CN220505753U - Differential and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

This application discloses a differential and a vehicle. The differential includes a casing, a planetary gear train and a spline gear train. The differential also includes an axle frame installed in the casing. The axle frame includes a connecting seat and at least one connection shaft; the connecting seat is provided with a cavity, and the connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole and an oil outlet hole; the planetary gear train includes at least one planetary gear, and the planetary gear is installed on the connecting shaft and covers the oil outlet hole; the spline gear train includes splines The gear and at least one output shaft are provided with a first lubricating oil channel and an oil outlet channel. In the above scheme, the oil can enter the cavity through the first lubricating oil channel, enter the blind hole through the cavity and then enter the oil outlet hole, which can lubricate and cool the relative rotation between the planetary gear and the differential housing. The first The oil in the lubricating oil channel can also enter the oil outlet channel, which lubricates and cools the relative rotation between the spline gear and the housing, reducing friction and overheating problems during high-speed operation.

Description

Differentials and vehicles

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of differentials, and in particular to differentials and vehicles.

Background technique

The automobile differential is a differential transmission mechanism that is used to ensure the power transmission of each drive wheel under various moving conditions and avoid slippage between the tires and the ground. The differential includes planetary gears, planetary carriers, spline gears and other parts. There is no special oil in the traditional differential, and there is no structure to reduce friction, so it generates a lot of heat at high speed and cannot be discharged, causing the entire system to overheat and be damaged.

Utility model content

This application provides a differential and a vehicle to solve the problems of excessive friction and overheating damage caused by lack of lubrication in the existing differential.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions provided by this application are:

A differential includes a housing and a planetary gear train and a spline gear train located in the housing. The differential also includes an axle frame installed in the housing. The axle frame includes a connecting seat and a spline gear train. At least one connecting shaft is connected to the connecting seat; the connecting seat is provided with a cavity, and the connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole connected to the cavity and an oil outlet connected to the blind hole. ; The planetary gear train includes at least one planet gear, the planet gear is installed on the connecting shaft and covers the oil outlet hole; the spline gear train includes a spline gear meshing with the planet gear and Connect the output shaft corresponding to the spline gear; wherein, at least one of the output shafts is provided with a first lubricating oil channel and an oil outlet channel connected with the first lubricating oil channel, and the first lubricating oil channel is connected with the The cavity is connected, and the gap between the spline gear and the housing is connected with the oil outlet channel.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the connecting shaft is provided with at least one oil guide groove, the oil guide groove extends along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, and the oil outlet hole penetrates the bottom of the oil guide groove.

According to an embodiment of the present application, there are several oil outlets, and the plurality of oil outlets are staggered along the axial direction of the connecting shaft and communicate with the corresponding oil guide grooves.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a planetary gasket is also set on the connecting shaft, and the planetary gasket is located between the planetary gear and the housing; the planetary gasket faces the planetary gear. An oil storage channel is provided on the surface, and the oil storage channel extends and penetrates the end edge of the planetary gasket away from the connecting shaft.

According to an embodiment of the present application, each of the oil storage channels is provided correspondingly to the oil guide groove; an oil block is also protruding from the planetary gasket, and the oil block is disposed in a direction corresponding to the oil storage channel. One end of the connecting shaft blocks the corresponding oil storage channel, so that the oil in the corresponding oil guide groove is blocked by the oil blocking block and flows into the oil storage channel.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a half-shaft sleeve is fixedly provided in the housing; the spline gear includes a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is rotatably arranged in the half-shaft sleeve, and the half-shaft sleeve It is provided between the outer wall of the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the housing; the half shaft sleeve is provided with a second lubricating oil channel facing the inner wall of the fixed shaft, and the second lubricating oil channel extends to the inner wall of the fixed shaft. The oil outlet channel is connected.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the second lubricating oil channel extends in a direction that is at a certain angle with the axis of the axle shaft sleeve or along the axis of the axle shaft sleeve, and runs through the axle shaft. The opposite end face of the sleeve.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the spline gear further includes a gear portion connected to the fixed shaft; the half shaft sleeve includes a cylindrical portion and a folded portion that is turned outward at one end of the cylindrical portion. , the cylindrical part is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the outer wall of the gear part is in contact with the folding part and can rotate relative to the folding part; the folding part is also provided with a third Lubricating oil channel, the third lubricating oil channel extends to communicate with the gap between the gear part and the inner wall of the housing; the second lubricating oil channel is provided on the cylindrical part facing the fixed shaft. On the inner wall, the second lubricating oil channel is connected with the third lubricating oil channel.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the second lubricating oil channel extends in a direction that is at a certain angle with the axis of the half shaft sleeve or along the axis of the half shaft sleeve, and runs through the cylindrical portion The two end surfaces of the third lubricating oil passage extend along the axial direction perpendicular to the cylinder and penetrate the peripheral edge of the folded portion away from the cylindrical portion.

According to an embodiment of the present application, at least one of the output shafts extends into the cavity, and at least the first lubricating oil channel extending into the output shaft of the cavity extends along the axial direction of the output shaft. runs through the output shaft.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the shaft frame is provided with four connecting shafts, the connecting shafts are all connected to the connecting base, and the connecting shafts are arranged in a cross shape along the connecting base; the planetary gear is provided with Four, the planetary gears are respectively arranged on the corresponding connecting shafts; there are two spline gears, and two of the output shafts are also arranged correspondingly, and the two spline gears are arranged along the differential speed. The rotation axes of the device are respectively arranged on both sides of the shaft frame and are meshed with the four planetary gears. The two output shafts are arranged oppositely toward the cavity.

A vehicle includes the differential.

The beneficial effects of this application are:

The differential provided by this application and the vehicle with the differential include a housing, a planetary gear train and a spline gear train; the differential also includes an axle frame installed in the housing, and the axle frame includes a connecting seat and a spline gear train. The connecting shaft and the connecting seat are provided with a cavity; the output shaft is provided with a first lubricating oil channel connected with the cavity, so oil can enter the cavity of the connecting seat through the first lubricating oil channel. The connecting shaft is equipped with a blind hole connected to the cavity and an oil outlet hole connected to the blind hole. Therefore, the oil in the cavity can enter the blind hole and then enter the oil outlet hole, and then enter the planetary gear and differential through the oil outlet hole. Between the casings, it lubricates and cools the relative rotation between the planetary gears and the differential casing. The first lubricating oil channel is also connected to an oil outlet channel. Therefore, the oil can also enter the oil outlet channel through the first lubricating oil channel, thereby entering the gap between the spline gear and the shell, and affecting the spline gear and the shell. The relative rotation between them plays a lubrication and cooling role, reducing friction and overheating problems during high-speed operation.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts, among which:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view along the planetary gear axis of an embodiment of the differential provided by the present application.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pedestal in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a half-section perspective view of the pedestal of FIG. 2 .

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the axle bushing in Figure 1 .

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the planet gasket in FIG. 1 .

Explanation of reference symbols:

first housing 10

second housing 20

Planetary gear 30

Spline gear 40

Fixed shaft 41

Gear part 42

Oil drain hole 50

Axle frame 100

Connecting shaft 101

Connector 102

Oil guide groove 103

Blind hole 104

Oil outlet 105

Cavity 106

Planetary spacer 200

Oil storage channel 201

Oil block 202

Half shaft sleeve 300

Cylindrical part 301

Folding part 302

Second lubrication channel 303

The third lubrication channel 304

Output shaft 400

First lubrication channel 401

Oil outlet channel 402

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

The present application provides a differential. In one embodiment, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the differential includes a housing, a planetary gear train and a spline gear train located in the housing.

The differential also includes an axle frame 100 installed in the housing. The axle frame 100 includes a connecting base 102 and at least one connecting shaft 101. The connecting shaft 101 is connected to the connecting base 102; the connecting base 102 is provided with a cavity 106, and the connecting shaft 101 is provided with a cavity 106. There is a blind hole 104 connected with the cavity 106 and an oil outlet hole 105 connected with the blind hole 104 .

The planetary gear train includes at least one planetary gear 30, which is installed on the connecting shaft 101 and covers the oil outlet hole 105.

The spline gear train includes a spline gear 40 meshed with the planetary gear 30 and an output shaft 400 connected to the corresponding spline gear 40 .

Among them, at least one output shaft 400 is provided with a first lubricating oil channel 401 and an oil outlet channel 402 connected with the first lubricating oil channel 401. The first lubricating oil channel 401 is connected with the cavity 106, and the spline gear 40 and the housing are connected. The gap between them is connected with the oil outlet channel 402.

In this application, since the first lubricating oil channel 401 is connected to the cavity 106, the cavity 106 is connected to the blind hole 104, and the blind hole 104 is connected to the oil outlet hole 105, the oil can enter the cavity 106 through the first lubricating oil channel 401. It enters the blind hole 104 through the cavity 106 and then enters the oil outlet hole 105, thereby entering between the planet gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 through the oil outlet hole 105, and plays a lubrication and cooling role in the relative rotation between the planet gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101. , at the same time, since the first lubricating oil channel 401 is also connected to the oil outlet channel 402, the oil in the first lubricating oil channel 401 can also enter the oil outlet channel 402, thereby entering the gap between the spline gear 40 and the housing. , which plays a lubricating and cooling effect on the relative rotation between the spline gear 40 and the housing, reducing friction and overheating problems during high-speed operation.

Specifically, the above-mentioned housing includes a first housing 10 and a second housing 20 that are butt-mounted. The first housing 10 and the second housing 20 enclose an installation cavity. The planetary gear train and the spline gear train are both installed in the installation cavity. inside the cavity. The first housing 10 and the second housing 20 are detachable to facilitate the installation of the planetary gear train and the spline gear train inside the housing.

In some specific embodiments, there are four planetary gears 30 arranged in the planetary gear train. The four planetary gears 30 are evenly arranged in an annular shape along the radial plane of the differential. The connecting shaft 101 on the axis frame 100 corresponds to the planetary gears. Four planetary gears 30 are also arranged. The planetary gears 30 are coaxially sleeved on the corresponding connecting shaft 101, and the connecting shaft 101 is arranged in a cross shape along the connecting seat 102. And in this embodiment, two spline gears 40 of the spline gear train may be arranged, and two spline gears 40 are also arranged corresponding to the output shaft 400. The two spline gears 40 are respectively arranged along the rotation axis of the differential. They are arranged on both sides of the four planetary gears 30 and are engaged with the four planetary gears 30 .

It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of planetary gears 30 and connecting shafts 101 in the differential can also be other numbers as needed.

Specifically, the shaft frame 100 is stationary relative to the installation cavity in the installation cavity. The installation cavity includes a connecting shaft mounting hole for installing a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft 101 is fixed in the corresponding connecting shaft mounting hole. The connecting shaft mounting hole is preferably provided in On the butt surface of the first housing 10 and the second housing 20, after the first housing 10 and the second housing 20 are butt mounted, the connecting shaft is restricted by the fixed fit between the connecting shaft installation hole and the connecting shaft 101. The relative rotation between 101 and the differential housing means that the shaft frame 100 is relatively stationary in the installation cavity and can rotate with the rotation of the differential housing.

Specifically, at least one oil guide groove 103 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 101 . The oil guide groove 103 extends along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 101 , and the oil outlet hole 105 penetrates the bottom of the oil guide groove 103 . Therefore, the oil flowing out from the oil outlet hole 105 can flow along the oil guide groove 103 to increase the lubrication area of the contact surface between the connecting shaft 101 and the planetary gear 30 . It is preferable to provide multiple oil guide grooves 103 on the connecting shaft 101, and the plurality of oil guide grooves 103 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the connecting shaft 101 to increase the lubrication area and lubrication uniformity. In other embodiments, the oil guide groove 103 can also be provided in a spiral structure along the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 101 to further increase the uniformity of lubrication.

There are multiple oil outlets 105 corresponding to the oil guide grooves 103 and connected with the corresponding oil guide grooves 103. The plurality of oil outlets 105 are staggered along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 101, so that the oil flows along the inside of the blind hole 104. Different axial positions of the connecting shaft 101 enter each oil outlet hole 105 respectively, which further facilitates the uniformity of lubrication between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 .

In order to achieve lubrication during relative rotation between the planetary gear 30 and the housing, a planetary gasket 200 is also set on the connecting shaft 101, and the planetary gasket 200 is located between the planetary gear 30 and the installation cavity. The planetary gasket 200 is fixedly installed. On the inner wall of the housing, the planet gear 30 rotates relative to the planet gasket 200 . Referring to FIG. 5 , the shape of the planetary gasket 200 is a partial spherical shape that matches the inner wall of the differential housing. The concave surface of the planetary gasket 200 fits the planetary gear 30 , and the convex surface fits the inner wall of the housing.

An oil storage channel 201 is formed on the surface of the planet gasket 200 facing the planet gear 30 . The oil storage channel 201 extends and penetrates the end edge of the planet gasket 200 away from the connecting shaft 101 . The oil in the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 can also enter the oil storage channel 201 to lubricate and cool the relative rotation between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary gasket 200 .

In order to increase the lubrication uniformity between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary gasket 200, multiple oil storage channels 201 on the planetary gasket 200 are also provided circumferentially along the planetary gasket 200, and each oil storage channel 201 is connected to an oil guide groove. 103 corresponding settings.

The oil storage channel 201 on the planet gasket 200 extends along the radial direction of the planet gasket 200 to increase the lubrication area between the planet gasket 200 and the planet gear 30 . In other embodiments, the oil storage channel 201 on the planet gasket 200 may also be a spiral groove structure or other curved groove structure to further increase the lubrication effect.

In order to ensure that the oil in the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 can enter the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary gasket 200, the planetary gasket 200 is also provided with an oil blocking block 202, and the oil blocking block 202 is arranged in the corresponding storage space. The oil channel 201 faces one end of the connecting shaft 101 and blocks the corresponding oil storage channel 201 , so that the oil in the corresponding oil guide groove 103 is blocked by the oil blocking block 202 and flows into the oil storage channel 201 .

Specifically, the first lubricating oil channel 401 in one of the output shafts 400 axially penetrates to the end of the output shaft 400 close to the planet gear 30 and communicates with the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 , and the first lubricating oil channel 401 in the other output shaft 400 . A lubricating oil passage 401 does not axially penetrate to the end of the output shaft 400 close to the planet gear 30 and is not connected with the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 . In this way, the amount of oil required for internal lubrication of the differential can be achieved, and the oil in the first lubrication channel 401 of the output shaft 400 that is not connected to the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 can also be used to lubricate the differential. The motor rotor and other components outside the speed reducer.

In some embodiments, the first lubricating oil passages 401 in the two output shafts 400 can also be used to axially penetrate to the end of the output shaft 400 close to the planet gear 30 and communicate with the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 .

And in order to ensure that the oil in the first lubricating oil passage 401 can flow into the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 to the maximum extent, the end of the output shaft 400 that communicates with the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 and is close to the planet gear 30 extends into the connecting seat. 102, and there is preferably no contact between the end of the output shaft 400 extending into the cavity 106 and the cavity 106 to reduce friction. There is a small gap between the ends of the two output shafts 400 and the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102, so as to roughly block the cavity 106 from both sides of the cavity 106, so that the first lubricating oil channel 401 can The oil can smoothly enter the cavity 106 and enter the blind hole 104 .

In this application, in order to achieve lubrication when the spline gear 40 and the differential housing rotate relative to each other, a half shaft sleeve 300 is fixedly installed in the housing, and the spline gear 40 rotates relative to the half shaft sleeve 300 .

Specifically, referring to Figure 1, the spline gear 40 includes a fixed shaft 41 and a gear part 42. The fixed shaft 41 and the gear part 42 are coaxially arranged and may be integrally formed. The outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 41 is a smooth surface, and the gear part 42 The outer circumferential surface is a tapered tooth to mesh with the planetary gear 30 . An output shaft mounting hole for mounting the output shaft 400 is opened at the axis position of the fixed shaft 41 and the gear portion 42. The output shaft 400 is fixed in the output shaft mounting hole, and the output shaft 400 and the output shaft mounting hole are connected by splines.

The end surface of the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 away from the planet gear 30 abuts against the differential case, and cooperates with the meshing between the planet gear 30 and the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 to realize the alignment of the spline gear 40 A stable support inside the differential along the axis of rotation of the differential.

Referring to Figure 4, the axle shaft sleeve 300 includes a cylindrical portion 301 and a folded portion 302 that is folded outward at one end of the cylindrical portion 301. The cylindrical portion 301 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gear 40, and the spline The fixed shaft 41 of the key gear 40 rotates relative to the cylindrical portion 301 , the folding portion 302 is provided between the end surface of the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 away from the planet gear 30 and the inner wall of the housing, and the gear of the spline gear 40 The portion 42 rotates relative to the folding portion 302 .

The cylindrical portion 301 of the half shaft sleeve 300 is provided with a second lubrication channel 303 on the inner wall facing the fixed shaft 41, and the folded portion 302 is provided with a third lubrication channel 304 on the surface facing the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40. The second lubricating oil channel 303 extends to communicate with the oil outlet channel 402 and communicates with the third lubricating oil channel 304. The third lubricating oil channel 304 extends to communicate with the gap between the gear portion 42 and the inner wall of the housing. Therefore, the oil in the oil outlet channel 402 can enter the second lubricating oil channel 303 to lubricate and cool the relative rotation between the cylindrical part 301 and the fixed shaft 41, and then the oil continues to enter through the second lubricating oil channel 303. The third lubricating oil passage 304 plays a lubricating and cooling role in the relative rotation between the folded portion 302 and the gear portion 42 .

The second lubricating oil channel 303 penetrates both end surfaces of the cylindrical part 301, so that the oil outlet channel 402 can enter the second lubricating oil channel 303 through one end of the second lubricating oil channel 303 on the cylindrical part 301, and the second lubricating oil channel 303 can enter the second lubricating oil channel 303. The oil in the oil passage 303 can enter the third lubrication passage 304 through the other end of the second lubrication passage 303 .

The second lubricating oil channel 303 is located on the axial plane of the cylindrical part 301. The second lubricating oil channel 303 extends in a direction that is at a certain angle with the axis of the cylindrical part 301, and is close to the oil outlet along the second lubricating oil channel 303. In a direction extending from one end of the channel 402 to an end of the second lubricating oil channel 303 close to the third lubricating oil channel 304 , the second lubricating oil channel 303 gradually moves away from the axis of the cylindrical portion 301 .

When the differential rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, oil flows more easily from the end of the second lubricating oil channel 303 close to the oil outlet channel 402 to the end of the second lubricating oil channel 303 close to the third lubricating oil channel 304 . Theoretically, the greater the angle between the extending direction of the second lubricating oil channel 303 and the axis of the cylindrical portion 301, the better the oil flow effect in the second lubricating oil channel 303. In actual application, you can adjust the angle as needed. The size of the included angle between the extending direction of the second lubricating oil channel 303 and the axis of the cylindrical portion 301 is set, and the included angle is not specifically limited here.

In some embodiments, the second lubricating oil channel 303 can also extend in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylindrical portion 301 , or adopt a spiral groove structure or other shaped groove structures, which can also realize the second oil passage to a certain extent. The oil in the second lubricating oil channel 303 flows in the second lubricating oil channel 303, but the oil flow effect is not as good as when the second lubricating oil channel 303 and the axis of the cylindrical portion 301 are arranged at a certain angle. .

The third lubricating oil channel 304 extends along the axial direction of the vertical cylindrical portion 301 and penetrates the peripheral edge of the folded portion 302 away from the cylindrical portion 301 , that is, extends along the radial direction of the folded portion 302 . In other embodiments, the extension direction of the third lubricating oil channel 304 may not extend along the radial direction of the folded portion 302, such as using a spiral radial groove structure or other shaped groove structures to increase the lubrication effect. .

In this application, the oil outlet channel 402 extends along the direction crossing the axial direction of the output shaft 400 to penetrate the output shaft 400 . The oil channel 401 is arranged vertically to allow the oil in the first lubricating oil channel 401 to quickly enter the second lubricating oil channel 303 through the shortest path. In other embodiments, there is a gap between the first lubricating oil channel 401 and the oil outlet channel 402 Other included angles can also be used.

In this application, the oil flowing out from the third lubricating oil channel 304 of the half shaft sleeve 300 and the oil storage channel 201 of the planetary gasket 200 will be collected in the differential case. In order to facilitate the dispersion of the oil in the differential case, For drainage, an oil drain hole 50 is provided on the differential housing. The position of the oil drain hole 50 can be arbitrary, as long as it is not blocked and covered by various components inside the differential.

In addition, in this application, in order to reduce the friction of the relative rotating parts in the differential housing, the friction surfaces of the planetary gasket 200 and the axle shaft sleeve 300 are coated with an anti-friction layer, or the entire body is made of anti-friction material.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 together. When the differential is running, the external power drives the housing of the differential to rotate. Since the axes of each planetary gear 30 and the axis of the connecting shaft 101 of the axis frame 100 are all along the differential The radial extension of the housing further drives the axis frame 100 to rotate through the differential housing, so that each planetary gear 30 installed on the axis frame 100 revolves around the rotation axis of the differential housing. While the planetary gears 30 revolve The spline gear 40 is driven to rotate, and the spline gear 40 rotates to drive the output shaft 400 to rotate, thereby transmitting power to the two wheels of the vehicle.

The oil in the differential enters the differential from the first lubricating oil channel 401. When the differential is running, the oil in the first lubricating oil channel 401 enters the third part of the axle shaft sleeve 300 through the oil outlet channel 402. In the second lubricating oil channel 303, the oil in the second lubricating oil channel 303 can also enter the third lubricating oil channel 304.

Moreover, since the first lubricating oil channel 401 of one of the two output shafts 400 axially penetrates the output shaft 400 and the other does not, after the oil enters from the first lubricating oil channel 401 provided to penetrate the output shaft 400, the oil In addition to the part that enters the oil outlet channel 402, another part of the oil continues to flow into the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102. When the differential housing rotates, the oil in the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 can It enters the oil outlet hole 105 through the blind hole 104 in each connecting shaft 101, and enters the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 from the oil outlet hole 105.

The oil in the oil guide groove 103 flows outward in the oil guide groove 103 until it is blocked by the oil blocking block 202 on the planetary gasket 200 , and then enters the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary gasket 200 .

During the operation of the vehicle, when the wheels on both sides rotate at the same speed, the spline gears 40 on both sides rotate at the same speed, that is, there is no speed difference between the spline gears 40 on both sides. The differential case, planetary gear 30 and spline gear 40 is relatively stationary, there is no relative movement between the differential housing, the planetary gear 30 and the spline gear 40 , and the planetary gear 30 only revolves but does not rotate. At this time, the lubrication compound is minimal, and simple lubrication and cooling are performed through the oil in the differential housing.

When the wheels on both sides rotate at different speeds, the spline gears 40 on both sides rotate at different speeds, so the planetary gears 30 both revolve and rotate, resulting in the differential case and the planetary gears 30 and the spline gears 40 and the differential case. Relative rotation occurs, specifically, between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary washer 200 , between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 , between the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gear 40 and the cylindrical portion 301 of the axle shaft sleeve 300 During this time, relative rotation occurs between the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 and the folded portion 302 of the axle sleeve 300, thereby causing rotational friction.

When relative rotation occurs between the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gear 40 and the cylindrical part 301 of the axle sleeve 300, the oil in the second lubricating oil passage 303 of the cylindrical part 301 will be brought into the fixed shaft 41 and the cylindrical part 301. The friction surface between the cylindrical parts 301 thus plays a lubricating and cooling effect on the relative rotation between the fixed shaft 41 and the cylindrical part 301.

When relative rotation occurs between the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 and the folded portion 302 of the axle sleeve 300 , the oil in the third lubricating oil passage 304 of the folded portion 302 will be brought into the gear portion 42 and the folded portion 302 . The friction surface between the folded portions 302 plays a lubricating and cooling effect on the relative rotation between the gear portion 42 and the folded portion 302 .

When relative rotation occurs between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 , the oil in the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 will be brought into the friction surface between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 , thereby causing damage to the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft. The relative rotation between the shafts 101 acts as a lubrication and cooling function.

When relative rotation occurs between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary gasket 200 , the oil in the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary gasket 200 will be brought into the friction surface between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary gasket 200 , thereby causing damage to the planet. The relative rotation between the gear 30 and the planetary gasket 200 plays a lubrication and cooling role.

At this point, all the relatively rotating parts inside the differential have been lubricated and cooled accordingly, and the oil inside the differential is finally discharged out of the differential through the oil drain hole 50 on the differential housing, taking away the differential in time. The heat inside the differential is removed to avoid high-temperature damage to the differential caused by high-speed operation.

This application also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned differential. The specific structure of the differential refers to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since this vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Wherein, the vehicle may be a fuel vehicle or a new energy vehicle.

The terms "first", "second" and "third" in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). , sports conditions, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes Other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

The above are only embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technologies fields are equally included in the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims (12)

1. A differential comprising a housing and planetary and spline gear trains within the housing, characterized in that,

the differential mechanism also comprises a shaft bracket arranged in the shell, wherein the shaft bracket comprises a connecting seat and at least one connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is connected with the connecting seat; the connecting seat is provided with a cavity, and the connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole communicated with the cavity and an oil outlet communicated with the blind hole;

the planetary gear train comprises at least one planetary gear, and the planetary gear is arranged on the connecting shaft and covers the oil outlet;

the spline gear train comprises spline gears meshed with the planetary gears and output shafts connected with the corresponding spline gears;

at least one of the output shafts is provided with a first lubricating channel and an oil outlet channel communicated with the first lubricating channel, the first lubricating channel is communicated with the cavity, and a gap between the spline gear and the shell is communicated with the oil outlet channel.

2. The differential of claim 1, wherein the connecting shaft is provided with at least one oil guiding groove, the oil guiding groove extends along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, and the oil outlet penetrates through the groove bottom of the oil guiding groove.

3. The differential according to claim 2, wherein the number of the oil outlet holes is several, and the plurality of the oil outlet holes are staggered along the axial direction of the connecting shaft and are communicated with the corresponding oil guide grooves.

4. The differential of claim 2, wherein a planetary washer is further sleeved on the connecting shaft and is positioned between the planetary gear and the housing;

the face of the planetary gasket, which faces the planetary gear, is provided with an oil storage channel, and the oil storage channel extends and penetrates through the end edge of the planetary gasket, which is far away from the connecting shaft.

5. The differential of claim 4, wherein each of said oil storage passages is disposed in correspondence with said oil guide groove;

the planetary gasket is also provided with an oil baffle block in a protruding mode, the oil baffle block is arranged at one end, corresponding to the oil storage channel, facing the connecting shaft, and is blocked to the oil storage channel, so that oil corresponding to the oil guide groove is blocked by the oil baffle block and flows into the oil storage channel.

6. The differential of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a half axle sleeve is fixedly arranged in the housing;

the spline gear comprises a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is rotatably arranged in the half shaft sleeve, and the half shaft sleeve is arranged between the outer wall of the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the shell;

the semi-axis axle sleeve is faced towards the inner wall of fixed axle and is equipped with the second and moistens oily passageway, the second moistens oily passageway extend to with go out oily passageway intercommunication.

7. The differential of claim 6, wherein the second oil gallery extends in a direction at an angle to or along the axis of the axle sleeve and through opposite end surfaces of the axle sleeve.

8. The differential of claim 6, wherein the spline gear further comprises a gear portion connected to the stationary shaft;

the axle sleeve comprises a cylinder part and a turnover part which is turned outwards at one end of the cylinder part, the cylinder part is sleeved on the fixed axle, and the outer wall of the gear part is abutted with the turnover part and can rotate relative to the turnover part;

the turnover part is also provided with a third lubricating channel which extends to be communicated with a gap between the gear part and the inner wall of the shell;

the second oil wetting channel is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder part facing the fixed shaft, and the second oil wetting channel is communicated with the third oil wetting channel.

9. The differential of claim 8, wherein the second oil gallery extends in a direction at an angle to the axis of the axle sleeve or along the axis of the axle sleeve and extends through both end surfaces of the cylindrical portion;

the third lubricating channel extends along the axial direction perpendicular to the cylinder and penetrates through the periphery of the turnover part, which is away from the cylinder part.

10. The differential of claim 6, wherein at least one of said output shafts extends into said cavity and at least said first oil gallery extending into said output shaft of said cavity extends through said output shaft in an axial direction of said output shaft.

11. The differential of claim 6, wherein the axle carrier is provided with four connecting shafts, each connecting with the connection seat, and the connecting shafts are arranged in a cross shape along the connection seat;

the planetary gears are arranged in four and are respectively arranged on the corresponding connecting shafts;

the spline gears are arranged in two, the output shafts are correspondingly arranged in two, the two spline gears are respectively arranged on two sides of the shaft bracket along the rotation axis of the differential mechanism and are meshed with the four planetary gears, and the two output shafts face the cavity relatively.

12. A vehicle comprising a differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.