CN220413278U - CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 Trapping system - Google Patents

CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 Trapping system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220413278U
CN220413278U CN202320333928.6U CN202320333928U CN220413278U CN 220413278 U CN220413278 U CN 220413278U CN 202320333928 U CN202320333928 U CN 202320333928U CN 220413278 U CN220413278 U CN 220413278U
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methanol
low
raw material
liquid
heat exchange
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CN202320333928.6U
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张述伟
严雪青
管凤宝
裴国锋
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Shanghai Shengwei Science & Technology Development Co ltd
Dalian Jiachun Gas Purification Technology Development Co ltd
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Shanghai Shengwei Science & Technology Development Co ltd
Dalian Jiachun Gas Purification Technology Development Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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Abstract

The application provides a CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 A trapping system and. The application takes fossil energy (coal or oil) as raw material to gasify and then generates a large amount of CO for producing chemical products 2 And no longer vents to atmosphere, and the system captures all of it. The trapping system has high efficiency and CO 2 High purity>99.9 percent, the energy consumption of the device system is low. CO removal 2 The system is a low-temperature methanol washing device at the temperature of minus 60 ℃ and contains high-concentration CO 2 The raw material gas is first enriched with methanol (dissolved with CO) 2 ) Removal of sulfides by liquid CO 2 About 40% CO in the raw material gas is used as a refrigerant 2 Condensing liquid CO at high pressure 2 Directly captured, placed in a reservoir or directly utilized. When the feed gas is used to produce synthetic ammonia and further processed to urea, CO 2 For use as urea-producing raw material, liquid CO 2 Recovering cold by reheating gasification, and reducing CO for producing urea 2 Compression energy consumption.

Description

CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 Trapping system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of chemical industry, and in particular relates to CO using fossil energy as a raw material 2 A trapping system.
Background
Fossil energy coal or oil is used as chemical raw material, and gasification products mainly comprise CO and H 2 、CO 2 And a small amount of H 2 S and other synthesis gases, according to different chemical products processed downstream, CO is partially or completely mixed with H 2 Conversion of O to H 2 And CO 2 Thus generating a large amount of CO 2 Must be removed.
At present, the CO can be washed by cold method and low temperature methanol 2 All absorb and are rich in CO 2 After regeneration of the methanol solution, all CO is resolved 2 Only when synthesis gas is used to produce synthetic ammonia and all is processed into urea can 40% of CO be utilized 2 All CO is produced in the process of using synthetic gas in producing industrial hydrogen, synthetic methanol, synthetic olefin, glycol, synthetic oil, synthetic natural gas, synthetic arene or methanol as material 2 And vented to atmosphere. CO has long been available 2 The emission of greenhouse gases seriously affects the temperature of the atmospheric environment, so CCUS (Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage), namely carbon capture, utilization and sealing are proposed; to achieve this, the capture of carbon is first resolved before it can be utilized and sequestered.
Fossil energy, in particular coalThe chemical industry is the chemical industry with high carbon chemical industry and high carbon emission, the active development of carbon trapping technology is urgent, and CO is trapped with high efficiency, high purity and low cost 2 Is pursued by the technicians in the field, and can further set up a safe and reliable total CO trapping device 2 The system.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a method for discharging CO by taking fossil energy as raw material 2 The gas is trapped for easy utilization and sequestration. In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a method for desulfurizing the synthesis gas in the low-temperature methanol washing system, namely using liquid CO 2 As refrigerant, CO with high concentration 2 Part of the water is directly condensed and recycled to occupy CO 2 About 40% of the total amount, can greatly reduce the amount of the catalyst used for absorbing CO 2 The energy consumption is reduced.
CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 A capture system of the CO 2 The trapping system comprises a low-temperature methanol washing device, wherein the low-temperature methanol washing device comprises a device for washing CO in raw material gas 2 Liquefied CO 2 Heat exchange condenser, CO 2 The heat exchange condenser is connected with CO 2 Absorption tower, CO 2 The absorption tower is connected with a methanol solution regeneration device through a low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler, and the methanol solution regeneration device is connected with a device for regenerating CO 2 A liquefied refrigeration device; the CO 2 The heat exchange condenser and the low-temperature methanol washing and cooling device are all liquid CO 2 As a refrigerant.
Optionally, the CO 2 The heat exchange condenser is connected with a feed gas precooler.
Optionally, the CO 2 Liquid CO used as refrigerant in heat exchange condenser and low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler 2 And after heat exchange, the liquid enters a refrigerating device for liquefaction.
Optionally, the CO 2 The capture system also includes CO 2 Reservoir, CO 2 Liquefied CO obtained by liquefying in heat exchange condenser and refrigerating device 2 Entering CO 2 In the reservoir, and CO 2 Liquid CO in a reservoir 2 As coolant to enter CO 2 The heat exchange condenser and the low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler.
Optionally, CO 2 Liquid CO in a reservoir 2 And outputting and storing.
Optionally, the refrigeration device is CO 2 /NH 3 Cascade refrigeration device comprising a device for compressing atmospheric CO 2 Gas cylinder I for compression of high pressure CO 2 A gas II cylinder and a liquid ammonia refrigerator for condensing the compressed CO 2.
Optionally, the methanol solution regeneration device comprises a methanol solution regeneration device which comprises a methanol-rich solution low-pressure desorption system, a methanol-rich solution vacuum desorption system, a methanol-rich solution thermal regeneration system and a vacuum pump; the methanol-rich solution low-pressure desorption system is connected with the No. II cylinder, and the methanol-rich solution vacuum desorption system is connected with the No. I cylinder through the methanol-rich solution thermal regeneration system.
The method of the application can obtain the following beneficial effects:
the utility model provides a method for producing a large amount of CO generated by using fossil energy as raw material (coal or oil), especially using coal chemical industry as an example 2 And no longer vents to atmosphere, and the system captures all of it. Further more optimizing the liquid CO to be recovered 2 When directly used, such as processing synthetic ammonia into urea, can reheat gas under high pressure, not only recover cold energy, but also save CO 2 The compressor can be powered.
The utility model further optimizes the cold supplementing system for low-temperature methanol washing. With liquid CO 2 The refrigerant is used as a refrigerant to replace the conventional liquid ammonia refrigerant so as to meet the operation condition of cold supplement at-40 ℃. It is characterized in that firstly, due to liquid CO 2 The evaporation pressure is high, the molecular weight is far greater than that of ammonia, the investment of the device is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved; secondly, ammonia medium is poisonous, inflammable and explosive, and CO 2 Is inert gas, and improves the safety; thirdly, ammonia is used as a refrigerant, and once the low-temperature heat exchanger leaks, CO is dissolved out from the methanol solution 2 And the ammonium bicarbonate is generated after the ammonium bicarbonate reacts with ammonia, so that equipment and pipelines are blocked and stopped, and production is affected. And by CO 2 Can not occur when used as a refrigerant, and ensures more reliable and stable productionAnd (5) setting. CO of low pressure 0.16MPaGr analyzed by methanol solvent regeneration system 2 (CO 2 >98.5%) and atmospheric CO 2 (CO 2 >99%) no longer vents to atmosphere and is fed to CO 2 /NH 3 Is compressed and liquefied, and the whole liquid CO is captured and sent into the cascade refrigeration system of (2) 2 A reservoir. Small amounts of acid gases (H-containing) discharged from the regeneration system 2 S>30%) sulfur recovery system wherein CO 2 The content is less than 0.5%. Thus can realize the trapping of CO 2 Up to 99.5%.
The utility model further optimizes and ensures the CO discharged by the methanol washing and regenerating system 2 To CO 2 /NH 3 Cascade refrigeration system, step-by-step pressurization by combined refrigeration compressor unit, CO 2 Condensing into liquid state and recovering. Low pressure CO 2 Accounting for 32 percent of the total CO at normal pressure 2 Accounting for 28 percent, adding the CO recovered by direct liquefaction 2 The total recovery rate is more than 99.5%. For the cascade refrigerating unit, ammonia is refrigerated under standard working condition (-15 ℃) with low energy consumption, thus the whole CO 2 /NH 3 The refrigerating unit has high efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of CO from fossil energy of example 1 2 A schematic diagram of a trapping system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low temperature methanol washing apparatus according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a CO provided in example 1 2 /NH 3 The structure of the cascade refrigeration system is schematically shown.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The components and connection relation of the system are shown in figure 1, wherein 1 represents a fossil energy (coal or oil) gas production system, and the system comprises a fossil energy gasification conversion device and a conversion device for adjusting the components of raw gas according to different production chemical products.
CO enriched output from a gas production system 2 The raw material gas of (2) enters the low-temperature methanol washing device through the pre-cooling heat exchanger (8). Wherein the precooling heat exchanger 8 is liquidCO 2 A heat exchanger for evaporating pre-cooled feed gas.
The low-temperature methanol washing device 2 comprises a raw material gas desulfurizing tower and CO 2 Condensing heat exchanger and CO 2 Absorption towers, etc., the specific structure of which can be seen with reference to fig. 2. The raw material gas is desulfurized by a desulfurizing tower, and the desulfurized gas does not enter CO first 2 The absorption tower will contain high concentration CO 2 The synthesis gas (pressure is 4.0-6.5 MPaG) enters into a liquid CO through a desulfurization purified gas cooler 2-2 2 Heat exchanger 2-3 for refrigerant, the total amount of CO is about 40% 2 Direct liquefaction, separated CO 2 Stored in tanks 2-4 (or re-heated for evaporation at high pressure). The rest of CO 2 In CO 2 The absorption tower 2-1 is absorbed by low temperature methanol to form a solution. CO re-entry of synthesis gas 2 The absorption tower can reduce 40% of methanol solvent and save the power consumption of the solution pump with the same quantity.
Recovered CO 2 Into high-pressure gas CO 2 Using system 9: including urea, sodium carbonate or dimethyl carbonate. If the synthesis ammonia from synthesis gas is processed into urea, the separated CO 2 Can be fully utilized and greatly save CO 2 Compression work.
CO absorption 2 The raw gas after the reaction enters a refined synthesis gas utilization system 10, and comprises a device for processing various types of synthesis gas into chemical products. Containing CO 2 The methanol solution is subjected to cold compensation by a low-temperature methanol washing and cooling device 3 and enters a methanol solution regeneration device 4. The low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler 3 comprises 3 to 4 liquid CO 2 As a low temperature heat exchanger for the refrigerant and methanol solution. To ensure the operating condition of the methanol solution at-60 ℃, the solution must be continuously supplemented with cold. At present, the traditional flow is almost to use liquid ammonia for evaporation and cooling, but the temperature required for cooling is-40 ℃, and in actual operation, the evaporation of liquid ammonia at-40 ℃ is negative pressure, which is difficult to meet, especially in summer working conditions, and can only be maintained at-34 ℃ to-36 ℃. One side of the low-temperature heat exchanger is high-pressure methanol solution, and the other side is normal pressure or slightly negative pressure NH 3 When the heat exchanger leaks slightly, the CO overflows from the solution 2 With NH 3 The reaction generates ammonium bicarbonate crystals, which cause blockage and stopping. In addition NH 3 Molecular weight is much smaller than CO 2 And the pressure is very low, which leads to increased investment in the device. The utility model uses liquid CO 2 As a refrigerant, the refrigerant does not generate crystallization even if leaked, and can ensure the cooling supplement of MPaG at-40 ℃ to-50 ℃ and the pressure of 0.9 to 1.0, and evaporated CO 2 CO feeding 2 /NH 3 The compressor unit is liquefied, and the superiority is obvious.
The methanol solution regeneration device 4 comprises a methanol-rich low-pressure desorption system 4-1, a methanol-rich vacuum desorption system 4-2, a methanol-rich thermal regeneration system 4-3 and a vacuum compressor 4-4. Wherein the methanol-rich low pressure desorption system 4-1 analyzes CO of about 0.16MPaG 2 Gas, CO accounting for 32 percent of the total amount 2 Atmospheric CO sent by the methanol-rich vacuum desorption system 4-2 through the methanol-rich thermal regeneration system 4-3 2 Gas, CO accounting for 28 percent of the total amount 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The methanol-rich thermal regeneration system discharges a small amount of CO 2 Is an acid gas of (a) a (c). The two CO streams 2 The gases are respectively sent to a refrigerating device for liquefaction and recovery.
The refrigerating device is CO 2 /NH 3 The cascade refrigeration system is shown in fig. 3. The CO 2 /NH 3 Cascade refrigeration system comprising high pressure CO 2 Liquid separating tank 5-1, low pressure CO 2 Liquid separating tank 5-1, atmospheric CO 2 A liquid separating tank 5-1, a combined compressor unit, etc. 0.16MPaG Low pressure CO 2 0.9 to 1.0MPaG high pressure CO from figure 3 2 Entering a No. II cylinder 5-4, and pressurizing to 2.2-2.4 MPaG through a compressor; atmospheric CO 2 The gas enters a No. I cylinder 5-5 and is independently compressed to 2.2-2.4 MPaG. The No. I cylinder and the No. II cylinder are connected with a compressor driving system 5-7 through a coupling 5-6. CO compressed by No. I cylinder and No. II cylinder 2 Firstly, cooling by using water coolers 5-8 and 5-10; then the liquid ammonia is condensed and evaporated in a liquid ammonia condensing evaporator 5-9, 5-11, liquid ammonia is used as a refrigerant, and CO is evaporated at the temperature of minus 15 DEG C 2 Liquefying and sending to a storage system. The gas ammonia is pressurized by a compressor and is water-cooled for liquefaction and cyclic utilization.
The capture system also includes liquid CO 2 A reservoir 7 for liquefying and recovering CO 2 All are stored by a low-temperature tank, and a small part of liquid CO 2 Entering CO 2 The heat exchange condenser and the low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler are used as refrigerant, and then enter the refrigerating device 5 for recycling.
H 2 S concentration tower discharged with a small amount of CO 2 Acid gas of (2) into acid gas (H) 2 S) a sulfur recovery system 6.
The foregoing description is only a few examples of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application in any way, and although the present application is disclosed in the preferred examples, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art may make some changes or modifications to the disclosed technology without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, and the technical solution is equivalent to the equivalent embodiments.

Claims (4)

1. CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 A capturing system characterized in that the CO 2 The trapping system comprises a low-temperature methanol washing device, wherein the low-temperature methanol washing device comprises a device for washing CO in raw material gas 2 Liquefied CO 2 Heat exchange condenser, CO 2 The heat exchange condenser is connected with CO 2 Absorption tower, CO 2 The absorption tower is connected with a methanol solution regeneration device through a low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler, and the methanol solution regeneration device is connected with a device for regenerating CO 2 A liquefied refrigeration device; the CO 2 The heat exchange condenser and the low-temperature methanol washing and cooling device are all liquid CO 2 As a refrigerant;
the refrigerating device is CO 2 /NH 3 Cascade refrigeration device comprising a device for compressing atmospheric CO 2 Gas cylinder I for compression of high pressure CO 2 Gas cylinder II for compressing CO 2 A condensed liquid ammonia refrigerator;
the methanol solution regeneration device comprises a methanol solution regeneration device which comprises a methanol-rich solution low-pressure desorption system, a methanol-rich solution vacuum desorption system, a methanol-rich solution thermal regeneration system and a vacuum pump; the methanol-rich solution low-pressure desorption system is connected with the No. II cylinder, and the methanol-rich solution vacuum desorption system is connected with the No. I cylinder through the methanol-rich solution thermal regeneration system.
2. The CO according to claim 1 2 A capturing system characterized in that the CO 2 The heat exchange condenser is connected with a feed gas precooler.
3. The CO according to claim 1 2 A capturing system characterized in that the CO 2 Liquid CO used as refrigerant in heat exchange condenser and low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler 2 And after heat exchange, the liquid enters a refrigerating device for liquefaction.
4. The CO according to claim 1 2 A capturing system characterized in that the CO 2 The capture system also includes CO 2 Reservoir, CO 2 Liquefied CO obtained by liquefying in heat exchange condenser and refrigerating device 2 Entering CO 2 In the reservoir, and CO 2 Liquid CO in a reservoir 2 As coolant to enter CO 2 The heat exchange condenser and the low-temperature methanol washing and supplementing cooler.
CN202320333928.6U 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 CO using fossil energy as raw material 2 Trapping system Active CN220413278U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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