure, and meanwhile, a lightning protection device is arranged between the LCL high-performance filter unit and a power grid.
As shown in fig. 2, in the IPM of the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device, a three-level topology structure is also adopted, the direct current incoming line corresponds to two power units of the IPM, and a filter inductance unit is arranged behind each power unit of the IPM.
In the I-type three-level topological structure, PCS and IPM form a flywheel energy storage converter to realize the charge and discharge of the flywheel. When the system is charged, the PCS works in a rectifier state, converts network-side alternating current into direct current, and stores energy in an energy storage device (flywheel) through the IPM; during discharging, the PCS works in an inverter state, and energy released by the energy storage device (flywheel) is converted from direct current into alternating current to be fed back to the power grid. The alternating current side output filter adopts advanced LCL filtering (the structure refers to an LCL filter in a PCS topological structure chart), so that the requirement of harmonic suppression can be met, and the electric energy quality is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device comprises a PCS cabinet body, an IPM cabinet body and a centralized control system, wherein the power grid is connected with the PCS cabinet body, the PCS cabinet body is connected with the flywheel energy storage unit through the IPM cabinet body, and the centralized control system is connected with the PCS cabinet body and the IPM cabinet body.
The PCS cabinet body is provided with a PCS, and the IPM cabinet body is provided with two IPMs. In practical design, PCS is an independent cabinet, two IPM units are placed in the same cabinet to form an IPM cabinet, a split structure is formed between PCS and a plurality of IPMs, the split structure ensures that the whole device has MW-level high power, and meanwhile, the single-body intelligent cabinet can be conveniently transported and installed, the number of IPMs can be flexibly configured through split design, and therefore the number of IPMs can be reasonably configured under the condition of meeting the power requirement of a system to achieve the effect of economy and applicability.
As shown in fig. 4, the simultaneous split design inevitably brings about the problem of cooperative control among multiple controllers, and in order to solve the problem, a centralized control system is designed in the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device, and the centralized control system comprises a PCS controller, an IPM controller, a centralized communication controller, a PCS display screen, a serial gateway and a siemens 1500-series high-performance PLC. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) The PCS controller is used for controlling PCS, exchanging data with the PCS display screen through an RS485 interface, and exchanging data with the centralized communication controller through an optical fiber;
(2) The IPM controller is used for controlling the IPM, exchanging data with the serial port gateway through an RS485 interface, and exchanging data with the centralized communication controller through an optical fiber;
(3) The centralized communication controller performs data exchange with the PCS controller and the IPM controller through optical fibers to control the PCS controller and the IPM controller, so that the cooperative work of the PCS and the IPM is realized, and meanwhile, the data exchange is performed with the PLC through RS 485;
(4) The PCS display screen is communicated with the PCS controller through an RS485 interface and is communicated with the PLC through a network port, the display screen can forward control commands and other information issued by the PLC to the PCS controller, and meanwhile, various state information in the PCS controller can also be forwarded to the PLC;
(5) The serial port gateway is communicated with the IPM controller through an RS485 interface and is communicated with the PLC through a network port, and the serial port gateway can forward control commands and other information issued by the PLC to the IPM controller and can also forward various state information in the IPM controller to the PLC;
(6) Siemens 1500 series high performance PLC is system master control, is used for upper and remote control, realizes control and data exchange with a centralized communication controller through RS485, and realizes data exchange with a PCS display screen and a serial port gateway through a network port.
The system is utilized to realize information interaction between the PCS controller and the IPM controllers, and simultaneously, control instructions are issued synchronously and parallelly through the system, so that synchronous response of the IPM controllers is realized, and the instantaneous high-power response of the converter device is ensured.
Based on the design of the centralized control system, the energy storage converter device adopts a network side power closed-loop control strategy, the control precision is high, the power precision of a full power section can be controlled within +/-1%, the reliability is high, high-speed serial port communication is adopted between a PCS controller and an IPM controller as well as between the PCS controller and the centralized communication controller, the communication speed is up to more than 10M, 15 pairs of high-speed serial ports are arranged on the centralized communication controller, receiving data are transmitted in parallel, a 10M optical fiber is adopted in a communication mode, the communication delay is greatly improved, the anti-interference capability is obviously enhanced, and the control system becomes stable and reliable. Furthermore, a UPS power supply design is added in the system, auxiliary power supply is provided by the UPS power supply, and the reliability of the system is further improved.
The PCS and the IPM are configured with a high-performance controller one to one, the controller is configured by adopting a hardware structure combining a DSP chip and an FPGA chip, the DSP chip adopts TMS320F28335, the FPGA chip adopts XC3S500E, the two are combined to intensively control a converter (PCS or IPM), the FPGA is mainly responsible for driving a power unit of the converter, current, voltage, temperature sampling and the like, the DSP is responsible for data processing, control algorithm realization, data exchange with the outside and the like, and the DSP and the FPGA realize rapid and efficient data storage and exchange through a data bus and a control bus.
As shown in fig. 5, the high-power flywheel energy storage converter device uses one PCS band to drive the flywheel energy storage units one by one to charge and discharge, etc., realizes the control, information interaction, etc. of the whole system through RS485, optical fibers and network cables,
two paths of RS485 are arranged between the Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC and the centralized communication controller, one path of RS485 bus is specially used for transmitting control instructions to the centralized communication controller in the PCS cabinet, the control instructions are transmitted to the IPM through optical fibers by the controller, and the control instructions are synchronously transmitted in parallel, so that the way that the buses are not influenced by other instructions is ensured, and the communication delay can be controlled to be minimum (about 10 ms); the other path is used for reading the state information in the centralized communication controller, and the state information in the centralized communication controller is uploaded by the PCS controller and the IPM controller through optical fibers.
The Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC sends a control instruction to the display screen through a network cable (modbusTCP protocol), the display screen forwards the instruction through an RS485 bus to control PCS (the PCS is in an automatic operation state in the system operation process and is not required to be controlled manually unless PCS fault protection is required to be reset and restarted manually), the state information of the PCS is sent to the display screen through the RS485 bus, and the display screen forwards the Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC through the network cable for monitoring;
the state information of the flywheel is sent to an optical fiber conversion 485 module through an optical fiber, the conversion module is used for converting an electric signal into an optical signal for long-distance signal transmission, so that signal interference is effectively reduced, the optical signal is converted into an electric signal by the module and is sent to a serial port gateway through an RS485 bus, and the serial port gateway converts the information and sends the information to a master control through a network cable (modbusTCP protocol); the IPM controller sends state information to the serial port gateway through the RS485 bus, and after the serial port gateway is transferred, the IPM controller sends the state information to Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC monitoring through the network cable.
In the example shown in fig. 6, a specific implementation of such a converter device is as follows:
(1) The PCS is used as a grid-connected device in the flywheel energy storage high-power converter device, stable direct current power supply is provided for the IPM while grid-connected requirements are met, the PCS is in a constant voltage working mode no matter whether the whole set of converter device is in a charging, discharging or maintaining state, the IPM is in a power mode in the charging and discharging process, and power closed loop is realized by providing real-time power of a grid side by the PCS;
(2) A PCS controller, an IPM controller, a centralized communication controller, a PCS display screen and a serial port gateway in the converter form a centralized control system, the functions of charging and discharging and the like of the whole set of flywheel energy storage system are cooperatively controlled, the response speed, the synchronism and various protections of the system are ensured, a control instruction is issued to the centralized communication controller by a master control in a specific implementation process, and then the control instruction is forwarded to the IPM controller in parallel by the centralized communication controller, and the IPM controller drives the flywheel energy storage unit to perform actions of charging and discharging and the like; the centralized communication controller reads the power value of the power grid side calculated by the PCS controller in real time and forwards the IPM, and the IPM realizes closed-loop control of the output power according to the power;
(3) The control instruction of the energy storage converter is issued by a peripheral master control (Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC), a power control system with high response speed and high power precision is formed between one PCS and a plurality of IPMs in the existing power closed loop mode, the centralized control system is introduced, the centralized control system is a very effective and reliable measure, the network side power is distributed to each IPM which runs normally in real time and evenly through a centralized communication controller, the centralized communication controller exchanges data through a 10M high-speed optical fiber port, and the communication delay is within a few milliseconds, so that the requirement of quick response of the system is met.
(4) In order to ensure the reliability of the control power supply of the system, particularly prevent the damage of equipment such as a converter device and the like caused by unexpected situations such as power failure of a power grid and the like, a UPS power supply is arranged in the converter, all the control power supply is provided by the UPS power supply, and when the power grid is powered off, the control system is powered by a battery of the UPS power supply and can be maintained for about 1 hour.
According to the utility model, a plurality of IPMs are connected in parallel, so that the energy storage of the high-power flywheel above MW level is realized; the PCS and the IPM adopt a split structure design, the split structure is used for adapting to convenience in transportation, convenience in installation in a container and the like, one PCS is designed in the converter, 8 IPM units are arranged in total, and the two units form a cabinet body, and 4 IPM units are arranged in total. Furthermore, the utility model realizes the parallel control of a plurality of IPMs by using the centralized communication controller, thereby realizing synchronous charge and discharge. In order to improve the quick response performance and reliability of the energy storage converter device, optical fiber communication is used between the PCS and the IPM and the centralized communication controller.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high-power flywheel energy storage converter device which characterized in that: the intelligent energy storage system comprises flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices, flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices and a centralized control system, wherein two flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices are in a group and are arranged on the same cabinet body, the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices are independently arranged on one cabinet body, the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices correspond to a plurality of flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices, the centralized control system is connected with the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices and the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices, and is provided with a PCS controller connected with the flywheel energy storage grid-connected devices and an IPM controller connected with the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices, and the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion devices are connected with flywheel energy storage units; the PCS controller and the IPM controller are configured by adopting a hardware structure combining a DSP chip and an FPGA chip, the DSP chip adopts TMS320F28335, the FPGA chip adopts XC3S500E, the FPGA is responsible for driving a power unit of the converter, sampling current, voltage and temperature, the DSP is responsible for data processing, realizing a control algorithm and carrying out data exchange with the outside, and the DSP and the FPGA realize rapid and efficient data storage and exchange through a data bus and a control bus; the centralized control system comprises a PCS controller, an IPM controller, a centralized communication controller, a PCS display screen, a serial port gateway and a Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC, wherein the Siemens 1500 series high-performance PLC is a system master control and is used for upper and remote control, control and data exchange are realized with the centralized communication controller through RS485, data exchange is realized with the PCS display screen and the serial port gateway through a network port, and the centralized communication controller performs data exchange with the PCS controller and the IPM controller through optical fibers to control the PCS controller and the IPM controller.
2. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the flywheel energy storage grid-connected device and the flywheel energy storage frequency conversion device are designed by adopting a three-level topological structure, and the flywheel energy storage grid-connected device is designed with an LCL high-performance filter unit.
3. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 2 wherein: the three-level topological structure of the flywheel energy storage grid-connected device comprises an IGBT four-parallel U-phase module, an IGBT four-parallel V-phase module and an IGBT four-parallel W-phase module, and a lightning protection device is arranged between the LCL high-performance filter unit and a power grid.
4. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the PCS controller is used for controlling the PCS, exchanging data with the PCS display screen through an RS485 interface, and exchanging data with the centralized communication controller through an optical fiber.
5. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the IPM controller is used for controlling the IPM, exchanging data with the serial port gateway through an RS485 interface, and exchanging data with the centralized communication controller through an optical fiber.
6. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the PCS display screen is communicated with the PCS controller through the RS485 interface and is communicated with the PLC through the network port, the display screen can forward control commands and other information issued by the PLC to the PCS controller, and meanwhile, various state information in the PCS controller can also be forwarded to the PLC.
7. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 5 wherein: the serial port gateway is communicated with the IPM controller through an RS485 interface and is communicated with the PLC through a network port, and the serial port gateway can forward control commands and other information issued by the PLC to the IPM controller and can also forward various state information in the IPM controller to the PLC.
8. The high power flywheel energy storage converter apparatus of claim 1 wherein: and the UPS is also provided, and auxiliary power supply is provided by the UPS.
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