CN220487666U - Drainage structure of large water mine - Google Patents
Drainage structure of large water mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN220487666U CN220487666U CN202322146318.8U CN202322146318U CN220487666U CN 220487666 U CN220487666 U CN 220487666U CN 202322146318 U CN202322146318 U CN 202322146318U CN 220487666 U CN220487666 U CN 220487666U
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 247
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A drainage and water discharge structure of a large water mine belongs to the technical field of mine water control facilities and is used for drainage and water discharge of the large water mine. The technical proposal is as follows: the drainage well is arranged perpendicular to each roadway, the drainage well is respectively communicated with each horizontal roadway, the lower end of the drainage well is connected with a downhole permanent water bin, one side of each horizontal roadway is respectively provided with a water ditch which is connected with the drainage well, 3-4 drainage chambers are respectively arranged in each horizontal roadway, 3-4 drainage holes are arranged in each drainage chamber, the drainage holes are in fan-shaped arrangement, the water collecting ends of the drainage holes are arranged in a larger water yield section and a structural development zone or limestone water-containing layer during grouting of roadway construction, the water outlet ends of the drainage holes are arranged in the drainage chambers, the drainage hole structure adopts a drilling structure with a hole pipe device, and gate valves, pressure gauges and flow meters are arranged at holes. The utility model can realize the drainage and water discharge of ore bodies above the transportation middle section, reduce the water level of the ore bodies in the curtain below the exploitation level, and provide guarantee for safe and efficient exploitation in the pit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a drainage structure of a large-water mine, and belongs to the technical field of mine water control facilities.
Background
Mine water damage is one of the main safety disasters in the mine construction and production process. With the increase of mineral resource demand and the progress of production technology, the mining depth of mines is continuously improved, and the problems caused by the increase of the depth of the mines are as follows: on one hand, the mine pressure in the deep part of the mine is increased, and the water head pressure of the pressure-bearing water is also increased; on the other hand, as the mining range is enlarged, uncertainty factors in the mine hydrogeological conditions are increased as the mining area is enlarged, and the potential danger is increased. At present, the safety mining requirements are higher and higher, the mining is more beneficial to safety control after the mine is drained to a safe water level (the mine water level is lower than the mining middle section), and the possibility of underground water damage is increased when the mining is carried out under pressure. Especially, the large water metal mine has the characteristics of poor crushing stability of ore rock, easy mud formation when meeting water intensity reduction and the like, and the safety risks such as water burst, collapse, slurry spraying and the like are more easy to exist in the exploitation process, so that the safety production of the mine is greatly threatened.
The formulation of the water control strategy of the large water mine is always a primary difficult problem for restricting the safe and efficient exploitation of the underground large water mine, and the drainage is a method for controlling the groundwater hazard which is widely applied at home and abroad at present. Therefore, in order to ensure safe exploitation, the mine drainage structure and drainage technology are important, and the drainage effect in the ore body is directly related to whether the possibility of sudden underground water flushing in the ore body can be reduced, and further whether safe exploitation can be realized.
In recent years, parallel drainage is widely adopted in drainage engineering of underground mines at home and abroad. In the process of mining, roadway water is drained to an underground water bin through a roadway ditch by utilizing the tunnel which is already dug and built, and is drained to the ground surface through a water pump. However, the existing drainage structure has poor drainage effect, and often needs a period of several years to drain the water level of the ore body below the exploitation middle section, so that the non-water pressure exploitation is difficult to realize for a large-water mine. Therefore, how to quickly drain the mine on the basis of the existing drainage technology is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a drainage water structure of a large water mine, which can intensively drain water by adopting the existing drainage well, can effectively drain crevice water and various gushes in the mine, shortens the drainage period, creates a good environment for underground exploitation, and ensures the safety and the high efficiency of underground exploitation.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a drainage structure of a large water mine comprises drainage wells, water ditches, drainage chambers and drainage holes, wherein the drainage wells are arranged perpendicular to each roadway and are respectively communicated with each horizontal roadway, the lower ends of the drainage wells are connected with underground permanent water bins, one sides of each horizontal roadway are respectively provided with a water ditch and are connected with the drainage wells, 3-4 drainage chambers are respectively arranged in a rock drilling roadway, an ore drawing roadway and a transportation roadway, 3-4 drainage holes are respectively arranged in each drainage chamber, the drainage holes are in fan-shaped arrangement, the water collecting ends of the drainage holes are arranged in larger water yield sections and structural development zones or limestone water-containing layers during grouting of roadway construction, the water outlet ends of the drainage holes are arranged in the drainage chambers, the structures of the drainage holes adopt drilling structures with orifice pipe devices, and gate valves, pressure gauges and flow meters are arranged at orifices.
According to the drainage structure of the large water mine, the intersections of the middle sections of the drainage wells are communicated with the horizontal roadways through the drainage well connecting roadways, the lower ends of the drainage wells are connected with underground permanent water bins through the water bin connecting roadways, water ditches are arranged on one sides of the drainage well connecting roadways and the water bin connecting roadways and are connected with water ditches of the horizontal roadways, and water ditch cover plates are arranged on the water ditches.
According to the drainage and drainage structure of the large-water mine, the water detection holes with larger water yield during the water detection grouting construction of the roadways are arranged in each roadway and can be used as drainage holes.
According to the drainage water discharging structure of the large water mine, the water discharging chamber is arranged in a complete stratum, the distance between the front and the top of the water discharging chamber and the broken zone or the strong water-bearing layer is 15-30m, and grouting water control or reinforced concrete supporting measures are adopted when the water discharging chamber does not meet the above requirements at the design site.
According to the drainage water discharging structure of the large water mine, the fan-shaped arrangement of the water discharging holes takes the positions of the crushing belts or the known water outlet points as target positions, the inclined angles and the lengths of the water discharging holes are determined according to the positions of the crushing belts or the water outlet points, the lengths of the water discharging holes are arranged in the limestone water-bearing layer until water is gushed into the crushing belts or the water outlet points, the water discharging holes are arranged at 30-45 degrees above the drilling direction, the effective length of penetrating into the water guiding structure or entering into the limestone water-bearing layer is not less than 50m, and the drilling length can be properly prolonged or shortened according to the actual water outlet.
According to the drainage water drain structure of the large water mine, the opening diameter of the water drain hole structure is 120-140mm, the final hole diameter is 70-80mm, a sleeve with phi of 100-110mm is installed after an orifice is drilled for 15-20m, cement grouting is used for reinforcement, and after a pressure test reaches a preset stability index, a gate valve, a pressure gauge and a flow meter are installed at the orifice.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
according to the utility model, the water discharge chambers are added in each horizontal roadway, and the water discharge holes are connected with the water discharge chambers, so that water in the rock stratum can be concentrated into the water discharge chambers to be discharged; the water collecting end of the water discharging hole is arranged in a larger water outlet section and a structural development zone or a limestone water-containing layer during roadway construction water exploration grouting, so that crevice water and various gushes water in a mine body can be effectively drained; the water detection holes with larger water yield can be used as water discharge holes during the tunnel water detection grouting construction, and the structural arrangement is flexible; the water drain hole adopts a drilling structure with a hole opening pipe device, the water outlet end is arranged in the water drain chamber, and a gate valve, a pressure gauge and a flow meter are arranged at the hole opening, so that the flow and pressure conditions of each water drain Kong Chongshui can be accurately judged, and statistics on the total drainage water drain condition in the well can be carried out; the water in the mine body is collected to the underground permanent water bin through the water discharging hole, the water discharging chamber, the water ditch and the water discharging well and is uniformly discharged by the water discharging facility without adding additional water discharging facilities.
The utility model has reasonable structure, combines the hydrogeological conditions of the mine and the current construction situation, adopts the combined structure of the drainage well, the drainage chamber and the multi-point drainage holes to drain the mine pit, can realize the drainage and drainage of the ore body above the transportation middle section, reduces the water level in the ore body below the exploitation level, creates a good environment for underground exploitation, and ensures the safety and the high efficiency of underground exploitation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an orifice tube of the drain hole.
The figures are labeled as follows: the system comprises a drainage well 1, a drainage well connecting roadway 2, a ditch 3, a ditch cover plate 4, a rock drilling roadway 5, a drainage hole 6, a drainage chamber 7, an ore removal roadway 8, a transportation roadway 9, a water sump connecting roadway 10, a downhole permanent water sump 11, an orifice pipe 12, a gate valve 13, a pressure gauge 14 and a flowmeter 15.
Detailed Description
The utility model comprises a drainage well 1, a drainage well joint roadway 2, a water ditch 3, a water ditch cover plate 4, a water drain hole 6, a water drain chamber 7, a water sump joint roadway 10, a downhole permanent water sump 11, an orifice pipe 12, a gate valve 13, a pressure gauge 14 and a flowmeter 15.
In the figure, a drainage well 1 is arranged perpendicular to each roadway, the intersection of each middle section of the drainage well 1 is communicated with each horizontal roadway through a drainage well connecting roadway 2, the lower end of the drainage well 1 is connected with a downhole permanent water sump 11 through a water sump connecting roadway 10, water ditches 3 are arranged on one sides of the drainage well connecting roadway 2 and the water sump connecting roadway 10 and are connected with water ditches 3 of each horizontal roadway, and water ditch cover plates 4 are arranged on the water ditches 3.
In the figure, 3-4 water draining chambers 7 are respectively arranged in a rock drilling tunnel 5, an ore discharging tunnel 8 and a transportation tunnel 9, 3-4 water draining holes 6 are arranged in each water draining chamber 7, the water draining holes 6 are in fan-shaped arrangement, the water collecting ends of the water draining holes 6 are arranged in a larger water yield section and a structural development zone or limestone water-containing layer during tunnel construction water exploration grouting, and the water outlet ends of the water draining holes 6 are arranged in the water draining chamber 6. The water detection holes with larger water yield can be used as the water discharge holes 6 during the water detection grouting construction of the roadways arranged in each roadway.
The drawing shows that the positions of the water discharge chambers 7 of the various roadways are not overlapped as far as possible in space, the water discharge chambers 7 are required to be arranged in the complete rock stratum, and the front and the top of the water discharge chambers 7 are 15-30m away from the broken zone or the strong aquifer. The water is detected before the construction of the water draining chamber 7, and the rock stability of the water draining chamber 7 is detected, if the design place does not meet the requirements, grouting water control or reinforced concrete supporting measures are adopted immediately, so that the rock wall is prevented from being broken under the action of water pressure, and the safety of the water draining chamber 7 is ensured.
The water discharging holes 6 are arranged in a fan shape, the positions of the crushing belt or the known water outlet points are taken as target positions, the water discharging Kong Fangwei, the inclination angle and the length are determined according to the positions of the crushing belt or the water outlet points, and the lengths of the water discharging holes 6 are drilled into the crushing belt or the water outlet points to gush water. The water drain hole 6 arranged in the limestone water-bearing layer is inclined by 30-45 degrees above the drilling direction, and the effective length penetrating into the water guide structure or entering into the limestone water-bearing layer is not less than 50m, so that the drilling length can be properly prolonged or shortened according to the actual water yield.
The structure of the water drain hole 6 is shown as a drilling structure with a hole opening pipe 12, the diameter of the opening is 120-140mm, and the diameter of the final hole is 70-80mm. And (3) installing a sleeve with the diameter of 100-110mm after drilling the orifice for 15-20m, grouting and reinforcing by cement, and installing a gate valve 13, a pressure gauge 14 and a flow gauge 15 on the orifice pipe 12 after reaching a preset stability index through a pressure test. The pressure of the pressure test is not less than 1.5 times of the water pressure of the orifice, the duration of the pressure test is not less than 30 minutes, and the pressure test is failed and must be sealed again.
One embodiment of the utility model is as follows:
the iron ore is a domestic large underground mining iron mine, belongs to a typical karst large water mine with complex hydrogeology in China, the direct roof of the ore body is an Otto-series water-bearing layer with the thickness of 400m, the main ore bodies of the iron ore are all arranged in contact zones of magma rock and middle Otto-series limestone and limestone cracks nearby the contact zones, and the iron ore belongs to a typical contact-substitution sikava-type magnet ore deposit, and the iron ore has the characteristics of abnormal development of the water-bearing layer, complex engineering geological conditions, unclear ground stress distribution, broken rock, serious argillization and the like. The water level (about +0m) in the existing pit of the mine is still higher than the mining middle section (-230 m, namely the ore-drawing middle section), and a large number of unsafe factors such as water burst, collapse and spraying of a mine room exist in the stoping process, so that serious threat is caused to the safe production. In order to ensure the safe exploitation of mines, a drainage water structure of a large-water mine is needed to be designed, a good mining operation environment is created for the safe exploitation, and the possibility of sudden underground water flushing is reduced.
In the embodiment, the rock drilling tunnel 5 is at the level of-170 m, the ore drawing tunnel 8 is at the level of-230 m, the transportation tunnel 9 is at the level of-245 m, and the underground permanent water bin 11 is at the level of-260 m; the diameter of the drainage well 1 is 1m, the drainage well 1 is vertical to each horizontal roadway, and the elevation of the drainage well 1 is-110 m to-260 m; each horizontal roadway is a three-arch roadway, and the section size is 4.1m multiplied by 3.85m; the drainage well connecting roadway 2 is a three-arch roadway, and the section size is 2.3m multiplied by 2.7m; the effective volume of the underground permanent water sump 11 is 1.68 ten thousand m 3 The water sump connecting roadway 10 is a three-arch roadway, and the cross section size is 2.3m multiplied by 2.7m; the size of the horizontal roadway ditch 3 is 0.5m multiplied by 0.5m; the size of the ditch cover plate 4 is 0.7mx1m, and the ditch cover plate is made of carbon steel; the drainage well connecting roadway 2, the sump connecting roadway 10 and the ditch 3 are 1m multiplied by 1m in size, the ditch cover plate 4 is 1.2m multiplied by 1m in size, and the material is a carbon steel cover plate.
In the embodiment, according to the position of a broken belt, hydrogeological conditions and the current construction situation disclosed by drilling during mining area investigation, the positions of water outlet points disclosed in the construction process and the supporting conditions of a roadway in the construction process are fully considered, and 10 water drainage chambers 7 are arranged in total: four water discharging chambers 7 are arranged in a-245 m middle section roadway, and each water discharging chamber 7 is provided with four water discharging holes 6; three water discharging chambers 7 are arranged in a-230 m middle section roadway, and each water discharging chamber 7 is provided with four water discharging holes 6; three water discharge chambers 7 are arranged in the-170 m middle section tunnel, and each water discharge chamber 7 is provided with three water discharge holes 6. The specification of the water discharge chamber 7 is that the length is multiplied by the width is multiplied by the height is multiplied by 6m is multiplied by 4m is multiplied by 3m.
In the embodiment, the water discharging holes 6 are arranged in a fan shape, the azimuth, the inclination angle and the length of the water discharging holes 6 are basically determined according to the positions of the crushing belt or the water outlet points, and the water discharging Kong Fangwei taking the positions of the crushing belt or the known water outlet points as target positions, and the lengths of the water discharging holes 6 are drilled into the crushing belt or the water outlet points until water is gushed; the effective length of the water drain hole 6 which is arranged in the limestone water-bearing layer and enters the limestone water-bearing layer is not less than 50m, and the drilling length can be properly prolonged or shortened according to the actual water yield.
In the embodiment, the structure of the water drain hole 6 adopts a drilling structure with an orifice pipe 12 device, the diameter of the opening is 130mm, and the diameter of the final hole is 75mm. And (3) installing a sleeve with phi of 108mm after drilling the orifice for 15m, grouting and reinforcing by cement, and installing a gate valve 13 and a pressure gauge 14 at the orifice after reaching a preset stability index through a pressure resistance test. The pressure of the pressure test is not less than 1.5 times of the water pressure of the orifice, the duration of the pressure test is not less than 30 minutes, and the pressure test is failed and must be sealed again. The maximum measuring range of the pressure gauge 14 is 5Mpa, and the maximum measuring range of the flow gauge 15 is 1000L/min.
In the examples, the dry-out amount and dry-out time were predicted: the water inflow of the drain hole 6 with a single hole is 35m 3 Calculating the water discharge quantity of 37 water discharge holes 6 to be 1295m per hour 3 /h(31080m 3 /d). The drain time adopts the following formula:
wherein: t-drain time, d; q (Q) J -draining the static reserve in the dropping funnel, m 3 ；Q p Drainage capacity of draining off water, m 3 /d；Q D -flow rate, m, of the fluid flowing into the draining zone during draining 3 /d。
The drain hole dry weight of all design is 31080m 3 D, considering the water inflow of other roadways, and total drainage quantity Q p According to 50000m 3 Calculation of/d, Q J According to 5.02X10 6 m 3 Meter, Q D According to 24800m 3 And/d, calculating the drain time to be 134d by a manager. Practice proves that the mine is drained in the construction period, the concentrated drainage time of the device is 101 days before production, the average water level in the pit is reduced to-231.5 m, and the water level is lower than the level of-230 m in the middle mining section.
Claims (6)
1. A drainage structure of a large water mine is characterized in that: the underground water drainage system comprises drainage wells (1), water ditches (3), drainage chambers (7) and drainage holes (6), wherein the drainage wells (1) are arranged perpendicular to all roadways, the drainage wells (1) are respectively communicated with all horizontal roadways, the lower ends of the drainage wells are connected with underground permanent water bins (11), the water ditches (3) are respectively connected with the drainage wells (1) on one side of each horizontal roadway, 3-4 drainage chambers (7) are respectively arranged in a rock drilling roadway (5), an ore removal roadway (8) and a transportation roadway (9), 3-4 drainage holes (6) are arranged in each drainage chamber (7), the drainage holes (6) are in fan-shaped arrangement, the water collecting ends of the drainage holes (6) are arranged in a water drainage chamber (7) in a large water yield section and a structural development zone or limestone water containing layer during roadway construction grouting, the drainage holes (6) are structurally adopt a drilling structure with orifice pipes (12), and gate valves (13), pressure gauges (14) and flow meters (15) are arranged in the orifice pipes (12).
2. The large water mine drainage structure of claim 1, wherein: the cross part of each middle section of the drainage well (1) is communicated with each horizontal roadway through a drainage well connecting roadway (2), the lower end of the drainage well (1) is connected with a downhole permanent water sump (11) through a water sump connecting roadway (10), a water ditch (3) is arranged on one side of the drainage well connecting roadway (2) and one side of the water sump connecting roadway (10) and is connected with the water ditches (3) of each horizontal roadway, and a water ditch cover plate (4) is arranged on the water ditches (3).
3. The large water mine drainage structure of claim 1, wherein: and water detection holes with larger water yield can be used as water discharge holes (6) in the construction of arranging roadway water detection grouting in each roadway.
4. The large water mine drainage structure of claim 1, wherein: the water draining chamber (7) is arranged in a complete rock stratum, the distance between the front and the top of the water draining chamber (7) and the broken zone or the strong water-bearing layer is 15-30m, and grouting water control or reinforced concrete supporting measures are adopted when the water draining chamber (7) does not meet the above requirements at the design site.
5. The large water mine drainage structure of claim 1, wherein: the fan-shaped arrangement of the water discharging holes (6) takes the position of a broken belt or a known water outlet point as a target horizon, the azimuth, the inclination angle and the length of the water discharging holes (6) are determined according to the position of the broken belt or the water outlet point, the lengths of the water discharging holes (6) are used for drilling into the broken belt or the water outlet point to flush water, the water discharging holes (6) arranged in a limestone aquifer are arranged at an angle of 30-45 degrees above the drilling direction, the effective length penetrating into a water guiding structure or entering the limestone aquifer is not less than 50m, and the drilling length can be properly prolonged or shortened according to the actual water outlet quantity.
6. The large water mine drainage structure of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the opening of the water drain hole (6) is 120-140mm, the diameter of the final hole is 70-80mm, a sleeve with phi of 100-110mm is arranged after the hole is drilled for 15-20m, cement grouting is used for reinforcement, and after a preset stability index is reached through a pressure test, a gate valve (13), a pressure gauge (14) and a flowmeter (15) are arranged at the hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322146318.8U CN220487666U (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Drainage structure of large water mine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322146318.8U CN220487666U (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Drainage structure of large water mine |
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| CN220487666U true CN220487666U (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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| CN202322146318.8U Active CN220487666U (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Drainage structure of large water mine |
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2023
- 2023-08-10 CN CN202322146318.8U patent/CN220487666U/en active Active
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