CN220372435U

CN220372435U - Welding device

Info

Publication number: CN220372435U
Application number: CN202321949304.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范鹏; 张军; 蔡文科; 胡珍巧; 方荣超
Original assignee: Xuzhou XCMG Excavator Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xuzhou XCMG Excavator Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-24
Filing date: 2023-07-24
Publication date: 2024-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a welding device, which comprises a laser head connected to a mounting bracket, wherein the laser head is used for sending out laser beams to a position to be welded; the wire feeding mechanism and the air feeding mechanism are respectively arranged at two sides of the laser head; the wire feeding mechanism is in sliding connection with the first fixed plate through the first sliding component, and the air feeding mechanism is in sliding connection with the second fixed plate through the second sliding component; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively connected to two sides of the mounting bracket; the first sliding component and the second sliding component are respectively used for adjusting the wire feeding position of the wire feeding mechanism and the air feeding position of the air feeding mechanism so as to realize continuous operation of narrow-gap laser filler wire welding. The utility model can automatically adjust the narrow-gap laser wire feeding position and the air feeding position, is convenient and quick to operate, realizes continuous operation of thick plate narrow-gap laser wire filling welding, and further improves welding efficiency.

Description

Welding device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to a welding device.

Background

In the manufacture of equipment such as construction machinery, ships, mining machinery, and the like, there are a large number of welding of workpieces of medium-thick plate structures; the main stream welding modes comprise fusion welding, pressure welding and brazing, and the main welding mode is mainly adopted for the welding of the medium plate because the welding of the medium plate needs higher heat input; fusion welding can be classified into gas welding, arc welding, plasma arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, and the like. Through a great deal of experimental researches, the crystal grains of a weld zone and a heat affected zone are coarsened due to higher heat input, and the mechanical properties of the weld joint are greatly affected; and laser welding and electron beam welding generate a narrower heat affected zone during welding by virtue of smaller heat input, so that the grains of the welding seam area are obviously refined, and the mechanical property of the welding joint is further improved. However, the existing narrow-gap laser filler wire welding technology still faces more difficulties, the laser heat source has a narrow range of action, the requirements on welding grooves are severe, the welding quality is directly affected by the conveying of welding shielding gas due to the fact that the welding heat source is separated from welding wires, and the continuity of laser filler wire welding is difficult to break through due to the fact that the defocusing amount needs to be adjusted during laser welding.

The Chinese patent document with the application number of 202121454681.0 proposes a shaft seat narrow-gap laser filler wire welding device, which manually adjusts the included angle between a wire feeding tube and a laser beam to realize wire feeding at different angles and different positions, and the included angle between an air feeding device and the laser beam needs to be manually adjusted; the method is only suitable for welding single-layer or less-layer workpieces with shorter welding time; for the laser filler wire welding of the medium plate, the number of welding layers is large, and the mode of manually adjusting the wire feeding position and the shielding gas conveying position of each layer not only affects the efficiency, but also is uneconomical, and the automatic continuous operation of the laser filler wire welding of the medium plate cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a welding device which can automatically adjust the position of narrow-gap laser wire feeding, is convenient and quick to operate, realizes continuous operation of thick plate narrow-gap laser wire filling welding, and further improves welding efficiency.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a welding device which comprises a laser head connected to a mounting bracket, a wire feeding mechanism and an air feeding mechanism, wherein the laser head is used for sending laser beams to a position to be welded, and the wire feeding mechanism and the air feeding mechanism are respectively arranged at two sides of the laser head;

the wire feeding mechanism is in sliding connection with the first fixed plate through the first sliding component, and the air feeding mechanism is in sliding connection with the second fixed plate through the second sliding component; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively connected to two sides of the mounting bracket;

the first sliding component and the second sliding component are respectively used for adjusting the wire feeding position of the wire feeding mechanism and the air feeding position of the air feeding mechanism so as to realize continuous operation of narrow-gap laser filler wire welding.

Optionally, the first sliding component and the second sliding component have the same structure and each comprise an automatic telescopic mechanism, a sliding block and a mounting plate; one end of the sliding block is connected with a telescopic rod of the automatic telescopic mechanism, and the other end of the sliding block is connected with the mounting plate; the two automatic telescopic mechanisms are respectively arranged on the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively provided with a sliding groove for clamping the two sliding blocks.

Optionally, the automatic telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic telescopic rod.

Optionally, the wire feeding mechanism is connected with the mounting plate of the first sliding component through a first connecting piece, and the first connecting piece is used for fixing the wire feeding mechanism and adjusting the angle of wire feeding;

the air supply mechanism is connected with the mounting plate of the second sliding assembly through a second connecting piece, and the second connecting piece is used for fixing the air supply mechanism and adjusting the air supply angle.

Optionally, the wire feeding direction of the wire feeding mechanism forms an included angle of 20-80 degrees with the laser beam, and the air feeding direction of the air feeding mechanism forms an included angle of 20-80 degrees with the laser beam.

Optionally, a U-shaped groove is formed at one end of the mounting plate, and threaded through holes for the first mounting bolts to pass through are formed in groove walls at two sides of the U-shaped groove.

Optionally, one end of the first connecting piece is fastened between two side inner walls of the U-shaped groove in the mounting plate through a first mounting bolt; the other end of the first connecting piece is provided with a groove, and threaded through holes for the second mounting bolts to pass through are formed in the groove walls of the two sides of the groove; the wire feeding mechanism is fastened between the inner walls of the two sides of the groove through a second mounting bolt.

Optionally, one end of the second connecting piece is fastened between two side inner walls of the U-shaped groove in the mounting plate through a first mounting bolt; the air supply pipe of the air supply mechanism is connected to the other end of the second connecting piece through the mounting block.

Optionally, the mounting block is provided with a perforation for passing through the air supply pipe, and a first screw hole and a second screw hole perpendicular to the perforation; the first screw hole is communicated with the through hole, and the second screw hole is not communicated with the through hole; after the screw rod of the fastening bolt is screwed into the first screw hole, the air supply pipe is fastened in the through hole; the screw rod of the third mounting bolt passes through the mounting through hole on the second connecting piece and then is fastened on the second screw hole of the mounting block.

Optionally, the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate are respectively connected at two ends of the cross beam, and the cross beam is connected with the mounting bracket.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

in the narrow-gap laser filler wire welding process, the front end of the welding wire is conveyed to a preset position through the wire feeding mechanism so as to ensure that the welding wire is overlapped with the laser beam to perform normal welding filler wire operation, and the relative position of the welding wire of the wire feeding mechanism and the focus of the laser beam is automatically adjusted by utilizing the first sliding component so as to ensure the continuity of the laser filler wire welding operation; the utility model relates to a welding device, in particular to a welding device for welding a workpiece, which is characterized in that the gas supply position of the gas supply mechanism is automatically adjusted according to the change of welding positions, and a gas exhaust pipe is generally adopted to supply gas to increase the area of shielding gas so as to ensure coverage to each welding position.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front perspective view of a welding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic rear perspective view of a welding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a wire feeder and a first slip assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between an air delivery mechanism and a second sliding assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure between an air pipe and a mounting block of an air feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of three different operating positions of a wire feeder provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

in the figure: 1. a mounting bracket; 2. a laser head; 3. a laser beam; 4. a wire feeding mechanism; 5. an air supply mechanism; 6. a first slip assembly; 7. a first fixing plate; 8. a second slip assembly; 9. a second fixing plate; 101. an automatic telescoping mechanism; 102. a slide block; 103. a mounting plate; 104. a first connector; 105. a second connector; 106. a first mounting bolt; 107. a second mounting bolt; 108. a mounting block; 109. a fastening bolt; 110. a third mounting bolt; 111. and a cross beam.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

As shown in FIG. 1, the welding device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can automatically adjust the narrow-gap laser wire feeding position, is convenient to operate, and can realize continuous operation of thick plate narrow-gap laser wire filling welding; the welding device comprises a laser head 2 connected to a mounting bracket 1, and emits a laser beam 3 to a position to be welded when a workpiece is welded; the welding machine comprises a laser head 2, a wire feeding mechanism 4 and an air feeding mechanism 5, wherein the wire feeding mechanism 4 is connected with a first fixed plate 7 in a sliding way through a first sliding component 6, and a welding wire is fed to a position to be welded during welding, so that the welding wire can be smoothly subjected to self-melting, filling and cover surface welding; the air supply mechanism 5 is in sliding connection with the second fixed plate 9 through the second sliding component 8; and during welding, the welding shielding gas is conveyed to the junction of the welding wire and the laser beam 3, so that the precise protection of the shielding gas on a welding pool is ensured, and the quality of a welding joint is ensured; the first fixing plate 7 and the second fixing plate 9 are respectively connected to two sides of the mounting bracket 1, specifically, the first fixing plate 7 and the second fixing plate 9 are respectively arranged between the inner walls of two ends of the upper and lower pairs of cross beams 11 through bolts, wherein the upper pair of cross beams 11 are fixed on the mounting bracket 1 through bolts; the first sliding component 6 and the second sliding component 8 are respectively used for adjusting the wire feeding position of the wire feeding mechanism 4 and the air feeding position of the air feeding mechanism 5 so as to realize continuous operation of narrow-gap laser filler wire welding.

Referring to fig. 2, the first sliding component 6 and the second sliding component 8 provided in this embodiment have the same structure, and each include an automatic telescopic mechanism 101 and a slider 102 mounting plate 103; one end of the sliding block 102 is connected with a telescopic rod of the automatic telescopic mechanism 101, and the other end of the sliding block 102 is connected with the mounting plate 103; the two automatic telescopic mechanisms 101 are respectively arranged on the first fixed plate 7 and the second fixed plate 9; the first fixing plate 7 and the second fixing plate 9 are respectively provided with a chute for clamping the sliding block 102, and a limiting plate is arranged at the lower end of the chute so as to prevent the sliding block 102 from sliding out of the chute; further, the automatic telescopic mechanism 101 may be an electric telescopic rod, a telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic rod, or the like; in this embodiment, the pneumatic telescopic rod with higher precision is preferable, the controller controls the charging and discharging to adjust the pneumatic telescopic rod, so as to adjust the position of the sliding block 102, and the pneumatic telescopic rod is adjusted to adjust the positions of the wire feeding mechanism 4 and the air feeding mechanism 5 respectively.

As an embodiment of the present utility model, the wire feeding mechanism 4 is connected to the mounting plate 103 of the first sliding assembly 6 through the first connector 104, and the first connector 104 is used for fixing the wire feeding mechanism 4 and adjusting the wire feeding angle; the air feeding mechanism 5 is connected to the mounting plate 103 of the second slider assembly 8 via a second connector 105, and the second connector 105 is used for fixing the air feeding mechanism 5 and adjusting the air feeding angle.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, one end of the mounting plate 103 provided in this embodiment is provided with a U-shaped groove, and two side groove walls of the U-shaped groove are provided with threaded through holes for the first mounting bolts 106 to pass through; one end of the first connecting piece 104 is fastened between the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped groove in the mounting plate 103 through a first mounting bolt 106; the other end of the first connecting piece 104 is provided with a groove, and the groove walls on two sides of the groove are provided with threaded through holes for the second mounting bolts 107 to pass through; the wire feeder 4 is fastened between the inner walls of the recess on both sides by means of a second mounting bolt 107.

As shown in fig. 4, one end of the second connecting piece 105 provided in the present embodiment is fastened between two side inner walls of the U-shaped groove in the mounting plate 103 by the first mounting bolt 106; the air feed pipe of the air feed mechanism 5 is connected to the other end of the second connector 105 via the mounting block 108. Further, referring to fig. 5, the mounting block 108 is provided with a penetration hole for penetrating the air supply pipe, and a first screw hole and a second screw hole perpendicular to the penetration hole; the first screw hole is communicated with the through hole, and the second screw hole is not communicated with the through hole; the air supply pipe is fastened in the perforation after the screw rod of the fastening bolt 109 is screwed into the first screw hole; the screw rod passing through the third mounting bolt 110 passes through the mounting through hole on the second connecting member 105 and is then fastened to the second screw hole of the mounting block 108.

It should be further noted that, when the welding device provided in this embodiment is operated, the front wire feeding mode is adopted to perform narrow gap laser filler wire welding, the front wire feeding means that in the welding process, the feeding direction of the welding wire is opposite to the welding direction, and after the welding wire is fed to the position to be welded, the laser beam melts the welding wire, and the wire feeding mode avoids insufficient melting caused by the deviation of the wire feeding angle, so that the welding process is unstable. In the welding process, the welding pool is protected by adopting protective gas, so that the defects of air holes and the like at the joint after welding are avoided; the wire feeding direction of the wire feeding mechanism 4 forms an included angle of 20-80 degrees with the laser beam 3, the air feeding direction of the air feeding mechanism 5 forms an included angle of 20-80 degrees with the laser beam 3, and the laser beam forms an included angle of 87 degrees with the workpiece during welding, so that laser damage caused by laser reflection is avoided. In addition, the narrow-gap laser filler wire welding has higher requirements on a laser, the defocusing amount and the spot diameter of a laser beam have larger influence on the welding quality of a workpiece, when the defocusing amount is 0mm, the spot diameter is minimum, the larger the defocusing amount is, the larger the spot diameter is, and the spot diameter is required to be continuously increased to adapt to the welding of a welding bead with a wider groove for the welding of a narrow-gap groove. As an improvement, in the embodiment, when the medium plate is welded, filler wire welding is not required at the blunt edge, and 0 to +3mm defocused laser beam is adopted to weld the base metal; filling wire welding is needed to be carried out on the filling layer, and laser filling wire welding is carried out on the filling layer by adopting a +15mm defocused laser beam; and (3) filling wire welding is needed at the cover layer, and laser filling wire welding is adopted for the filling layer by adopting a +20mm defocused laser beam.

Referring to fig. 6, the relative heights of the weld pool and the laser beam 3 are changed due to the difference in defocus amounts at the three welding positions, and the relative heights of the wire feeder 4, the air feeder 5, and the laser beam 3 need to be adjusted during continuous welding; as an improvement, the controller can be used for carrying out signal output control on the pneumatic telescopic rod so as to change the relative positions of the wire feeding mechanism 4, the air feeding mechanism 5 and the laser beam 3, when the wire feeding mechanism 4 and the air feeding mechanism 5 move to the position 1, the welding wire is far away from the welding seam, the distance between the shielding gas device and the welding pool is a fixed value, the position 1 is mainly used for pure laser welding, and the defocusing amount of the laser beam is 0 to +3mm at the moment; when the wire feeding mechanism 4 and the air feeding mechanism 5 move to the position 2 or the position 3, the welding wire stretches into the weld groove to carry out narrow-gap laser filler wire welding, the distance between the shielding gas device and the junction of the laser beam and the welding wire is a fixed value when the shielding gas device is positioned at the position 2 or the position 3, and the defocusing amount of the laser beam is +15mm or +20mm respectively. Further stated, the device provided by the embodiment can be designed with more position choices, is applicable to laser filler wire welding with wider groove depth and groove width, and effectively avoids repeated adjustment of the positions of the welding wire and the laser focus when filling deeper or wider grooves.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The welding device comprises a laser head (2) connected to a mounting bracket (1), and emits a laser beam (3) to a position to be welded through the laser head (2), and is characterized by further comprising a wire feeding mechanism (4) and an air feeding mechanism (5) which are respectively arranged at two sides of the laser head (2);

the wire feeding mechanism (4) is in sliding connection with the first fixed plate (7) through the first sliding component (6), and the air feeding mechanism (5) is in sliding connection with the second fixed plate (9) through the second sliding component (8); the first fixing plate (7) and the second fixing plate (9) are respectively connected to two sides of the mounting bracket (1);

the first sliding component (6) and the second sliding component (8) are respectively used for adjusting the wire feeding position of the wire feeding mechanism (4) and the air feeding position of the air feeding mechanism (5) so as to realize continuous operation of narrow-gap laser filler wire welding.

2. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second sliding assemblies (6, 8) are structurally identical, each comprising an automatic telescopic mechanism (101), a slider (102) and a mounting plate (103); one end of the sliding block (102) is connected with a telescopic rod of the automatic telescopic mechanism (101), and the other end of the sliding block (102) is connected with the mounting plate (103); the two automatic telescopic mechanisms (101) are respectively arranged on the first fixed plate (7) and the second fixed plate (9); the first fixing plate (7) and the second fixing plate (9) are respectively provided with a sliding groove for clamping the sliding block (102).

3. Welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the automatic telescopic mechanism (101) is a pneumatic telescopic rod.

4. A welding device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the wire feed mechanism (4) is connected to the mounting plate (103) of the first slip assembly (6) by means of a first connection (104), the first connection (104) being used for fixing the wire feed mechanism (4) and adjusting the angle of the wire feed;

the air supply mechanism (5) is connected with the mounting plate (103) of the second sliding assembly (8) through a second connecting piece (105), and the second connecting piece (105) is used for fixing the air supply mechanism (5) and adjusting the air supply angle.

5. Welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that the wire feeding direction of the wire feeding mechanism (4) forms an angle of 20-80 ° with the laser beam (3), and the direction of the air feeding mechanism (5) forms an angle of 20-80 ° with the laser beam (3).

6. The welding device according to claim 4, wherein one end of the mounting plate (103) is provided with a U-shaped groove, and both side groove walls of the U-shaped groove are provided with threaded through holes for the first mounting bolts (106) to pass through.

7. The welding device according to claim 6, wherein one end of the first connecting piece (104) is fastened between two side inner walls of the U-shaped groove in the mounting plate (103) by means of a first mounting bolt (106); the other end of the first connecting piece (104) is provided with a groove, and threaded through holes for the second mounting bolts (107) to pass through are formed in the wall of each of two sides of the groove; the wire feeding mechanism (4) is fastened between the inner walls of the two sides of the groove through a second mounting bolt (107).

8. The welding device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that one end of the second connecting piece (105) is fastened between the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped groove in the mounting plate (103) by means of a first mounting bolt (106); the air supply pipe of the air supply mechanism (5) is connected to the other end of the second connecting piece (105) through a mounting block (108).

9. The welding device according to claim 8, wherein the mounting block (108) is provided with a through hole for passing through the air supply pipe, and a first screw hole and a second screw hole perpendicular to the through hole; the first screw hole is communicated with the through hole, and the second screw hole is not communicated with the through hole; the air supply pipe is fastened in the perforation after the screw rod of the fastening bolt (109) is screwed into the first screw hole; the screw rod of the third mounting bolt (110) passes through the mounting through hole on the second connecting piece (105) and then is fastened on the second screw hole of the mounting block (108).

10. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second fixing plates (7, 9) are connected to the ends of a cross beam (11), respectively, the cross beam (11) being connected to the mounting bracket (1).