CN220381105U - Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery - Google Patents

Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220381105U
CN220381105U CN202323204112.2U CN202323204112U CN220381105U CN 220381105 U CN220381105 U CN 220381105U CN 202323204112 U CN202323204112 U CN 202323204112U CN 220381105 U CN220381105 U CN 220381105U
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gas detection
gas
detection module
thermal runaway
lithium battery
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熊友辉
李明亮
刘冬
游瑞
付海龙
吴小康
何涛
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Sifang Optoelectronic Co ltd
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Sifang Optoelectronic Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The application belongs to the gas analysis monitoring field, mainly relates to a thermal runaway monitoring devices of lithium cell, include: the device comprises a shell, wherein one side surface of the shell is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet; the first gas detection module is arranged in the shell and is used for detecting the concentration of CO2 gas; the second gas detection module is arranged in the shell and is used for monitoring the concentration of at least one gas of H2, CO, C2H4, CH4, C2H6 and C3H 6. According to the method, the first gas detection module and the second gas detection module detect that the gas concentration is compared with the corresponding gas concentration threshold value, the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery is effectively and accurately monitored and alarmed, and meanwhile, even if the first or second gas detection module fails due to long-time working, the other gas detection module can also effectively monitor, and reliability is high.

Description

Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of gas monitoring, in particular to a thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery.
Background
With the popularization of new energy automobiles, people pay more attention to the new energy automobiles, and the lithium battery has become the main choice of the power battery for vehicles by virtue of the advantages of high capacity, high output voltage, high charging rate, high energy density, low self-discharge, excellent cycle characteristics and the like. However, in the development process of lithium battery technology, safety problems are paid attention to, especially in the large-capacity batteries used in new energy electric vehicles, once combustion and explosion occur, serious life threat is caused to passengers and surrounding personnel, so that early warning of thermal runaway of the lithium battery is required.
Various signal gases such as CO are released in early stages of thermal runaway of the lithium battery 2 、CO、H 2 CnHm, etc., by monitoring these gases, the early stages of thermal runaway of the battery can be effectively monitored and the driver can be timely alerted to take safety countermeasures. Patent CN116345013B in the prior art discloses a vehicle-mounted battery system with temperature control and early thermal runaway suppression functions by suppressing H 2 、CO、CO 2 、C 2 H 4 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 C 3 H 6 One of the gases is used as a signal gas to monitor, and when the concentration of the gas exceeds a threshold value, the battery cell is considered to leak, but the monitoring of the single gas is difficult to be carried out in early stage of thermal runawayEarly warning can also be false alarm, and once the sensor breaks down due to long-term work, early warning opportunity is easily missed.
Therefore, the existing lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring sensor cannot accurately monitor at the early stage of thermal runaway, and cannot guarantee the reliability of long-term monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the accurate monitoring of the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery pack is realized, and the application provides a thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery.
The application provides a thermal runaway monitoring devices of lithium cell adopts following technical scheme:
the device comprises a shell, wherein one side surface of the shell is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet;
the first gas detection module is arranged in the shell and used for monitoring CO 2 The concentration of the gas;
the second gas detection module is arranged in the shell and is used for monitoring H 2 、CO、C 2 H 4 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 C 3 H 6 A concentration of at least one gas in the gas mixture; and
the main control board is arranged in the shell, and is connected with the first gas detection module and the second gas detection module and used for obtaining detection results of the first gas detection module and the second gas detection module.
Optionally, the second gas detection module includes at least one gas detection element electrically connected to the main control board for detecting H 2 And/or CO gas.
Optionally for detecting H 2 The gas detection element for detecting CO is a thermal conductivity sensor, and the gas detection element for detecting CO is a MOX gas sensor.
Optionally, a control chip and an alarm are arranged on the main control board, the control chip can compare the current gas concentration detected by the first gas detection module and the second gas detection module with the corresponding gas concentration threshold value respectively, and when the at least two gas concentration threshold values reach the early warning value corresponding to the gas, the alarm sends out an early warning signal.
Optionally, the other side of the housing is further provided with a first electric plug port and a second electric plug port, the main control board includes a first circuit board and a second circuit board, the first circuit board is provided with a first electric connector, the second circuit board is provided with a second electric connector, the first electric connector is electrically connected to the first gas detection module and the first electric plug port, the second electric connector is electrically connected to the second gas detection module and the second electric plug port, the first electric connector is used for outputting a monitoring result of the first gas detection module, and the second electric connector is used for outputting a detection result of the second gas detection module.
Optionally, the casing is including first accommodation chamber, second accommodation chamber and be located the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber between the transition room, first accommodation chamber, second accommodation chamber and transition room communicate each other, first gas detection module set up in the first accommodation chamber, the second gas detection module set up in the second accommodation chamber.
Optionally, the casing includes the bottom plate and with the lid of bottom plate sealing connection, first gas detection module and second gas detection module are fixed in respectively the bottom plate, first air inlet and first gas outlet set up in the first side of lid, first electric grafting port and second electric grafting port set up in the lid with the second side opposite of first side.
Optionally, the first gas detection module includes a shielding case and a first gas detection assembly disposed in the shielding case, and an air inlet is formed in the shielding case and corresponds to the first air inlet in position.
Optionally, the first gas detection assembly includes a bottom shell, a cover plate matched with the bottom shell, and a light source and a light detector located between the bottom shell and the cover plate, wherein the light detector and the light source can pass through the bottom shell and are electrically connected with the main control board; the bottom shell and the cover plate are covered to form a first air chamber, and air entering from the air inlet can enter the first air chamber.
Optionally, a detection channel is formed between the light source and the light detector, a second air inlet and a second air outlet corresponding to the second air inlet are formed in the cover plate, the detection channel is located between the second air inlet and the second air outlet, and second waterproof breathable films are respectively arranged in the second air inlet and the second air outlet.
In summary, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects that can be achieved:
the application provides a lithium cell's thermal runaway monitoring devices, including first gaseous detection module and second gaseous detection module, wherein first gaseous detection module set up in the casing for detect CO 2 The concentration of the gas; the second gas detection module is arranged in the shell and used for detecting H 2 、CO、C 2 H 4 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 C 3 H 6 The concentration of at least one gas in the battery is detected by the first gas detection module and the second gas detection module and compared with the corresponding gas concentration threshold value, so that the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery is effectively and accurately monitored and alarmed, and meanwhile, even if the first gas detection module or the second gas detection module fails due to long-time working, the other gas detection module can be effectively monitored, and the reliability is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of yet another view of the thermal runaway monitoring device of the lithium battery provided in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a thermal runaway monitoring device of the lithium battery provided in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the thermal runaway monitoring device of the lithium battery provided in FIG. 1 with the cover removed;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first gas detection module included in the thermal runaway monitoring device of the lithium battery provided in fig. 1;
FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of the first gas detection module;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the airflow direction of the thermal runaway monitoring device of the lithium battery provided in fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a housing; 101. a bottom plate; 102. a cover body; 11. a first accommodation chamber; 12. a second accommodation chamber; 13. a transition chamber; 110. a first air inlet; 120. a first air outlet; 14. a first waterproof breathable film; 2. a first gas detection module; 3. a second gas detection module; 112. a first electrical plug port; 122. a second electrical plug port; 114. a first electrical connector; 124. a second electrical connector; 40. a first circuit board; 22. a shield; 24. a first gas detection assembly; 220. an intake air inlet; 240. a bottom case; 241. a cover plate; 242. a light source; 244. a photodetector; 250. a first air chamber; 251. a detection channel; 252. a second air inlet; 254. a second air outlet; 256. a second waterproof breathable film; 258. a sub-inlet; 42. a second circuit board; 32. a gas detection element; 130. a fixing hole; 4. and a main control board.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-7.
The embodiment of the application discloses a thermal runaway monitoring device for a lithium battery before the thermal runaway of the lithium battery, aims at effectively monitoring and early warning the early stage of the thermal runaway of the battery, and ensures the safety of a driver.
The pack releases CO during the early stages of thermal runaway of the battery 2 、H 2 CO, and hydrocarbon gases, thus requiring accurate monitoring of the gas at this stage.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery includes: the device comprises a shell 1, a first gas detection module 2, a second gas detection module 3 and a main control board 4.
One side surface of the shell 1 is provided with a first air inlet 110 and a first air outlet 120, and the first air inlet 110 and the first air outlet 120 are respectively provided with a first waterproof and breathable film 14.
The other side of the housing 1 is also provided with a first electrical plug port 112 and a second electrical plug port 122, respectively.
The main control board 4 is disposed in the housing 1 and includes a first circuit board 40 and a second circuit board 42, a first electrical connector 114 and a second electrical connector 124 are disposed on the main control board 4, the first electrical connector 114 is electrically connected to the first gas detection module 2 and the first electrical plug port 112, the second electrical connector 124 is electrically connected to the second gas detection module 3 and the second electrical plug port 122, the first electrical connector 114 is used for outputting a detection result of the first gas detection module 2, and the second electrical connector 124 is used for outputting a detection result of the second gas detection module 3.
It will be understood, of course, that in other embodiments, the main control board 4 may be an integral circuit board, and need not be divided into a first circuit board and a second circuit board, and the first electric plug port 112 and the second electric plug port 122 provided on the other side of the housing 1 may be provided as an integral electric plug port. In the present application, the main control board 4 is divided into the first circuit board 40 and the second circuit board 42 to realize the independence of the detection modules, or to realize the personalized setting of the thermal runaway monitoring device of the lithium battery.
In the present embodiment, the housing 1 includes a first accommodating chamber 11, a second accommodating chamber 12, and a transition chamber 13 between the first accommodating chamber 11 and the second accommodating chamber 12. The first accommodating chamber 11, the second accommodating chamber 12 and the transition chamber 13 are communicated with each other.
In this embodiment, the housing 1 includes a base plate 101 and a cover 102 sealingly connected to the base plate 101, the first gas detection module 2 and the second gas detection module 3 are fixed to the base plate 101, the first gas inlet 110 and the first gas outlet 120 are disposed on a first side surface of the cover 102, and the first electric plug port 112 and the second electric plug port 122 are disposed on a second side surface of the cover 102 opposite to the first side surface.
In the present embodiment, the first air inlet 110 and the first air outlet 120 are integrally formed with the first side of the cover 102, and the first electric plug port 112 and the second electric plug port 122 are integrally formed with the second side of the cover 102.
In the present embodiment, the cover 102 is provided with a fixing hole 130 penetrating the first side surface and the second side surface, and a central axis of the fixing hole 130 is parallel to a central axis of the first air inlet 110 or a central axis of the first air outlet 120.
The first gas detection module 2 is arranged in the first accommodating chamber 11 of the shell 1 and is used for detecting CO 2 And (3) gas.
The second gas detection module 3 is arranged in the second accommodating chamber 12 of the shell 1 and is used for detecting H 2 、CO、C 2 H 4 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 C 3 H 6 At least one gas of (a) and (b).
In the present embodiment, the main pair of CO 2 And CO, H 2 At least one signal gas is detected to realize early monitoring of thermal runaway of the battery, wherein the second gas detection module 3 is used for monitoring CO and/or H 2 . The first gas detection module 2 is disposed on the first circuit board 40, and includes a shielding case 22 and a first gas detection assembly 24 disposed in the shielding case 22. The shielding case 22 is provided with an air inlet 220, and the air inlet 220 is communicated with the first air inlet 110.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the first gas detection assembly 24 is an NDIR infrared principle detection assembly, and includes a bottom shell 240, a cover plate 241 mated with the bottom shell 240, and a light source 242 and a light detector 244 between the bottom shell 240 and the cover plate 241. The light source 242 and the light detector 244 are disposed opposite to each other and are fixed to the bottom case 240, and the light detector 244 and the light source 242 can pass through the bottom case 240 to be electrically connected to the first circuit board 40; the bottom case 240 and the cover plate 241 may form a first air chamber 250, and air entering from the air inlet 220 may enter the first air chamber 250.
Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, a detection channel 251 is formed between the light source 242 and the light detector 244, a second air inlet 252 and a second air outlet 254 corresponding to the second air inlet 252 are formed on the cover plate 241, the detection channel 251 is located between the second air inlet 252 and the second air outlet 254, and a second waterproof and breathable film 256 is respectively disposed on the second air inlet 252 and the second air outlet 254. The gas entering from the second gas inlet 252 passes through the second waterproof and breathable film 256 and enters the first gas chamber 250, and a part of the gas in the first gas chamber 250 is dispersed in the detection channel 251, and the light beam emitted by the light source 242 passes through the gas in the detection channel 251 and is sensed by the light detector 244.
In this embodiment, the second air inlet 252 and the second air outlet 254 are provided with a plurality of sub-air inlets 258 spaced from each other and sub-air outlets corresponding to each sub-air inlet 258, and the cover 241 is provided with a plurality of sub-air inlets 258 and sub-air outlets as much as possible under the condition of feasible structural strength, so that the air intake amount is as large as possible, and the response speed of the first air detection assembly 24 to air is faster, so as to improve the monitoring response speed of the monitoring device.
In the present embodiment, the gas detection element 32 of the second gas detection module 3 is a CO gas sensor of the MOX (semiconductor metal oxide) principle.
The first gas detection module and the second gas detection module are used for detecting the signal gas CO with thermal runaway 2 Monitoring CO and realizing early-stage monitoring of thermal runaway of lithium battery, and commonly monitoring CO in air 2 At a concentration of about 400ppm, CO in the battery pack is generated once thermal runaway begins 2 The concentration may increase above the 40000ppm concentration threshold while the CO concentration may be above the 1600ppm concentration threshold.
A control chip and an alarm are arranged on the main control board 4, and the control chip can monitor the CO 2 Gas concentration and CO 2 Is compared with the concentration threshold of (C), when CO 2 When the current concentration detection value of the gas concentration reaches a threshold value, the current concentration detection value of CO reaches a preset concentration threshold value, and an alarm sends out early warning signals of thermal runaway.
In another embodiment, the gas detecting element 32 of the second gas detecting module 3 detects the component as the thermal conductance H 2 Sensor, H in early stage of thermal runaway occurrence 2 The concentration would increase above the 40000ppm concentration threshold by CO 2 And H 2 Two kinds of signal gasesTo monitor the early stages of thermal runaway.
In a further embodiment, the gas detection element 32 detection assembly of the second gas detection module 3 may further comprise a CO sensor and a thermal conductance H according to the MOX principle 2 Sensor, by CO 2 、H 2 And concentration thresholds of CO three signal gases to monitor the early stages of thermal runaway. In other embodiments, the second gas detection module 3 includes at least one gas detection element 32 electrically connected to the main control board 4, and the at least one gas detection element 32 is configured to detect H 2 And CO gas; by CO 2 、H 2 And the concentration threshold of the CO three signal gases to monitor the early stage of thermal runaway may be: when CO 2 、H 2 And determining that the early stage of thermal runaway is reached when the concentration threshold of at least two signal gases in the CO reaches an early warning value corresponding to the gases. Therefore, the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery is effectively and accurately monitored and alarmed, and meanwhile, even if the first or second gas detection module fails due to long-time working, the other gas detection module can be effectively monitored, so that the reliability is high.
Referring to fig. 7, the working principle of the thermal runaway monitoring device for a lithium battery provided by the present application is as follows: the lithium battery releases various signal gases during early thermal runaway, the gases enter from the first air inlet 110, pass through the first waterproof and breathable film 14 and gradually diffuse into the first gas detection module 2 of the first accommodating chamber 11, the transition chamber 13 and the second gas detection module 3 of the second accommodating chamber 12 in sequence, and finally are discharged from the first air outlet 120, during which the concentration of CO2 gas can rise sharply during early thermal runaway, H 2 And/or CO gas can be released rapidly, and the concentration of the gas can be detected through the first gas detection module 2 and the second gas detection module 3, so that on one hand, the early stage of thermal runaway can be accurately identified, and on the other hand, once the first gas detection module or the second gas detection module fails due to long-time operation, the other gas detection module can also be monitored, and the monitoring reliability of the device is high.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A thermal runaway monitoring device for a lithium battery, comprising:
the device comprises a shell (1), wherein one side surface of the shell (1) is provided with a first air inlet (110) and a first air outlet (120);
the first gas detection module (2) is arranged in the shell (1) and is used for monitoring CO 2 The concentration of the gas;
a second gas detection module (3) arranged in the shell (1) and used for monitoring H 2 、CO、C 2 H 4 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 C 3 H 6 A concentration of at least one gas in the gas mixture; and
the main control board (4) is arranged in the shell (1), and the main control board (4) is connected with the first gas detection module (2) and the second gas detection module (3) and is used for obtaining detection results of the first gas detection module (2) and the second gas detection module (3).
2. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the second gas detection module (3) comprises at least one gas detection element (32) electrically connected to the main control board (4), the at least one gas detection element (32) being configured to detect H 2 And/or CO gas.
3. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein the device is used for detecting H 2 The gas detection element for detecting CO is a thermal conductivity sensor, and the gas detection element for detecting CO is a MOX gas sensor.
4. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein a control chip and an alarm are arranged on the main control board (4), the control chip can compare the gas concentration detected by the first gas detection module (2) and the second gas detection module (3) with corresponding gas concentration thresholds, and when at least two gas concentration thresholds reach early warning values corresponding to the gas, the alarm sends out early warning signals.
5. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the other side surface of the housing (1) is further provided with a first electric plug port (112) and a second electric plug port (122), the main control board (4) comprises a first circuit board (40) and a second circuit board (42), the first circuit board (40) is provided with a first electric connector (114), the second circuit board (42) is provided with a second electric connector (124), the first electric connector (114) is electrically connected to the first gas detection module (2) and the first electric plug port (112), the second electric connector (124) is electrically connected to the second gas detection module (3) and the second electric plug port (122), the first electric connector (114) is used for outputting a monitoring result of the first gas detection module (2), and the second electric connector (124) is used for outputting a detection result of the second gas detection module (3).
6. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the housing (1) comprises a first accommodating chamber (11), a second accommodating chamber (12) and a transition chamber (13) located between the first accommodating chamber (11) and the second accommodating chamber (12), the first accommodating chamber (11), the second accommodating chamber (12) and the transition chamber (13) are mutually communicated, the first gas detection module (2) is arranged in the first accommodating chamber (11), and the second gas detection module (3) is arranged in the second accommodating chamber (12).
7. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 6, wherein the housing (1) comprises a bottom plate (101) and a cover body (102) in sealing connection with the bottom plate (101), the first gas detection module (2) and the second gas detection module (3) are respectively fixed on the bottom plate (101), the first gas inlet (110) and the first gas outlet (120) are arranged on a first side surface of the cover body (102), and the first electric plug port (112) and the second electric plug port (122) are arranged on a second side surface, opposite to the first side surface, of the cover body (102).
8. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the first gas detection module (2) comprises a shielding cover (22) and a first gas detection assembly (24) arranged in the shielding cover (22), an air inlet (220) is formed in the shielding cover (22), and the air inlet (220) corresponds to the first air inlet (110) in position.
9. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein the first gas detection assembly (24) comprises a bottom shell (240), a cover plate (241) matched with the bottom shell (240), and a light source (242) and a light detector (244) which are positioned between the bottom shell (240) and the cover plate (241), and the light detector (244) and the light source (242) can pass through the bottom shell (240) to be electrically connected with the main control board (4); the bottom shell (240) and the cover plate (241) can form a first air chamber (250) after being covered, and air entering from the air inlet (220) can enter the first air chamber (250).
10. The thermal runaway monitoring device of a lithium battery according to claim 9, wherein a detection channel (251) is formed between the light source (242) and the light detector (244), a second air inlet (252) and a second air outlet (254) corresponding to the second air inlet (252) are formed on the cover plate (241), the detection channel (251) is located between the second air inlet (252) and the second air outlet (254), and a second waterproof and breathable film (256) is respectively arranged between the second air inlet (252) and the second air outlet (254).
CN202323204112.2U 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery Active CN220381105U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202323204112.2U CN220381105U (en) 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202323204112.2U CN220381105U (en) 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN220381105U true CN220381105U (en) 2024-01-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202323204112.2U Active CN220381105U (en) 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Thermal runaway monitoring device of lithium battery

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