CN220492663U

CN220492663U - Battery unit, battery module, battery cluster and battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN220492663U
Application number: CN202321815393.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张顺琳; 池继富
Original assignee: Shanghai Xinwen Microelectronics Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Xinwen Microelectronics Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-12
Filing date: 2023-07-12
Publication date: 2024-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-12

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery unit, a battery module, a battery cluster and a battery pack. Wherein, the battery cell includes: the working branch comprises a battery cell and a working switch K1; a bypass branch comprising a bypass switch K2; the working branch is connected with the bypass branch in parallel; in the working state, the working switch K1 is closed, and the bypass switch K2 is opened, so that the battery cell is charged and discharged normally; in the bypass state, the operating switch K1 is open and the bypass switch K2 is closed to allow current to flow from the bypass branch. The utility model eliminates the defect caused by the wooden barrel effect, and any battery cell can ensure 100 percent charge and discharge, thereby avoiding resource waste.

Description

Battery unit, battery module, battery cluster and battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery unit, a battery module, a battery cluster and a battery pack.

Background

A battery Pack (Pack) is typically composed of a plurality of battery strings (Batteries), which are typically composed of cells.

The cells are the basic units that make up the battery string and the battery pack, and are typically capable of providing voltages between 3-4V. The battery string is assembled from a plurality of cells to form a single physical module that supplies higher voltages and capacities (e.g., a battery string uses four cells in series to supply a nominal 12V voltage, or multiple cells in parallel to supply a larger capacity).

In the prior art, a plurality of battery cells are assembled into a battery string through series connection or parallel connection and then are assembled into a battery pack (pack) through combination of a DC-DC module, and if one of the battery cells fails, the whole battery pack can not be charged or discharged.

In addition, the electric capacity of each electric core in the battery pack is not identical, when the electric core with low electric capacity is charged, other electric cores with high electric capacity in a series circuit cannot be charged continuously, namely, a wooden barrel effect is generated, and the electric core with high electric capacity cannot be utilized effectively, so that waste is caused directly.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on various problems in the prior art, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a battery cell, comprising:

the working branch comprises a battery cell and a working switch K1;

a bypass branch comprising a bypass switch K2;

the working branch is connected with the bypass branch in parallel;

in the working state, the working switch K1 is closed, and the bypass switch K2 is opened, so that the battery cell is charged and discharged normally;

in the bypass state, the operating switch K1 is open and the bypass switch K2 is closed to allow current to flow from the bypass branch.

In one embodiment, the battery cell is one or is formed by connecting a plurality of single battery cells in parallel.

In one embodiment, the working switch K1 has one or two.

In one embodiment, the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 are of a type of a contact-point relay or a contact-point-free switch.

A battery module, comprising: and a plurality of battery units connected in sequence.

In one embodiment, the battery module further comprises: a slave control module;

the output end of the slave control module is electrically connected with the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 and is used for automatically controlling the opening or closing of the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2.

In one embodiment, the input end of the slave control module is connected to a temperature sensor corresponding to each cell in the battery module, and the temperature sensor is used for correspondingly monitoring the temperature of each cell.

In one embodiment, the slave control module has the function of measuring the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery cell, and can calculate SOC, SOP, SOH, SOE, DOD and the internal resistance of the battery cell and control the opening or closing of the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 based on the calculation result.

In one embodiment, the slave module is connected to each cell in the battery module to monitor the voltage of each cell.

In one embodiment, the battery module further comprises a current sensor for collecting charge and discharge current of the battery module and transmitting a signal to the slave module.

A battery cluster comprising:

a plurality of battery modules connected in series;

the bidirectional DC-DC module is connected with each battery module in series, and is externally connected to the PCS;

the master control module is communicated with the slave control modules, and the slave control modules are communicated with each other;

and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the slave control module.

A battery pack, comprising:

a plurality of parallel battery clusters;

PCS, electrically connected with each battery cluster through a bidirectional DC-DC module;

the master control is connected with the master control module; and the master control is connected with the PCS through the EMS to realize control of the PCS.

In one embodiment, the wide operating range of the bi-directional DC-DC module is between 0-600V.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

(1) The method is suitable for the situation that the electric capacity of each electric core in the battery module is different. When the low-capacitance battery cell is charged, other high-capacitance battery cells in a series circuit can be charged continuously by switching to the bypass branch circuit, so that the defect caused by a wooden barrel effect is overcome, the high-capacitance battery cells can be charged and discharged normally, and the resource waste is avoided.

(2) Through utilizing the structure of this application, in the battery cluster of constituteing by a plurality of electric core, if one of them electric core trouble, whole battery module still can continue work and charge-discharge, avoids directly discarding and produces extravagant.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a battery cell of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a battery module of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a battery pack of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present application in a first operating state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present application in a second operating state;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the third operating state of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fourth operating condition of the present application;

reference numerals illustrate:

1. a battery cell;

10. and a battery module.

Detailed Description

The touch structure and the display device of the present utility model will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown, and it should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present utility model described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present utility model. Accordingly, the following description is to be construed as broadly known to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the utility model.

The utility model is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. Advantages and features of the utility model will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the battery unit provided in the present application includes:

the working branch comprises a battery cell 1 and a working switch K1;

a bypass branch comprising a bypass switch K2;

the working branch is connected with the bypass branch in parallel;

in the working state, the working switch K1 is closed, and the bypass switch K2 is opened, so that the battery cell 1 is charged and discharged normally;

Specifically, the battery cell of the present application includes an operating state and a bypass state. In the working state, the working switch K1 is closed, the bypass switch K2 is opened, so that the battery cell 1 is charged and discharged normally, and at the moment, the working branch is conducted;

when the low-capacity battery cell in one battery string is full, the battery cell is switched to a bypass state: that is, the operation switch K1 of the battery cell is operated to be opened, and the bypass switch K2 is closed to allow the current to flow through the bypass branch, and at this time, the bypass branch is turned on to short the operation branch of the battery cell, and the current flows through the bypass branch to continue charging other battery cells.

The present application is applicable to cases where the respective cell capacities in the battery module 10 are not equal. When the charging of the low-capacitance battery cell 1 is completed, other high-capacitance battery cells in a series circuit can be continuously charged by switching to the bypass branch, the defect caused by the wooden barrel effect is eliminated, the high-capacitance battery cells can be normally charged and discharged, and the resource waste is avoided.

By utilizing the structure, in the battery string formed by a plurality of battery cells 1, if one of the battery cells 1 fails, the whole battery module 10 can still continue to work and charge and discharge, and waste caused by direct discarding is avoided.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the operating switch K1 has one or two. The plurality of working switches K1 can avoid the situation that if a fault occurs when only one working switch K1 is arranged, the working switches K1 cannot be controlled normally.

In some embodiments, the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 are a contact relay or a contactless switch (mosfet), which can implement the functions of the present application, and are not limited herein.

In some embodiments, the battery cell is a single battery cell or a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel, which is within the scope of the present application.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the present application also provides a battery module 10 including:

and the battery string comprises a plurality of battery units which are sequentially connected.

Specifically, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery string are respectively connected to corresponding access ends on a peripheral bidirectional DC-DC module, and the bidirectional DC-DC module is used for boosting the power of the low-voltage direct current of the battery string and converting the low-voltage direct current into high-voltage direct current; the bidirectional DC-DC module is connected to the PCS of the peripheral equipment, namely, the positive electrode of the output end and the negative electrode of the output end of the bidirectional DC-DC module are respectively connected to the PCS (energy storage converter) of the peripheral equipment, so that the high-voltage direct current is converted into the high-voltage alternating current through the PCS (energy storage converter) and then is transmitted to an external power grid.

It should be noted that in the actual operating state, in the prior art, the external general control BAU is connected to the PCS (energy storage converter) through the EMS (energy management module), so that control of the PCS (energy storage converter) is achieved.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, there are 8 or 16 battery cells in the battery string. Of course, other numbers of battery cells in the battery string are possible, and are not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the battery module 10 further includes a slave module;

The input end of the slave control module is connected to a temperature sensor corresponding to each cell 1 in the battery module 10, and is used for monitoring the temperature of each cell 1 in the battery module.

Specifically, the output end of the slave control module is electrically connected with the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2, and is used for automatically controlling the opening or closing of the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2. When the slave control module monitors that the temperature of the battery module 10 is too high through the temperature sensor, the working switches K1 and the bypass switch K2 are controlled to be turned off so as to avoid the influence of continuous rising of the temperature on the use safety.

The slave control module has the function of measuring parameters such as battery cell voltage, current, temperature and the like, and can calculate the SOC (state of charge) of the battery cell, SOP (state of power supplied by the battery), SOH (state of health of the battery), SOE (residual energy of the battery), DOD (depth of discharge of the battery pack) and internal resistance of the battery cell, and control the opening or closing of the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 based on calculation results. The slave control module can also directly and automatically control the working switch K1 and the bypass switch K2, namely, the slave control module can automatically control the disconnection switch when the discharging or charging of the battery module is completed.

And, the slave control module can also be connected with each electric cell 1 to monitor the voltage of each electric cell 1.

The battery module is used for collecting the charging and discharging current of the battery module in real time and transmitting signals to the connected slave control module so as to prevent the battery from being overcharged or overdischarged. In addition, the battery condition can be timely given by detecting the battery power consumption by means of the Hall current sensor, the situations of battery leakage, insulation damage and local short circuit are effectively avoided, and the reliability and the high efficiency of the operation of the whole battery are maintained.

The present application also provides a battery cluster comprising:

a plurality of battery modules 10 connected in series;

the bidirectional DC-DC module is connected with each battery module 10 in series, and is externally connected to the PCS;

Referring to fig. 3, the present application also provides a battery pack, comprising:

a plurality of parallel battery clusters;

PCS, electrically connected with the battery cluster through a bidirectional DC-DC module;

Specifically, one battery pack may include several battery clusters, one battery cluster being composed of a plurality of battery modules 10. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cluster are respectively connected to corresponding access ends on a peripheral bidirectional DC-DC module, and the bidirectional DC-DC module is used for boosting power of low-voltage direct current of the battery and converting the low-voltage direct current into high-voltage direct current; the bidirectional DC-DC module is connected to the PCS of the peripheral equipment, namely, the positive electrode of the output end and the negative electrode of the output end of the bidirectional DC-DC module are respectively connected to the PCS (energy storage converter) of the peripheral equipment, so that the high-voltage direct current is converted into the high-voltage alternating current through the PCS (energy storage converter) and then is transmitted to an external power grid.

The master control is connected with the slave control modules of the battery modules through the master control module, so that unified control of each battery module can be realized.

In fig. 3, the thin connection line is a control flow, and the thick connection line is a power flow.

Actual working mode:

as shown in fig. 3, when the operation switches K1, K2 of all the battery modules 10 are turned off, the battery pack is in a stopped state;

as shown in fig. 4, the operation switches K1 of all the battery modules 10 are operated to be closed, and the bypass switches K2 are operated to be opened, so that the battery packs are in a full-load charge-discharge state;

as shown in fig. 5, when the operation switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 of each battery module 10 are turned off and the bypass switch K2 is turned on, the single battery cell is bypassed and short-circuited to stop charging and discharging;

as shown in fig. 6, in the charge and discharge process, when one battery module 10 is in each battery cluster, the working switch K1 of one battery unit is opened, and the bypass switch K2 is closed, the single battery unit is short-circuited by the bypass, and the charge and discharge are stopped;

as shown in fig. 7, in the charge and discharge process, when one battery module 10 is in each battery cluster, the working switch K1 of one battery unit is opened, and the bypass switch K2 is closed, the single battery unit is short-circuited by the bypass, and the charge and discharge are stopped; and each battery cluster has one battery module 10, all the working switches K1 in the battery module are opened, the bypass switch K2 is closed, and the battery module 10 is in bypass short circuit and stops charging and discharging.

In some embodiments, the bidirectional DC to DC module operates in the range of 0-600V. The bidirectional DC-DC module has wide working range and strong flexibility and adaptability.

The high-voltage control system also comprises an energy storage high-voltage control box, wherein the energy storage high-voltage control box is a high-voltage loop management module arranged between the battery clusters and the PCS, and the main control module is arranged in the energy storage high-voltage control box and has the functions of collecting the voltage/current of each battery cluster, controlling and protecting the contactor and the like. It should be noted that the energy storage high voltage control box is a common voltage management device in a battery pack, and is shown in fig. 3, which is only an embodiment and not described in detail herein.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, it is intended that the present utility model also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A battery cell, comprising:

the working branch comprises a battery cell and a working switch K1;

a bypass branch comprising a bypass switch K2;

the working branch is connected with the bypass branch in parallel;

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the cell is one or consists of a plurality of single cells connected in parallel.

3. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the operating switch K1 is one or two.

4. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the operating switch K1, bypass switch K2 is of the type a contact-point relay or a contact-point-less switch.

5. A battery module, comprising: a plurality of battery cells according to any one of claims 1-4 connected in sequence.

6. The battery module of claim 5, wherein the battery module further comprises: a slave control module;

7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the input terminal of the slave module is connected to a temperature sensor corresponding to each cell in the battery module, and the temperature sensor is used for correspondingly monitoring the temperature of each cell.

8. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the slave control module has a function of measuring voltage, current, and temperature of the battery cell, calculates SOC, SOP, SOH, SOE, DOD and internal resistance of the battery cell, and controls opening or closing of the operation switch K1 and the bypass switch K2 based on the calculation result.

9. The battery module of claim 6, wherein the slave module is coupled to each cell in the battery module to monitor the voltage of each cell.

10. The battery module of claim 5, further comprising a current sensor for collecting charge and discharge current of the battery module and transmitting a signal to the slave module.

11. A battery cluster, comprising:

a plurality of battery modules in series, the battery modules being as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 10;

12. A battery pack, comprising:

a plurality of parallel battery clusters, said battery clusters being as recited in claim 11;

13. The battery pack of claim 12, wherein the bi-directional DC-DC module has a wide operating range of 0-600V.