CN220454364U - Solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection - Google Patents
Solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection Download PDFInfo
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- CN220454364U CN220454364U CN202322358082.4U CN202322358082U CN220454364U CN 220454364 U CN220454364 U CN 220454364U CN 202322358082 U CN202322358082 U CN 202322358082U CN 220454364 U CN220454364 U CN 220454364U
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection, which comprises a fan, an inlet valve, an energy storage module and an outlet valve which are sequentially arranged through pipeline connection, wherein the energy storage module comprises a heat preservation shell and an energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit comprises an energy storage unit shell, a temperature measuring element and a solid energy storage and heat exchange medium. The sand and other high temperature resistant solid particles are used as energy storage and heat exchange media. In the energy storage system, high-temperature gas flows into the heat preservation shell from the inlet valve, flows through a gas flow channel formed by a plurality of energy storage units arranged in the heat preservation shell, then flows out of the heat preservation shell from the outlet valve, exchanges heat with an energy storage medium when flowing through the surface of the energy storage unit, stores heat of the high-temperature gas in the energy storage medium, and can exchange heat and utilize through the heat exchange system when needed, and can also be introduced into low-temperature gas to release heat energy. The utility model has the advantages of simple technical requirements, high comprehensive utilization rate of energy, low construction cost, long service life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage and utilization.
Background
Energy storage technologies are mainly divided into three categories: electrochemical energy storage, mechanical energy storage and thermal energy storage. The heat energy storage cost is low, and the energy storage device is suitable for large-scale energy storage. The solid medium heat storage technology has the advantages of high heat storage temperature, high energy storage density, various forms of externally output heat energy and the like; can provide hot air, high-temperature steam and hot water, and can meet the heat utilization requirements of a plurality of industrial and civil fields. Solid dielectric heat storage electric boilers are a relatively common heat storage type heat supply product, which utilize low-valley electric heating heat storage media to release heat to provide steam or hot water in the peak and peak periods of electric prices. Most of the heat exchange systems exchange heat in a heat conduction mode, and adopt a coupling structure of electrothermal alloy and heat storage materials, and electric energy is converted into heat energy through the electrothermal alloy and stored in the energy storage materials, so that the problems that equipment parts are required to be designed independently, the heat storage system is complex in structure, and the heat exchange parts are high in manufacturing cost and difficult to maintain exist. In order to further save the cost, expand the energy storage scale and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy, the design of a heat storage system with simple heat exchange structure, larger heat storage capacity, longer heat storage period, lower cost and longer service life is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a solid medium energy storage system adopting a gas convection heat exchange mode, which has a simple structure, wherein a heat insulation shell is arranged outside the system, a plurality of energy storage units are arranged inside the system, gaps between the energy storage units and the heat insulation shell form a gas flow channel, a fan is used for driving high-temperature gas outside the system to enter the system, and gas heat can be effectively stored in solid particles in a forced convection heat exchange mode, so that sensible heat storage of high-temperature gas is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection comprises an energy storage module 1, an inlet valve 2, an outlet valve 3 and a fan 4, wherein the energy storage module 1 consists of a heat preservation shell 5 and an energy storage unit 6, the energy storage unit 6 comprises an energy storage unit shell 8, solid energy storage and heat exchange medium filled in the energy storage unit shell 8 and a temperature measuring element 7 arranged in the solid energy storage and heat exchange medium; the air outlet of the fan 4 is connected with the inlet valve 2 through a pipeline, the air inlet of the heat-preserving shell 5 is connected with the inlet valve 2 through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the heat-preserving shell 5 is connected with the outlet valve 3 through a pipeline; the energy storage units 6 are arranged and installed inside the heat preservation shell 5, and gas flow channels are formed between adjacent energy storage units 6 and the heat preservation shell 5.
The air inlet of the fan 4 is connected with any device or environment for providing high-temperature gas, or is connected with any device or direct extracting room-temperature gas from the environment, wherein the temperature of the gas is lower than that of the energy storage unit 6, the gas is not flammable in a high-temperature state, the property is relatively stable, the heat preservation shell 5 and the energy storage unit shell 8 are not corrosive, and the gas has a certain specific heat capacity.
The fan 4 is used for pumping the high-temperature gas into the energy storage module 1 through the inlet valve 2 at a pressure and a flow rate which are high enough according to the specific embodiment, and the pressure of the high-temperature gas is required to be enough that the high-temperature gas still has a pressure not less than normal pressure when the high-temperature gas flows out of the energy storage module 1 from the outlet valve 3; the fan 4 needs to be a high-temperature fan, and the highest use temperature of the fan is determined according to the temperature of high-temperature gas used for heat exchange.
The reinforced base 11 is arranged at the bottom of the inside of the heat-insulating shell 5 and is used for supporting the energy storage units 6 at the upper part of the reinforced base 11, and/or the reinforced base 11 is arranged between different energy storage units 6 and used as a supporting or connecting structure, and gaps between rib plates of the reinforced base are used as gas flow channels, so that gas can continue flowing.
The heat-insulating shell 5 is made of a plurality of layers of heat-insulating materials or adopts a composite heat-insulating structure coated with heat-insulating fireproof coatings, and the heat-insulating materials comprise one or more of rock wool, glass wool, aluminum silicate, rubber and polyurethane.
The number of the air inlet and the air outlet of the heat preservation shell 5 is one or more, the shape of the air inlet and the air outlet depends on a gas flow channel formed by the heat preservation shell 5 and the energy storage unit 6, and the positions of the air inlet and the air outlet need to enable high-temperature gas to fully flow in the flow channel as much as possible, so that the heat exchange area of the high-temperature gas and the energy storage unit 6 is maximized.
The arrangement or non-arrangement of fins 9 parallel to the flow direction of the air flow on the outer surface of the energy storage unit housing 8 is determined according to the size of the heat exchanging area caused by the shape of the energy storage module 1 and its internal energy storage unit 6.
The energy storage unit housing 8 is made of metal; the fins 9 are made of the same material as the energy storage unit housing 8 or made of a metal having good weldability with the material of the energy storage unit housing 8.
The energy storage unit shell 8 is a closed shell, and a certain gap is reserved inside the energy storage unit shell 8 when the solid energy storage and heat exchange medium is filled in the energy storage unit shell 8.
The solid energy storage and heat exchange medium is selected from high temperature resistant solid particles, and the high temperature resistant solid particles comprise any one or a mixture of a plurality of sand, magnesia particles, alumina particles, aluminum silicate particles, ceramic particles, clay particles, silicon carbide particles and carbon particles.
The solid energy storage and heat exchange medium further comprises a composite high-temperature-resistant solid heat storage medium formed by adding various phase change materials or metal powder into the high-temperature-resistant solid particles, wherein the phase change materials comprise any one or a mixture of a plurality of silicon-aluminum alloy particles, lead-tin alloy particles, carbonate and chloride, and the metal powder comprises aluminum powder, copper powder or iron powder.
The energy storage system consists of one or more energy storage modules 1, the plurality of energy storage modules 1 are connected, the sizes and the shapes of the plurality of energy storage modules 1 are the same or different, and the arrangement mode of the plurality of energy storage modules 1 is changed according to specific application scenes.
According to the working method of the solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection, during energy storage, an air inlet of the fan 4 is connected with a device or environment for optionally providing high-temperature gas through a pipeline, high-temperature gas with certain pressure and flow rate generated at an air outlet of the fan 4 is introduced into the heat preservation shell 5 through the inlet valve 2, the flow rate of the high-temperature gas is regulated through the fan 4, the high-temperature gas performs forced convection heat exchange between a gas flow channel formed by the heat preservation shell 5 and the energy storage unit 6, the high-temperature gas flows out through the outlet valve 3 from an air outlet of the heat preservation shell 5 after heat exchange, the heat of the gas is stored in solid energy storage and heat exchange medium, the temperature of the solid energy storage and the heat exchange medium rises, and the stored heat is stored in the heat preservation shell 5 for a long time;
when energy is released, the air inlet of the fan 4 is connected with a device which is capable of providing gas with the temperature lower than the temperature of the energy storage unit 6 at will or directly extracts room temperature gas from the environment, the gas with certain pressure and flow rate generated by the fan 4 is introduced into the air inlet of the heat preservation shell 5 through the inlet valve 2, the flow rate of the gas is regulated through the fan 4, the gas exchanges heat with solid energy storage and heat exchange medium in a forced convection way between the flow channel formed by the heat preservation shell 5 and the energy storage unit 6, the gas is changed into high temperature gas after absorbing heat and flows out through the outlet valve 3 from the air outlet of the heat preservation shell 5, the high temperature gas enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with fluid or is applied to occasions requiring the high temperature gas, the temperature of the solid heat storage medium is reduced, and the stored heat is taken out.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the system has the same heat exchange flow channel in the energy storage and release processes, the structure is much simpler than a solid medium energy storage system utilizing electrothermal alloy, the later maintenance is convenient, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, and compared with other energy storage systems, the system adopts solid energy storage medium, and the system scale can be expanded according to the heat storage requirement, so the system has the advantage of large heat storage capacity; because the energy consumption component of the system is only a fan, the gas can circularly exchange heat under the action of the fan, so that the system has the advantage of high comprehensive energy utilization rate; the corrosion phenomenon or the movement structure does not exist in the working process of the system, so that the service life is long; because the system has the heat preservation shell with lower coefficient of heat conductivity, the internal energy storage unit has the advantages of simple structure, long heat storage period, low cost, simple manufacture and installation and no inflammability and explosiveness problems.
2. Based on the forced convection heat exchange characteristic, the heat exchange flow channel has a large heat exchange area, and the fins on the shell of the energy storage unit also have a turbulent flow effect, so that the heat exchange efficiency is further enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to one embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an energy storage module with a portion of the insulating housing cut away in the gas convection based solid-medium energy storage system of the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an energy storage unit in the gas convection-based solid-medium energy storage system of the embodiment of fig. 1.
In fig. 1-3: 1-an energy storage module; 2-inlet valve; 3-outlet valve; 4-a fan; 5-a heat-preserving shell; 6-an energy storage unit; 7-a temperature measuring element; 8-an energy storage unit housing; 9-fins.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a semi-cutaway perspective view of an energy storage module in the gas convection based solid-medium energy storage system of the embodiment of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a reinforcing base of the solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection of the embodiment of fig. 4.
In fig. 4-6: 1-an energy storage module; 2-inlet valve; 3-1-outlet valve a; 4-a fan; 5-a heat-preserving shell; 6-an energy storage unit; 7-a temperature measuring element; 10-outlet valve B; 11-a reinforced base.
Detailed Description
The following description of the specific embodiments and processes of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the examples described are some, but not all, examples of the utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
The terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, and the like in the present application are established based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. The drawings are different in the corresponding positional relationship may vary and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, "plurality" means at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection comprises an energy storage module 1, an inlet valve 2, an outlet valve 3 and a fan 4. The system takes high temperature resistant solid particles as energy storage and heat exchange medium, and comprises any one or a mixture of more of sand, magnesia particles, alumina particles, aluminum silicate particles, ceramic particles, clay particles, silicon carbide particles and carbon particles, wherein the theoretical maximum heat storage temperature range is 600-1000 ℃. The energy storage and heat exchange medium can also be a composite solid heat storage medium formed by adding phase change materials or metal powder into high-temperature resistant solid particles, wherein the phase change materials comprise silicon-aluminum alloy particles, lead-tin alloy particles, carbonate or chloride, and the metal powder comprises aluminum powder, copper powder or iron powder. The energy storage module 1 carries out heat exchange in a forced convection heat exchange mode, a plurality of energy storage units 6 which are arranged and installed according to a fixed-interval array are arranged in the energy storage module 1, and a gas flow passage in the energy storage module 1 is formed by the energy storage units 6 and the heat preservation shell 5 together.
The air inlet of the fan 4 can be connected with any device or environment for providing high-temperature gas, and the air outlet of the fan 3 is connected with the inlet valve 2 through a pipeline. The fan 4 is used to pump the hot gas into the energy storage module 1 through the inlet valve 2 at a pressure and flow rate which may be dependent on the specific embodiment, the pressure of the hot gas being such that the hot gas still has a pressure not less than normal pressure when it exits the energy storage module 1 from the outlet valve 3.
The energy storage module 1 is composed of a plurality of energy storage units 6 and a heat preservation shell 5, and the energy storage units 6 are arranged in an array mode according to fixed intervals and are arranged in the heat preservation shell 5. After the fan 4 pumps the high-temperature gas into the energy storage module 1, the energy storage unit shell 8 performs forced convection heat exchange with the high-temperature gas, and high-temperature resistant solid particles are filled in the energy storage unit shell 8 and used for storing heat of the high-temperature gas.
The shape of the energy storage module 1 and the energy storage unit 6 is cuboid, the energy storage unit 6 is fixed on a heat preservation shell (5) of the energy storage module 1 in a staggered mode up and down so as to form a gas flow channel, round holes are respectively formed in two sides of the heat preservation shell 5 and used for installing pipelines for connecting an inlet valve 2 and an outlet valve 3, the inlet valve 2 is connected with an air outlet of the fan 4 through the pipelines, a plurality of energy storage units 6 with the same height are arranged inside the energy storage module 1, the energy storage units 6 are composed of temperature measuring elements 7, energy storage unit shells 8, fins 9 and solid energy storage and heat exchange media, and the fins 9 transversely distributed along the gas flow direction are distributed on the outer surface of the energy storage unit shells 8.
The fins 9 are mainly used for increasing heat exchange area and turbulent flow, and after the high-temperature gas is pumped into the energy storage module 1 by the fan 4, the gas flows along a gas flow channel inside the energy storage module 1 and exchanges heat.
The temperature measuring element 7 is installed at the volume center of the energy storage unit 6 and is used for measuring the temperature of the solid heat storage medium inside the energy storage unit 6, and a temperature signal is fed back to the outside of the energy storage module 1 through circuit connection.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4-6, the present embodiment proposes that the energy storage module 1 is cylindrical in shape, the internal energy storage unit 6 is cylindrical in shape, and the plurality of energy storage units 6 are different in size, and the number and size of the energy storage units 6 can be selected according to the size of the energy storage module 1.
The energy storage module 1 is composed of a plurality of energy storage units 6 and a heat preservation shell 5, a round hole is formed in the center of the bottom of the heat preservation shell 5 and used for installing a pipeline connected with the inlet valve 2, and two symmetrical round holes are formed in the position, close to the bottom, of the cylindrical surface of the heat preservation shell 5 and used for installing a pipeline connected with the outlet valve A3-1 and the outlet valve B10.
Two flow passage pipelines for leading out gas are arranged at the bottom of the outermost energy storage unit 6 inside the energy storage module 1, correspond to two round holes at the bottom of the cylindrical surface of the heat preservation shell 5 and are used for leading out the high-temperature gas after heat exchange from the energy storage module 1.
The reinforced base 11 is arranged at the bottom of the inside of the heat preservation shell 5 and is used for supporting the energy storage unit 6 at the upper side of the reinforced base 11, and gaps among rib plates of the reinforced base can be used as gas flow channels, so that gas can continue flowing.
In this embodiment, the energy storage unit 6 is composed of the temperature measuring element 7, the energy storage unit housing 8 and the internal solid energy storage and heat exchange medium, and since the cross section of the gas flow channel is circular, compared with the heat exchange area of embodiment 1, the heat exchange area of embodiment 2 is larger than that of the heat exchange area of embodiment 1 under the same volume of the energy storage module, so that fins arranged outside the energy storage unit housing 8 along the gas flow direction are omitted, and further increase of construction cost is caused by arranging fins outside the cylindrical energy storage unit housing 8 of embodiment 2.
In this embodiment, the installation positions and the number of the reinforced bases 11 installed inside the heat-insulating housing 5 are not fixed, the installation positions can be at the bottom of the heat-insulating housing 5, and also can be installed between different energy storage units 6 to serve as supporting structures, the installation number can be 1 or a plurality, and the size and the shape of the reinforced bases 11 can be changed according to specific installation positions.
The fan 4 pumps in high-temperature gas from a central pipeline at the bottom of the energy storage module 1, the energy storage unit shell 8 performs forced convection heat exchange with the high-temperature gas, and high-temperature-resistant solid particles are filled in the energy storage unit shell 8 and used for storing heat of the high-temperature gas.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the thermal insulation housing 5 is made of thermal insulation material comprising one or more of rock wool, glass wool, aluminium silicate, rubber, polyurethane. In addition, the heat-insulating housing 5 also comprises a composite heat-insulating structure made of a plurality of layers of heat-insulating materials or coated with heat-insulating fireproof coatings.
In the embodiment of the present utility model, the design parameters of the blower 4 are selected according to the high temperature gas source, the energy storage module structure and the gas flow passage structure of the specific embodiment. The working gas of the fan 4 can be air or carbon dioxide which has no combustibility in a high-temperature state, has relatively stable property, has no corrosiveness to the heat preservation shell 5 and the energy storage unit shell 8, and has a certain specific heat capacity.
In the embodiment of the present utility model, the maximum operating temperature of the temperature measuring element 7 should be close to the gas temperature of the high temperature gas source.
In the embodiment of the present utility model, the shape and structure of the energy storage module 1 can be freely designed, the heat-insulating housing 5 should have a certain bearing capacity for bearing the weight of the plurality of energy storage units 6, and the material of the energy storage unit housing 8 needs to be made of metal with a larger heat conductivity coefficient, better high temperature strength and higher creep strength.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, the energy storage system may be composed of one or more energy storage modules 1, where the plurality of energy storage modules 1 may be connected, the sizes and shapes of the plurality of energy storage modules 1 may be the same or different, and the arrangement manner of the plurality of energy storage modules 1 may also be changed according to the specific application scenario.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, the inlet and outlet of the insulating housing 5 may be one or more, and the number, location and shape of the inlet and outlet may be determined according to the specific embodiment.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, the reinforced base 11 may be installed inside the heat insulation housing 5, the installation positions and the number may be determined according to the specific embodiments, the installation positions may be at the bottom of the heat insulation housing 5, or may be installed between different energy storage units 6 to be used as a supporting or connecting structure, and the shapes and the sizes of the different reinforced bases 11 may be changed according to different installation positions.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, the fins 9 and the energy storage unit housing 8 may be made of the same material, and the fins 9 may be made of other metals having good welding performance with the material of the energy storage unit housing 8, having a larger heat conductivity coefficient, better high temperature strength, and higher creep strength.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, the fins 9 should be arranged along the gas flow direction, so as to reduce the gas flow resistance and have a turbulent flow effect, and the geometric parameters of the fins 9 may be designed according to the flow channel shape of the specific embodiment.
In some embodiments of the present utility model, the number, position and shape of the air inlet and the air outlet of the insulation housing 5 may be one or more, which may be determined according to specific embodiments.
The solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection has two working modes of energy storage and energy release.
Taking example 1 as an example, the operation modes of other embodiments are substantially similar to those of example 1, and it is understood by those skilled in the art that the specific operation modes are understood according to the examples.
When the system is in an energy storage mode, the outlet valve 3 is opened firstly, the inlet valve 2 is opened, the fan 4 is started, high-temperature gas from the high Wen Qiyuan is pumped into the energy storage module 1 through the fan 4 and the inlet valve 2, the high-temperature gas flows to an outlet pipeline of the energy storage module 1 in an internal flow channel of the energy storage module 1 and then flows out through the outlet valve 3, meanwhile, whether the system is in the energy storage working mode can be judged according to the indication change of the temperature measuring element 7, the flow and the pressure of the high-temperature gas can be directly regulated and controlled through the fan, and the heat exchange efficiency of the high-temperature gas can be improved by reasonably regulating the flow and the pressure. The above is the energy storage mode of the system.
When the system is in the energy release mode, the outlet valve 3 is opened firstly, then the inlet valve 2 is opened, the fan 4 is started, normal-temperature gas is pumped into the energy storage module 1 through the fan 4 and the inlet valve 2, the normal-temperature gas flows to an outlet pipeline of the energy storage module 1 in a runner inside the energy storage module 1 and then flows out through the outlet valve 3, and at the moment, the normal-temperature gas is heated to high temperature and can enter other devices needing to use the high-temperature gas for heat exchange. Whether the system is in the energy release working mode can be judged according to the indication change of the temperature measuring element 7, the flow and the pressure of the high-temperature gas can be directly regulated and controlled through the fan, and the heat exchange efficiency of the high-temperature gas can be improved by reasonably regulating the flow and the pressure. The above is the energy release mode of the system.
The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection can continuously release energy and store energy, and generally, when energy is continuously released, the temperature of gas which is introduced into the energy storage module 1 for heat exchange every time is lower than the indication number of the temperature measuring element 7, and if the temperature of the gas which is introduced into the energy storage module 1 is higher than the indication number of the temperature measuring element 7, the system is switched into an energy storage mode.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, and various modifications and variations of the present utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (12)
1. The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection is characterized by comprising an energy storage module (1), an inlet valve (2), an outlet valve (3) and a fan (4), wherein the energy storage module (1) consists of a heat preservation shell (5) and an energy storage unit (6), the energy storage unit (6) comprises an energy storage unit shell (8), solid energy storage and heat exchange medium filled in the energy storage unit shell (8) and a temperature measuring element (7) arranged in the solid energy storage and heat exchange medium; the air outlet of the fan (4) is connected with the inlet valve (2) through a pipeline, the air inlet of the heat-insulating shell (5) is connected with the inlet valve (2) through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the heat-insulating shell (5) is connected with the outlet valve (3) through a pipeline; the energy storage units (6) are arranged and installed inside the heat preservation shell (5), and gas flow channels are formed between adjacent energy storage units (6) and the heat preservation shell (5).
2. The solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet of the fan (4) is connected with any device or environment for providing high-temperature gas or is connected with any device or directly extracting room-temperature gas from the environment, wherein the gas is of a type which has no flammability in a high-temperature state and has relatively stable properties, has no corrosiveness to the heat-insulating shell (5) and the energy storage unit shell (8) and has a certain specific heat capacity.
3. The gas convection based solid medium energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan (4) is adapted to pump the high temperature gas into the energy storage module (1) through the inlet valve (2) at a pressure and flow rate which are, depending on the embodiment, sufficient for the high temperature gas to still have a pressure not less than normal pressure when flowing out of the energy storage module (1) from the outlet valve (3); the fan (4) needs to be a high-temperature fan, and the highest use temperature of the fan is determined according to the temperature of high-temperature gas used for heat exchange.
4. The solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, wherein a reinforced base (11) is installed at the bottom inside the heat-insulating shell (5) and is used for supporting the energy storage units (6) at the upper part of the reinforced base (11), and/or the reinforced base (11) is installed between different energy storage units (6) as a supporting or connecting structure, and gaps between rib plates of the reinforced base are used as gas flow channels, so that gas can continue flowing.
5. The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat insulation shell (5) is made of a multi-layer heat insulation material or adopts a composite heat insulation structure coated with heat insulation refractory coating, wherein the heat insulation material comprises one or more of rock wool, glass wool, aluminum silicate, rubber and polyurethane.
6. The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, wherein the number of the air inlet and the air outlet of the heat preservation shell (5) is one or more, the shape of the air inlet and the air outlet depends on a gas flow channel formed by the heat preservation shell (5) and the energy storage unit (6), and the positions of the air inlet and the air outlet need to enable high-temperature gas to flow in the flow channel as much as possible so as to maximize the heat exchange area of the high-temperature gas and the energy storage unit (6).
7. The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, characterized in that the fins (9) parallel to the flow direction of the gas flow are arranged or not on the outer surface of the energy storage unit housing (8) depending on the size of the heat exchanging area caused by the shape of the energy storage module (1) and its internal energy storage unit (6).
8. The gas convection based solid medium energy storage system of claim 7, wherein the energy storage unit housing (8) is made of metal; the fins (9) and the energy storage unit shell (8) are made of the same material or made of metal with welding performance matched with that of the energy storage unit shell (8).
9. The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit housing (8) is a closed housing, and the solid energy storage and heat exchange medium leaves a certain gap inside the energy storage unit housing (8) when filled in the energy storage unit housing (8).
10. The solid medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, wherein the solid energy storage and heat exchange medium is selected from refractory solid particles, and the refractory solid particles comprise any one or more of sand, magnesia particles, alumina particles, aluminum silicate particles, ceramic particles, clay particles, silicon carbide particles, and carbon particles.
11. The solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 10, wherein the solid energy storage and heat exchange medium further comprises a composite high-temperature-resistant solid heat storage medium formed by adding various phase-change materials or adding metal powder into the high-temperature-resistant solid particles, wherein the phase-change materials comprise any one or a mixture of a plurality of silicon-aluminum alloy particles, lead-tin alloy particles, carbonate and chloride salts, and the metal powder comprises aluminum powder, copper powder or iron powder.
12. The solid-medium energy storage system based on gas convection according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage system is composed of one or more energy storage modules (1), the plurality of energy storage modules (1) are connected, the sizes and the shapes of the plurality of energy storage modules (1) are the same or different, and the arrangement mode of the plurality of energy storage modules (1) is changed according to specific application scenes.
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