CN220492199U

CN220492199U - Antenna module and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN220492199U
Application number: CN202322188153.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭瑞
Original assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-14
Filing date: 2023-08-14
Publication date: 2024-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2033-08-14

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna module and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a cavity antenna, wherein the cavity antenna is provided with an opening, and a radiation area is formed outside the opening; the transmission line is arranged on the circuit board, and the output end of the transmission line is connected with the feed end of the cavity antenna; and the grounding position of the transmission line is set to avoid the radiation area. According to the utility model, the grounding position of the transmission line is set to avoid the radiation area, so that the transmission line and the cavity antenna radiate electromagnetic waves outwards together, the antenna frequency is pulled to be low, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is further improved.

Description

Antenna module and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to the field of technologies, and in particular, to an antenna module and an electronic device.

Background

With the continuous development of communication technology, electronic devices such as mobile phones and the like have developed from bearing simple functions to supporting rich media such as voice, data, music, video and the like, and meanwhile, various application APP can be installed in an expanding manner to meet various demands of people.

Meanwhile, the production and manufacturing process is continuously advanced, consumers pay more attention to factors such as attractive appearance and cost of mobile phone products, cost reduction and efficiency improvement become important directions of mobile phone development, and the extremely low cost of the antenna becomes a direction of great efforts. The design of the antenna is often influenced by factors such as the appearance, the structure, the layout of a circuit board, metal parts and the like of the mobile phone, and the development difficulty is increased increasingly.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides an antenna module and electronic equipment, and the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

according to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided an antenna module, including:

the cavity antenna is provided with an opening, and a radiation area is formed outside the opening;

the transmission line is arranged on the circuit board, and the output end of the transmission line is connected with the feed end of the cavity antenna;

and the grounding position of the transmission line is set to avoid the radiation area.

Optionally, the ground position of the transmission line, the projection on the cavity antenna, falls within the range of the cavity antenna.

Optionally, the grounding position comprises at least two.

Optionally, the grounding position is provided with a matching module, and the matching module is grounded in a parallel connection mode.

Optionally, the matching module is any one of the following: capacitance, inductance, resistance.

Optionally, the length of the ground wire is smaller than a set threshold value on a side of the transmission line away from the cavity antenna.

Optionally, the length of the ground wire is less than 2mm.

Optionally, the routing length of the ground wire is 0mm.

Optionally, the cavity antenna is surrounded by a shielding case and a metal back plate arranged on the circuit board.

Optionally, the radiation area is an area between the cavity antenna opening and the frame.

According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided an electronic device comprising an antenna module as in any one of the first aspects.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model at least has the following beneficial effects:

according to the utility model, the grounding position of the transmission line is set to avoid the radiation area, so that the transmission line and the cavity antenna radiate electromagnetic waves outwards together, the antenna frequency is pulled to be low, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is further improved. And no additional parts are needed, the cost and the mass production risk are reduced, the structure is simplified, and the structural consistency is improved. Under the same antenna radiation efficiency, the antenna module can be made smaller in volume, the volume of the antenna module is reduced, and the compactness and the miniaturization of the antenna module are facilitated.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the utility model as claimed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model and do not constitute a undue limitation on the utility model.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a transmission line according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a complete machine, according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna performance according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna performance according to an exemplary embodiment.

Reference numerals illustrate: cavity antenna 10, opening 11, feed end 12, transmission line 20, output end 21, ground 22, circuit board 30, radiation area 40, frame 50.

Detailed Description

In order to enable a person skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present utility model and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the utility model. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the utility model as detailed in the accompanying claims.

With the entering age of consumer electronic products, cost reduction and efficiency improvement become an important direction of a company, the extremely low cost of an antenna becomes a direction of efforts, the extremely low cost of the excellent performance of the cavity antenna of the shielding cover becomes one of the preferred schemes of the industry since the application, and the utility model provides a layout scheme capable of improving the performance of the cavity antenna of the shielding cover.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the antenna module includes:

a cavity antenna 10, the cavity antenna having an opening 11, a radiation area 40 being formed outside the opening 11;

a transmission line 20 disposed on the circuit board 30, and an output end 21 of the transmission line 20 is connected to the feeding end 12 of the cavity antenna 10;

the ground 22 of the transmission line 20 is disposed so as to be away from the radiation area 40.

In this embodiment, the cavity antenna is comprised of one or more apertures formed by removing material from the conductive surface. The cavity antenna is also called a slot antenna, and refers to an antenna formed by opening on a conductor surface. Alternatively, the opening 11 may be elongated in shape and may be approximately half a wavelength in length. The opening 11 may be fed by a transmission line bridging the narrow side thereof, or by a waveguide or resonator. At this time, the opening 11 is excited with a radio frequency electromagnetic field, and electromagnetic waves are radiated to the space.

The working principle of the cavity antenna also relates to the radiation of a resonance mode, which when excited generates a radiation field, radiating signal energy from the cavity. The shape and direction of the radiation field depend on the position and shape of the opening 11, as well as the characteristics of the resonance modes. By adjusting the position and shape of the opening 11, the radiation characteristics of the cavity antenna, such as the radiation direction, radiation intensity and operating frequency range, can be changed. The working principle of the cavity slot antenna relates to the structure of the cavity, the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the excitation and radiation of standing wave modes. Through reasonable design and adjustment of the structure of the cavity and the position of the gap, the cavity gap antenna can receive and radiate wireless signals with specific frequency. Cavity antennas have wide applications in wireless communication systems, such as mobile communications, satellite communications, and radar systems.

In one possible embodiment, the circuit board 30 is a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB) consisting of an insulating base plate, connecting wires and pads for mounting soldered electronic components, having the dual function of a conductive trace and an insulating base plate. The device can replace complex wiring, realizes electrical connection among elements in a circuit, simplifies assembly and welding work of electronic products, and reduces wiring workload in a traditional mode; and the whole volume is reduced, the product cost is reduced, and the quality and the reliability of the electronic equipment are improved.

In one possible embodiment, the transmission line 20 on the circuit board 30 is used to transmit the wireless signal received by the cavity antenna 10 to the circuit board 30 and further process, or to transmit the signal sent by the circuit board 30 to the cavity antenna 10 and radiate to the outside. The cavity antenna 10 is used as a resonant cavity antenna, meets the radiation performance requirement of a product, and can reduce uncertain electrical connection risks. The antenna can be applied to a WIFI antenna, a Sub6G antenna and the like of electronic equipment such as PAD (tablet personal computer) or mobile phones and the like of an all-metal rear cover which is not slotted under the stacking.

In this embodiment, the ground bit 22 of the transmission line 20 is disposed away from the radiation area 40, so that the transmission line may also be used as a part of the antenna to perform the function of radiating electromagnetic waves outwards, so as to increase the overall length of the antenna, pull the antenna frequency to a low frequency, and further improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna module. And no additional parts are needed, the cost and the mass production risk are reduced, the structure is simplified, and the structural consistency is improved. Under the same antenna radiation efficiency, the antenna module can be made to be smaller in volume, the volume of the antenna module is reduced, and the antenna is compact and miniaturized.

Optionally, the ground 22 of the transmission line 20, the projection on the cavity antenna 10, falls within the cavity antenna range 10.

In this embodiment, the grounding bit 22 of the transmission line 20 is used for impedance matching, and a common antenna is designed with a certain impedance, so that the antenna is designed with an antenna ground, and the antenna ground is also required to be grounded when the antenna ground and the rear end are connected together, thereby maintaining the continuity of electromagnetic propagation at the connection position, having better matching, effectively reducing the voltage standing wave ratio, and simultaneously ensuring the consistency.

In one possible embodiment, the impedance of the cavity antenna 10 is 50Ω.

Optionally, the grounding bit 22 includes at least two.

Optionally, the length of the ground line is set to be smaller than a set threshold value on a side of the transmission line 20 away from the cavity antenna 10.

Optionally, the length of the ground wire is less than 2mm. In order to avoid that the ground wire affects the outward radiation of the transmission line 20 and reduce the volume of the antenna, the length of the ground wire is not suitable to be too long, and may be 1mm, 1.5mm, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

Optionally, the length of the ground wire is 0mm, that is, the ground wire is not arranged, so that no influence is exerted on the transmission line, and the radiation efficiency of the transmission line is maximized.

Optionally, the cavity antenna 10 is surrounded by a shield and a metal back plate disposed on the circuit board 30.

In this embodiment, the cavity antenna 10 is formed by surrounding the metal back plate, the circuit board 30 and the shielding case, and is used as an antenna to receive or transmit signals. The edges of the shield are conductors that conduct current for making electrical connection between the shield and the circuit board 30.

The shielding cover is used for a circuit board of a mobile phone, and because the mobile phone is provided with a plurality of wireless communication circuits such as GPS, BT, wifi,2G/3G/4G/5G and the like, each wireless communication circuit can generate electromagnetic radiation during operation, and the normal operation of other circuits can be possibly influenced, such as a sensitive analog circuit, a DC-DC switching power supply circuit is extremely easy to be influenced by the image of the electromagnetic radiation, in order to avoid that each circuit influences other circuits and other circuits influence the circuit, the shielding cover is generally required to isolate the circuits. In addition to preventing electromagnetic interference, the other effect of the shield is to prevent the strike, the PCB may be split, and generally adjacent PCB boards need to be separated from each other to prevent them from coming too close together, resulting in a strike during subsequent testing or other transportation.

In one possible embodiment, the edge of the shield can be connected to the circuit board by means of a spring, foam, conductive cloth, or solder.

In one possible embodiment, the shielding case is mounted on the circuit board 30 by a surface mount technology (Surface Mounted Technology, SMT), which is a circuit attachment technology for mounting a leadless or short-lead surface mount component SMC/SMD on the surface of a printed circuit board PCB or other substrate, and soldering the assembly by reflow soldering or dip soldering, etc.

Optionally, the radiation area 40 is an area between the opening 11 of the cavity antenna 10 and the frame 50.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a transmission line according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2 (a), in the related art, the transmission line 20 is surrounded by the ground line 60 of the PCB, so that the influence of the transmission line 20 on the antenna is reduced, but the transmission line 20 has no gain on the antenna, and the surrounding ground line 60 has a negative influence on the radiation of the cavity antenna 10. As shown in fig. 2 (b), in this embodiment, the ground wire 60 surrounding the outside of the transmission line 20 is deleted, the matching ground bit 22 is moved to the inside, the transmission line 20 is used as a part of the antenna to participate in the antenna radiation, and meanwhile, the frequency of the cavity antenna 10 is pulled to a lower frequency, so that the radiation efficiency is improved, and the influence on the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced after the matching ground bit 22 is moved to the inside.

Optionally, an impedance matching module is disposed at the grounding bit 22, where the impedance matching module includes at least one of the following: capacitance, inductance, resistance.

In an antenna, when the feed line matches the antenna impedance, the reflection at the feed end 12 is minimal and the energy on the feed line is efficiently transferred to the antenna. Thus, the feed line needs to be impedance matched to the antenna, and the characteristic impedance of the connecting antenna on the PCB should be equal to the input impedance of the antenna. In order to remove the ground wire surrounded on the outer side of the transmission line 20, the antenna module is normally operated after changing the structure of the antenna, and the impedance matching module at the ground bit 22 is used to perform impedance matching on the antenna so as to achieve the preset impedance.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a complete machine, according to an example embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, in the whole machine, the cavity antenna 10 is located inside a terminal frame (border) 50, and a region between an opening 11 of the cavity antenna 10 and the frame 50 is a radiation region 40. When the ground 22 of the transmission line 20 is located below the feed end 12, it is far away from the radiation area 40, so that the influence of the ground 22 on the cavity antenna 10 is minimized, and the radiation performance of the cavity antenna 10 is improved.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna performance according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the abscissa is frequency, and the ordinate is the input reflection coefficient S11, that is, the input return loss. The curve (a) is the return loss of the antenna in the related technical scheme, and the curve (b) is the return loss of the antenna in the embodiment, and according to the graph, the return loss of the antenna in the embodiment is absorbed, so that the corresponding S11 overall is higher than that of the curve (a), and the better S11 is provided.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna performance according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the abscissa is frequency and the ordinate is antenna radiation efficiency. Curve rad. Eff_kaobian is the theoretical radiation efficiency of the scheme in the present utility model, and curve rad. Eff_kaoli is the theoretical radiation efficiency of the antenna in the related art; the curve tot.eff_kaobian is the antenna efficiency of the present utility model, and the curve tot.eff_kaoli is the radiation efficiency of the antenna in the related art, and the antenna efficiency in the present utility model is higher than the antenna efficiency of the antenna in the related art as a result of the efficiency comparison. Therefore, the utility model can effectively improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna module and the communication quality.

Other embodiments of the utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the utility model disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the utility model following, in general, the principles of the utility model and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the utility model pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the utility model being indicated by the following claims.

It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, comprising:

2. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the transmission line is grounded and a projection onto the cavity antenna falls within the cavity antenna.

3. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the ground location comprises at least two.

4. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the ground location is provided with a matching module, the matching module being grounded in parallel.

5. The antenna module of claim 4, wherein the matching module is any one of: capacitance, inductance, resistance.

6. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein a length of the ground line is less than a set threshold on a side of the transmission line away from the cavity antenna.

7. The antenna module of claim 6, wherein the ground trace length is less than 2mm.

8. The antenna module of claim 7, wherein the ground wire has a trace length of 0mm.

9. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the cavity antenna is enclosed by a shield and a metal back plate disposed on a circuit board.

10. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the radiating area is an area between the cavity antenna opening and a bezel.

11. An electronic device comprising an antenna module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.