CN220395843U - Cylinder head, engine and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a cylinder cover, an engine and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of engines, wherein the cylinder cover comprises: the first cooling water jacket is arranged in the cylinder cover, the first cooling water jacket is provided with a medium inlet channel, the second cooling water jacket and the third cooling water jacket are arranged in the cylinder cover, the second cooling water jacket is communicated with the first cooling water jacket, the third cooling water jacket is communicated with the second cooling water jacket, the third cooling water jacket is provided with a first medium outlet channel and a plurality of second medium outlet channels, the first medium outlet channel is communicated with a cylinder block water jacket at the air inlet side, and the plurality of second medium outlet channels are communicated with a cylinder block water jacket at the air outlet side. Therefore, the pressure reduction effect realized by the first medium outlet channel is beneficial to improving the flow flowing into the cylinder body water jacket, so that the heat exchange medium in the cylinder cover flows into the cylinder body water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Cylinder head, engine and vehicle

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of engine technology, and more particularly, to a cylinder head, an engine, and a vehicle.

Background

Along with the continuous promotion of engine performance index, engine cooling system has become the important link of engine design, and the reliability and the economic nature of engine during operation are directly influenced to cooling system's quality, and reasonable engine cooling system design can ensure cooling effect, can effectual improvement engine's work efficiency and life.

In the related art, the cooling water jacket is arranged in the cylinder cover and the cylinder body to realize the cooling of the cylinder cover and the cylinder body, but at present, when the cylinder cover conveys cooling liquid to the cylinder body water jacket through the connecting channel, the flow resistance of the cooling liquid is larger due to larger pressure loss of the connecting channel, so that the cylinder body cannot be cooled at the first time, and the cooling efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a cylinder head, engine and vehicle, this cylinder head's third cooling water jacket set up respectively at the air inlet side with the first medium outlet passage of cylinder block water jacket intercommunication and set up a plurality of second medium outlet passage with cylinder block water jacket intercommunication at the exhaust side for first medium outlet passage has realized the pressure reduction loss effect, is favorable to improving the flow that flows into the cylinder block water jacket, makes the heat transfer medium in the cylinder head flow into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, has improved cooling efficiency greatly.

In a first aspect, there is provided a cylinder head comprising:

the first cooling water jacket is arranged in the cylinder cover and is provided with a medium inlet channel;

the second cooling water jacket and the third cooling water jacket are both arranged in the cylinder cover, the second cooling water jacket is communicated with the first cooling water jacket, the third cooling water jacket is communicated with the second cooling water jacket, and the third cooling water jacket is provided with a first medium outlet channel and a plurality of second medium outlet channels;

the first medium outlet passage communicates with the cylinder block water jacket on the intake side, and the plurality of second medium outlet passages communicate with the cylinder block water jacket on the exhaust side.

According to the cylinder head provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first cooling water jacket, the second cooling water jacket and the third cooling water jacket which are sequentially communicated are respectively arranged, wherein the first cooling water jacket is provided with the medium inlet channel, the third cooling water jacket is provided with the first medium outlet channel and a plurality of second medium outlet channels, the first medium outlet channel is communicated with the cylinder body water jacket at the air inlet side, and the plurality of second medium outlet channels are communicated with the cylinder body water jacket at the air outlet side. Therefore, the first medium outlet channels communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are respectively arranged on the air inlet side and the second medium outlet channels communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are respectively arranged on the air outlet side, so that the pressure reduction effect of the first medium outlet channels is realized, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is improved, the heat exchange medium in the cylinder head flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the plurality of second medium outlet passages are all cylindrical holes, and each second medium outlet passage has the same cross-sectional area.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the cross-sectional area of the first medium outlet channel is a, and the cross-sectional area of the second medium outlet channel is B, which satisfies the relation: a=3.6×n×b, where n is the number of second medium outlet channels.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the first cooling water jacket has a third medium outlet passage adapted to flow out of the heat exchange medium and communicate with the cylinder block water jacket.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the first cooling water jacket includes a plurality of cooling sub-water jackets, the plurality of cooling sub-water jackets are in sequential communication, and each cooling sub-water jacket is opposite a respective combustion chamber.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, each of the coolant water jackets includes a medium inlet passage located on an intake side of the combustion chamber.

With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, each cooling sub-water jacket includes a first avoidance area, a second avoidance area, and a third avoidance area, where the first avoidance area is opposite to an air inlet of the combustion chamber, the second avoidance area is opposite to an ignition device of the combustion chamber, and the third avoidance area is opposite to an air outlet of the combustion chamber.

In combination with the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, each cooling sub water jacket is formed with a diversion hole, the diversion hole is adjacent to and spaced apart from the first avoidance area, the second avoidance area and the third avoidance area, a medium flow passage is formed between the diversion hole and the first avoidance area, between the diversion hole and the second avoidance area and between the diversion hole and the third avoidance area, and the medium flow passage is suitable for being communicated with the medium inlet passage.

In a second aspect, an engine is provided that includes the cylinder head of the first aspect.

According to the engine provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first medium outlet channel communicated with the cylinder block water jacket is arranged on the air inlet side and the plurality of second medium outlet channels communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are arranged on the air outlet side respectively through the cylinder head, so that the pressure reduction effect of the first medium outlet channel is realized, the flow rate flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is favorably improved, the heat exchange medium in the cylinder head flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

In a third aspect, there is provided a vehicle comprising the engine of the second aspect.

According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first medium outlet channel communicated with the cylinder block water jacket is respectively arranged on the air inlet side and the second medium outlet channels communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are respectively arranged on the air outlet side, so that the pressure reduction effect of the first medium outlet channel is realized, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is favorably improved, the heat exchange medium in the cylinder head flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling water jacket according to one embodiment of the present utility model at a first view angle;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling jacket according to a second view angle of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling jacket according to a third view angle of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an assembly view of a second cooling water jacket and a third cooling water jacket according to one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fourth view of a cooling jacket according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a coolant water jacket according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Reference numerals:

a cylinder head 100;

a first cooling water jacket 1; a cooling sub water jacket 11; a medium inlet channel 111; a first avoidance region 112; a second avoidance region 113; a third avoidance region 114; a diversion aperture 115; a media flow path 116; a third medium outlet passage 12;

a second cooling water jacket 2;

a third cooling water jacket 3; a first medium outlet passage 31; a second medium outlet passage 32;

a first communication hole 4;

a second communication hole 5;

an exhaust hole 6;

a first direction X; a second direction Y.

Detailed Description

The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

The cylinder head 100, the engine, and the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present utility model are described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a cylinder head 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model includes: the first cooling water jacket 1, the second cooling water jacket 2 and the third cooling water jacket 3, wherein the first cooling water jacket 1 is arranged in the cylinder head 100, the first cooling water jacket 1 is provided with a medium inlet channel 111, the second cooling water jacket 2 and the third cooling water jacket 3 are arranged in the cylinder head 100, the second cooling water jacket 2 is communicated with the first cooling water jacket 1, the third cooling water jacket 3 is communicated with the second cooling water jacket 2, the third cooling water jacket 3 is provided with a first medium outlet channel 31 and a plurality of second medium outlet channels 32, the first medium outlet channel 31 is communicated with a cylinder block water jacket on the air inlet side, and the plurality of second medium outlet channels 32 are communicated with a cylinder block water jacket on the air exhaust side.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cooling water jacket in the cylinder head 100 is divided into three parts, namely, a first cooling water jacket 1, a second cooling water jacket 2 and a third cooling water jacket 3, wherein the first cooling water jacket 1 is close to the intake side of the cylinder head 100, the second cooling water jacket 2 and the third cooling water jacket 3 are spaced apart in a first direction X, the first cooling water jacket 1 is provided with a medium inlet passage 111, the medium inlet passage 111 may be plural, and the medium inlet passage 111 communicates with an external water pump through a pipe to input a heat exchange medium to the first cooling water jacket 1 through the medium inlet passage 111. Further, the first cooling water jacket 1 communicates with the second cooling water jacket 2 through the first communication hole 4, and the second cooling water jacket 2 communicates with the third cooling water jacket 3 through the second communication hole 5, that is, the series connection of the first cooling water jacket 1, the second cooling water jacket 2, and the third cooling water jacket 3 is achieved through the first communication hole 4 and the second communication hole 5, so that the heat exchange medium can flow in the first cooling water jacket 1, the second cooling water jacket 2, and the third cooling water jacket 3 under the driving of the external water pump, thereby achieving the cooling function of the cylinder head 100.

Further, the third cooling water jacket 3 has a first medium outlet channel 31 and a plurality of second medium outlet channels 32, where, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first medium outlet channel 31 is located at a side portion of the cylinder head 100 and is communicated with the cylinder block water jacket at the intake side, and the plurality of second medium outlet channels 32 are located at a bottom portion of the cylinder head 100 and are all communicated with the cylinder block water jacket at the exhaust side, when the heat exchange medium flows out from the first medium outlet channel 31 and the second medium outlet channel 32 respectively, the heat exchange medium flows into the cylinder block water jacket from the intake side and the exhaust side respectively, so that input balance of the heat exchange medium is realized, at this time, the first medium outlet channel 31 plays a role of reducing pressure loss, and the first medium outlet channel 31 is a reducing pressure loss channel, which is beneficial to improving flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing into the cylinder block water jacket in the cylinder head 100, so that the heat exchange medium flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

Therefore, the first medium outlet channel 31 communicated with the cylinder block water jacket and the second medium outlet channels 32 communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are respectively arranged on the air inlet side and the air outlet side, so that the pressure reduction effect of the first medium outlet channel 31 is realized, the flow rate flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is favorably improved, the heat exchange medium in the cylinder head 100 flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

It should be noted that, each second medium outlet channel 32 is disposed corresponding to a corresponding cylinder liner of the cylinder block, so that the heat exchange medium flowing out of each second medium outlet channel 32 can flow into the cylinder block water jacket around the corresponding cylinder liner independently, thereby ensuring the cooling consistency of each cylinder liner, reducing the temperature difference between each cylinder liner, reducing the thermal stress and thermal deformation of the engine, and being beneficial to improving the cooling performance and reliability of the engine.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 5, the plurality of second medium outlet passages 32 are each cylindrical holes, and each of the second medium outlet passages 32 has the same cross-sectional area. Specifically, along the second direction Y, the plurality of second medium outlet channels 32 are sequentially arranged at intervals, the number of the second medium outlet channels 32 corresponds to the number of cylinder liners of the cylinder block, for example, if the cylinder block has four cylinder liners, the third cooling water jacket 3 is correspondingly provided with four second medium outlet channels 32, each second medium outlet channel 32 is correspondingly provided with a corresponding cylinder liner of the cylinder block, further, each second medium outlet channel 32 has the same cross-sectional area, that is, the diameters of four cylinder hole channels are ensured to be the same, optionally, the diameter of each cylinder hole is set to be 10mm, so that the consistency of the flow rate of each second medium outlet channel 32 can be ensured, the flow rate difference of the second medium outlet channel 32 flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is reduced, the temperature difference between the cylinder liners is reduced, and the cooling performance and the reliability of the engine are improved.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the cross-sectional area of the first medium outlet passage 31 is a, the cross-sectional area of the second medium outlet passage 32 is B, and the relation is satisfied: a=3.6×n×b, where n is the number of second medium outlet channels 32. That is, the first medium outlet channel 31 and the second medium outlet channel 32 satisfy the following relation, a=3.6×n×b, where a is the cross-sectional area of the first medium outlet channel 31, B is the cross-sectional area of the second medium outlet channel, and n is the number of the second medium outlet channels 32, for example, if the third cooling water jacket 3 is provided with four second medium outlet channels 32, a=3.6×4×b, so the arrangement further ensures the input balance of the heat exchange medium of the first medium outlet channel 31 and the second medium outlet channel 32, which is beneficial to further improving the flow rate flowing into the cylinder water jacket, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first cooling water jacket 1 has a third medium outlet passage 12, the third medium outlet passage 12 being adapted to flow out of the heat exchange medium and communicate with the cylinder block water jacket. That is, the first cooling jacket 1 is further provided with the third medium outlet passage 12, and the third medium outlet passage 12 is located at the intake side so as to communicate with the cylinder block jacket at the intake side, and when the heat exchange medium flows into the first cooling jacket 1 through the medium inlet passage 111, a part of the heat exchange medium flows into the second cooling jacket 2 through the first communication hole 4, and another part of the heat exchange medium flows into the cylinder block jacket through the third medium outlet passage 12, so that the flow rate flowing into the cylinder block jacket can be further improved, which is advantageous for further improving the cooling effect of the cylinder block.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 3, the first cooling water jacket 1 includes a plurality of cooling sub-water jackets 11, the plurality of cooling sub-water jackets 11 are sequentially communicated, and each cooling sub-water jacket 11 is opposite to a corresponding combustion chamber. Specifically, the plurality of cooling sub-water jackets 11 in the first cooling water jacket 1 corresponds to the number of combustion chambers in the cylinder head 100, that is, each combustion chamber in the cylinder head 100 corresponds to one cooling sub-water jacket 11, for example, assuming that the cylinder head 100 is provided with four combustion chambers, the first cooling water jacket 1 includes four cooling sub-water jackets 11, further, referring to fig. 3, the four cooling sub-water jackets 11 are sequentially communicated in the second direction Y, so that when a heat exchange medium flows through each cooling sub-water jacket 11, the respective combustion chambers of the cylinder head 100 can be individually cooled, so that the combustion chambers of the cylinder head 100 can be sufficiently cooled, the temperature of the cylinder head 100 can be further reduced, and further, the thermal stress and the thermal deformation of a transmitter can be reduced, and the cooling performance of the engine can be improved.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, each of the coolant water jackets 11 includes a medium inlet passage 111, the medium inlet passage 111 being located on the intake side of the combustion chamber. Specifically, each cooling sub-water jacket 11 is provided with a medium inlet channel 111 on the air inlet side of the combustion chamber, that is, each cooling sub-water jacket 11 can input heat exchange medium through the respective medium inlet channel 111, so that the flow flowing into each cooling sub-water jacket 11 can be balanced, the cooling effect of the cooling sub-water jackets 11 on the respective combustion chambers tends to be consistent, the temperature difference between different combustion chambers is reduced, the thermal stress and the thermal deformation of the cylinder head 100 are further reduced, and the cooling performance of the engine is improved.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 6, each of the coolant jackets includes a first avoidance region 112, a second avoidance region 113, and a third avoidance region 114, the first avoidance region 112 being opposite to an intake port of the combustion chamber, the second avoidance region 113 being opposite to an ignition device of the combustion chamber, and the third avoidance region 114 being opposite to an exhaust port of the combustion chamber.

Specifically, the relative position of the cooling sub water jacket 11 and the air inlet of the combustion chamber is provided with two first avoidance areas 112, the first avoidance areas 112 are not communicated with heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium flows in a medium flow passage 116 around the first avoidance areas 112, so that the heat exchange medium entering the cooling sub water jacket 11 can flow through the surrounding positions of the first avoidance areas 112, the temperature of the air inlet of the combustion chamber can be reduced, the temperature of air entering the cylinder head 100 can be reduced, the air inflow entering the cylinder can be improved, and the service performance of the engine is remarkably improved.

Further, the ignition position of the combustion chamber is the high temperature position of the cylinder head 100, a second avoidance area 113 opposite to the ignition device of the combustion chamber is arranged at the center of the cooling sub water jacket 11, and optionally, the second avoidance area 113 is used for avoiding the ignition device of the combustion chamber, the second avoidance area 113 does not circulate heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium flows in a medium flow channel 116 around the second avoidance area 113, so that the heat exchange medium entering the cooling sub water jacket 11 can flow through the surrounding area of the second avoidance area 113, thereby reducing the temperature of the ignition device of the combustion chamber and being beneficial to improving the reliability of the cylinder head 100.

Further, two third avoidance areas 114 are arranged at the opposite positions of the cooling sub water jacket 11 and the exhaust port of the combustion chamber, the third avoidance areas 114 are not communicated with heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium flows in a medium flow passage 116 around the third avoidance areas 114, so that the heat exchange medium entering the cooling sub water jacket 11 can flow through the surrounding positions of the third avoidance areas 114, the temperature of the exhaust port of the combustion chamber can be reduced, the temperature of exhaust gas discharged out of the cylinder head 100 is reduced, and the reliability of the cylinder head 100 is improved.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 6, each of the coolant jackets 11 is formed with a split hole 115, the split hole 115 is adjacent to and spaced apart from the first avoidance region 112, the second avoidance region 113 and the third avoidance region 114, a medium flow passage 116 is formed between the split hole 115 and the first avoidance region 112, between the split hole 115 and the second avoidance region 113, and between the split hole 115 and the third avoidance region 114, and the medium flow passage 116 is adapted to communicate with the medium inlet passage 111.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, each cooling sub water jacket 11 is provided with two diversion holes 115, the two diversion holes 115 are respectively located at two sides of the second avoidance area 113, and the diversion holes 115, the first avoidance area 112, the second avoidance area 113 and the third avoidance area 114 are all formed with medium flow passages 116, after entering from the medium inlet channel 111, heat exchange medium flows through each medium flow passage 116, the diversion holes 115 can reduce the space of the medium flow passages 116, so that the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the medium flow passages 116 is accelerated, and optionally, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium around the combustion chamber is ensured to be more than 2m/s, meanwhile, the diversion holes 115 are respectively located at two sides of the second avoidance area 113 (i.e. the nose bridge area of the cylinder head 100), so that the flow rate flowing around the combustion chamber ignition device can be improved, namely, more heat exchange medium can be distributed around the combustion chamber ignition device so as to perform key cooling on the heat exchange medium, thereby further reducing the temperature at the combustion chamber ignition device and being beneficial to further improving the reliability of the cylinder head 100.

It should be noted that, along the second direction Y, the top of the second cooling water jacket 2 is provided with the exhaust hole 6, and optionally, the exhaust hole 6 is located at the highest position point of the second cooling water jacket 2, and the exhaust hole 6 is used for exhausting high-temperature steam formed by heat exchange mediums in the first cooling water jacket 1, the second cooling water jacket 2 and the third cooling water jacket 3 under the normal running condition of the whole vehicle, so as to ensure the timely exhaust of the high-temperature steam, reduce the structural deformation of the cylinder head 100 caused by cavitation, and improve the reliability of the cylinder head 100.

An engine according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model includes a cylinder head 100 in an embodiment of the first aspect.

According to the engine provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first medium outlet channel 31 communicated with the cylinder block water jacket is arranged on the air inlet side and the second medium outlet channels 32 communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are arranged on the air outlet side respectively through the cylinder head 100, so that the pressure reduction loss effect of the first medium outlet channel 31 is realized, the flow rate flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is favorably improved, the heat exchange medium in the cylinder head 100 flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the utility model comprises an engine according to an embodiment of the second aspect.

According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first medium outlet channel 31 communicated with the cylinder block water jacket and the second medium outlet channels 32 communicated with the cylinder block water jacket are respectively arranged on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the vehicle, so that the pressure reduction loss effect of the first medium outlet channel 31 is realized, the flow rate flowing into the cylinder block water jacket is favorably improved, the heat exchange medium in the cylinder head 100 flows into the cylinder block water jacket more easily, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A cylinder head (100), characterized by comprising:

a first cooling water jacket (1), the first cooling water jacket (1) being provided within the cylinder head (100), the first cooling water jacket (1) having a medium inlet passage (111);

a second cooling water jacket (2) and a third cooling water jacket (3), wherein the second cooling water jacket (2) and the third cooling water jacket (3) are arranged in the cylinder cover (100), the second cooling water jacket (2) is communicated with the first cooling water jacket (1), the third cooling water jacket (3) is communicated with the second cooling water jacket (2), and the third cooling water jacket (3) is provided with a first medium outlet channel (31) and a plurality of second medium outlet channels (32);

the first medium outlet passage (31) communicates with the cylinder block water jacket on the intake side, and the plurality of second medium outlet passages (32) communicate with the cylinder block water jacket on the exhaust side.

2. The cylinder head (100) of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the second medium outlet passages (32) are each cylindrical holes, and each of the second medium outlet passages (32) has the same cross-sectional area.

3. The cylinder head (100) according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first medium outlet passage (31) is a and the cross-sectional area of the second medium outlet passage (32) is B, satisfying the relation: a=3.6×n×b, where n is the number of second medium outlet channels (32).

4. The cylinder head (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cooling water jacket (1) has a third medium outlet passage (12), the third medium outlet passage (12) being adapted to flow out a heat exchange medium and being in communication with the cylinder block water jacket.

5. The cylinder head (100) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first cooling water jacket (1) comprises a plurality of cooling sub-water jackets (11), the plurality of cooling sub-water jackets (11) being in turn in communication, and each cooling sub-water jacket (11) being opposite a respective combustion chamber within the cylinder head (100).

6. The cylinder head (100) according to claim 5, wherein each of the coolant water jackets (11) includes the medium inlet passage (111), the medium inlet passage (111) being located on an intake side of the combustion chamber.

7. The cylinder head (100) of claim 6, wherein each of the coolant water jackets (11) includes a first relief area (112), a second relief area (113), and a third relief area (114), the first relief area (112) being opposite an intake port of the combustion chamber, the second relief area (113) being opposite an ignition device of the combustion chamber, and the third relief area (114) being opposite an exhaust port of the combustion chamber.

8. The cylinder head (100) according to claim 7, wherein each of the coolant water jackets (11) is formed with a split flow hole (115), the split flow holes (115) are adjacent to and spaced apart from the first relief area (112), the second relief area (113) and the third relief area (114), and medium flow passages (116) are formed between the split flow holes (115) and the first relief area (112), between the split flow holes (115) and the second relief area (113), and between the split flow holes (115) and the third relief area (114), and the medium flow passages (116) are adapted to communicate with the medium inlet passages (111).

9. An engine, characterized by comprising a cylinder head (100) according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle comprising the engine according to claim 9.