CN220455315U - Experimental device for measuring natural frequency of hydrodynamic landslide model - Google Patents
Experimental device for measuring natural frequency of hydrodynamic landslide model Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an experimental device for measuring natural frequency of a hydrodynamic landslide model. The utility model is suitable for the technical field of landslide natural frequency experiments. The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: an experimental device for measuring natural frequency of hydrodynamic landslide model is provided. The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: an experimental device for measuring natural frequency of hydrodynamic landslide model, which is characterized by comprising: the experimental model box is internally provided with a landslide body, and a water passing channel is formed on the outer side of the slope surface of the landslide body; the vibration pickup is arranged on the landslide body; the camera is arranged at the periphery of the experimental model box; the water flow excitation module can feed water into the experimental model box from a water inlet at one end of the water channel; and the controller is in circuit connection with the vibration pickup, the camera and the water flow excitation module.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an experimental device for measuring natural frequency of a hydrodynamic landslide model. The method is suitable for the technical field of landslide natural frequency experiments.
Background
Hydrodynamic landslide has an increased probability of reviving or even destabilizing existing and potential landslides on the water side due to the influence of water factors. In order to reduce the harm of hydrodynamic landslide to people, property and society, research on evolution rules and mechanisms of hydrodynamic landslide is indispensable.
The dynamic characteristics of the evolution law of the hydrodynamic landslide and the monitoring of the on-site landslide are both good choices, and the method for measuring various vibration frequencies such as an environmental noise method and the like in the actual hydrodynamic landslide is also researched at present, but the variation trend and the principle of the dynamic characteristics such as the natural vibration frequency and the like in the evolution process of the hydrodynamic landslide still need to be further and deeply researched.
Considering that the on-site hydrodynamic landslide environment is complex, the vibration measurement in the landslide body is difficult, the measurement result is greatly influenced by external interference, and the analysis of the dynamic characteristic change trend and principle of the measurement result is difficult to control variable, and the research by means of an experimental model is a reasonable method, so that the development of the hydrodynamic landslide experimental device and method in an environmental noise excitation mode is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: aiming at the problems, an experimental device for measuring the natural frequency of a hydrodynamic landslide model is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: an experimental device for measuring natural frequency of hydrodynamic landslide model, which is characterized by comprising:
the experimental model box is internally provided with a landslide body, and a water passing channel is formed on the outer side of the slope surface of the landslide body;
the vibration pickup is arranged on the landslide body and can measure vibration data of the slope surface of the landslide body in real time;
the camera is arranged at the periphery of the experimental model box and can record landslide images of landslide bodies in the experimental model box in real time;
the water flow excitation module can feed water into the experiment model box from a water inlet at one end of the water passing channel, can discharge water from the water outlet at the other end of the water passing channel into the experiment model box, can form water flow flowing from the water inlet of the water passing channel to the water outlet of the water passing channel in the experiment model box, and can control the water level in the experiment model box;
and the controller is in circuit connection with the vibration pickup, the camera and the water flow excitation module.
The water flow excitation module comprises:
the circulating water tank is provided with a water supplementing valve and a water draining valve;
the water inlet end of the first water pump is communicated with the circulating water tank through a pipeline, and the water outlet end of the first water pump is communicated with the experiment model box through a pipeline;
the water inlet end of the second water pump is communicated with the experiment model box through a pipeline, and the water outlet end of the second water pump is communicated with the circulating water tank through a pipeline.
And the flow meters are respectively provided with a flow meter corresponding to the water supplementing valve and the water draining valve, and the flow meters are provided with fine tuning knobs capable of carrying out fine tuning on the flow rate of corresponding water supplementing or water draining.
A circulating water outlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the circulating water tank and the first water pump, and a water flow excitation water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first water pump and the experimental model box;
and a water flow excitation water outlet valve is arranged between the experimental model box and the second water pump in a management way, and a circulating water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the second water pump and the circulating water tank.
The water flow excitation water inlet valve and the water flow excitation water outlet valve are respectively provided with a filter screen.
The circulating water tank is internally provided with a liquid level transmitter.
The vibration pickup is respectively arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the shallow layer at the bottom of the landslide body, the X axis of the vibration pickup is consistent with the direction of landslide orientation along the horizontal direction, the Y axis is consistent with the direction of landslide along the horizontal direction, and the Z axis is along the vertical direction.
The first water pump and the second water pump are mute water pumps, and damping foam is filled below the first water pump and the second water pump.
And medium sand is uniformly scattered on the surface of the landslide body.
An experimental method based on the experimental device for measuring the natural frequency of the hydrodynamic landslide model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. injecting water into the experimental model box through a water flow excitation module to enable the water level to be higher than a water inlet and a water outlet on the experimental model box;
b. forming a circulating water flow between the water flow excitation module and the experiment model box through the water flow excitation module, wherein the circulating water flow flows from a water inlet to a water outlet of the experiment model box in the water flow channel;
c. the water level in the experimental model box is controlled to rise by a designated water level according to a designated rate on the premise of keeping circulating water flow through the water flow excitation module, and then the water level in the experimental model box is controlled to fall by the designated rate;
d. repeating the steps a-c to enable the water level in the experimental model box to rise and fall at different rates, and simulating the rising and falling of the water level of the hydrodynamic landslide.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: according to the utility model, water flow flowing from one end to the other end is formed in the experimental model box through the water flow excitation module, and the rising or falling of the water level in the experimental model box can be controlled through the water flow excitation module, so that the effect of reproducing the environmental vibration excitation of the water flow of the river to the hydrodynamic landslide is achieved, and the measurement of the natural vibration frequency of the hydrodynamic landslide model under the water flow excitation is realized.
The water flow excitation module comprises a circulating water tank, a first water pump, a second water pump, a water supplementing valve, a water draining valve and a flowmeter, wherein water flow is formed in an experiment model box through the cooperation of the circulating water tank, the first water pump and the second water pump, the water supplementing valve and the flowmeter, the water level of the water flow in the experiment model box is controlled to rise at a certain rate through the cooperation of the circulating water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the water draining valve and the flowmeter, and the water level of the water flow in the experiment model box is controlled to fall at a certain rate through the cooperation of the circulating water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the water draining valve and the flowmeter, so that the effect of the water flow of a river on the environmental vibration excitation of a hydrodynamic landslide is reproduced.
According to the utility model, the liquid level transmitter and the flowmeter are arranged on the circulating water tank, and the filter screens are respectively arranged at the water flow excitation water inlet valve and the water flow excitation water outlet valve of the experiment model box, so that the water in the circulating water tank is not polluted by soil after landslide, the accuracy of the liquid level transmitter and the flowmeter is improved, and the control precision of each process of landslide experiment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus in the example.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of water pump connection and water circulation in an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a screen mounting position in an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a vibration pickup assembly according to an embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an X-axis direction spectrum measured by a vibration pickup of a landslide model without excitation by water flow in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a Y-axis spectrum measured by a vibration pickup of a landslide model without excitation by water flow in an embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a Z-axis direction spectrum measured by a vibration pickup of a landslide model without excitation by water flow in the embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an X-axis direction spectrum measured by a vibration pickup of a water flow excited downslope model in an embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a Y-axis direction spectrum measured by a vibration pickup of a water flow excited downhill landslide model according to an embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a Z-axis direction spectrum measured by a vibration pickup of a water flow excited downhill landslide model according to an embodiment.
In the figure: 1. an experimental model box; 101. a landslide body; 102. a vibration pickup; 103. the water flow excites the water inlet valve; 104. the water flow excites the water outlet valve; 105. a first drain port; 106. a filter screen; 2. a circulation water tank; 201. a circulating water inlet valve; 202. a circulating water outlet valve; 203. a water replenishing valve; 204. a drain valve; 205. a flow meter; 206. a second drain port; 301. a first water pump; 302. a second water pump; 303. damping foam; 4. a camera; 5. a level transmitter.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment is an experimental device for measuring the natural frequency of a hydrodynamic landslide model, and the experimental device comprises an experimental model box 1, a vibration pickup 102, a camera 4, a water flow excitation module, a controller and the like.
In this example, the experimental model box 1 is a rectangular box body placed horizontally, the upper end of the box body is opened, a landslide body 101 is piled up in the box body, and a water passing channel is formed in the box body and outside the slope surface of the landslide body. In this example, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the experimental model box 1, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively positioned at two ends of the water channel in the first direction, and the first direction is horizontal and parallel to the slope surface of the landslide body.
The water flow excitation module in this embodiment has a circulation water tank 2, a first water pump 301, a second water pump 302, and the like, wherein the circulation water tank 2 is a rectangular tank body placed horizontally, and an upper end is opened. The water inlet end of the first water pump is communicated with the circulating water tank 2 through a pipeline and the circulating water outlet valve 202, and the water outlet end of the first water pump is communicated with the water inlet of the experimental model box 1 through a pipeline and the water flow excitation water inlet valve 103; the water inlet end of the second water pump is communicated with the experimental model box 1 through a pipeline and a water flow excitation water outlet valve 104, and the water outlet end of the second water pump is communicated with the circulating water tank 2 through a pipeline and a circulating water inlet valve 201.
In this example, circulating water flow is formed between the experiment model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2 through the first water pump 301, the second water pump 302 and the like, effluent of the circulating water tank 2 is sent into the experiment model box 1 through the first water pump 301, and then returns to the circulating water tank 2 through a water passing channel in the experiment model box 1 and the second water pump 302, so that circulating water flow, namely water flow excitation of hydrodynamic landslide, is formed between the experiment model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2 (see fig. 2).
In this example, a water replenishing valve 203 and a water draining valve 204 are installed on the circulating water tank 2, wherein the water replenishing valve 203 is communicated with an experiment water source through a pipeline and a flowmeter 205, and the water draining valve 204 is communicated with a drain through the pipeline and the flowmeter 205. In this embodiment, the flowmeter 205 is integrated with a fine tuning knob, and the fine tuning knob can be adjusted to fine tune the flow rate of the water flowing through the flowmeter 205.
In the embodiment, an experiment water source is supplemented into the circulating water tank 2 through the flowmeter 205 and the water supplementing valve 203, the water supplementing flow rate is finely adjusted through a fine adjustment knob, and the water level in the experiment model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2 synchronously rises according to a specified rate by matching with the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302; the circulating water tank 2 drains water through the drain valve 204 and the flowmeter 205, the drain flow rate is finely adjusted through the fine adjustment knob, and the water level in the experimental model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2 synchronously descends according to a specified speed by matching with the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302.
In the embodiment, the bottom surface of the experimental model box and the bottom surface of the circulating water tank are kept at the same horizontal plane, and a liquid level transmitter 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the circulating water tank 2 and used for measuring water level data in the circulating water tank 2.
In this embodiment, a plurality of vibration pickers 102 are disposed on the landslide body 101 for measuring vibration data of the landslide body 101 in real time, the plurality of vibration pickers 102 are disposed on shallow layers at the upper part, the middle part and the bottom of the landslide body 101 respectively, an X axis of each vibration pickup 102 is along a horizontal direction and is consistent with a landslide direction, a Y axis is along a horizontal direction and is consistent with a landslide direction, and a Z axis is along a vertical direction (see fig. 4).
In order to prevent landslide soil particles in the experimental model box 1 from flowing into the circulating water tank 2, the accuracy of the liquid level transmitter 5 and the flowmeter 205 is affected, and the water flow excitation water inlet valve 103 and the water flow excitation water outlet valve 104 are respectively provided with a filter screen 106.
In order to avoid noise from affecting the experimental results, in this embodiment, the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302 are silent water pumps, and damping foam 303 is filled under the first water pump and the second water pump.
In this embodiment, two cameras 4 are disposed at the periphery of the experimental model box 1, and are used for respectively shooting the front and side surfaces of the landslide body 101, and recording the landslide image of the landslide body 101 in the experimental model box 1 in real time.
In this embodiment, the controller is connected with the first water pump 301, the second water pump 302, the water flow excitation water inlet valve 103, the water flow excitation water outlet valve 104, the circulation water inlet valve 201, the circulation water outlet valve 202, the water supplementing valve 203, the water draining valve 204, the fine tuning knob, the vibration pickup 102 and the camera 4 in a circuit manner, and the water level in the experimental model box 1 is controlled to rise or fall according to a specified rate by controlling the first water pump 301, the second water pump 302, the valves, the knob and the like, and monitoring data of the landslide body 101 in the water level rising or falling process are obtained in real time by the vibration pickup 102 and the camera 4.
In this example, the controller uses Large scale particle image measurement (Large scale particle image measurement-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry, LSPIV) to perform landslide displacement analysis and calculation on the image acquired by the camera 4.
To improve the recognition accuracy of LSPIV analysis and calculation, in this embodiment, medium sand is uniformly scattered on the surface position of the landslide body 101.
In the embodiment, a first water drain port 105 is arranged at the bottom of the experiment model box 1 and is used for draining water after the experiment is completed; a second water drain 206 is provided at the bottom of the circulation tank 2 for draining water after the completion of the experiment.
The experimental device-based experimental method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
a. and water is injected into the experimental model box 1 through the water flow excitation module, so that the water level is higher than the water inlet and the water outlet on the experimental model box 1.
Water is put into the experimental model box 1 through the first water pump 301 until the water level in the experimental model box 1 is required to be higher than the water inlet and the water outlet of the experimental model box 1 by a certain height, so that the water flow of the water pump is not enough to idle due to insufficient water pressure.
b. A circulating water flow is formed between the water flow excitation module and the experiment model box 1 through the water flow excitation module, and flows from the water inlet to the water outlet of the experiment model box 1 in the water flow channel.
The first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302 are simultaneously turned on to form a circulating water flow between the experimental model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2, and the circulating water flow flows from one end of the water passage to the other end as an environmental vibration stimulus.
c. The water level in the experimental model box 1 is controlled to rise by a designated water level according to a designated rate on the premise of keeping circulating water flow through the water flow excitation module, and then the water level in the experimental model box 1 is controlled to fall by the designated rate.
Opening the water supplementing valve 203, adjusting the fine tuning knob of the corresponding flowmeter 205, and matching with the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302 to enable the water level in the experimental model box 1 to continuously rise at a specified rate;
when the water level rises to the designated height, the water supplementing valve 203 is closed, the water draining valve 204 is opened, the corresponding flowmeter 205 knob is adjusted, and the water level in the experimental model box 1 continuously drops at the designated speed by matching the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302.
d. Repeating the steps a-c to enable the water level in the experimental model box 1 to rise and fall at different rates, simulating the rising and falling of the water level of the hydrodynamic landslide, and acquiring a plurality of groups of experimental data through the vibration pickup 102 and the camera 4 and storing the experimental data in the controller.
The following is a specific example:
the experimental model box 1 is a horizontally placed rectangular box body, is 2.2 meters long, 1.0 meter wide and 1.2 meters high, is provided with an opening at the upper end, and comprises a landslide body 101 and three vibration pickers 102; the sensitivity of the pickup 102 is 2100 mv.g -1 Acceleration range 50g, vibration signal data of the landslide is continuously measured at the frequency of 1000 Hz. The vibration pickup 102 is respectively arranged at the upper part of the sliding body, the shallow layer depth of the middle part and the bottom is 5cm, the X axis of the vibration pickup 102 is consistent with the direction of the sliding slope along the horizontal direction, the Y axis is consistent with the direction of the sliding slope along the horizontal direction, and the Z axis is along the vertical direction.
The circulating water tank 2 is a rectangular tank body which is horizontally placed, and is 0.5 m long, 0.5 m wide, 0.6 m high and open at the upper end. The bottom surfaces of the experiment model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2 are kept at the same horizontal plane, a liquid level transmitter 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the circulating water tank 2, the measuring range of the liquid level transmitter 5 is 1m, and the precision is 0.25%. The first water pump and the second water pump are both 30W mute variable-frequency water pumps, and damping foam 303 is filled below the water pumps.
The two cameras 4 are 800 ten thousand pixels, and respectively shoot the front face and the side face of the landslide body 101 so as to judge the development stage of the landslide.
5-7, a X, Y, Z axial direction spectrogram calculated for a vibration pickup 10220min of a landslide model under no water flow excitation is obtained, and the natural vibration frequency of the spectrogram cannot be obtained obviously from the spectrogram; 8-10, a X, Y, Z axial direction spectrogram calculated for 10220min of a vibration pickup 10220min of a downhill landslide model excited by water flow can obtain an X-axis direction natural vibration frequency of 10.25399 Hz, a Y-axis direction natural vibration frequency of 10.13184Hz and a Z-axis direction natural vibration frequency of 10.25391Hz, and the device successfully measures the natural vibration frequency of the hydrodynamic landslide model under the excitation of water flow.
The experimental method for measuring the natural frequency of the hydrodynamic landslide model under the excitation of water flow is based on the experimental device and comprises the following steps:
a. and water is injected into the experimental model box 1 through the water flow excitation module, so that the water level is higher than the water inlet and the water outlet on the experimental model box 1.
Water is put into the experimental model box 1 through the first water pump 301 until the water level in the experimental model box 1 is required to be higher than the water inlet and the water outlet of the experimental model box 1 by a certain height, so that the water flow of the water pump is not enough to idle due to insufficient water pressure.
b. A circulating water flow is formed between the water flow excitation module and the experiment model box 1 through the water flow excitation module, and flows from the water inlet to the water outlet of the experiment model box 1 in the water flow channel.
The first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302 are simultaneously turned on to form a circulating water flow between the experimental model box 1 and the circulating water tank 2, and the circulating water flow flows from one end of the water passage to the other end as an environmental vibration stimulus.
c. And (3) controlling the water level in the experiment model box 1 to continuously rise by a designated water level at a speed of 1.86mm/h on the premise of keeping circulating water flow through the water flow excitation module, and continuously falling at a speed of 1.86mm/h in the experiment model box 1, so as to complete a first group of experiments.
Opening the water supplementing valve 203, adjusting the fine tuning knob of the corresponding flowmeter 205, and matching with the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302 to enable the water level in the experimental model box 1 to continuously rise at the speed of 1.86 mm/h;
when the water level rises to the designated height, the water supplementing valve 203 is closed, the water draining valve 204 is opened, the corresponding flowmeter 205 knob is adjusted, and the first water pump 301 and the second water pump 302 are matched, so that the water level in the experimental model box 1 continuously drops at the speed of 1.86 mm/h.
d. Repeating the steps a-c to enable the water level in the experiment model box 1 to rise and fall at the speed of 3.73mm/h, simulating the rising and falling of the water level of the hydrodynamic landslide, and completing a second group of experiments.
Repeating the steps a-c to enable the water level in the experiment model box 1 to rise and fall at the speed of 5.59mm/h, simulating the rising and falling of the water level of the hydrodynamic landslide, and completing a third group of experiments.
Claims (9)
1. An experimental device for measuring natural frequency of hydrodynamic landslide model, which is characterized by comprising:
the experimental model box is internally provided with a landslide body, and a water passing channel is formed on the outer side of the slope surface of the landslide body;
the vibration pickup is arranged on the landslide body and can measure vibration data of the slope surface of the landslide body in real time;
the camera is arranged at the periphery of the experimental model box and can record landslide images of landslide bodies in the experimental model box in real time;
the water flow excitation module can feed water into the experiment model box from a water inlet at one end of the water passing channel, can discharge water from the water outlet at the other end of the water passing channel into the experiment model box, can form water flow flowing from the water inlet of the water passing channel to the water outlet of the water passing channel in the experiment model box, and can control the water level in the experiment model box;
and the controller is in circuit connection with the vibration pickup, the camera and the water flow excitation module.
2. The experimental apparatus for measuring natural frequencies of a hydrodynamic landslide model of claim 1, wherein the water flow excitation module comprises:
the circulating water tank is provided with a water supplementing valve and a water draining valve;
the water inlet end of the first water pump is communicated with the circulating water tank through a pipeline, and the water outlet end of the first water pump is communicated with the experiment model box through a pipeline;
the water inlet end of the second water pump is communicated with the experiment model box through a pipeline, and the water outlet end of the second water pump is communicated with the circulating water tank through a pipeline.
3. The experimental device for measuring natural frequencies of hydrodynamic landslide models of claim 2, wherein: and the flow meters are respectively provided with a flow meter corresponding to the water supplementing valve and the water draining valve, and the flow meters are provided with fine tuning knobs capable of carrying out fine tuning on the flow rate of corresponding water supplementing or water draining.
4. The experimental device for measuring natural frequencies of hydrodynamic landslide models of claim 2, wherein:
a circulating water outlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the circulating water tank and the first water pump, and a water flow excitation water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first water pump and the experimental model box;
and a water flow excitation water outlet valve is arranged between the experimental model box and the second water pump in a management way, and a circulating water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the second water pump and the circulating water tank.
5. The experimental apparatus for measuring the natural frequency of a hydrodynamic landslide model of claim 4, wherein: the water flow excitation water inlet valve and the water flow excitation water outlet valve are respectively provided with a filter screen.
6. The experimental device for measuring natural frequencies of hydrodynamic landslide models of claim 2, wherein: the circulating water tank is internally provided with a liquid level transmitter.
7. The experimental device for measuring natural frequencies of hydrodynamic landslide models of claim 1, wherein: the vibration pickup is respectively arranged on the upper part, the middle part and the shallow layer at the bottom of the landslide body, the X axis of the vibration pickup is consistent with the direction of landslide orientation along the horizontal direction, the Y axis is consistent with the direction of landslide along the horizontal direction, and the Z axis is along the vertical direction.
8. The experimental device for measuring natural frequencies of hydrodynamic landslide models of claim 2, wherein: the first water pump and the second water pump are mute water pumps, and damping foam is filled below the first water pump and the second water pump.
9. The experimental device for measuring natural frequencies of hydrodynamic landslide models of claim 1, wherein: and medium sand is uniformly scattered on the surface of the landslide body.
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