CN220500483U - Battery pack locking mechanism and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, wherein the battery pack locking mechanism is arranged on a battery pack to be locked or unlocked with a vehicle body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack, and comprises a connecting piece, a locking piece and a locking piece, wherein the connecting piece is arranged on the battery pack; and the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the connecting piece to drive the locking pieces to rotate so that the locking parts are close to each other or far away from each other to lock or unlock the vehicle body. The battery pack locking mechanism provided by the application realizes quick locking and unlocking of the battery pack on the electric vehicle, bottom electricity conversion can be realized, space utilization rate and electricity conversion safety coefficient are improved, and the problems of safety, stability and the like caused by the fact that the electric vehicle adopts a hoisting mode to install the battery pack are solved.

Description

Battery pack locking mechanism and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a battery pack locking mechanism and an electric vehicle.

Background

The electric vehicle has the advantages of zero emission, low noise, high operation and maintenance cost performance and the like, and is increasingly favored by users. The energy used by the electric vehicle is the electric energy provided by a battery pack carried by the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle needs to be charged after the electric energy is used up. The battery pack of an electric vehicle is generally configured in a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein the fixed type battery pack is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as a charging object during charging. The battery pack can be quickly taken down to be independently replaced, namely, the battery which is pre-charged can be directly arranged on the vehicle, and the detached battery which is full of electricity can be independently charged to be arranged on the vehicle which is charged in a follow-up mode, so that the vehicle can be replaced with the full-charged battery in a very short time to quickly complete continuous voyage and energy supplement. Particularly, for heavy trucks, due to the structure, loading requirements and the like of the heavy truck, a large battery with large capacity is often arranged on the heavy truck, and the charging time of the large battery is longer, so that the power change mode for the heavy truck is more convenient to supplement energy. In a heavy truck with a battery pack replaced, a locking mechanism is generally required to fix the battery pack, and when the battery pack is replaced, the locking mechanism is required to quickly release the fixing of the battery pack with the power shortage and lock and fix the battery pack with the full charge on the replacement.

The interchangeable formula battery package all generally fixes the top at the automobile body longeron at present, utilize the longeron to realize the supporting role to the battery package, because automobile body longeron is higher on electric vehicle's the position relative ground, battery package weight is heavier moreover, make the focus of battery package higher, stability relative vehicle is relatively poor, thereby influence the security that the vehicle was gone, and take up a driver rear great space, experience is relatively poor to the driving of driver, in addition, because the battery package sets up in the longeron top, only can change the battery package through hoisting structure, and adopt hoisting structure, the whole building of power conversion station is higher, area is big, the maintenance cost is high and the security is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a battery package locking mechanism and electric vehicle, has realized swift locking and unlocking of battery package on electric vehicle, still can realize the bottom and trade the electricity, has improved space utilization and has traded electric factor of safety, has solved safety, stability scheduling problem that electric vehicle adopted hoist and mount mode installation battery package to bring.

The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

the battery pack locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack to be locked or unlocked with the body of the electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack, and comprises a connecting piece, a locking piece and a locking piece, wherein the connecting piece is arranged on the battery pack; two oppositely disposed locking elements, each of the locking elements having a locking portion, the locking elements being rotatably connected to the connecting element so as to be capable of bringing the two locking portions toward or away from each other as the locking elements rotate; the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the connecting piece to drive the locking piece to rotate, so that the locking parts are close to or far away from each other to lock or unlock the vehicle body.

In this technical scheme, locking mechanism sets up on the battery package, makes the battery package install on electric vehicle's automobile body when locking with the automobile body, makes the battery package can pull down from the automobile body when unlocking with the automobile body, and then realizes battery package and electric vehicle's automobile body locking or unblock and realize the quick change of battery package, satisfies full electric battery and installs for electric vehicle continuation of journey moisturizing after the automobile body and the demand of carrying out the operation of charging after the electric vehicle is dismantled from electric vehicle to the battery of depletion. The locking mechanism comprises a connecting piece, two locking pieces and a sleeve, wherein the locking pieces and the sleeve are oppositely arranged, the connecting piece is arranged on the battery pack, an installation carrier for the locking pieces and the sleeve is formed, the locking pieces are rotationally connected to the connecting piece, the sleeve is sleeved on the connecting piece in a sliding mode, locking parts of the two locking pieces are locked with a vehicle body when being close to each other and unlocked with the vehicle body when being far away from each other, further locking or unlocking of the battery pack and the vehicle body is achieved, in addition, closing movement or far away movement of the locking parts can be achieved only by driving the locking pieces to rotate in the sliding process of the connecting piece through the sleeve, operation is simple and easy, requirements on external tools used for driving the sleeve to slide in the power exchanging process are low, complex actions are not required to be executed by the external tools, power exchanging cost and power exchanging difficulty are reduced, power exchanging convenience and power exchanging efficiency are improved, and the locking mechanism can be popularized and used in the power exchanging type electric vehicle. In addition, in the preferred embodiment, the locking part can be locked with the bottom of the vehicle body to hang the battery pack below the vehicle body, so that the unlocking, disassembling and assembling locking of the battery pack are performed below the vehicle body, the bottom power conversion is realized, and the bottom power conversion has the following advantages: the battery pack is positioned below the vehicle body, so that the gravity center of the battery pack can be effectively reduced, the installation stability of the battery pack is improved, and the stability and safety of the vehicle are greatly improved; meanwhile, the structure is compact, the space utilization rate is high, and particularly, the space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body is high; in addition, through the bottom trades the electricity, need not to change the battery package with the help of hoisting structure, reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, improved the security to chassis trades electric system area is little, trades the power station low in popularization cost, and usable trading electric dolly realizes the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

Preferably, the locking part is arranged at a first end of the locking piece facing the vehicle body, the sleeve is provided with a limiting part matched with a second end of the locking piece, and the limiting part acts on the second end of the locking piece by driving the sleeve to move, so that the locking parts are far away from each other.

In this technical scheme, locking portion sets up in the first end of locking element towards the automobile body, be convenient for with automobile body locking and unblock, the second end that the automobile body was kept away from to the locking element is used for being driven and takes place to rotate by telescopic spacing portion effect, makes the sleeve in the position of keeping away from the automobile body can drive locking element and automobile body unblock, avoids telescopic sliding motion to produce with the automobile body and interferes, optimizes locking portion and automobile body locking space, and the locking portion of being convenient for draws close or keep away from each other also provides the convenience for outside instrument is controlled the sleeve and is slided subaerially.

Preferably, the limiting part is a limiting groove matched with the second end, a guiding surface is formed on the outer side of the second end, and in the moving process of the sleeve, the limiting groove faces to the limiting surface of the guiding surface to be contacted with the guiding surface and propped against the guiding surface, so that the second ends of the two locking parts are relatively close to each other to drive the locking parts of the two first ends to be far away from each other.

In the technical scheme, the guide surface is arranged at the second end of the locking piece, the limiting part is configured as the limiting groove, the limiting groove is provided with the limiting surface, the second end of the locking piece enters the limiting groove in the sliding process of the sleeve towards the locking piece and is mutually close under the abutting action of the limiting surface and the guide surface, and the locking parts are mutually far away from each other to realize unlocking with the automobile body. Therefore, the sleeve can unlock the locking piece and the vehicle body through the cooperation of the limiting groove and the second end of the locking piece, the structure is simple and easy to realize, and the locking piece is firmly locked in the state of unlocking the vehicle body by limiting the limiting groove to the locking piece, so that the battery pack can be smoothly detached from the vehicle body.

Preferably, the opening of the limiting groove is larger than the end face of the second end, and the limiting surface is obliquely arranged so that the limiting groove is gradually reduced along the direction away from the opening; the guide surface is gradually inclined outwards along the direction towards the first end, and the inclination angle of the guide surface is not larger than that of the limiting surface, so that after the end surface of the second end enters the limiting groove for a preset distance, the limiting surface abuts against the guide surface, and in the further movement of the sleeve, the two second ends move towards opposite sides to be relatively close.

In the technical scheme, the opening of the limiting groove is larger than the end face of the second end of the locking piece, so that the second end of the locking piece can easily and smoothly enter the limiting groove in the sliding process of the sleeve towards the locking piece. The limiting surface is obliquely arranged, so that the limiting groove is gradually reduced along the direction away from the opening, and the space between the second ends of the two locking pieces is compressed, so that the second ends of the locking pieces are gradually closed. The inclination angle of the guide surface is not larger than that of the limit surface, so that the inclination angle of the guide surface is adapted to the limit surface by the pressing of the limit surface, and the locking piece is rotated.

Preferably, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with two limit sliding grooves corresponding to the locking piece, the limit sliding grooves extend along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the width of each limit sliding groove is matched with the outer side wall of the locking piece and the outer side wall of the locking piece is used for guiding the movement of the sleeve.

In this technical scheme, the setting of spacing spout makes and offers out at telescopic inner wall and dodges locking part pivoted and dodges the space, reserves sufficient space and takes place unblock and locking rotation for the locking part, and locking part reverse action sleeve moreover can be as guiding sleeve along connecting piece gliding guide structure, guarantees that the sleeve stably slides and can not rotate and cause locking part and spacing groove to take place the dislocation for the connecting piece.

Preferably, the connecting member has a fixing portion at one end far away from the battery pack, the fixing portion has two openings extending along an axial direction of the connecting member and the two openings are disposed opposite to each other, the two locking members are hinged to the fixing portion in the corresponding openings, and the first ends of the two locking members are located above a hinge point of the fixing portion and extend toward opposite sides to form the locking portion.

In the technical scheme, the opening arranged on the fixing part provides installation and rotation space for the locking piece, so that the locking piece is prevented from interfering with the sliding of the sleeve, and the locking piece is also conveniently hinged with the connecting piece in the opening. The two openings are arranged in a back-to-back manner, so that the first ends of the two locking elements respectively positioned in the two openings can extend towards opposite sides to form locking parts, and the two locking parts can be hung on a vehicle body after being closed.

Preferably, the battery pack locking mechanism further comprises a first elastic member for keeping the two locking parts in a relatively close state, wherein the first elastic member is a tension spring, and the tension spring is arranged above the hinge point and connected between the two first ends or two tension springs, and is respectively connected between one of the first ends and the connecting piece; or, the first elastic member is a compression spring, and the compression spring is arranged below the hinge point and connected between the two second ends or two compression springs, and each compression spring is connected between one of the second ends and the connecting member.

In the technical scheme, the elastic force or the tensile force applied to the locking piece by the first elastic piece enables the two locking parts to be kept in a relatively close state, so that the locking firmness of the locking piece and the vehicle body is effectively enhanced, and the accidental risk that the locking parts are spontaneously far away from each other and are automatically unlocked from the vehicle body is greatly reduced.

Preferably, the connecting piece includes the connecting rod, connecting rod one end with fixed part is connected, and the other end stretch out in outside the sleeve with the battery package links to each other, just the cover is equipped with the second elastic component on the connecting rod, the second elastic component be the extension spring and connect in the connecting rod with the battery package links to each other one end with between the sleeve.

In this technical scheme, the connecting rod is provided with effectively increased the overall length of connecting piece, has both made things convenient for the reliable fixed of connecting piece and battery package, reserves sufficient space for telescopic slip again. Through the arrangement of the second elastic piece, the sleeve is convenient to automatically reset downwards to release the matching of the sleeve and the locking piece, and the locking piece is automatically reset to a locking state.

The application provides an electric vehicle, including automobile body, battery package and as aforementioned battery package locking mechanism, battery package locking mechanism set up in on the battery package with automobile body locking and unblock.

Due to the adoption of the structure, the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle is locked and unlocked, so that the battery pack is replaced more easily and conveniently, the bottom battery replacement is realized, the space utilization rate and the battery replacement safety coefficient are higher, and the quick-change battery pack of the electric vehicle is beneficial to popularization and use.

Preferably, a lock seat is mounted on the vehicle body, the lock seat is provided with a lock shaft, and through holes for the locking parts to extend in are preset at two sides of the lock shaft, so that the locking parts can extend in from two sides of the lock shaft and draw close to each other, and the battery pack and the vehicle body are locked.

In the technical scheme, the lock shaft is used for being matched with the locking parts to unlock or lock, the preset spaces on two sides of the lock shaft are convenient for the locking parts to move towards the lock shaft so that the lock shaft enters a locking space formed by the matching of the two locking parts, and the lock shaft is locked in the locking space to lock after the two locking parts are closed.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical effects obtained by the application are as follows: in this technical scheme, locking mechanism sets up on the battery package, makes the battery package install on electric vehicle's automobile body when locking with the automobile body, makes the battery package can pull down from the automobile body when unlocking with the automobile body, and then realizes battery package and electric vehicle's automobile body locking or unblock and realize the quick change of battery package, satisfies full electric battery and installs for electric vehicle continuation of journey moisturizing after the automobile body and the demand of carrying out the operation of charging after the electric vehicle is dismantled from electric vehicle to the battery of depletion. The locking mechanism comprises a connecting piece, two locking pieces and a sleeve, wherein the locking pieces and the sleeve are oppositely arranged, the connecting piece is arranged on the battery pack, an installation carrier for the locking pieces and the sleeve is formed, the locking pieces are rotationally connected to the connecting piece, the sleeve is sleeved on the connecting piece in a sliding mode, locking parts of the two locking pieces are locked with a vehicle body when being close to each other and unlocked with the vehicle body when being far away from each other, further locking or unlocking of the battery pack and the vehicle body is achieved, in addition, closing movement or far away movement of the locking parts can be achieved only by driving the locking pieces to rotate in the sliding process of the connecting piece through the sleeve, operation is simple and easy, requirements on external tools used for driving the sleeve to slide in the power exchanging process are low, complex actions are not required to be executed by the external tools, power exchanging cost and power exchanging difficulty are reduced, power exchanging convenience and power exchanging efficiency are improved, and the locking mechanism can be popularized and used in the power exchanging type electric vehicle. In addition, in the preferred embodiment, the locking part can be locked with the bottom of the vehicle body to hang the battery pack below the vehicle body, so that the unlocking, disassembling and assembling locking of the battery pack are performed below the vehicle body, the bottom power conversion is realized, and the bottom power conversion has the following advantages: the battery pack is positioned below the vehicle body, so that the gravity center of the battery pack can be effectively reduced, the installation stability of the battery pack is improved, and the stability and safety of the vehicle are greatly improved; meanwhile, the structure is compact, the space utilization rate is high, and particularly, the space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body is high; in addition, through the bottom trades the electricity, need not to change the battery package with the help of hoisting structure, reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, improved the security to chassis trades electric system area is little, trades the power station low in popularization cost, and usable trading electric dolly realizes the quick change of battery package below the automobile body.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack and a locking mechanism assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locking element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fitting assembly formed by a connector and a locking element according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first elastic member and a locking member of an assembled assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application when equipped with a battery pack;

Fig. 12 is a bottom view of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application with a battery pack removed;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock base according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism and a lock base provided in an embodiment of the present application in a locked state.

List of parts and reference numerals:

1 a connecting piece, 11 a fixing part, 111 an opening, 112 a first rotating hole, 12 a connecting rod;

2 locking elements, 21 locking parts, 22 guide surfaces and 23 second rotating holes;

3, a sleeve, a 31 limit part, a 32 limit surface and a 33 limit chute;

4 compressing a spring;

5 a second elastic member;

6, a vehicle body;

7 battery packs, 71 sub-packs, 72 connecting seats and 73 sliding grooves;

8 lock seats, 81 lock shafts and 82 through holes.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general concepts of the present application, a detailed description is provided below by way of example in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and thus the scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the embodiments of the present application, a battery pack locking mechanism is provided, and for convenience of explanation and understanding, the following descriptions are provided based on the structure of the illustrated product. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the foregoing structure is merely exemplary and illustrative and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments provided herein. In addition, the application also provides an electric vehicle which can be a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck, a light truck and the like, and can be other electric vehicle types.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the battery pack locking mechanism provided by the application is arranged on a battery pack 7 to lock or unlock with a body of an electric vehicle so as to realize quick replacement of the battery pack 7, and comprises a connecting piece 1 arranged on the battery pack 7, two oppositely arranged locking pieces 2 and a sleeve 3, wherein each locking piece 2 is provided with a locking part 21, the locking pieces 2 are rotationally connected with the connecting piece 1 so as to enable the two locking parts 21 to be close to or far away from each other along with the rotation of the locking pieces 2, and the sleeve 3 is slidably sleeved on the connecting piece 1 so as to drive the locking pieces 2 to rotate so as to enable the locking parts 21 to be close to or far away from each other so as to lock or unlock with the body.

In this technical scheme, locking mechanism sets up on battery package 7, makes battery package 7 install on electric vehicle's automobile body when locking with the automobile body, makes battery package 7 can pull down from the automobile body when unlocking with the automobile body, and then realizes battery package 7 and electric vehicle's automobile body locking or unblock and realize battery package 7's quick change, satisfies full battery and installs for electric vehicle continuation of journey moisturizing after the automobile body and the demand of carrying out the operation of charging after the electric vehicle is detached from electric vehicle to the battery of depletion.

The locking mechanism comprises a connecting piece 1, two locking pieces 2 and a sleeve 3 which are oppositely arranged, the connecting piece 1 is arranged on a battery pack 7 to form an installation carrier of the locking pieces 2 and the sleeve 3, the locking pieces 2 are rotationally connected to the connecting piece 1, the sleeve 3 is slidably sleeved on the connecting piece 1, locking parts 21 of the two locking pieces 2 are locked with a vehicle body when being close to each other and unlocked with the vehicle body when being far away from each other, further locking or unlocking of the battery pack 7 and the vehicle body is achieved, further, closing movement or moving away of the locking parts 21 only needs the sleeve 3 to drive the locking pieces 2 to rotate in the sliding process of the connecting piece 1, the operation is simple and easy, the requirement on an external tool used for driving the sleeve 3 to slide in the power exchanging process is low, complex actions are not needed, the power exchanging cost and the power exchanging difficulty are reduced, the power exchanging convenience and the power exchanging efficiency are improved, and the locking structure shown in fig. 3 and 4 can be popularized and used in a power exchanging electric vehicle, for example, the locking parts 21 can be moved towards the locking parts 2 only by pushing the sleeve 3 to move upwards through an external force, and the locking parts 21 can be moved towards the locking parts 2, and the locking parts 21 are moved away from each other downwards, and the locking parts 21 are far away from each other.

In the preferred embodiment, the battery pack 7 is hung below the vehicle body by locking the locking portion 21 with the bottom of the vehicle body, for example, a matching structure for matching with the locking structure on the vehicle body can be arranged below the vehicle body longitudinal beam, so that the unlocking, disassembling and assembling and locking of the battery pack 7 are performed below the vehicle body, the bottom power change is realized, and the bottom power change has the following advantages: the battery pack 7 is arranged below the vehicle body, so that the gravity center of the battery pack 7 can be effectively reduced, the installation stability of the battery pack 7 is improved, and the stability and safety of the vehicle are greatly improved; meanwhile, the structure is compact, the space utilization rate is high, and particularly, the space in the vertical direction of the vehicle body is high; in addition, through the bottom trades the electricity, need not to change battery package 7 with the help of hoisting structure, reduced the trouble risk of trading the electric in-process, improved the security, and chassis trades electric system area is little, trades the power station low in popularization cost, the usable electric dolly that trades realizes the quick change of battery package 7 in automobile body below, only need utilize electric dolly that trades to transport full battery to automobile body below, and make locking part 21 and automobile body locking can realize the installation of full battery in place when rising to suitable position with full battery.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery pack 7 includes a plurality of sub-packs 71 arranged at intervals, at least one locking mechanism is disposed between two adjacent sub-packs 71, fig. 1 schematically shows that the battery pack 7 is composed of three sub-packs 71 arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, three connecting seats 72 are disposed between two adjacent sub-packs 71 at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, the three connecting seats 72 fixedly connect two adjacent sub-packs 71, and one locking mechanism is disposed in each connecting seat 72. The battery pack 7 and the vehicle body are locked through the plurality of locking mechanisms, the locking reliability and stability are higher, and for the bottom power conversion, the phenomenon of stress concentration when the battery pack 7 is hung at the bottom of the vehicle body is also facilitated, and the gravity is uniformly spread on each locking structure. In practice, a sliding slot 73 may be provided on the side of the connection seat 72, so that the driving member of the external tool may extend into the connection seat 72 via the sliding slot 73 to drive the sleeve 3 to slide relative to the connection member 1. Of course, a through hole may be formed at the bottom of the connection seat 73, so that the driving member of the external tool may extend into the connection seat 72 through the through hole to drive the sleeve 3 to slide relative to the connection member 1.

In other embodiments, the battery pack 7 may be a whole battery pack, mounting plates are disposed on two corresponding sides of the battery pack 7 along the length direction of the vehicle body, the mounting plates extend outwards from the battery pack 7 along the width direction of the vehicle body, a locking mechanism is disposed on each mounting plate, and external tools can contact with the sleeve 3 from two ends of the mounting plate along the length direction of the vehicle body to control the sliding of the external tools; alternatively, the bottom of the mounting plate may be provided with a through hole for an external tool to co-operate with the sleeve 3. In this embodiment, the mounting plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the locking mechanisms, so that the mounting plate is small in structure and easy to mount, and the weight of the whole battery pack 7 can be reduced. Of course, in another embodiment, the mounting plates may be set to be equal to the battery pack 7 along the length direction of the vehicle body, two sides of the battery pack 7 are respectively provided with one mounting plate, each mounting plate may be provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms at intervals, and through holes are formed in the bottoms of the mounting plates for external tools to extend into to be matched with the sleeve 3. This kind of structural design is favorable to increasing the joint strength between locking mechanism and the battery package 7 for the installation reliability is higher after the battery package 7 passes through locking mechanism and automobile body locking. In addition, the battery pack 7 in the present embodiment is provided as a whole pack battery, the strength of the battery pack is made higher with respect to the structure of the plurality of sub-packs, and the space utilization in the battery pack is made higher.

As to how the sleeve 3 drives the locking element 2 to rotate while sliding along the connecting element 1, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 7, the locking portion 21 is provided at a first end of the locking element 2 toward the vehicle body, the sleeve 3 is provided with a stopper 31 that cooperates with a second end of the locking element 2, and the stopper 31 is caused to act on the second end of the locking element 2 by driving the sleeve 3 to move so that the locking portions 21 are away from each other. The locking part 21 is arranged at the first end of the locking element 2 facing the vehicle body, the first end is the upper end of the locking element 2 in the state shown in fig. 4, for the bottom electricity exchange, the setting position of the locking part 21 is convenient for locking and unlocking with the vehicle body, the second end of the locking element 2 far away from the vehicle body is used for being driven by the limiting part 31 of the sleeve 3 to rotate, the second end is the lower end of the locking element 2 in the state shown in fig. 4, the sleeve 3 can drive the locking element 2 to unlock with the vehicle body in the position far away from the vehicle body, the sliding action of the sleeve 3 is prevented from interfering with the vehicle body, the locking space of the locking part 21 and the vehicle body is optimized, the locking parts are conveniently close to or far away from each other, and convenience is provided for an external tool to control the sleeve 3 to slide on the ground.

Regarding the specific structure of the limiting portion 31, in the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the limiting portion 31 is a limiting groove matched with the second end, the guiding surface 22 is formed on the outer side of the second end, and during the moving process of the sleeve 3, the limiting groove faces the limiting surface 32 of the guiding surface 22 to contact with the guiding surface 22 and press against the guiding surface 22, so that the second ends of the two locking elements 2 are relatively close to drive the locking portions 21 of the two first ends to be away from each other.

Specifically, since the connecting member 1 is rotatably connected with two locking members 2, the limiting groove should be set corresponding to the two locking members 2 and adapted to the second ends of the two locking members 2, for example, the two locking members 2 in fig. 4 and 5 are symmetrically arranged, and the two limiting surfaces 32 of the limiting groove may also be symmetrically arranged, so that the second ends of the two locking members 2 enter the limiting groove and then synchronously rotate in opposite directions to separate the two locking portions 21 from each other. As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in the present technical solution, by providing the guide surface 22 at the second end of the locking element 2, the limiting portion 31 is configured as a limiting groove, the limiting groove has a limiting surface 32, during the sliding process of the sleeve 3 towards the locking element 2, the second end of the locking element 2 enters into the limiting groove, and approaches each other under the pressing action of the limiting surface 32 and the guide surface 22, and the locking portions 21 are far away from each other to unlock the vehicle body. Therefore, the sleeve 3 can unlock the locking piece 2 and the vehicle body through the cooperation of the limiting groove and the second end of the locking piece 2, the structure is simple and easy to realize, and the locking piece 2 is firmly locked in the state unlocked with the vehicle body by limiting the limiting groove to the locking piece 2, so that the battery pack 7 can be smoothly detached from the vehicle body.

Further, the opening of the limiting groove is larger than the end face of the second end, and the limiting surface 32 is obliquely arranged so that the limiting groove is gradually reduced along the direction away from the opening; the guide surface 22 is arranged to be gradually inclined outwards in a direction towards the first end, and the inclination of the guide surface 22 is not greater than the inclination of the limit surface 32, so that after the end surface of the second end enters the limit groove for a preset distance, the limit surface 32 presses the guide surface 22 and moves the two second ends towards the opposite side to be relatively close together in the further movement of the sleeve 3.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the opening of the limiting groove is larger than the end face of the second end of the locking element 2, so that the second end of the locking element 2 can easily and smoothly enter the limiting groove during the sliding process of the sleeve 3 towards the locking element 2. The inclined arrangement of the limiting surface 32 further reduces the limiting groove gradually along the direction away from the opening, i.e. the opening of the limiting groove in the state shown in fig. 4 gradually reduces from top to bottom, and compresses the space between the second ends of the two locking elements 2, so that the second ends of the locking elements 2 gradually approach each other in the process of inserting into the limiting groove. The inclination of the guide surface 22 is not greater than the inclination of the stop surface 32, in other words, the inclination of the guide surface 22 is greater than the inclination of the stop surface 32, so that the pressing of the stop surface 32 adapts the inclination of the guide surface 22 to the stop surface 32, thereby rotating the locking element 2 and bringing the second ends closer together.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 7, the inner wall of the sleeve 3 is provided with two limit runners 33 corresponding to the locking element 2, the limit runners 33 extend in the axial direction of the sleeve 3, the width of the limit runners 33 is adapted to the outer side wall of the locking element 2 and the outer side wall of the locking element 2 guides the movement of the sleeve 3.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the setting of the limit chute 33 makes the inner wall of the sleeve 3 set up a space for avoiding the rotation of the locking member 2, so that enough space is reserved for the locking member 2 to unlock and lock, and the locking member 2 acts on the sleeve 3 in a reverse direction, so that the sleeve 3 can be ensured to stably slide and not rotate relative to the connecting member 1 to cause dislocation of the locking member 2 and the limit groove by using the limit fit of the limit chute 33 as a guide structure for guiding the sleeve 3 to slide along the axial direction of the connecting member 1, and the sleeve 3 can be ensured to rotate the locking member 2 to unlock stably and reliably through the limit groove.

Regarding the fitting of the locking element 2 with the connecting element 1, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the connecting element 1 has a fixing portion 11 at an end remote from the battery pack 7, the fixing portion 11 has two openings 111 extending in the axial direction of the connecting element 1, the two openings being disposed opposite each other, the two locking elements 2 being hinged with the fixing portion 11 in the corresponding openings 111, respectively, and the first ends of the two locking elements 2 being located above the hinge point with the fixing portion 11 and extending toward the opposite side to form a locking portion 21.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, 8 and 9, a first pivot hole 112 and a second pivot hole 23 corresponding to each other may be provided on the fixing portion 11 and the locking member 2, respectively, and the hinge connection between the locking member 2 and the fixing portion 11 may be achieved by passing the pivot shaft through the first pivot hole 112 and the second pivot hole 23. The opening 111 provided by the fixing part 11 provides installation and rotation space for the locking piece 2, and facilitates the hinging of the locking piece 2 with the connecting piece 1 in the opening 111, so that the first end and the second end are respectively positioned above and below a hinging point, and the second end positioned below is pressed by the sleeve 3, so that the two first ends (the locking part 21) positioned above can be relatively far away to unlock; while the second end is not pressed, the first end maintains its original position, i.e. the two locking portions 21 are in a state of being close to each other. Further, after the locking element 2 is hinged in the opening 111, it is limited by the fixing portion 11 and can only rotate relative to the fixing portion 11 without being deviated. The first ends of the two locking elements 2 extend toward the opposite sides to form locking portions 21 so that the two locking portions 21 can be hung on the vehicle body after being brought close to each other.

Further, the battery pack locking mechanism further comprises a first elastic member for keeping the two locking parts 21 relatively close together, wherein the first elastic member can keep the two locking parts 21 at original positions by means of outward elastic force and can keep the two locking parts 21 at original positions by means of inward tensile force to keep the two locking parts 21 relatively close together, the situation is not limited herein, the elastic force or the tensile force exerted on the locking part 2 by the first elastic member keeps the two locking parts 21 relatively close together, the firmness of locking the locking part 2 with a vehicle body is effectively enhanced, and the unexpected risk that the locking parts 21 are spontaneously separated from each other to be automatically unlocked with the vehicle body is greatly reduced. The following examples can be used in particular:

Embodiment one: as shown in fig. 4 and 10, the first elastic member is a compression spring 4, and the compression spring 4 is disposed below the hinge point and connected between the two second ends. In this embodiment, the two locking parts 21 are kept relatively close by the outward elastic force of the compression spring 4, wherein, in fig. 10, two locking parts 2 are connected by one compression spring 4, two ends of the compression spring 4 respectively act on the two locking parts 2 to spring the second ends of the locking parts 2 outwards, and the locking parts 21 at the first ends are close to each other. Of course, in other embodiments, it is also possible to connect the two second ends to the connecting member 1 through one compression spring 4, and since the connecting member 1 is fixed, the second ends are pressed outward by the elastic force of the compression spring 4, and the two second ends are further apart, so that the locking portions 21 of the first ends are driven to be close to each other.

Embodiment two: the first elastic piece is a tension spring which is arranged above the hinge point and connected between the two first ends, so that the two first ends are kept close under the tension of the tension spring. Alternatively, the two second ends may be connected to the connecting piece 1 by a tension spring, and since the connecting piece 1 is fixed, the first ends are drawn inward by the tension force of the tension spring, and the locking portions 21 of the two first ends are drawn close to each other, that is, in this embodiment, the two locking portions 21 are directly pulled by the inward tension force of the tension spring to maintain the relatively close state.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 9, the connecting member 1 includes a connecting rod 12, one end of the connecting rod 12 is connected with the fixing portion 11, the other end extends out of the sleeve 3 to be connected with the battery pack 7, and a second elastic member 5 is sleeved on the connecting rod 12, and the second elastic member 5 is a tension spring and is connected between one end of the connecting rod 12 connected with the battery pack 7 and the sleeve 3. The arrangement of the connecting rod 12 effectively increases the overall length of the connecting piece 1, thereby facilitating the reliable fixation of the connecting piece 1 and the battery pack 7 and reserving sufficient space for the sliding of the sleeve 3. Specifically, the connection rod 12 may be fixedly connected with the connection seat 72 inside the connection seat 72. Through the arrangement of the second elastic element 5, the sleeve 3 can be conveniently reset downwards automatically to release the cooperation of the sleeve 3 and the locking element 2, so that the locking element 2 can be reset to a locking state automatically, for example, after the sleeve 3 is driven upwards by an external tool to drive the sleeve 3 to drive the locking element 2 to rotate to unlock, the driving force applied on the sleeve 3 by the external tool is removed, and the second elastic element 5 can pull the sleeve 3 to move downwards automatically to be separated from the locking element 2 so as to realize resetting.

The following exemplarily describes a power exchanging process of an electric vehicle to which the present technical solution is applied, taking a bottom power exchanging as an example, including a disassembly process of a low-power battery and an installation process of a full-power battery. Specifically, the disassembly process of the power-deficient battery is as follows: after the electric vehicle to be subjected to power conversion is driven into the power conversion station, the battery pack 7 is supported by the power conversion trolley in the power conversion station, external force is applied to the sleeve 3 through the power conversion trolley locking and unlocking mechanism, namely the external tool, so that the sleeve 3 slides upwards relative to the connecting piece 1, when the second end of the locking piece 2 slides into the limiting groove, the second ends of the two locking pieces 2 are close to each other under the guidance of the limiting surface 32 in the limiting groove, the locking parts 21 at the first ends of the two locking pieces 2 are far away from each other and are unlocked with the vehicle body, the power conversion trolley keeps on keeping the state of supporting the sleeve 3 at the moment, then the power conversion trolley moves downwards with the power conversion battery, the power consumption battery can be detached from the vehicle body, after the power consumption battery is detached from the vehicle body, the force applied to the sleeve 3 by the power conversion unlocking mechanism can be removed, and the sleeve 3 is automatically reset downwards under the action of the second elastic piece 5; the installation process of the full-power battery is as follows: the battery charging trolley lifts the battery charging, the locking mechanism moves upwards along with the battery charging, the locking portion reaches the position right below the matching structure of the corresponding locking portion 21 of the vehicle body, external force is applied to the sleeve 3 through the locking and unlocking mechanism, the sleeve 3 slides upwards relative to the connecting piece 1, when the second end of the locking piece 2 slides into the limiting groove, the second ends of the two locking pieces 2 are close to each other under the guidance of the limiting surface 32 in the limiting groove, the locking portions 21 at the first ends of the two locking pieces 2 are further away from each other, the battery charging trolley further lifts the battery charging to enable the locking mechanism to continue to move upwards along with the battery charging under the condition that the two locking portions 21 are kept away from each other, the matching structure on the vehicle body enters between the two locking portions 21, at the moment, the locking and unlocking mechanism is removed from the sleeve 3, the locking piece 2 is separated from the sleeve 3 under the action of the second elastic piece 5, and the two locking portions 21 are automatically reset downwards, the two locking portions 21 are close to each other under the action of the first elastic piece, and the battery charging is locked.

An electric vehicle provided by the application, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, includes a vehicle body 6, a battery pack 7, and a battery pack locking mechanism as described above, which is provided on the battery pack 7 to lock and unlock with the vehicle body 6. Due to the adoption of the structure, the quick-change battery pack 7 of the electric vehicle is locked and unlocked, so that the battery pack 7 is replaced more easily and conveniently, the bottom battery replacement is realized, the space utilization rate and the battery replacement safety coefficient are higher, and the quick-change battery pack is favorable for popularization and use of the quick-change battery of the electric vehicle.

It should be noted that, since the electric vehicle provided in the present application includes the battery pack locking mechanism in any one of the embodiments and examples, the battery pack locking mechanism has the beneficial effects that the electric vehicle provided in the present application includes, and no description is given here.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, a lock base 8 may be mounted on the vehicle body 6, the lock base 8 is provided with a lock shaft 81, and through holes 82 into which the locking parts 21 extend are preset at both sides of the lock shaft 81 so that the locking parts 21 can extend from both sides of the lock shaft 81 and draw close to each other to lock the battery pack 7 and the vehicle body 6. In order to realize bottom power exchange, an embodiment in which a plurality of lock bases 8 are disposed at the bottom of a vehicle body 6 is schematically shown in the drawings, the lock bases 8 are used for locking or unlocking with a locking mechanism on a battery pack 7, wherein a lock shaft 81 is used for being matched with the locking portions, through holes 82 preset at two sides of the lock shaft 81 are convenient for the locking portions to move towards the lock shaft 81 so that the lock shaft 81 enters a locking space formed by matching the two locking portions, and the two locking portions are locked in the locking space after being closed to each other to realize locking. The lock base 8 is only exemplified here, but not limited to the specific structure of the lock base, and in other embodiments, the lock base may be similar to a hanging ring, and two sides have a space into which the locking portion extends.

The non-mentioned places in the application can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack locking mechanism provided on a battery pack to lock or unlock with a body of an electric vehicle to realize quick replacement of the battery pack, the locking mechanism comprising:

the connecting piece is arranged on the battery pack;

two oppositely disposed locking elements, each of the locking elements having a locking portion, the locking elements being rotatably connected to the connecting element so as to be capable of bringing the two locking portions toward or away from each other as the locking elements rotate;

the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the connecting piece to drive the locking piece to rotate, so that the locking parts are close to or far away from each other to lock or unlock the vehicle body.

2. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking portion is provided at a first end of the locking member facing the vehicle body, the sleeve is provided with a stopper portion that cooperates with a second end of the locking member, and the stopper portion is caused to act on the second end of the locking member by driving the sleeve to move so as to move the locking portions away from each other.

3. The battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the limiting portion is a limiting groove matched with the second end, a guiding surface is formed on the outer side of the second end, and in the moving process of the sleeve, the limiting groove faces to the limiting surface of the guiding surface to contact with and press against the guiding surface, so that the second ends of the two locking pieces are relatively close to each other, and the locking portions of the two first ends are driven to be away from each other.

4. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 3, wherein the opening of the limit slot is larger than the end face of the second end, and the limit surface is inclined so that the limit slot is gradually reduced in a direction away from the opening; the guide surface is gradually inclined outwards along the direction towards the first end, and the inclination angle of the guide surface is not larger than that of the limiting surface, so that after the end surface of the second end enters the limiting groove for a preset distance, the limiting surface abuts against the guide surface, and in the further movement of the sleeve, the two second ends move towards opposite sides to be relatively close.

5. The battery pack locking mechanism of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with two limit runners corresponding to the locking element, the limit runners extending in the axial direction of the sleeve, the width of the limit runners being adapted to the outer side wall of the locking element and the outer side wall of the locking element guiding the movement of the sleeve.

6. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the connecting member has a fixing portion at an end remote from the battery pack, the fixing portion has two openings extending in an axial direction of the connecting member and the two openings are disposed opposite to each other, the two locking members are hinged to the fixing portion in the corresponding openings, respectively, and first ends of the two locking members are located above a hinge point with the fixing portion and extend toward opposite sides to form the locking portions.

7. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 6, further comprising a first elastic member for maintaining the two locking portions in a relatively closed state, the first elastic member being a tension spring disposed above the hinge point and connected between the two first ends or between two tension springs, each connected between one of the first ends and the connecting member; or, the first elastic member is a compression spring, and the compression spring is arranged below the hinge point and connected between the two second ends or two compression springs, and each compression spring is connected between one of the second ends and the connecting member.

8. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein the connecting member comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing portion, the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the sleeve to be connected with the battery pack, a second elastic member is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the second elastic member is a tension spring and is connected between one end of the connecting rod connected with the battery pack and the sleeve.

9. An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a battery pack, and the battery pack locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the battery pack locking mechanism being provided on the battery pack to lock and unlock with the vehicle body.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein a lock base is mounted on the vehicle body, the lock base is provided with a lock shaft, and through holes into which the locking portions extend are preset at both sides of the lock shaft so that the locking portions can extend from both sides of the lock shaft and draw close to each other to lock the battery pack and the vehicle body.