CN220505753U - Differential and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses differential mechanism and vehicle, differential mechanism includes casing and planetary gear train and spline gear train, differential mechanism still includes the pedestal installed in the casing, the pedestal includes connecting seat and at least one connecting axle; the connecting seat is provided with a cavity, and the connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole and an oil outlet; the planetary gear train comprises at least one planetary gear, and the planetary gear is arranged on the connecting shaft and covers the oil outlet; the spline gear train comprises a spline gear; at least one output shaft is provided with a first lubricating channel and an oil outlet channel. Above-mentioned scheme, fluid can get into the cavity through first oily passageway, gets into the blind hole reentrant oil outlet via the cavity, plays lubricated cooling effect to the relative rotation between planetary gear and the differential mechanism casing, and in the fluid in the first oily passageway still can get into the play oily passageway, plays lubricated cooling effect to the relative rotation between spline gear and the casing, reduces friction and the overheated problem of high-speed operation.

Description

Differential and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of differentials, in particular to a differential and a vehicle.

Background

The automobile differential mechanism is a differential transmission mechanism used for ensuring the power transmission of each driving wheel under various motion conditions and avoiding the skidding between the tires and the ground. The differential mechanism comprises parts such as a planetary gear, a planetary carrier, a spline gear and the like. The traditional differential mechanism does not have any special oil liquid entering and any friction-reducing structure, so that a large amount of heat is generated under the condition of high-speed operation and cannot be discharged, and the whole system is overheated and damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a differential mechanism and vehicle to solve the problem that there is not lubrication in the current differential mechanism and lead to friction too big and overheated damage.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows:

a differential comprising a housing, a planetary gear train and a spline gear train positioned in the housing, and a shaft bracket mounted in the housing, wherein the shaft bracket comprises a connecting seat and at least one connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is connected with the connecting seat; the connecting seat is provided with a cavity, and the connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole communicated with the cavity and an oil outlet communicated with the blind hole; the planetary gear train comprises at least one planetary gear, and the planetary gear is arranged on the connecting shaft and covers the oil outlet; the spline gear train comprises spline gears meshed with the planetary gears and output shafts connected with the corresponding spline gears; at least one of the output shafts is provided with a first lubricating channel and an oil outlet channel communicated with the first lubricating channel, the first lubricating channel is communicated with the cavity, and a gap between the spline gear and the shell is communicated with the oil outlet channel.

According to an embodiment of the application, at least one oil guiding groove is formed in the connecting shaft, the oil guiding groove extends along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, and the oil outlet penetrates through the groove bottom of the oil guiding groove.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the oil outlet is a plurality of, and a plurality of the oil outlet is along the axial staggered distribution of connecting axle, and with correspond the oil guide groove intercommunication.

According to an embodiment of the application, a planetary washer is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the planetary washer is located between the planetary gear and the shell; the face of the planetary gasket, which faces the planetary gear, is provided with an oil storage channel, and the oil storage channel extends and penetrates through the end edge of the planetary gasket, which is far away from the connecting shaft.

According to an embodiment of the present application, each oil storage channel is disposed corresponding to the oil guiding groove; the planetary gasket is also provided with an oil baffle block in a protruding mode, the oil baffle block is arranged at one end, corresponding to the oil storage channel, facing the connecting shaft, and is blocked to the oil storage channel, so that oil corresponding to the oil guide groove is blocked by the oil baffle block and flows into the oil storage channel.

According to an embodiment of the application, a half axle sleeve is fixedly arranged in the shell; the spline gear comprises a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is rotatably arranged in the half shaft sleeve, and the half shaft sleeve is arranged between the outer wall of the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the shell; the semi-axis axle sleeve is faced towards the inner wall of fixed axle and is equipped with the second and moistens oily passageway, the second moistens oily passageway extend to with go out oily passageway intercommunication.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the second lubricating channel extends along a direction at a certain angle with the axis of the axle sleeve or along the axis of the axle sleeve, and penetrates through the opposite end face of the axle sleeve.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the spline gear further includes a gear portion connected to the fixed shaft; the axle sleeve comprises a cylinder part and a turnover part which is turned outwards at one end of the cylinder part, the cylinder part is sleeved on the fixed axle, and the outer wall of the gear part is abutted with the turnover part and can rotate relative to the turnover part; the turnover part is also provided with a third lubricating channel which extends to be communicated with a gap between the gear part and the inner wall of the shell; the second oil wetting channel is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder part facing the fixed shaft, and the second oil wetting channel is communicated with the third oil wetting channel.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the second lubricating channel extends along a direction at a certain angle with the axis of the axle sleeve or along the axis of the axle sleeve, and penetrates through two end surfaces of the cylinder part; the third lubricating channel extends along the axial direction perpendicular to the cylinder and penetrates through the periphery of the turnover part, which is away from the cylinder part.

According to an embodiment of the present application, at least one output shaft extends into the cavity, and at least the first lubricating channel extending into the output shaft of the cavity penetrates through the output shaft along the axial direction of the output shaft.

According to an embodiment of the application, the shaft bracket is provided with four connecting shafts, the connecting shafts are connected with the connecting seats, and the connecting shafts are arranged in a cross shape along the connecting seats; the planetary gears are arranged in four and are respectively arranged on the corresponding connecting shafts; the spline gears are arranged in two, the output shafts are correspondingly arranged in two, the two spline gears are respectively arranged on two sides of the shaft bracket along the rotation axis of the differential mechanism and are meshed with the four planetary gears, and the two output shafts face the cavity relatively.

A vehicle includes the differential.

The beneficial effects of this application are:

the differential and the vehicle with the differential provided by the application comprise a shell, a planetary gear train and a spline gear train; the differential mechanism also comprises a shaft bracket arranged in the shell, the shaft bracket comprises a connecting seat and a connecting shaft, and the connecting seat is provided with a cavity; the output shaft is internally provided with a first lubricating channel communicated with the cavity, so that oil can enter the cavity of the connecting seat through the first lubricating channel. The connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole communicated with the cavity and an oil outlet communicated with the blind hole, so that oil in the cavity can enter the blind hole and then enter the oil outlet, and accordingly the oil enters between the planetary gear and the differential shell through the oil outlet, and the lubrication and cooling effects are achieved on relative rotation between the planetary gear and the differential shell. The first lubricating channel is also communicated with the oil outlet channel, so that oil can enter the oil outlet channel through the first lubricating channel, and therefore, the oil can enter a gap between the spline gear and the shell, the relative rotation between the spline gear and the shell is lubricated and cooled, and the problems of friction and overheating during high-speed operation are reduced.

Drawings

For a clearer description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view along the planet gear axis of an embodiment of a differential provided herein.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the axle housing of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a semi-cutaway perspective view of the axle bracket of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the axle housing of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the planetary spacer of fig. 1.

Reference numerals illustrate:

first housing 10

Second housing 20

Planetary gear 30

Spline gear 40

Fixed shaft 41

Gear portion 42

Oil drain hole 50

Axle stand 100

Connecting shaft 101

Connecting seat 102

Oil guide groove 103

Blind hole 104

Oil outlet 105

Cavity 106

Planet gasket 200

Oil storage channel 201

Oil baffle 202

Half shaft sleeve 300

Cylindrical portion 301

Turnover 302

Second oil wetting channel 303

Third oil wetting passage 304

Output shaft 400

First oil wetting channel 401

Oil outlet channel 402

Detailed Description

The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

The present application provides a differential that, in one embodiment, with reference to fig. 1-3, includes a housing and planetary and spline gear trains located within the housing.

The differential further comprises a shaft bracket 100 arranged in the shell, wherein the shaft bracket 100 comprises a connecting seat 102 and at least one connecting shaft 101, and the connecting shaft 101 is connected with the connecting seat 102; the connecting seat 102 is provided with a cavity 106, and the connecting shaft 101 is provided with a blind hole 104 communicated with the cavity 106 and an oil outlet 105 communicated with the blind hole 104.

The planetary gear train includes at least one planetary gear 30, and the planetary gear 30 is mounted on the connection shaft 101 and covers the oil outlet 105.

The spline gear train includes spline gears 40 engaged with the planetary gears 30 and an output shaft 400 connected to the corresponding spline gears 40.

Wherein, at least one output shaft 400 is equipped with first oil channel 401 and with the play oil channel 402 of first oil channel 401 intercommunication, first oil channel 401 and cavity 106 intercommunication, the clearance and the play oil channel 402 intercommunication between spline gear 40 and the casing.

In this application because first oil channel 401 and cavity 106 intercommunication, cavity 106 and blind hole 104 intercommunication, blind hole 104 and oil outlet 105 intercommunication, fluid can get into cavity 106 through first oil channel 401, get into blind hole 104 reentrant oil outlet 105 through cavity 106, thereby get into between planetary gear 30 and the connecting axle 101 through oil outlet 105, play lubricated cooling effect to the relative rotation between planetary gear 30 and the connecting axle 101, simultaneously, because first oil channel 401 still communicates out oil channel 402, fluid in the first oil channel 401 still can get into out in the oil channel 402, thereby get into in the clearance between spline gear 40 and the casing, play lubricated cooling effect to the relative rotation between spline gear 40 and the casing, reduce friction and the overheated problem of high-speed operation.

Specifically, the above-mentioned casing includes the first casing 10 and the second casing 20 of butt joint installation, and first casing 10 and second casing 20 enclose the installation chamber, and planetary gear train and spline gear train are all installed in the installation chamber. The first housing 10 and the second housing 20 are removable to facilitate installation of the planetary gear train and the spline gear train inside the housings.

In some specific embodiments, the planetary gears 30 of the planetary gear train are arranged in four, the four planetary gears 30 are uniformly arranged in a ring shape along the radial plane of the differential, the connecting shaft 101 on the shaft carrier 100 is also arranged in four corresponding planetary gears 30, the planetary gears 30 are coaxially sleeved on the corresponding connecting shafts 101, and the connecting shafts 101 are arranged in a cross shape along the connecting seats 102. Also in this embodiment, the spline gears 40 of the spline gear train may be arranged in two, and the output shaft 400 is also arranged in two corresponding spline gears 40, the two spline gears 40 being arranged on both sides of the four planetary gears 30 along the rotation axis of the differential and each engaged with the four planetary gears 30.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the number of planet gears 30 and connecting shafts 101 in the differential may be other numbers, as desired.

Specifically, the axle bracket 100 is stationary in the mounting cavity relative to the mounting cavity, the mounting cavity includes a connecting axle mounting hole portion for mounting a connecting axle, the connecting axle 101 is fixed in the corresponding connecting axle mounting hole portion, the connecting axle mounting Kong Buyou is selectively disposed on the abutting surface of the first housing 10 and the second housing 20, and after the first housing 10 and the second housing 20 are in abutting mounting, the relative rotation between the connecting axle 101 and the differential housing is limited by the fixed fit between the connecting axle mounting hole portion and the connecting axle 101, i.e., the axle bracket 100 is stationary in the mounting cavity relative to each other and can rotate along with the rotation of the differential housing.

Specifically, at least one oil guiding groove 103 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 101, the oil guiding groove 103 extends in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 101, and the oil outlet 105 penetrates the groove bottom of the oil guiding groove 103. Therefore, the oil flowing out of the oil outlet 105 can flow along the oil guide groove 103, and the lubrication area of the contact surface between the connecting shaft 101 and the planetary gear 30 can be increased. The plurality of oil guiding grooves 103 on the connecting shaft 101 are preferably provided, and the plurality of oil guiding grooves 103 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the connecting shaft 101 to increase the lubrication area and the lubrication uniformity. In other embodiments, the oil guiding groove 103 may be further disposed in a spiral structure along the outer circumferential surface of the connection shaft 101 to further increase lubrication uniformity.

The oil outlet 105 corresponds to the oil guiding groove 103 and is also arranged in a plurality, and is communicated with the corresponding oil guiding groove 103, and the plurality of oil outlet 105 are distributed in a staggered manner along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 101, so that oil enters each oil outlet 105 in different positions along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 101 in the blind hole 104, and lubrication uniformity between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 is further facilitated.

In order to realize lubrication during relative rotation between the planetary gear 30 and the housing, the connecting shaft 101 is further sleeved with a planetary washer 200, the planetary washer 200 is located between the planetary gear 30 and the mounting cavity, the planetary washer 200 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing, and the planetary gear 30 rotates relative to the planetary washer 200. Referring to fig. 5, the shape of the planetary shim 200 is a partial spherical surface that fits the inner wall of the differential case, the concave surface of the planetary shim 200 fits the planetary gear 30, and the convex surface fits the inner wall of the case.

The surface of the planetary washer 200 facing the planetary gear 30 is provided with an oil storage channel 201, and the oil storage channel 201 extends through the end edge of the planetary washer 200 away from the connecting shaft 101. The oil in the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 can also enter the oil storage channel 201 to lubricate and cool the relative rotation between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary gaskets 200.

In order to increase the lubrication uniformity between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary washer 200, a plurality of oil storage channels 201 on the planetary washer 200 are also circumferentially arranged along the planetary washer 200, and each oil storage channel 201 is correspondingly arranged with the oil guiding groove 103.

The oil storage passage 201 on the planetary washer 200 extends in the radial direction of the planetary washer 200 to increase the lubrication area between the planetary washer 200 and the planetary gear 30. In other embodiments, the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary shim 200 may also be a spiral groove structure or other curved groove structures to further increase the lubrication effect.

In order to ensure that the oil in the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 can enter the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary gasket 200, the planetary gasket 200 is further provided with an oil baffle 202 in a protruding mode, and the oil baffle 202 is arranged at one end, facing the connecting shaft 101, of the corresponding oil storage channel 201 and seals the corresponding oil storage channel 201, so that the oil in the corresponding oil guide groove 103 is blocked by the oil baffle 202 and flows into the oil storage channel 201.

Specifically, the first oil gallery 401 in one of the output shafts 400 penetrates axially to the end of the output shaft 400 near the planetary gear 30 to communicate with the cavity 106 of the connection seat 102, and the first oil gallery 401 in the other output shaft 400 does not penetrate axially to the end of the output shaft 400 near the planetary gear 30 to communicate with the cavity 106 of the connection seat 102. In this way, the amount of oil needed for lubrication inside the differential can be achieved, and the oil in the first oil lubrication channel 401 of the output shaft 400 of the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 can also be used for lubrication of components such as a motor rotor outside the differential.

In some embodiments, the first lubrication channels 401 in the two output shafts 400 may also be axially penetrated to the end of the output shafts 400 near the planetary gear 30 to communicate with the cavity 106 of the connection seat 102.

And in order to ensure that the oil in the first oil wetting channel 401 can flow into the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 to the maximum extent, the end, close to the planetary gear 30, of the output shaft 400 of the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 extends into the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102, and the end, extending into the cavity 106, of the output shaft 400 is preferably not contacted with the cavity 106, so that friction is reduced. The end portions of the two output shafts 400 are respectively in a small gap with the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102, so that the cavity 106 is substantially blocked from two sides of the cavity 106, and oil in the first oil wetting channel 401 can smoothly enter the cavity 106 and enter the blind hole 104.

In order to lubricate the spline gear 40 and the differential case when they are rotated relatively, the half shaft sleeve 300 is fixedly provided in the case, and the spline gear 40 rotates relative to the half shaft sleeve 300.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the spline gear 40 includes a fixed shaft 41 and a gear portion 42, the fixed shaft 41 and the gear portion 42 are coaxially disposed, and may be integrally formed, an outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 41 is a smooth surface, and an outer peripheral surface of the gear portion 42 is tapered teeth to engage the planetary gear 30. The fixed shaft 41 and the gear portion 42 are provided with an output shaft mounting hole for mounting the output shaft 400 at the axial position, the output shaft 400 is fixed in the output shaft mounting hole, and the output shaft 400 is spline-connected with the output shaft mounting hole.

The end surface of the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40, which is far from the planetary gear 30, abuts against the differential case, and the spline gear 40 is stably supported inside the differential in the direction of the rotational axis of the differential by being engaged with the engagement between the planetary gear 30 and the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40.

Referring to fig. 4, the half shaft bushing 300 includes a cylindrical portion 301 and a turnover portion 302 turned outward at one end of the cylindrical portion 301, the cylindrical portion 301 is fitted over the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gear 40, and the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gear 40 rotates with respect to the cylindrical portion 301, the turnover portion 302 is provided between an end surface of the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40, which is away from the planetary gear 30, and the housing inner wall, and the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 rotates with respect to the turnover portion 302.

The cylinder portion 301 of the axle sleeve 300 is provided with a second lubricating channel 303 facing the inner wall of the fixed axle 41, the face of the turnover portion 302 facing the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 is provided with a third lubricating channel 304, the second lubricating channel 303 extends to be communicated with the oil outlet channel 402 and is communicated with the third lubricating channel 304, and the third lubricating channel 304 extends to be communicated with a gap between the gear portion 42 and the inner wall of the shell. Therefore, the oil in the oil outlet channel 402 can enter the second lubricating channel 303 to lubricate and cool the relative rotation between the cylinder 301 and the fixed shaft 41, and then the oil continues to enter the third lubricating channel 304 through the second lubricating channel 303 to lubricate and cool the relative rotation between the turnover 302 and the gear 42.

The second oil wetting channel 303 penetrates through two end surfaces of the cylinder portion 301, so that the oil outlet channel 402 can enter the second oil wetting channel 303 through one end of the second oil wetting channel 303 on the cylinder portion 301, and oil in the second oil wetting channel 303 can enter the third oil wetting channel 304 through the other end of the second oil wetting channel 303.

The second oil wetting channel 303 is located on the axial plane of the cylindrical portion 301, the second oil wetting channel 303 extends along a direction at an angle to the axis of the cylindrical portion 301, and the second oil wetting channel 303 gradually gets away from the axis of the cylindrical portion 301 along a direction from one end of the second oil wetting channel 303 near the oil outlet channel 402 to one end of the second oil wetting channel 303 near the third oil wetting channel 304.

When the differential rotates, oil flows from one end of the second oil moisturizing channel 303, which is close to the oil outlet channel 402, to one end of the second oil moisturizing channel 303, which is close to the third oil moisturizing channel 304, more easily under the action of centrifugal force. In theory, the larger the angle between the extending direction of the second oil wetting channel 303 and the axis of the cylindrical portion 301, the better the oil flowing effect in the second oil wetting channel 303, and in practical application, the magnitude of the angle between the extending direction of the second oil wetting channel 303 and the axis of the cylindrical portion 301 may be set according to needs, and the angle is not specifically limited herein.

In some embodiments, the second oil wetting channel 303 may also extend along a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder 301, or a spiral groove structure or other groove structures with other shapes may be adopted, so that the oil in the second oil wetting channel 303 flows in the second oil wetting channel 303 to a certain extent, but the effect of flowing the oil is not as good as when the second oil wetting channel 303 is disposed at an angle with the axis of the cylinder 301.

The third oil gallery 304 extends in the axial direction perpendicular to the cylindrical portion 301 and extends through the periphery of the turnup portion 302 facing away from the cylindrical portion 301, i.e., in the radial direction of the turnup portion 302. In other embodiments, the extending direction of the third oil gallery 304 may not extend along the radial direction of the turnup 302, such as a spiral radial groove structure or other groove structures, to increase the lubrication effect.

In this application, the oil outlet channel 402 extends to penetrate the output shaft 400 along the direction intersecting with the axial direction of the output shaft 400, preferably, the oil outlet channel 402 extends along the radial direction of the output shaft 400, that is, the oil outlet channel 402 is perpendicular to the first oil wetting channel 401, so that oil in the first oil wetting channel 401 can quickly enter the second oil wetting channel 303 through the shortest path, and in other embodiments, other included angles between the first oil wetting channel 401 and the oil outlet channel 402 can also be adopted.

In this application, the oil flowing out from the third oil lubrication channel 304 of the axle sleeve 300 and the oil storage channel 201 of the planetary washer 200 may gather in the differential housing, and for facilitating the discharge of the oil in the differential housing, the oil drain hole 50 is formed in the differential housing, and the position of the oil drain hole 50 may be arbitrary, so long as it is ensured that the oil is not blocked and covered by each component inside the differential.

And in order to reduce friction of the relative rotation member in the differential housing, the friction surfaces of the planetary washers 200 and the axle sleeve 300 are coated with a friction reducing layer, or are made of a friction reducing material as a whole.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5 together, when the differential is in operation, external power drives the differential housing to rotate, and since the axes of the planetary gears 30 and the connecting shaft 101 of the axle carrier 100 extend radially along the differential housing, the axle carrier 100 is driven to rotate by the differential housing, so that each planetary gear 30 mounted on the axle carrier 100 revolves around the rotation axis of the differential housing, the planetary gears 30 revolve while driving the spline gears 40 to rotate, and the spline gears 40 rotate to drive the output shaft 400 to rotate, thereby transmitting power to two wheels of the vehicle.

Oil in the first lubricating channel 401 enters the differential mechanism from the first lubricating channel 401, and when the differential mechanism operates, the oil in the first lubricating channel 401 enters the second lubricating channel 303 of the axle sleeve 300 through the oil outlet channel 402, and the oil in the second lubricating channel 303 can also enter the third lubricating channel 304.

Moreover, since the first lubricating channel 401 of one of the two output shafts 400 axially penetrates the output shaft 400 and the other lubricating channel is not penetrated, after the oil enters from the first lubricating channel 401 which penetrates the output shaft 400, the oil enters the oil outlet channel 402, and the other part of the oil continues to flow into the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102, and when the differential housing rotates, the oil in the cavity 106 of the connecting seat 102 can enter the oil outlet 105 through the blind holes 104 in each connecting shaft 101 and enter the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 from the oil outlet 105.

The oil in the oil guide groove 103 flows out of the oil guide groove 103 to be blocked by the oil baffle 202 on the planetary washer 200 and enters the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary washer 200.

In the running process of the vehicle, when the rotational speeds of the wheels at the two sides are the same, the rotational speeds of the spline gears 40 at the two sides are the same, that is, the spline gears 40 at the two sides have no rotational speed difference, the differential case, the planetary gears 30 and the spline gears 40 are relatively static, no relative movement exists among the differential case, the planetary gears 30 and the spline gears 40, and the planetary gears 30 only revolve and do not rotate. At this time, lubrication composition is minimal, and simple lubrication is performed by oil in the differential case, and cooling is performed.

When the rotational speeds of the wheels on both sides are different, the rotational speeds of the spline gears 40 on both sides are different, and thus the planetary gears 30 revolve and spin, causing relative rotation between the differential case and the planetary gears 30, and between the spline gears 40 and the differential case, specifically, between the planetary gears 30 and the planetary spacers 200, between the planetary gears 30 and the connecting shaft 101, between the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gears 40 and the cylindrical portion 301 of the axle housing 300, and between the gear portion 42 of the spline gears 40 and the turnover portion 302 of the axle housing 300, to have rotational friction.

When the fixed shaft 41 of the spline gear 40 and the cylindrical portion 301 of the axle sleeve 300 rotate relatively, the oil in the second oil lubrication passage 303 of the cylindrical portion 301 is brought into the friction surface between the fixed shaft 41 and the cylindrical portion 301, and lubrication and cooling effects are exerted on the relative rotation between the fixed shaft 41 and the cylindrical portion 301.

When the gear portion 42 of the spline gear 40 rotates relative to the turnover portion 302 of the axle sleeve 300, the oil in the third oil lubrication channel 304 of the turnover portion 302 is brought into the friction surface between the gear portion 42 and the turnover portion 302, so that lubrication and cooling effects are achieved on the relative rotation between the gear portion 42 and the turnover portion 302.

When the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101 rotate relatively, the oil in the oil guide groove 103 on the connecting shaft 101 is brought into the friction surface between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101, so that the lubrication and cooling effects are achieved on the relative rotation between the planetary gear 30 and the connecting shaft 101.

When the planetary gear 30 and the planetary washer 200 rotate relatively, the oil in the oil storage channel 201 on the planetary washer 200 is brought into the friction surface between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary washer 200, so that the relative rotation between the planetary gear 30 and the planetary washer 200 is lubricated and cooled.

All relative rotating parts in the differential mechanism are correspondingly lubricated and cooled, oil in the differential mechanism is finally discharged out of the differential mechanism through the oil drain hole 50 on the differential mechanism shell, heat in the differential mechanism is timely taken away, and high-temperature damage of the differential mechanism caused by high-speed operation is avoided.

The application also provides a vehicle comprising the differential mechanism. The specific structure of the differential refers to the above embodiment, and since the present vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiment, at least the present differential has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle or a new energy vehicle.

The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", and "a third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular gesture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular gesture changes, the directional indication changes accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. A process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The foregoing description is only exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and the drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (12)

1. A differential comprising a housing and planetary and spline gear trains within the housing, characterized in that,

the differential mechanism also comprises a shaft bracket arranged in the shell, wherein the shaft bracket comprises a connecting seat and at least one connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is connected with the connecting seat; the connecting seat is provided with a cavity, and the connecting shaft is provided with a blind hole communicated with the cavity and an oil outlet communicated with the blind hole;

the planetary gear train comprises at least one planetary gear, and the planetary gear is arranged on the connecting shaft and covers the oil outlet;

the spline gear train comprises spline gears meshed with the planetary gears and output shafts connected with the corresponding spline gears;

at least one of the output shafts is provided with a first lubricating channel and an oil outlet channel communicated with the first lubricating channel, the first lubricating channel is communicated with the cavity, and a gap between the spline gear and the shell is communicated with the oil outlet channel.

2. The differential of claim 1, wherein the connecting shaft is provided with at least one oil guiding groove, the oil guiding groove extends along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, and the oil outlet penetrates through the groove bottom of the oil guiding groove.

3. The differential according to claim 2, wherein the number of the oil outlet holes is several, and the plurality of the oil outlet holes are staggered along the axial direction of the connecting shaft and are communicated with the corresponding oil guide grooves.

4. The differential of claim 2, wherein a planetary washer is further sleeved on the connecting shaft and is positioned between the planetary gear and the housing;

the face of the planetary gasket, which faces the planetary gear, is provided with an oil storage channel, and the oil storage channel extends and penetrates through the end edge of the planetary gasket, which is far away from the connecting shaft.

5. The differential of claim 4, wherein each of said oil storage passages is disposed in correspondence with said oil guide groove;

the planetary gasket is also provided with an oil baffle block in a protruding mode, the oil baffle block is arranged at one end, corresponding to the oil storage channel, facing the connecting shaft, and is blocked to the oil storage channel, so that oil corresponding to the oil guide groove is blocked by the oil baffle block and flows into the oil storage channel.

6. The differential of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a half axle sleeve is fixedly arranged in the housing;

the spline gear comprises a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is rotatably arranged in the half shaft sleeve, and the half shaft sleeve is arranged between the outer wall of the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the shell;

the semi-axis axle sleeve is faced towards the inner wall of fixed axle and is equipped with the second and moistens oily passageway, the second moistens oily passageway extend to with go out oily passageway intercommunication.

7. The differential of claim 6, wherein the second oil gallery extends in a direction at an angle to or along the axis of the axle sleeve and through opposite end surfaces of the axle sleeve.

8. The differential of claim 6, wherein the spline gear further comprises a gear portion connected to the stationary shaft;

the axle sleeve comprises a cylinder part and a turnover part which is turned outwards at one end of the cylinder part, the cylinder part is sleeved on the fixed axle, and the outer wall of the gear part is abutted with the turnover part and can rotate relative to the turnover part;

the turnover part is also provided with a third lubricating channel which extends to be communicated with a gap between the gear part and the inner wall of the shell;

the second oil wetting channel is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder part facing the fixed shaft, and the second oil wetting channel is communicated with the third oil wetting channel.

9. The differential of claim 8, wherein the second oil gallery extends in a direction at an angle to the axis of the axle sleeve or along the axis of the axle sleeve and extends through both end surfaces of the cylindrical portion;

the third lubricating channel extends along the axial direction perpendicular to the cylinder and penetrates through the periphery of the turnover part, which is away from the cylinder part.

10. The differential of claim 6, wherein at least one of said output shafts extends into said cavity and at least said first oil gallery extending into said output shaft of said cavity extends through said output shaft in an axial direction of said output shaft.

11. The differential of claim 6, wherein the axle carrier is provided with four connecting shafts, each connecting with the connection seat, and the connecting shafts are arranged in a cross shape along the connection seat;

the planetary gears are arranged in four and are respectively arranged on the corresponding connecting shafts;

the spline gears are arranged in two, the output shafts are correspondingly arranged in two, the two spline gears are respectively arranged on two sides of the shaft bracket along the rotation axis of the differential mechanism and are meshed with the four planetary gears, and the two output shafts face the cavity relatively.

12. A vehicle comprising a differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.