CN220450596U - Frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structures - Google Patents
Frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structures Download PDFInfo
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- CN220450596U CN220450596U CN202321838473.XU CN202321838473U CN220450596U CN 220450596 U CN220450596 U CN 220450596U CN 202321838473 U CN202321838473 U CN 202321838473U CN 220450596 U CN220450596 U CN 220450596U
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 148
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structure, which belongs to the technical field of roadbed freezing prevention structures in a plateau meadow region and road side ditch designs, and combines the concepts of performing heat preservation treatment on the roadbed toe and avoiding the roadbed from being damaged by side ditch frost heaving; meanwhile, the clay protection layer is covered on the surface of the slope toe, and under the combined action of the clay protection layer and the gravel exchange layer, the road foundation slope toe structure is effectively subjected to heat preservation and anti-freezing treatment; the utility model can carry out longitudinal drainage on the surface snowfall, rainfall, slope running water and underground water under the ground, and can avoid frost heaving and damage of roadbed slope feet after water flow is gathered; the structure is simple in principle and has great practical value for highway construction in the frost heaving area of the plateau.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of roadbed anti-freezing structures in plateau meadow areas and road side ditch designs, and particularly relates to a heat-insulating and water-draining structure for a toe of a frozen soil area.
Background
In the highland frost heaving area, the highway subgrade is easily damaged by frost heaving, and the heat preservation treatment is also needed to be carried out on the road subgrade slope feet so as to prevent the road subgrade slope feet from freezing and damaging, thereby leading to instability of the road subgrade, further causing damage to the road surface structure and threatening the running safety of vehicles.
When constructing the highway in the plateau frozen soil district, except carrying out heat preservation to the road base and handling, still need in time discharge the water under surface water and the road bed, current drainage structures can appear following problem:
(1) The drainage ditch under the roadbed slope adopts a concrete drainage structure to drain surface water and snow (melting water), so that the concrete rigid material is easy to crack under repeated frost heaving, and particularly after ponding frost heaving at the bottom of the concrete drainage ditch, the frost heaving of the drainage ditch is stronger, and frost heaving cracks can be generated on the side wall of the drainage ditch in soil.
(2) The bottom and the side parts of the drainage ditch are difficult to be free from ponding, the quality of the construction concrete side ditch is difficult to be ensured, so that the side ditch of the roadbed in the season frozen area is easy to damage, the foundation from the side ditch to the slope foot section of the roadbed is saturated, the slope foot is easy to be saturated, frost heaving is easy to be caused, and the slope of the roadbed is induced to be unstable.
(3) The water permeated in the roadbed can not be timely discharged, and the water can be possibly collected to the roadbed slope foot and damaged by frost heaving, so that the roadbed is unstable and damaged.
(4) The existing ecological drainage side ditch is buried with a drain pipe at the bottom for drainage, but the pipeline is easily damaged due to frost heave when the scheme is adopted in a plateau frost heave area.
Therefore, the existing drainage measures are difficult to quickly drain the surface snow, rainfall, slope running water and water in the foundation, so that the water flow is accumulated at the roadbed slope toe, and frost heaving damages the roadbed slope toe.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the heat-insulating and water-draining structure for the toe of the frozen soil area, which can effectively and rapidly drain the snow, rainfall and slope running water on the earth surface and water in the foundation, and prevent the water flow from accumulating at the toe of the roadbed and the toe of the roadbed from being damaged by frost heaving.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a heat-preservation drainage structure for a toe of a frozen soil area comprises a roadbed;
the roadbed is paved on a foundation base surface; the surface of a slope toe formed by the roadbed and the foundation base surface is covered with a clay protective layer;
a mattress layer and a gravel exchange layer are sequentially paved between the roadbed and the foundation base surface;
the gravel replacement layer is communicated with the side ditch body on the foundation base surface, and the side ditch body is paved with the drainage layer.
Further, the drainage layer comprises a fine gravel water-permeable cushion layer paved on the foundation base surface, and a coarse gravel water-permeable cushion layer and a meadow soil layer are paved on the fine gravel water-permeable cushion layer in sequence.
Further, water permeable geotextile is arranged between the fine sand gravel water permeable cushion layer and two adjacent layers of the meadow soil layer.
Further, meadows are transplanted on the surface of the meadow soil layer.
Further, an impermeable geotextile is laid between the fine sand gravel water-permeable cushion layer and the foundation base surface.
Further, the number of the impermeable geotextiles is set to 2 layers.
Further, the fine gravel water-permeable cushion layer and the coarse gravel water-permeable cushion layer extend to one side of the side ditch body, which is away from the roadbed, along the transverse direction, and the transverse direction extending distance is 1m.
Further, an impermeable geotextile is paved between the surface of the roadbed slope toe and the clay protective layer.
Further, the width of the top surface of the side ditch body ranges from 1.5m to 1.8m.
Further, the gravel pack was set to 80cm in thickness.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the utility model provides a frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structure, which combines the concept of heat preservation treatment on roadbed toe and avoiding frost heaving of side ditch to damage roadbed, adopts the steps of paving a mattress layer and a gravel exchange filling layer between the roadbed and a foundation base surface in sequence, communicating the gravel exchange filling layer with a side ditch body provided with a drainage layer, and draining water in the roadbed to the side ditch body; meanwhile, the clay protection layer is covered on the surface of the slope toe, and under the combined action of the clay protection layer and the gravel exchange layer, the road foundation slope toe structure is effectively subjected to heat preservation and anti-freezing treatment; the utility model can carry out longitudinal drainage on the surface snowfall, rainfall, slope running water and underground water under the ground, and can avoid frost heaving and damage of roadbed slope feet after water flow is gathered. The structure is simple in principle and has great practical value for highway construction in the frost heaving area of the plateau.
Preferably, the drainage layer comprises a fine sand gravel water-permeable cushion layer, a coarse sand gravel water-permeable cushion layer and a meadow soil layer which are paved in sequence from bottom to top; therefore, the side ditch and the natural soil layer can be in transition, so that the side ditch is protected from frost heaving damage caused by accumulation of water flow in the soil layer at the edge.
Further preferably, the water permeable geotextile is arranged between the fine sand gravel water permeable cushion layer and the coarse sand gravel water permeable cushion layer and between the coarse sand gravel water permeable cushion layer and the meadow soil layer, so that the water permeable geotextile can reduce that soil on the meadow layer enters into the gravel water permeable cushion layer to affect drainage efficiency, and meanwhile, redundant water on the meadow soil layer can be infiltrated downwards to the coarse sand gravel water permeable cushion layer and the fine sand gravel water permeable cushion layer.
Preferably, the meadow is transplanted on the surface of the meadow soil layer, so that the meadow can be naturally drained, frozen and swelled naturally and can absorb a part of water as the meadow is paved on the surface of the meadow soil layer.
Preferably, by laying an impermeable geotextile between the fine grit water permeable mat layer and the base surface of the foundation, the continued downward penetration of water can be reduced, resulting in the occurrence of soft foundations.
Further preferably, the number of the impermeable geotextiles is set to 2 layers, which has an advantage in that the waterproof effect is poor when the number of the impermeable geotextiles is less than 2 layers. When the number of the impermeable geotextiles is more than 2 layers, the construction cost can be increased after the waterproof condition is met.
Preferably, the fine grit water permeable underlayment and the coarse grit water permeable underlayment are laterally extended to a side of the gutter body facing away from the subgrade, thus enhancing drainage penetration.
Preferably, an impermeable geotextile is paved between the surface of the slope toe of the roadbed and the clay protective layer to prevent water flow from penetrating into the roadbed.
Preferably, the width of the top surface of the side ditch body ranges from 1.5m to 1.8m, so that the problems of potential traffic safety hazards and construction cost are effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal insulation drainage structure for a toe of a frozen soil area according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a thermal insulation drainage structure for a toe of a frozen soil area according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Reference numerals:
roadbed-1; a clay protective layer-2; a mattress layer-3; gravel pack-4; foundation base surface-5; impermeable geotextile-6; fine sand gravel water permeable cushion layer-7; coarse sand gravel water permeable cushion layer-8; water permeable geotextile-9; meadow soil layer-10; meadow-11.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a permafrost region toe heat preservation drainage structure, which comprises a roadbed 1; the roadbed 1 is paved on a foundation base surface 5; the surface of a slope toe formed by the roadbed 1 and the foundation base surface 5 is covered with a clay protection layer 2; a mattress layer 3 and a gravel exchange layer 4 are sequentially paved between the roadbed 1 and the foundation base surface 5; the gravel exchange layer 4 is communicated with the side ditch body on the foundation base surface 5, a drainage layer is paved on the side ditch body, and the thickness of the gravel exchange layer 4 is set to be 80cm.
The drainage layer comprises a fine gravel permeable pad layer 7 paved on a foundation base surface 5, and a coarse gravel permeable pad layer 8 and a meadow soil layer 10 are paved on the fine gravel permeable pad layer 7 in sequence, so that a side ditch and a natural soil layer can be transited, and the side ditch is protected from frost heaving damage caused by accumulation of water flow in the side ditch.
The fine sand gravel permeable cushion layer 7 and the coarse sand gravel permeable cushion layer 8 are provided with the permeable geotechnical cloth 9 therebetween, and the coarse sand gravel permeable cushion layer 8 and the meadow soil layer 10 are provided with the permeable geotechnical cloth 9 therebetween, so that the influence of the soil on the meadow layer on the drainage efficiency caused by the sand entering into the gravel permeable cushion layer can be reduced, and meanwhile, the redundant water on the meadow soil layer 10 can be downwards permeated into the coarse sand gravel permeable cushion layer 8 and the fine sand gravel permeable cushion layer 7.
The meadow 11 is transplanted on the surface of the meadow soil layer 10, so that the meadow 11 can naturally drain water and naturally frost heave and can absorb a part of water as the meadow 11 is paved on the surface of the meadow soil layer 10.
An impermeable geotextile 6 is paved between the fine sand gravel permeable cushion 7 and the foundation base surface 5, so that the condition that water continuously permeates downwards to cause the roadbed to be soft can be reduced.
And, when the prevention of seepage geotechnical cloth quantity is less than 2 layers, the water-proof effect is poor. When the number of the anti-seepage geotechnical cloth is more than 2 layers, the construction cost can be increased after the waterproof condition is met, and the number of the anti-seepage geotechnical cloth 6 is set to be 2 layers.
The fine grit water-permeable underlayment 7 and the coarse grit water-permeable underlayment 8 extend transversely to the side of the gutter body facing away from the subgrade 1 and have a transverse extension distance of 1m.
And an impermeable geotextile is paved between the surface of the slope toe of the roadbed 1 and the clay protective layer 2, so that water flow can be prevented from penetrating into the roadbed.
The width of the top surface of the side ditch body is 1.5-1.8 m in consideration of traffic safety hidden trouble and construction cost.
The present utility model will be further described with reference to the following embodiments of the utility model and the accompanying drawings, wherein, of course, the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the utility model.
Examples
In order to solve the problems of surface snowfall, rainfall, slope running water and underground water drainage, accumulated water is drained, and frost heaving and damage of roadbed toe after water flow aggregation are prevented, the embodiment provides a frost soil region toe heat-insulating drainage structure, which can prevent water flow from penetrating into roadbed, so that water is aggregated at the roadbed toe, and the roadbed toe is damaged due to the influence of plateau frost heaving, so that the roadbed is instable and damaged. The embodiment comprises a roadbed 1, a clay protective layer 2, a mattress layer 3, a gravel replacement layer 4, a foundation base surface 5, an impermeable geotextile 6, a fine gravel permeable pad layer 7, a coarse gravel permeable pad layer 8, a permeable geotextile 9, a meadow soil layer 10 and a meadow 11; the specific structure is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, a mattress layer 3 is disposed at the lower portion in a roadbed 1, a gravel pack layer 4 is disposed under the mattress layer 3, and a clay protective layer 2 is covered on the surface of the toe of the roadbed 1. The meadow soil layer 10 is arranged above the coarse gravel water-permeable cushion layer 8, and the coarse gravel water-permeable cushion layer 8 is arranged on the fine gravel water-permeable cushion layer 7. A part of the gravel pack 8 and the fine gravel pack 7 are transversely disposed in the gravel pack 4 for guiding groundwater under the road surface, while the gravel pack 8 and the fine gravel pack 7 face the other side 1m of the side ditch (side ditch body) and the meadow soil layer 10 is laid thereon. The surface snow, rainfall and slope running water penetrate downwards through the meadow soil layer 10 and are discharged through the coarse gravel water-permeable cushion layer 8 and the fine gravel water-permeable cushion layer 7, and underground water is connected with the coarse gravel water-permeable cushion layer 8 and the fine gravel water-permeable cushion layer 7 through the gravel exchange and filling layer 4 and is guided to be discharged.
It should be noted that if the width of the top surface of the side ditch body is smaller than 1.5m, the whole volume of the side ditch body is reduced, so that the water seepage amount of the side ditch body is affected, the water seepage amount of the side ditch body is lower than a normal value, and the drainage capacity of the whole side ditch body is affected; if the width of the top surface of the side ditch body is larger than 1.8m, the occupied volume of the side ditch body is overlarge, the corresponding road surface is narrower, wheels are easy to sink into the side ditch when vehicles meet, traffic accidents occur, potential traffic safety hazards exist, and the construction cost is overlarge. Therefore, the width of the top surface of the gutter body is preferably set to a range of 1.5m to 1.8m. In this embodiment, the width of the top surface of the gutter body employed is 1.5m.
In order to reduce the interference of the meadow soil layer 10 on the coarse sand gravel permeable cushion layer 8 and the fine sand gravel permeable cushion layer 7, a permeable geotechnical cloth 9 is arranged between the meadow soil layer 10 and the coarse sand gravel permeable cushion layer 8, and the permeable geotechnical cloth 9 can also reduce the entry of soil of the meadow soil layer 10 into the coarse sand gravel permeable cushion layer 8 and the fine sand gravel permeable cushion layer 7 under the condition of meeting the downward permeation of surface snow, rainfall and slope running water, so that the blockage is avoided.
The impermeable geotechnical cloth 6 is arranged below the fine gravel permeable cushion layer 7, and the impermeable geotechnical cloth is used for preventing water flow from continuing to permeate downwards to cause the condition that the foundation is soft, in the embodiment, the number of layers of the impermeable geotechnical cloth 6 is 2, and the construction cost is controlled under the condition that the impermeable condition is met.
Correspondingly, in the scheme, the construction process of the structural design of the permafrost region toe heat-insulation drainage structure corresponds to the following steps:
s1, construction preparation, specifically: clay, crushed stone, coarse sand gravel, fine sand gravel, meadow soil, meadow 11, impermeable geotextile 6 and permeable geotextile 9 are prepared.
S2, replacing and filling the roadbed 1, wherein the roadbed 1 is specifically as follows: and (3) carrying out replacement treatment on the soil layer at the bottom of the roadbed 1 to form a gravel replacement layer 4, and removing a thickened gravel layer in the road shoulder range.
S3, roadbed construction and toe insulation treatment, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: and paving a mattress layer 3 above the gravel exchange layer 4 subjected to sand gravel exchange and filling to serve as the bottom filler of the roadbed 1, and then completing the construction of other parts of the roadbed on the mattress layer 3. After the construction of the roadbed 1 is completed, an impermeable geotextile 6 is paved on the surface of the slope toe of the roadbed, and clay is used for covering the roadbed as a clay protection layer 2.
S4, excavating and trimming the side ditch body, wherein the excavating and trimming steps are as follows: and (3) excavating side ditches, collecting side ditches and compacting side ditches on the outer side of the roadbed 1, wherein the side of the side ditches, which is away from the roadbed, is required to be excavated and compacted, the compaction distance is 1m, a foundation base surface 5 is formed, and impermeable geotechnical cloth 6 is paved on the base surface.
S5, paving a side ditch permeable layer and permeable geotextile 9, specifically: the gutter body is connected to the gravel pack 4. Fine gravel is backfilled on the impermeable geotextile 6 on the foundation base surface 5 to form a fine gravel permeable bedding layer 7, permeable geotextile 9 is manually paved on the fine gravel permeable bedding layer 7, coarse gravel is backfilled on the permeable geotextile 9 to be used as a coarse gravel permeable bedding layer 8, and then the permeable geotextile 9 is manually paved on the coarse gravel permeable bedding layer 8.
S6, backfilling a meadow soil layer 10, wherein the backfilling comprises the following steps: and backfilling a meadow soil layer 10 on the permeable geotextile 9 on the coarse gravel permeable cushion layer 8.
S7, green planting and transplanting, specifically: meadow 11 is transplanted on meadow soil 10.
The design principle of the embodiment is as follows: the gravel exchange layer 4 is used for carrying out exchange filling treatment on soft soil of a foundation, the gravel exchange layer 4 is provided with the mattress layer 3, uneven settlement of the foundation is treated, the total thickness of the mattress layer 3 and the clay protective layer 2 on the surface of the slope toe of the roadbed 1 is larger than the local freezing depth, the gravel exchange layer 4 for carrying out heat preservation treatment on the roadbed is connected with a side ditch and is used as a transverse drainage guide channel under the roadbed, water seepage in the roadbed is guided to the side ditch to be discharged, and the ground surface snowfall, rainfall, slope running water and underground water under the ground are discharged through the seepage effect of the meadow soil layer 10, the coarse gravel water permeable mattress layer 8 and the fine gravel water permeable mattress layer 7, so that the problems that the slope toe of the roadbed in a frozen soil area is easily frost-distended and the traditional side ditch is easily influenced by the frost distension of a plateau to be destroyed are solved, and the ecological design concept is simultaneously coordinated with a high-ecology environment.
The embodiment provides a frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structure, has following advantage:
1. the clay protection layer and the mattress layer play a role in heat preservation of the roadbed slope feet, so that the roadbed slope feet are prevented from being frozen and damaged.
2. An impermeable geotextile is arranged between the slope surface of the roadbed and the clay protection layer to prevent water flow from penetrating into the roadbed.
3. The gravel replacement layer is arranged below the roadbed and can be used as a transverse guide channel for guiding out groundwater under the road surface, so that the groundwater under the ground can be ensured to be transversely discharged to the anti-freezing ecological side ditch, and the gravel replacement layer is discharged from the coarse and fine gravel layers at the bottom of the side ditch, so that water flow aggregation frost heave can be prevented, and roadbed slope feet are damaged.
4. The application of concrete in side ditches is reduced, and the damage to the concrete structure due to frost heaving is prevented.
5. The meadow is arranged on the surface of the side ditch, can naturally drain water, naturally frost heaving and can absorb a part of water.
6. The method for draining the water by using the coarse sand gravel water-permeable cushion layer and the fine sand gravel water-permeable cushion layer is abandoned, and the condition that the pipelines are damaged due to frost heaving is effectively avoided.
Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present utility model is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments and application fields, which are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may make many forms without departing from the scope of the utility model as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The heat-preservation drainage structure for the toe of the frozen soil area is characterized by comprising a roadbed (1);
the roadbed (1) is paved on a foundation base surface (5); the surface of a slope toe formed by the roadbed (1) and the foundation base surface (5) is covered with a clay protective layer (2);
a mattress layer (3) and a gravel exchange layer (4) are sequentially paved between the roadbed (1) and the foundation base surface (5);
the gravel replacement layer (4) is communicated with a side ditch body on the foundation base surface (5), and a drainage layer is paved on the side ditch body.
2. A frozen soil zone toe insulation and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage layer comprises a fine gravel water permeable pad layer (7) paved on the foundation base surface (5), and a coarse gravel water permeable pad layer (8) and a meadow soil layer (10) are paved on the fine gravel water permeable pad layer (7) in sequence.
3. The permafrost region toe heat preservation and drainage structure according to claim 2, wherein water permeable geotextile (9) is arranged between two adjacent layers of the fine sand permeable cushion layer (7), the coarse sand permeable cushion layer (8) and the meadow soil layer (10).
4. The frozen soil region toe heat preservation and drainage structure according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the meadow soil layer (10) is transplanted with a meadow (11).
5. A frozen soil zone toe insulation drainage structure according to claim 2, characterized in that an impermeable geotextile (6) is laid between the fine sand water permeable pad layer (7) and the foundation base surface (5).
6. The frozen soil region toe heat preservation and drainage structure according to claim 5, wherein the number of the impermeable geotextiles (6) is 2.
7. A permafrost region toe insulation and drainage structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the fine gravel water-permeable pad layer (7) and the coarse gravel water-permeable pad layer (8) extend transversely to the side of the side ditch body facing away from the roadbed (1), and the transverse extending distance is 1m.
8. The frozen soil region toe heat preservation and drainage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that an impermeable geotechnical cloth (6) is paved between the surface of the roadbed (1) toe and the clay protective layer (2).
9. The frozen soil region toe heat preservation and drainage structure according to claim 1, wherein the width of the top surface of the side ditch body ranges from 1.5m to 1.8m.
10. A frozen soil zone toe insulation drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the gravel pack (4) is provided with a thickness of 80cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321838473.XU CN220450596U (en) | 2023-07-12 | 2023-07-12 | Frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structures |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321838473.XU CN220450596U (en) | 2023-07-12 | 2023-07-12 | Frozen soil region toe heat preservation drainage structures |
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| CN220450596U true CN220450596U (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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- 2023-07-12 CN CN202321838473.XU patent/CN220450596U/en active Active
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