CN220398263U - Smoke dust treatment system for calcium carbide furnace under emergency power failure - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a smoke and dust processing system under urgent outage of carbide stove, including the urgent treatment flue and the purification flue that communicate have first evacuation flue and second evacuation flue, first evacuation flue has connected gradually first heat transfer device, first sack cleaner, first net gas fan and chimney. The purifying flue is connected with an air cooling device, a coarse gas fan, a second cloth bag dust remover, a second gas purifying fan and a lime kiln. The emergency treatment flue is provided with a first valve, the purification flue is provided with a second valve, the first exhaust flue is provided with a third valve, the second exhaust flue is provided with a fourth valve, and the third exhaust flue is provided with a fifth valve. The pressure sensor is arranged in the calcium carbide furnace, and the CO concentration detector is arranged in the purifying flue. The application improves the smoke dust treatment efficiency of the calcium carbide furnace under emergency power failure.

Description

Smoke dust treatment system for calcium carbide furnace under emergency power failure

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of calcium carbide production, in particular to a smoke dust treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace.

Background

The calcium carbide is the most basic raw material in chemistry, the flue gas temperature of the calcium carbide furnace generated in the production of the calcium carbide is higher, and besides dust particles, the calcium carbide furnace also contains higher CO and H ₂ If the air is directly emptied, energy is wasted and air is polluted, so that the calcium carbide furnace flue gas is an excellent fuel and chemical raw material, and the calcium carbide furnace flue gas is generally purified and then is conveyed into a combustion device to be used as fuel.

However, after the calcium carbide furnace is overhauled or has emergency power failure, a large amount of air enters the calcium carbide furnace, so that the oxygen content in the smoke of the calcium carbide furnace is gradually increased due to power failure, high-temperature smoke is mixed with a large amount of oxygen, carbon monoxide is combusted to generate carbon dioxide, the concentration of carbon monoxide in the smoke is greatly reduced, the smoke of the calcium carbide furnace at the moment cannot be used as fuel to be recycled, and the smoke of the calcium carbide furnace is discharged directly under the condition.

However, the dust content in the flue gas is large, and the direct discharge can lead to diffusion of black smoke and pollution to the atmosphere, so that the flue gas needs to be discharged after being purified. However, the high-temperature calcium carbide furnace has the advantages that the smoke temperature is too high, the cloth bags in the cloth bag dust remover are directly removed, the dust removal efficiency is reduced, the dust is treated in the mode of cooling firstly and then removing dust at present, under the emergency power-off condition, the treatment of the smoke dust needs to be rapid and accurate, the existing smoke dust treatment system is manually operated, the problem of complex operation is solved, the smoke dust treatment efficiency is low, and the problem of potential safety hazard is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a smoke and dust processing system under urgent outage of carbide stove for solve the above-mentioned problem that mentions among the background art.

The application provides a smoke and dust processing system under carbide stove emergency power off, include: the device comprises a calcium carbide furnace, an emergency treatment flue and a purification flue which are respectively arranged at the top of the calcium carbide furnace.

The emergency treatment flue is also respectively communicated with a first emptying flue and a second emptying flue, and an outlet of the first emptying flue is sequentially connected with a first heat exchange device, a first bag-type dust remover, a first air purifying fan and a chimney.

The purifying flue comprises an air cooling device, a crude gas fan, a second bag-type dust remover, a second gas purifying fan and a lime kiln which are connected in sequence.

The emergency treatment flue is provided with a first valve, the purification flue is provided with a second valve, the first exhaust flue is provided with a third valve, the second exhaust flue is provided with a fourth valve, and the third exhaust flue is provided with a fifth valve.

A pressure sensor is arranged in the calcium carbide furnace, and a CO concentration detector is arranged in the purifying flue.

Optionally, the heat exchange device is a tubular heat exchanger.

The heat exchange device is characterized in that a plurality of heat exchange tubes are axially and parallelly arranged in the heat exchange device, and each heat exchange tube consists of an inlet section, a convergent section, a parallel section and an expansion section which are sequentially arranged.

Optionally, fins are arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube.

Optionally, a baffle plate is arranged on the inner wall of the heat exchange device, and the plane of the plate surface of the baffle plate is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat exchange tube.

Optionally, the first valve and the second valve are blind plate valves.

Optionally, the outlet end of the coarse gas fan is also connected with a cyclone separator.

The flue gas outlet end of the cyclone separator is respectively connected with the first flue gas pipeline and the second flue gas pipeline.

Optionally, ash outlets of the cyclone separator and the bag-type dust collector are communicated with the belt conveyor. The output end of the belt conveyor is provided with an ash collecting bin.

Optionally, the smoke dust treatment system is further connected with a control unit, and the control unit is respectively connected with the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the coarse air blower, the first air purifying blower, the second air purifying blower, the pressure sensor and the CO concentration detector.

The application provides a smoke and dust processing system under urgent outage of carbide stove has realized the high-efficient processing to the smoke and dust under the urgent outage of carbide stove, compares in prior art, has following beneficial effect:

(1) When the calcium carbide furnace is powered off emergently, the smoke dust is firstly emptied through the purification flue, and when the carbon monoxide content in the smoke dust is less than or equal to 5%, the smoke dust is treated through the first emptying flue, so that the potential safety hazard when the smoke dust treatment system operates is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the heat exchange device and the bag-type dust remover are arranged to cool and remove dust, so that the smoke discharged into the air has no pollution to the atmosphere, and has good environmental protection benefit.

(2) By arranging the control unit, the automation degree of the whole smoke dust treatment system is improved, the operation is simple, and the treatment is rapid and efficient.

(3) Through constitute heat exchange tube by import section, convergent section, parallel section and the expansion section that sets gradually, carry out the variation in size to heat exchange tube's cross section for the coolant flow velocity in the heat exchange tube changes, not only makes coolant and the heat exchange volume increase of the smoke and dust in the shell side, and then makes coolant and the heat exchange efficiency increase of smoke and dust, thereby has improved the cooling efficiency of smoke and dust. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the inlet section and the parallel section, the impact force of the cooling medium in the flowing process is buffered, and the safe and stable operation of the whole smoke treatment system is facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a smoke dust treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a heat exchange tube and a fin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a smoke dust treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

reference numerals illustrate:

1: calcium carbide furnace, 3: heat exchange device, 4: first sack cleaner, 5: lime kiln, 6: first air purification fan, 7: cyclone separator, 8: control unit, 9: chimney, 110: pressure sensor, 210: emergency treatment stack, 220: purifying flue, 221: air cooling device, 222: crude gas fan, 223: : second bag-type dust collector, 224: second net gas blower 225: CO concentration detector, 230: first evacuation flue, 240: second exhaust stack, 250: third exhaust stack, 260: ash bin, 310: heat exchange tube, 320: inlet section, 330: tapered section, 340: parallel segment, 350: expansion section, 360: fins, 370: baffle plate, 2101: first valve, 2201: second valve, 2301: third valve, 2401: fourth valve, 2501: and a fifth valve.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, are also within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the present application provides a smoke dust treatment system under emergency power-off of a calcium carbide furnace, including: the device comprises a calcium carbide furnace 1, and an emergency treatment flue 210 and a purification flue 220 which are respectively arranged at the top of the calcium carbide furnace 1.

The emergency treatment flue 210 is also respectively communicated with a first evacuation flue 230 and a second evacuation flue 240, and the outlet of the first evacuation flue 230 is sequentially connected with a first heat exchange device 3, a bag-type dust collector 4, a first clean air fan 6 and a chimney 9.

The purifying flue 220 comprises an air cooling device 221, a coarse air fan 222, a second bag-type dust remover 223, a second air purifying fan 224 and a lime kiln 5 which are sequentially connected, and a third emptying flue 250 is arranged between the second air purifying fan 224 and the lime kiln 5.

The emergency treatment flue 210 is provided with a first valve 2101, the purification flue 220 is provided with a second valve 2201, the first evacuation flue 230 is provided with a third valve 2301, the second evacuation flue 240 is provided with a fourth valve 2401, and the third evacuation flue 250 is provided with a fifth valve 2501.

The calcium carbide furnace 1 is internally provided with a pressure sensor 110, and the purifying flue 220 is internally provided with a CO concentration detector 225.

Specifically, during normal operation of the calcium carbide furnace 1, a great amount of carbon monoxide is contained in smoke dust generated by the calcium carbide furnace, the second valve 2201, the crude gas fan 222 and the second gas purifying fan 224 are opened, and the smoke dust is conveyed to the lime kiln 5 through the purifying flue 220 to be combusted for calcination of limestone. Because the smoke temperature is higher and the dust and other particles are contained in the smoke and dust and cannot be directly used as fuel for combustion, the smoke and dust from the calcium carbide furnace 1 is conveyed to the air cooling device 221 for cooling through the purification flue 220 under the suction of the coarse gas fan 222, the cooled smoke and dust are continuously conveyed to the second bag-type dust remover 223 for dust removal, the dust and other particles in the smoke and dust are removed, the smoke and dust are purified, and finally the smoke and dust are conveyed to the lime kiln 5 through the second clean gas fan 224 to be used as fuel for combustion, heat is provided for the calcination of limestone, the recycling of the calcium carbide furnace smoke is realized, and the heat resource is saved. The air cooling device 221 is an air heat exchanger, and at least one air cooling device 221 and at least one second bag-type dust collector 223 are respectively provided, and a plurality of air cooling devices can be provided according to actual working conditions.

When the calcium carbide furnace 1 works normally, the first valve 2101 and the third valve 2301 are closed, and the fourth valve 2401 is normally open.

When the calcium carbide furnace 1 is in emergency power-off (if maintenance is needed), when the furnace door is required to be opened to replace the furnace gas in the furnace, the oxygen content in the flue gas of the calcium carbide furnace 1 is gradually increased, carbon monoxide in the flue gas burns when meeting oxygen at high temperature, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated in the flue gas, and the concentration of the carbon monoxide is greatly reduced. Simultaneously, the temperature of the flue gas gradually rises and gradually exceeds the working temperature of the second bag-type dust collector 223, and when the carbon monoxide in the flue gas gradually decreases, the oxygen content in the flue gas gradually increases, so that the bag is damaged.

The specific operation is as follows: the pressure sensor 110 is used for detecting the furnace pressure in the calcium carbide furnace 1 in real time, the CO concentration detector 225 is used for detecting the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas entering the purifying flue 220 in real time, and the opening degree of the first valve 2101, the second valve 2201, the third valve 2301 and the fourth valve 2401 and the operating frequency and start-stop of the crude gas blower 222, the first gas cleaning blower 6 and the second gas cleaning blower 224 are controlled according to the pressure and/or the concentration of the CO.

When the emergency power is off, the concentration of the CO detected by the CO concentration detector 225 is greater than 5%, and when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 110 is smaller than the preset pressure value, the frequency of the coarse air fan 222 is controlled to be reduced, the fifth valve 2501 is opened, so that the interior of the purifying flue 220 is kept in a micro negative pressure state, and the smoke dust is cooled by the air cooling device 221, and is discharged by the third discharging flue 250 after being dedusted by the second bag-type dust collector 223. In this process, CO gradually decreases, and when the CO concentration of the CO concentration detector 225 is less than 5%, the third valve 2301 is opened, the fourth valve 2401 is closed, the first valve 2101 is opened, the second valve 2201 is closed finally, and the scrubber 6 is opened.

If the CO concentration is greater than 5%, the first valve 2101 is opened to deliver the flue gas to the first evacuation flue 230: because the purifying flue 220 is a closed flue, and the first emptying flue 230 is close to the outlet of the calcium carbide furnace 1 and is in a non-closed state, so that the oxygen in the purifying flue 220 is much smaller than the oxygen in the first emptying flue 230, and carbon monoxide in the high-temperature flue gas and the oxygen in the first emptying flue 230 can burn or even explode, so that the potential safety hazard is high, when the power is off, and when the pressure in the calcium carbide furnace 1 is smaller than the preset pressure, the flue gas is firstly emptied through the third emptying flue 250, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is reduced to below 5%, the flue gas is treated through the first emptying flue 230. The arrangement greatly reduces the potential safety hazard when the smoke treatment system operates, ensures that the smoke treatment is rapid and orderly, and improves the smoke treatment efficiency.

The flue gas is conveyed to the heat exchange device 3 through the first evacuation flue 230, and a cooling medium is introduced into the heat exchange device 3, so that the flue gas and the cooling medium exchange heat in the heat exchange device 3, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the cooling medium adopts circulating water. The cooled smoke dust is conveyed into the bag-type dust collector 4 for dust removal, and the heat exchange device 3 is used for avoiding the subsequent bag-type dust collector 4 from being burnt due to the fact that the smoke dust temperature is too high after the smoke dust is cooled, so that the smoke dust treatment system can run for a long period. And after removing dust and other particles in the smoke dust, the cloth bag dust collector 4 obtains purified smoke, and the purified smoke is emptied through a chimney 9 under the negative pressure effect of the air purifying fan 6. The heat exchange device 3 and the bag-type dust collector 4 are used for cooling and dedusting the smoke dust, so that the smoke gas discharged into the air has no pollution to the atmosphere, and has good environmental protection benefit.

The pressure sensor 110 is used for detecting the furnace pressure in the calcium carbide furnace 1 in real time, no matter in which operation state the calcium carbide furnace 1 is in, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 110 is greater than or equal to a preset pressure value, the calcium carbide furnace 1 has higher explosion risk, personal safety is endangered, and then the first valve 2101 and the fourth valve 2401 are opened, so that flue gas passes through the emergency treatment flue 210 and the second evacuation flue 240 in sequence and is exhausted in an emergency manner, and the safety in the smoke dust treatment process is greatly improved.

According to the scheme, the high-efficiency treatment of smoke dust under the emergency power-off of the calcium carbide furnace is realized, the smoke dust is cooled and dedusted by the heat exchange device and the bag-type dust remover, so that the smoke gas discharged into the air is pollution-free to the atmosphere, and good environmental protection benefits are achieved. Meanwhile, the CO concentration detector and the pressure sensor are arranged to detect smoke components and furnace pressure in real time, and the valve is controlled to be opened and closed according to the pressure and/or the CO concentration, so that the smoke is treated quickly and orderly. When the calcium carbide furnace is in emergency power failure, smoke dust is firstly exhausted through the purification flue, and when the carbon monoxide content in the smoke dust is less than or equal to 5%, the smoke dust is treated through the first exhaust flue, so that the potential safety hazard of the smoke dust treatment system in operation is greatly reduced, the operation of the smoke dust treatment system is simple, and the smoke dust treatment is quicker and more efficient.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heat exchange device 3 is optionally a tube heat exchanger.

The heat exchange device 3 is internally and axially provided with a plurality of heat exchange tubes 310 in parallel, and the heat exchange tubes 310 are composed of an inlet section 320, a tapered section 330, a parallel section 340 and an expansion section 350 which are sequentially arranged.

Specifically, the heat exchange device 3 is a tubular heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tubes 310 are axially arranged in parallel in the heat exchange device 3, so that the disassembly and cleaning of the heat exchange tubes 310 are facilitated. The heat exchange tube 310 is composed of an inlet section 320, a tapered section 330, a parallel section 340 and an expansion section 350 which are sequentially arranged, a heat exchange medium enters the tube side of the heat exchange tube 310 from one end of the heat exchange device 3, smoke dust enters the shell side of the heat exchange device 3, and the smoke dust and the cooling medium exchange heat in the tube heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the smoke dust is reduced.

The cooling medium enters the heat exchange tube 310 from the inlet section 320 and flows to the tapered section 330 along the axial direction of the inlet section 320, the fluid cross section of the tapered section 330 is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the diameter is reduced, so that the pressure of the cooling medium is increased, the flow speed of the cooling medium is further increased, the heat exchange amount of the cooling medium and smoke dust in the shell side is increased due to the increase of the flow speed of the cooling medium, the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling medium and the smoke dust is further increased, and the cooling efficiency of the smoke dust is further improved. The cooling medium flows from the tapered section 330 to the parallel section 340, the cross section of the fluid is kept unchanged, then flows into the expansion section 350, the cross section of the expansion section 350 for cooling medium flow along the axial direction is increased, although the cross section of the cooling medium from the parallel section 340 to the expansion section 350 is increased, the flow speed is relatively reduced, but due to the acceleration of the tapered section 330 of the front section, compared with the speed of the cooling medium flowing through the heat exchange tube with unchanged diameter, the speed is still larger, the contact area of the cooling medium and smoke dust is increased through the expansion section 350, the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency is also achieved, the cooling efficiency of the smoke dust is further improved, and the efficient treatment of the smoke dust is facilitated. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 3, the diameters of the cross sections of the inlet section 320 and the parallel section 340 in the heat exchange tube 310 are respectively kept unchanged, so that the cooling medium in the heat exchange tube 310 is improved in speed, impact force caused by the change of the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing through the tapered section 330 and the expanded section 350 is buffered, the flow rate in the process of flowing through the inlet section 320 and the parallel section 340 is stable, and the safe and stable operation of the whole smoke dust treatment system is facilitated.

The inlet section 320, the tapered section 330, the parallel section 340 and the expansion section 350 are coaxially disposed, and according to the length of the heat exchange tube 310 in the actual working condition, the inlet section 320, the tapered section 330, the parallel section 340 and the expansion section 350 may be sequentially disposed with multiple groups, which is not limited in this application.

As shown in fig. 4, the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 310 is optionally provided with fins 360.

Specifically, the heat exchange area of the heat exchange tube 310 is increased by the fin 360, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the smoke dust and the cooling medium is increased, and the treatment efficiency of the smoke dust is further increased.

In one possible implementation, one side wall of the fin 360 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 310, and the length direction of the fin 360 is identical to the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 310.

Further, the surface of the fin 360 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 310, so that the arrangement not only has the effect of increasing the heat exchange area, but also can baffle flowing smoke dust, prolong the contact time of the smoke dust and the cooling medium, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

As shown in fig. 2, optionally, a baffle 370 is disposed on the inner wall of the heat exchange device 3, and the plane of the baffle 370 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 310.

Specifically, the baffle 370 plays a role in turbulence on the smoke moving axially along the heat exchange device 3, so that the contact time of the smoke and the cooling medium is prolonged, the cooling efficiency of the smoke is further improved, and the overall treatment efficiency of the smoke is further improved.

Optionally, the first valve 2101 and the second valve 2201 are blind valves.

Specifically, the blind plate valve has the advantages of wear resistance, reliable sealing performance, flexible operation, long service life and the like, and compared with a common valve, the blind plate valve can well prevent leakage of smoke dust, and is resistant to dust abrasion in the smoke dust and long in service life.

As shown in fig. 5, optionally, a cyclone 7 is also connected to the first evacuation flue 230.

The flue gas outlet end of the cyclone separator 7 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange device 3.

Specifically, cyclone 7 is used for carrying out preliminary dust removal to the smoke and dust before the smoke and dust gets into heat transfer device 3, removes the large granule material in the smoke and dust earlier, helps reducing the smoke and dust behind entering heat transfer device 3, and the dust granule in the smoke and dust is in the wearing and tearing that impact produced heat transfer device 3's inner wall in the motion, has not only improved dust removal efficiency, still is favorable to the long-term steady operation of system.

Optionally, the ash outlets of the first bag-type dust collector 4, the second bag-type dust collector 223 and the cyclone separator 7 are communicated with the ash collection bin 260.

Specifically, the dust outlets of the cyclone separator 7 and the first and second bag-type dust collectors 4 and 223 are communicated with the dust collecting bin 260, so that dust obtained after dust removal can be timely discharged and collected into the dust collecting bin 260, and dust particles are prevented from being accumulated in the cyclone separator 7 and the first and second bag-type dust collectors 4 and 223 to block the dust outlets.

Further, the ash outlets of the first bag-type dust collector 4, the second bag-type dust collector 223 and the cyclone separator 7 are communicated with the ash collecting bin 260 in a sealing way, so that the pollution to the atmosphere caused by the escape of dust into the atmosphere is avoided.

Optionally, the smoke treatment system of the present application is further connected with a control unit 8, where the control unit 8 is connected to the first valve 2101, the second valve 2201, the third valve 2301, the fourth valve 2401, the fifth valve 2501, the raw air blower 222, the first air cleaner 6, the second air cleaner 224, the pressure sensor 110, and the CO concentration detector 225, respectively.

Specifically, the pressure sensor 110 is configured to detect the furnace pressure in the calcium carbide furnace 1 in real time and transmit a pressure signal to the control unit 8, the CO concentration detector 225 is configured to detect the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas entering the purifying flue 220 in real time and transmit a CO concentration signal to the control unit 8, and the control unit 8 controls the opening of the first valve 2101, the second valve 2201, the third valve 2301, the fourth valve 2401, the fifth valve 2501 and the operation frequencies and start-stop of the raw gas blower 222, the first clean gas blower 6 and the second clean gas blower 224 according to the received pressure signal and/or the CO concentration signal. The system operation is controlled through the control unit 8, so that the labor capacity of personnel is greatly reduced, the efficiency of smoke treatment can be improved, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard during the operation of the smoke treatment system is greatly reduced.

The technical scheme of the present application is illustrated in detail by specific examples below.

In this embodiment, the operation flow of the smoke dust treatment system under the emergency power-off of the calcium carbide furnace in specific work is as follows:

when the calcium carbide furnace 1 works normally, a large amount of carbon monoxide is contained in smoke dust generated by the calcium carbide furnace, the control unit 8 opens the second valve 2201, the crude gas fan 222 and the second gas purifying fan 224, and the smoke dust is conveyed to the lime kiln 5 through the purifying flue 220 to be burnt for calcination of limestone. Because the smoke temperature is higher and the dust and other particles contained in the smoke cannot be directly used as fuel for combustion, the smoke from the calcium carbide furnace 1 is conveyed to the air cooling device 221 for cooling through the purification flue 220 under the suction of the coarse gas fan 222, the cooled smoke is continuously conveyed to the second bag-type dust remover 223 for dust removal, the dust and other particles in the smoke are removed, the smoke is purified, and finally the smoke is conveyed to the lime kiln 5 through the second clean gas fan 224 to be used as fuel for combustion, so that heat is provided for the calcination of limestone. The air cooling device 221 is an air heat exchanger, and in this embodiment, three air cooling devices 221 and three second bag-type dust collectors 223 are respectively disposed.

When the calcium carbide furnace 1 works normally, the first valve 2101 and the third valve 2301 are closed, and the fourth valve 2401 is normally open.

And when the calcium carbide furnace 1 is in emergency power-off (if maintenance is needed), the specific operation is as follows:

when the emergency power-off is performed, the CO concentration from the CO concentration detector 225 received by the control unit 8 is greater than 5%, and when the pressure signal from the pressure sensor 110 received by the control unit 8 is smaller than a preset pressure value (for example, the preset pressure is 200 Pa), the control unit 8 controls the frequency of the coarse air blower 222 to be reduced, and opens the fifth valve 2501, so that the inside of the purifying flue 220 is kept in a micro negative pressure state, and the smoke is cooled by the air cooling device 221, and is discharged by the third discharging flue 250 after being dedusted by the second bag-type dust collector 223. In the process, the CO gradually decreases, and when the CO concentration received by the control unit 8 from the CO concentration detector 225 is less than 5%, the control unit 8 sequentially opens the third valve 2301, closes the fourth valve 2401, opens the first valve 2101, finally closes the second valve 2201, and opens the clean air blower 6.

If the CO concentration is greater than 5%, the first valve 2101 is opened to deliver the flue gas to the first evacuation flue 230: because the purifying flue 220 is a closed flue, and the first emptying flue 230 is close to the outlet of the calcium carbide furnace 1 and is in a non-closed state, so that the oxygen in the purifying flue 220 is much smaller than the oxygen in the first emptying flue 230, and carbon monoxide in the high-temperature flue gas and the oxygen in the first emptying flue 230 can burn or even explode, so that the potential safety hazard is high, when the power is off, and when the pressure in the calcium carbide furnace 1 is smaller than the preset pressure, the flue gas is firstly emptied through the third emptying flue 250, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is reduced to below 5%, the flue gas is treated through the first emptying flue 230.

The flue gas is conveyed to the cyclone 7 by the first evacuation flue 230 for preliminary dust removal, then passes through the heat exchange device 3, and a cooling medium is introduced into the heat exchange device 3, so that the flue gas and the cooling medium exchange heat in the heat exchange device 3, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the cooling medium adopts circulating water. The cooled smoke dust is conveyed into the bag-type dust collector 4 for dust removal, and the heat exchange device 3 is used for avoiding the subsequent bag-type dust collector 4 from being burnt due to the fact that the smoke dust temperature is too high after the smoke dust is cooled, so that the smoke dust treatment system can run for a long period. And after removing dust and other particles in the smoke dust, the cloth bag dust collector 4 obtains purified smoke, and the purified smoke is emptied through a chimney 9 under the negative pressure effect of the air purifying fan 6.

The dust obtained by the cyclone 7, the first bag-type dust collector 4 and the second bag-type dust collector 223 is discharged to the dust collecting bin 260 through the respective dust outlets for storage, and can be recycled later, such as being added into building materials.

No matter in which operating state the calcium carbide furnace 1 is in, when the pressure signal received by the control unit 8 from the pressure sensor 110 is greater than or equal to a preset pressure value, the calcium carbide furnace 1 has a higher explosion risk, the personal safety is compromised, and then the control unit 8 opens the first valve 2101 and the fourth valve 2401, so that the flue gas is discharged urgently through the urgent treatment flue 210 and the second evacuation flue 240 in sequence.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand; the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a smoke and dust processing system under urgent outage of carbide stove which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a calcium carbide furnace (1), an emergency treatment flue (210) and a purification flue (220) which are respectively arranged at the top of the calcium carbide furnace (1);

the emergency treatment flue (210) is also respectively communicated with a first emptying flue (230) and a second emptying flue (240), and the outlet of the first emptying flue (230) is sequentially connected with a first heat exchange device (3), a first bag-type dust remover (4), a first air purifying fan (6) and a chimney (9);

the purifying flue (220) comprises an air cooling device (221), a crude gas fan (222), a second bag-type dust remover (223), a second air purifying fan (224) and a lime kiln (5) which are sequentially connected, and a third emptying flue (250) is arranged between the second air purifying fan (224) and the lime kiln (5);

a first valve (2101) is arranged on the emergency treatment flue (210), a second valve (2201) is arranged on the purification flue (220), a third valve (2301) is arranged on the first evacuation flue (230), a fourth valve (2401) is arranged on the second evacuation flue (240), and a fifth valve (2501) is arranged on the third evacuation flue (250);

the calcium carbide furnace (1) is internally provided with a pressure sensor (110), and the purifying flue (220) is internally provided with a CO concentration detector (225).

2. The smoke dust treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange device (3) is a tubular heat exchanger;

the heat exchange device is characterized in that a plurality of heat exchange tubes (310) are axially arranged in parallel in the heat exchange device (3), and each heat exchange tube (310) consists of an inlet section (320), a tapered section (330), a parallel section (340) and an expansion section (350) which are sequentially arranged.

3. The smoke treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (310) is provided with fins (360).

4. The smoke dust treatment system under emergency power failure of the calcium carbide furnace according to claim 3, wherein a baffle plate (370) is arranged on the inner wall of the heat exchange device (3), and the plane of the plate surface of the baffle plate (370) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat exchange tube (310).

5. The smoke treatment system in emergency power down of a calcium carbide furnace according to claim 1, wherein the first valve (2101) and the second valve (2201) are blind valves.

6. The smoke treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein a cyclone separator (7) is further connected to the first evacuation flue (230);

the flue gas outlet end of the cyclone separator (7) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange device (3).

7. The smoke dust treatment system under emergency power failure of a calcium carbide furnace according to claim 6, wherein the ash outlets of the first bag-type dust collector (4), the second bag-type dust collector (223) and the cyclone separator (7) are all communicated with an ash collecting bin (260).

8. The smoke treatment system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the smoke treatment system is further connected with a control unit (8), and the control unit (8) is connected with the first valve (2101), the second valve (2201), the third valve (2301), the fourth valve (2401), the fifth valve (2501), the coarse air fan (222), the first air cleaning fan (6), the second air cleaning fan (224), the pressure sensor (110) and the CO concentration detector (225) respectively.