CN220508380U - Cavitation impact flow field monitoring system based on PIV-PLIF system - Google Patents
Cavitation impact flow field monitoring system based on PIV-PLIF system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a cavitation impact flow field monitoring system based on a PIV-PLIF system, wherein a computer of the system is respectively connected with a synchronizer and a PLC, the synchronizer is connected with a laser system and is connected with a plurality of CCD cameras, the laser system is connected with a laser, the laser is also connected with a cooling system, the output end of the laser is connected with a laser head through a light guide arm, the laser head is fixed on one side of a coordinate frame, the other side of the coordinate frame is fixedly provided with a plurality of CCD cameras, a box body is placed under the laser head, two ends of the box body are communicated with a water tank through PLV pipelines, the opposite PLV pipeline ports in the box body are connected with nozzles, the centers of the two nozzles are aligned and installed, a pipeline pump and a regulating valve are arranged on the PLV pipeline, and a liquid level meter is arranged on the water tank and is connected with a PLC circuit. The utility model solves the problem that the traditional visualization device can only solve the singleness problem of a certain single plane at the moment of impact instead of the whole river basin.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of cavitation impinging stream flow field detection, and particularly relates to a cavitation impinging stream field monitoring system based on a PIV-PLIF system.
Background
As for the research of the flow field speed measuring technology, the research has been started abroad as early as twenty-early as nineteenth century, wherein the PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technology is a flow field speed measuring technology commonly adopted at present, and is a transient, multi-point and non-contact laser hydrodynamic speed measuring method developed at the end of seventies. The plane laser induced fluorescence (Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence, PLIF) technology is a new flow display and measurement method, belongs to a non-invasive laser spectroscopy diagnosis technology, and is a interdisciplinary velocity measurement method developed by a solid mechanics speckle method and integrating laser, digital signal processing, image graphic processing, computer, modern optical application, microelectronics and other technologies. The PIV-PLIF synchronous measurement is realized by combining two measurement technologies, two-dimensional space distribution information can be obtained, and quantitative measurement comprising a concentration field, a temperature field, a pressure field and a speed field can be realized by combining an image processing technology.
In practice, a complete PIV-PLIF synchronous measurement system comprises a light source system, an image acquisition system, a control coordination system and a special PIV-PLIF image data processing and flow field display system. The measurement principle of the system is as follows: firstly, dispersing tracer particles and fluorescent tracer in a flow field, irradiating a flow field area to be researched by using a pulse laser film light source, and processing the film point by using a Young's stripe method or a self/cross correlation method through a PIV film subjected to continuous two or more times of exposure so as to obtain two-dimensional speed distribution of a whole field; the fluorescence of the system is related to energy and concentration/temperature, and quantitative information can be calculated.
Cavitation is a physical phenomenon that occurs in a liquid medium. As the local pressure within the liquid decreases, vapor or gas pockets may form, develop and collapse within the liquid or at the liquid-solid interface. The impinging stream technique is a technique in which two equal amounts of gas are allowed to sufficiently accelerate solid particles to form a gas-solid two-phase flow which coaxially flows at high speed toward each other and impinges each other on the intermediate, impingement surface of two acceleration pipes. This technique creates a highly turbulent, highest particle concentration impingement zone, providing excellent conditions for enhanced heat and mass transfer.
The experimental research of cavitation impinging flow field at the present stage is often limited to theoretical research under ideal condition and fluid simulation software simulation, and can not reflect the flow condition of flow field under the influence of uncontrollable factors. In experiments, the application of more PIV technology for visual observation is not an ideal method of measuring cavitation impinging stream velocity fields, as it can only address a single plane at the moment of impingement, not the entire river basin. Because the existing method has limitations, the technical proposal for simulating the three-dimensional structure of the collision of the jet fluid of the nozzle and realizing the synchronous measurement of the velocity field and the concentration field is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a cavitation impact flow field monitoring system based on a PIV-PLIF system, which aims to solve the problem that the traditional visualization device can only solve the singleness problem of a certain single plane at the impact time, but not the singleness problem of the whole river basin.
The above object of the present utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a cavitation impact flow field monitoring system based on a PIV-PLIF system is characterized in that a computer of the system is respectively connected with a synchronizer and a PLC (programmable logic controller) in a circuit mode, the synchronizer is connected with a laser system in a circuit mode or is connected with a plurality of CCD cameras in a wireless mode, the laser system is connected with a laser device in a circuit mode, the laser device is further connected with a cooling system, the output end of the laser device is connected with a laser head through a light guide arm, the laser head is fixed on one side of a coordinate frame, a plurality of CCD cameras are fixed on the other side of the coordinate frame, a box body is placed under the laser head, two ends of the box body are communicated with a water tank through PLV pipelines, nozzles are connected to opposite PLV pipeline ports in the box body, centers of the two nozzles are aligned and installed, the midpoint of a connecting line is opposite to the laser head, a pipeline pump and a regulating valve are arranged on the PLV pipeline, and the pipeline pump, the regulating valve and the liquid level meter are all connected with the PLC.
Further, the nozzle is of a cylindrical structure, a large cylindrical cavity, a small cylindrical cavity and a conical cavity which are communicated are sequentially arranged in the nozzle, the large cylindrical cavity is an inlet cavity, and the diameter of the large cylindrical cavity is Ds; the small cylindrical cavity is a cavity for realizing resonance, and the diameter is D; the conical cavity is a cavity for realizing diffusion, the conical cavity is funnel-shaped, the conical cavity is formed by a tubular flow section communicated with a conical diffusion section, the diameter of the conical end of the conical cavity diffusion section is d, and the diffusion angle of the conical cavity diffusion section is alpha.
Further, the taper diameter d needs to satisfy the following relation:
L'＝L 0 +L 1 +L 2
wherein, L' -organ pipe vibration cavity length; d-diameter of the cone end of the cone-shaped cavity; k (K) N -modulus coefficients; st-sprayThe corresponding Style Harnumber of the jet flow at the outlet of the nozzle; ma-Mach number; l (L) 0 -length of small cylindrical cavity; l (L) 1 -the flow section length of the conical cavity; l (L) 2 The diffusion length of the conical cavity.
Further, the inner diameter D of the large cylindrical cavity s 23-28 mm; the diameter D of the small cylindrical cavity is 8-15 mm; the diffusion angle alpha of the conical cavity diffusion section is 0-44 degrees.
Further, the end parts of the CCD cameras are provided with cut-off filters.
Further, the liquid level meter is connected with a stainless steel probe through a cable, and the stainless steel probe is arranged in the water tank.
Further, after passing through the pipeline pump, the PLV pipeline is connected from the left side and the right side of the box body respectively in two equal paths.
Further, a water outlet is arranged below the box body, and an exhaust port is arranged above the box body.
The beneficial effects are that:
the device optimizes the nozzle structure and ensures better self-vibration cavitation effect. The measurement of particle velocity field, concentration field, temperature field and pressure field is realized. The device can be used for detecting the flow state of cavitation impinging stream flow field on site, provides reliable and convenient devices for experimental scientific researchers in future, and is convenient for improving the accuracy of the test.
The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high automation degree and convenient operation; the test working conditions of different inflow speeds and inflow densities can be simulated; the testing device makes up for the singleness that the traditional visualization device can only solve a certain single plane at the moment of impact instead of the whole river basin, successfully monitors the impact river basin, and improves the reliability, accuracy and scientificity of the analysis and research of the cavitation impact flow field; the method solves the problems that in the prior art, only a single plane at the moment of impact can be solved, but not the whole drainage basin, the visual research of a flow field and the synchronous measurement mechanism of PIV-PLIF are realized, and the problems of high cost and automatic control are also solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the whole monitoring device of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cavitation impinging stream nozzle structure;
FIG. 3 is a graph of transient pressure field profile;
FIG. 4 is a cavitation cloud;
the drawing is marked: 1. a computer; 2. a synchronizer; 3. a laser system; 4. a cooling system; 5. a laser; 6. a light guide arm; 7. a coordinate frame; 8. a CCD camera; 9. a cut-off filter; 10. a nozzle; 11. a laser head; 12. a case; 13. a water outlet; 14. an exhaust port; 15. a PLC; 16. a pipeline pump; 17. a regulating valve; 18. a water tank; 19. a liquid level gauge; 20. a cable; 21. a stainless steel probe; 22. PLV tubing.
Detailed Description
The details of the present utility model and its specific embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a cavitation impinging stream flow field monitoring device based on a PIV-PLIF synchronous measurement system, which comprises a computer 1, a synchronizer 2, a laser system 3, a cooling system 4, a laser 5, a light guide arm 6, a coordinate frame 7, a CCD camera 8, a cut-off filter 9, a nozzle 10, a laser head 11, a box 12, a water outlet 13, an exhaust port 14, a PLC15, a pipeline pump 16, a regulating valve 17, a water tank 18, a liquid level meter 19, a cable 20, a stainless steel probe 21 and a PLV pipeline 22, wherein the cavitation impinging stream flow field monitoring device aims at the problems in the prior art.
The computer 1 is respectively connected with the synchronizer 2 and the PLC15 in a circuit way, the computer 1 directly controls the synchronizer 2 and the PLC15 to control, the synchronizer 2 is respectively connected with the laser system 3 in a circuit way or is connected with a plurality of CCD cameras 8 in a wireless way, and the CCD cameras 8 are used for shooting flow field diagrams and vorticity diagrams in the experimental process; the circuit of the laser system 3 is connected with the laser 5, the laser 5 is also connected with the cooling system 4, the output end of the laser 5 is connected with the laser head 11 through the light guide arm 6, the laser head 11 is fixed on one side of the coordinate frame 7, a plurality of CCD cameras 8 are fixed on the other side (the position opposite to the laser head 11) of the coordinate frame 7, 2 CCD cameras are arranged in the embodiment, the end parts of the CCD cameras 8 are all provided with cut-off filters 9, a box 12 is placed under the laser head 11, two ends of the box 12 are communicated with the water tank 18 through PLV pipelines 22, the ports of the PLV pipelines 22 opposite to each other in the box 12 are all in threaded connection with the nozzle 10, and the joints of the two ends are sealed by using sealing rings and filled with plastics for sealing; the two nozzles 10 are arranged in a central alignment, and the middle point of the connecting line is opposite to the laser head 11, so that better fluid impact effect and better laser scanning position are ensured. The PLV pipe 22 is provided with a pipe pump 16 and a regulating valve 17, and the pipe pump 16 and the regulating valve 17 jointly control the flow rate of the fluid. The water tank 18 is provided with a liquid level meter 19, and the pipeline pump 16, the regulating valve 17 and the liquid level meter 19 are all connected with the PLC15 through circuits. Specifically, in the measurement area, the water tank 18 provides fluid, the level gauge 19 is connected with a stainless steel probe 21 through a cable 20, and the stainless steel probe 21 is arranged inside the water tank 18 and is used for monitoring the water tank flow; the PLC15 controls a pipeline pump 16 and a regulating valve 17; the PLV pipe 22 is connected from the lower right of the water tank 18 to a position 40mm from the horizontal plane, and is connected to the tank 12 from the left and right sides of the tank 12 in two equal paths after the pipe pump 16, and the connection points are connected by washers to the nozzle 10 in the tank 12.
Further, the frame 7 adopts a linear slide rail to build a PIV-PLIF support, the frame 7 is an n-shaped frame body, a CCD frame and a laser headstock are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the frame body through the linear slide rail, the CCD frame is connected with a CCD camera 8 through the linear slide rail, the laser headstock is connected with a laser head 11 through the linear slide rail, and the CCD frame and the laser headstock are respectively used for adjusting the longitudinal position and the transverse position of the CCD camera 8 and the laser head 11.
Further, the case 12 is made of a sub-proof material. A water outlet 13 is arranged below the box body 12, and an air outlet 14 is arranged above the box body. The drain port 13 is used for discharging the liquid injected from the nozzle 10, and the exhaust port 14 is used for discharging the gas.
As shown in fig. 2, the nozzle 10 is constructed with a typical organ tube. The nozzle 10 is of a cylindrical structure, a large cylindrical cavity 10-1, a small cylindrical cavity 10-2 and a conical cavity 10-3 which are communicated are sequentially arranged in the nozzle, the large cylindrical cavity 10-1 is an inlet cavity, and the diameter is Ds; the small cylindrical cavity 10-2 is a cavity for realizing resonance, and the diameter is D; the conical cavity 10-3 is a cavity for realizing diffusion, the conical cavity 10-3 is funnel-shaped and consists of a tubular flow section and a conical diffusion section, and the diameter of the conical end (the diameter of the outlet section) of the conical cavity diffusion section is d.
According to the sound of waterThe principle is that the frequency of the resonance standing wave is similar to the frequency of the jet critical self-excitation structure, and the frequency value is determined by the critical Stlaughal (Strouhal) number of the nozzle. The exact value of the resonant frequency depends on the entrance cross-section (D s /D) 2 And outlet section (D/D) 2 Is not limited by the degree of shrinkage. Therefore, the basic relation to be satisfied in designing the nozzle size structure is:
wherein, L' -organ pipe vibration cavity length (formula (2)); d-diameter of the cone end of the cone-shaped cavity; k (K) N Modulus coefficient (formula (3)); st—Style Hard number for nozzle outlet jet (equation (4)); ma-Mach number (equation (5)), according to the hydroacoustic principle, corresponds to the most intense resonant excitation frequency when the critical Strouhal number Sr is equal to 0.3 or an integer multiple of 0.3.
L'＝L 0 +L 1 +L 2 (2)
Wherein L is 0 -the length of the small cylindrical cavity 10-2; l (L) 1 The length of the flow section of the conical cavity 10-3; l (L) 2 The diffusion length of the conical cavity 10-3.
Wherein, the modulus of oscillation in the N-resonant cavity; ds—the inside diameter of the large cylindrical cavity; d—diameter of small cylindrical cavity.
Wherein f n -critical self-excitation structural frequency of the jet; u (u) out -nozzle outlet jet velocity; a- (a)The propagation velocity of sound in the fluid, m/s.
From (4) and (5) f can be obtained n The relation of (2) is as follows:
the resonance frequency of the induced self-vibration cavitation jet nozzle can be obtained according to the fluid transient flow theory and the water acoustic principle, and is as follows:
f n ＝f (7)
and the general expression of the natural frequency of the first resonant cavity is:
through a large number of simulation experiments, the outer diameter D of the large cylindrical cavity 10-1 o Consistent with the inner diameter of PLV conduit 22, according to a specific embodiment; inner diameter D of large cylindrical cavity 10-1 s 23-28 mm; the diameter D of the small cylindrical cavity 10-2 is 8-15 mm; length L of small cylindrical cavity 10-2 0 Length L of flow section of conical cavity 10-3 1 Diffusion length L of tapered cavity 10-3 2 The sum of the lengths of the three sections is the length of the resonant cavity L'; and the value range of the diameter d of the nozzle opening is 3-5 mm; so that the length of the resonant cavity L' can be confirmed; l (L) 1 /d＝0.25～1.2；L 2 D=0.25 to 1.2; the diffusion angle alpha of the diffusion section of the conical cavity 10-3 is 0-44 degrees. The optimal group of numerical values is adopted for simulation, and in the group of numerical simulation, the internal diameter Ds of the large cylindrical cavity 10-1 is 26mm; the diameter D of the small cylindrical cavity 10-2 is 13mm; the diameter d of the nozzle opening is 3.4mm; length L of small cylindrical cavity 10-2 0 Length L of flow section of conical cavity 10-3 of 25mm 1 A diffuser length L of 1.19mm for the conical cavity 10-3 2 5.10mm, alpha is taken as 0. The instantaneous pressure field distribution diagram 3 and the cavitation cloud diagram 4 obtained by the fluid simulation software FLUENT simulation can be seen in the pressure field distribution diagram 3 that the highest pressure area appears at the center of the collision area, and the pressure has obvious gradient change along the axial direction, which shows thatThe pressure disturbance wave propagates in the cavity, and the axially outermost side is a pressure lowest area, so that cavitation bubbles are formed; the apparent pressure gradient change at the outlet position shows that a severe pressure oscillation phenomenon occurs; FIG. 4 is a graph of cavitation cloud, with gas phase content at approximately 90% axially outward of the center of the impingement zone; in the outlet section, the gas phase content gradually decreases from the wall surface to 0 in the radial direction, and in the vicinity of the wall surface, the gas phase content occupies about 90%.
In the above structure, the PLV pipeline 22 and the water tank 18, the liquid level meter 19, the pipeline pump 16 and the regulating valve 17 which are communicated together form a PLC control section, the box 12 and the nozzle 10 form a cavitation impact experimental section, the PLC control section and the cavitation impact experimental section are connected with each other to form a sealed loop, and the plurality of CCD cameras 8 realize image acquisition.
The PLC15 controls the opening of the pipeline pump 16 through a computer program so as to regulate the flow, the liquid level meter 19 and the water tank 18 are connected through threads, raw adhesive tapes are wound on the threads, and the liquid level is measured through the stainless steel probe 21. The PIV-PLIF synchronous measurement system adopts high-power integrated ND: the YGA double lasers 5 are used as light sources to irradiate the test area box 12, the CCD camera 8 is used for photographing, and the Davis application software and the Dynamicstudio image system platform are used as a data analysis system by a computer.
In this embodiment, the working flow of the cavitation impinging stream flow field monitoring device based on the PIV-PLIF system is as follows:
(1) Closing the air outlet 14 and the water outlet 13, and detecting the sealing performance of each connecting part of the sealing loop by water supply to ensure no water leakage.
(2) The water tank 18 is filled with water, the liquid level is ensured to be higher than the outlet hole of the water tank 18, trace particles and fluorescent tracer are poured into the water tank 18, and the water tank cover is covered after full stirring.
(3) Checking the circuit connection condition of each loop to ensure the smoothness of the circuit.
(4) Checking the connection of the power supply of the laser 5, turning on the Q-switch and the control switch of the laser 11 to trigger the external, turning on the switch of the laser 5, and preheating the laser 5 to the temperature of the cooling water above 40 ℃.
(5) Adjusting the position of the CCD camera 8, selecting an observation section in a cavitation impinging stream experimental section by using a calibration plate, and covering a CCD camera 8 cover after calibration is finished so as to prevent laser from damaging a CCD camera 8 chip; the position of the laser 5 is adjusted to enable the laser to be projected to the area to be detected, the laser 5 is opened to make protective measures, and the direction of the laser head 11 is adjusted to enable light to enter the section to be observed.
(6) Starting a computer 1 system, entering control software Davis, automatically identifying a laser 5 and a CCD camera 8 by the software, and entering a software starting interface; then entering a PLC15 control platform to run a program; and starting a measuring system in the experiment, and shooting a flow field diagram and a vorticity diagram on an observation section.
(7) The pipeline pump 16 is turned on, water in the water tank 18 is pumped to a cavitation impinging stream experiment section, wherein the change of a liquid level meter is monitored by the PLC15, and when the liquid level of the water tank 18 reaches a certain value, the pipeline pump 16 is controlled to be automatically turned off, so that a group of experiments are completed.
When a group of experiments are completed, fluid in the box body of the test area needs to be discharged in time, the flow of the pipeline pump 16 is adjusted, and then the flow velocity of the cavitation impinging stream experimental section inlet is controlled, so that experimental results under different flow velocity values are obtained. Repeating the above steps. After the experiment is finished, the cavitation impact flow experiment is to observe the whole impact process, and the experiment is required to be carried out in a non-closed box body, so that the auxiliary operation of an air outlet and a water outlet is required, and the whole experiment can be carried out better.
While the foregoing has described in detail the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that these are illustrative only and the scope of the utility model is to be limited only by the claims appended hereto. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, but such changes and modifications should be deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a cavitation striking flow field monitoring system based on PIV-PLIF system which characterized in that: the computer (1) of this system is circuit connection synchronous ware (2) and PLC (15) respectively, synchronous ware (2) circuit connection laser system (3) to circuit or wireless connection a plurality of CCD cameras (8), laser system (3) circuit connection laser instrument (5), cooling system (4) are still connected to laser instrument (5), laser instrument (5) output is connected laser head (11) through light guide arm (6), one side of frame (7) is fixed in laser head (11), the opposite side of frame (7) is fixed with a plurality of CCD cameras (8), place box (12) under laser head (11), the both ends of box (12) are through PLV pipeline (22) intercommunication basin (18), relative PLV pipeline (22) port department in box (12) all connects nozzle (10), two nozzle (10) center alignment installation, the line midpoint is relative with laser head (11), be provided with pipeline pump (16) and governing valve (17) on PLV pipeline (22), be provided with liquid level gauge (19) on basin (18), pipeline pump (16), governing valve (17) and liquid level gauge (19) are all connected with PLC.
2. A PIV-PLIF system-based cavitation impingement flow field monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nozzle (10) is of a cylindrical structure, a large cylindrical cavity (10-1), a small cylindrical cavity (10-2) and a conical cavity (10-3) which are communicated are sequentially arranged in the nozzle, the large cylindrical cavity (10-1) is an inlet cavity, and the diameter is Ds; the small cylindrical cavity (10-2) is a cavity for realizing resonance, and the diameter is D; the conical cavity (10-3) is a cavity for realizing diffusion, the conical cavity (10-3) is funnel-shaped, the conical cavity (10-3) is formed by a tubular flow section communicated with a conical diffusion section, the diameter of the conical end of the diffusion section of the conical cavity (10-3) is d, and the diffusion angle of the diffusion section of the conical cavity (10-3) is alpha.
3. A PIV-PLIF system-based cavitation impingement flow field monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner diameter of the large cylindrical cavity (10-1)D s 23-28 mm; diameter of small cylindrical cavity (10-2)D8-15 mm; the diffusion angle alpha of the diffusion section of the conical cavity (10-3) is 0-44 degrees.
4. A PIV-PLIF system-based cavitation impingement flow field monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the end parts of the CCD cameras (8) are provided with cut-off filters (9).
5. A PIV-PLIF system-based cavitation impingement flow field monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid level meter (19) is connected with a stainless steel probe (21) through a cable (20), and the stainless steel probe (21) is arranged in the water tank (18).
6. A PIV-PLIF system-based cavitation impingement flow field monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the PLV pipe (22) is connected to the left and right sides of the tank (12) by two equal paths after passing through the pipe pump (16).
7. A PIV-PLIF system-based cavitation impingement flow field monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a water outlet (13) is arranged below the box body (12), and an exhaust port (14) is arranged above the box body.
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