CN220341445U - Safety diaphragm and ion battery - Google Patents
Safety diaphragm and ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN220341445U CN220341445U CN202321812014.4U CN202321812014U CN220341445U CN 220341445 U CN220341445 U CN 220341445U CN 202321812014 U CN202321812014 U CN 202321812014U CN 220341445 U CN220341445 U CN 220341445U
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- deformation
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- temperature
- thermal
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical group O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical group CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical group [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present utility model provides a safety separator and an ion battery, the separator comprising: the support layer and set up in the deformation layer of one surface or two surfaces of support layer, and run through the support layer with a plurality of holes of deformation layer. In the embodiment of the utility model, when the temperature of the battery rises to the thermal runaway temperature of the battery, the deformation layer deforms to enable the holes on the supporting layer to be staggered with the holes on the deformation layer so as to close the ion operation channel in the battery, thereby realizing the effect of cutting off the internal current of the battery, avoiding the ignition and burning of the battery and preventing the danger.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of ion batteries, in particular to a safety diaphragm and an ion battery.
Background
Ion batteries have been developed for decades from birth, and most of mobile phones on the market are built-in ion batteries, and although the ion batteries are developed for decades, the ion batteries cannot guarantee hundred percent safety, and even explosion can occur in certain specific environments. Therefore, the safety problem of the use of the ion battery cannot be ignored, the ion battery can be obtained according to the electric power formula w= UIt, and under the condition that the current flowing through the battery is the same in the same time, the higher the discharge voltage of the battery is, the greater the acting power is, namely the higher the internal resistance is, the acting power and the heating are, and the temperature of the battery is also gradually increased; the working temperature of the battery is too high, so that serious thermal hazard effect is caused, and safety accidents such as fire and explosion are finally caused.
Currently, there is a need for a battery that can solve the problem of easy ignition and burning of the battery due to the uncontrolled internal temperature of the battery, and that can cut off the current and thus prevent the battery from burning when the internal temperature of the battery is out of control.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the embodiments of the present utility model is to provide a safety diaphragm and an ion battery, so as to solve the technical problem that the battery is easy to burn due to the fact that the temperature inside the battery is out of control and heat is hard to digest in the battery.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a safety diaphragm, the diaphragm including: the support layer and set up in the deformation layer of one surface or two surfaces of support layer, and run through the support layer with a plurality of holes of deformation layer.
In some possible embodiments, the plurality of holes are disposed on the support layer and the deformation layer at intervals.
In some possible embodiments, the support layer and the deformation layer are both made of a thermal deformation material.
In some possible embodiments, the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer is below the thermal runaway temperature of the battery.
In some possible embodiments, the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer is 1 to 50 degrees below the thermal runaway temperature of the battery.
In some possible embodiments, the support layer has a thermal deformation temperature that is higher than the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer.
In some possible embodiments, the thermal deformation material is a memory material that deforms when the temperature of the battery increases and returns to its original shape when the temperature of the battery decreases.
In some possible embodiments, the support layer is polypropylene, polystyrene, polychloroethylene, polyethylene, or polyamide.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an ion battery, including: the lithium ion battery comprises a shell, and a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, electrolyte and a diaphragm which are arranged in the shell; wherein the diaphragm is positioned between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate;
the positive electrode plate comprises a current collector and a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is coated on the surface of the current collector;
the negative electrode plate comprises the current collector and a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is coated on the surface of the current collector.
In some possible embodiments, the current collector comprises:
the flexible substrate layer is made of a high polymer material;
the flexible substrate layer contains thermal deformation particles, the thermal deformation particles are embedded into the flexible substrate layer, and the surfaces of the thermal deformation particles are flush with the surface of the flexible substrate layer.
The beneficial technical effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a safety diaphragm and an ion battery, wherein the diaphragm comprises: the support layer and set up in the deformation layer of one surface or two surfaces of support layer, and run through the support layer with a plurality of holes of deformation layer. In the embodiment of the utility model, when the temperature of the battery rises to the thermal runaway temperature of the battery, the deformation layer deforms to enable the holes on the supporting layer to be staggered with the holes on the deformation layer so as to close the ion operation channel in the battery, thereby realizing the effect of cutting off the internal current of the battery, avoiding the ignition and burning of the battery and preventing the danger.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a rupture disk according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a safety diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a rupture disk according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ion battery according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a diaphragm; 10. a support layer; 11. a deformation layer; 12. a hole;
2. an ion battery; 20. a housing; 21. a positive electrode sheet; 22. and a negative pole piece.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the utility model are described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the utility model. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present utility model may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the utility model by showing examples of the utility model. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to unnecessarily obscure the present utility model; also, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a top view of a rupture disk according to an embodiment of the present utility model, fig. 2 is a side view of a rupture disk according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a rupture disk according to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the diaphragm 1 including: the supporting layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 arranged on one surface or two surfaces of the supporting layer 10, and a plurality of holes 12 penetrating through the supporting layer 10 and the deformation layer 11, namely, the holes 12 in the embodiment penetrate through the supporting layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 at the same time, when the temperature of the battery rises to the thermal runaway temperature of the battery, the deformation layer 11 can deform, so that the holes 12 on the supporting layer 10 are partially or completely staggered with the holes 12 on the deformation layer 11, the effect of ion operation channels in the battery is reduced or closed, and the internal current of the battery is cut off, so that the battery is prevented from burning due to fire, and the occurrence of danger is prevented.
In some embodiments, the holes 12 are spaced between the support layer 10 and the deformation layer 11, for example, they may be arranged in rows or columns, and the shape of the holes 12 may be circular, square, or triangular, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and the ions in the battery are transmitted from the holes 12. In some embodiments, the support layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 may be made of a thermal deformation material. The supporting layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 in this embodiment may be made of a material that can deform at a specific temperature, i.e. a thermal deformation material, when the temperature of the battery approaches the ignition point or has a tendency to burn, i.e. when the deformation temperature of the supporting layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 is reached, the supporting layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 begin to deform gradually due to the increase of the temperature, so that the holes 12 on the supporting layer 10 and the holes 12 on the deformation layer 11 can be partially or completely staggered, and the partial ion transmission inside the battery is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of thermal runaway.
In some embodiments, the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer 11 is below the thermal runaway temperature of the cell. Specifically, the lithium titanate battery and the lithium iron battery are taken as examples, the thermal runaway temperatures of the lithium titanate battery and the lithium iron battery are respectively 150 ℃ and 200 ℃, when the thermal runaway temperatures are respectively 150 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of the thermal deformation material is lower than 150 ℃, when the thermal runaway temperatures of the thermal deformation material are respectively 200 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of the thermal deformation material is lower than 200 ℃, the thermal deformation material of the supporting layer 10 can be Polyethylene (PE) or polyamide, and the thermal deformation temperature of the thermal deformation material is 100 °; in addition, in the present embodiment, the thermal runaway temperature of the battery can be found by the hot box test.
In some embodiments, the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer 11 is 1 degree to 50 degrees lower than the thermal runaway temperature of the battery. In this embodiment, the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer 11 is lower than the thermal runaway temperature by 1-50 ℃ for example, 50 ℃ is used as an example, when the battery temperature reaches the thermal runaway temperature by 50 ℃, the deformation layer 11 starts to slightly deform, so that the holes 12 on the deformation layer 11 and the holes 12 on the support layer 10 can be partially staggered, and the partial ion transmission inside the battery can be reduced or isolated, thereby reducing the probability of thermal runaway. When the temperature reaches the thermal runaway temperature, the deformation layer 11 and the supporting layer 10 deform simultaneously, the holes 12 on the deformation layer 11 are staggered with the holes 12 on the supporting layer 10, and partial ion transmission in the battery is isolated, so that the probability of thermal runaway can be reduced; at the same time, the thermal deformation itself of the deformation layer 11 and the support layer 10 absorbs a certain amount of heat, thereby further reducing the risk of combustion of the battery.
In some embodiments, the thermal deformation temperature of the support layer 10 is higher than the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer 11. In this embodiment, the thermal deformation temperature of the supporting layer 10 may be greater than the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer 11, so that when the battery temperature has not reached the thermal runaway temperature, only the deformation layer 11 deforms, so that the holes 12 above the deformation layer 11 and the holes 12 above the supporting layer 10 can be partially staggered, and the partial ion transmission inside the battery is reduced or isolated, thereby reducing the probability of thermal runaway, and the whole diaphragm 1 can be continuously used after the battery is cooled.
In some embodiments, the thermally deformable material is a memory material. In this embodiment, the thermal deformation material is preferably a deformation material having a memory effect, i.e., a memory material; the deformation material with memory effect means that the deformation material is deformed at a certain temperature, but when the temperature is reduced, the deformation material is restored to a state without deformation, particularly when the temperature of the battery is not restored from the thermal runaway temperature to a certain temperature space, and at this time, the risk of thermal runaway is reduced, but the efficiency of the battery is reduced when the temperature is reduced, however, if the deformation material with memory effect is used, after the deformation material deforms to close the part of the hole 12, the deformation material can be restored, and the use of the battery after the temperature rise and the temperature drop is not reduced. In this embodiment, the memory effect thermal deformation material may be a memory alloy material in the existing materials. That is, the deformation layer 11 in the present embodiment can be restored, and the performance of the battery is not affected after restoration.
In some embodiments, the support layer 10 may be polypropylene, polystyrene, polychloroetene, polyethylene, or polyamide. Specifically, the thermal deformation temperature of polypropylene (PP) is 160 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of Polystyrene (PS) is 200 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of Polychloroethylene (PVC) is 220 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of polypropylene (PP) is 160 ℃, the thermal deformation temperature of Polystyrene (PS) is 200 ℃, and the thermal deformation temperature of Polychloroethylene (PVC) is 220 ℃, the material of the support layer 10 in this embodiment can be selected according to the thermal runaway temperature of the battery, as long as the thermal deformation temperature of the material of the support layer 10 is lower than the thermal runaway temperature of the battery.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an ion battery of the present utility model, and as shown in fig. 4, the ion battery 2 includes: a case 20, a positive electrode tab 21, a negative electrode tab 22, an electrolyte and a separator 1 provided inside the case 20; wherein the separator 1 is located between the positive electrode tab 21 and the negative electrode tab 22. In this embodiment, the support layer 10 and the deformation layer 11 of the separator 1 separate the positive electrode tab 21 and the negative electrode tab 22.
In addition, in the embodiment, the positive electrode plate comprises a current collector and a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is coated on the surface of the current collector; the negative electrode plate comprises a current collector and a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is coated on the surface of the current collector.
In some embodiments, the current collector may include: the flexible substrate layer is made of high polymer materials; the flexible substrate layer contains thermal deformation particles, the thermal deformation particles are embedded into the flexible substrate layer, and the surfaces of the thermal deformation particles are flush with the surface of the flexible substrate layer.
In this embodiment, since the deformation temperature of the thermal deformation particle material is less than the thermal runaway temperature of the battery, when the battery temperature increases, the thermal deformation particle material deforms to burst the metal layer, thereby breaking the metal layer, further blocking the current, and preventing the thermal runaway of the battery.
In the embodiment of the utility model, when the temperature of the ion battery 2 rises to the thermal runaway temperature of the battery, the deformation layer 11 deforms, so that the holes 12 on the support layer 10 are partially or completely staggered with the holes 12 on the deformation layer 11, thereby reducing or closing the function of ion operation channels in the battery, further realizing cutting off the internal current of the battery, avoiding the ignition and burning of the battery and preventing the danger.
In some embodiments, the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, a solute and an additive, wherein the solute mass fraction is 53% to 60%, the organic solvent is ethylene carbonate, the solute is lithium perchlorate, and the additive is lithium difluorooxalato borate. In this embodiment, the solute mass fraction of the electrolyte is 53% to 60%, wherein the organic solvent is ethylene carbonate, the solute is lithium perchlorate, and the additive is lithium difluorooxalato borate. In this embodiment, the solute mass fraction of the electrolyte is 53% to 60% to improve the energy density of the lithium battery.
In addition, the anode material coated on the anode piece 22 is lithium carbonate slurry, the lithium carbonate slurry is coated on two sides of the conductive film, the coated lithium carbonate slurry comprises a solvent, a binder and a conductive agent, the solvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone, and the ratio of the N-methyl pyrrolidone, the binder and the conductive agent is 92.5:5:2.5, the solid content of the lithium titanate slurry is 67.5%, and in the embodiment, the ratio of the conductive agent to the binder can make the binding force of the whole binder and the current collector stronger and the conductivity better; the solid content of the lithium titanate slurry can enable lithium ions to be better deintercalated and intercalated.
In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper, lower, inner and outer", etc. in terms are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or suggesting that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected, and coupled" in embodiments of the utility model are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined, for example: can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integral connection; it may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a direct connection, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be a communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
While the utility model has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the utility model. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A safety diaphragm (1), characterized in that the safety diaphragm (1) comprises: the support layer (10) and the deformation layer (11) arranged on one surface or two surfaces of the support layer (10), and a plurality of holes (12) penetrating through the support layer (10) and the deformation layer (11).
2. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said holes (12) are arranged at intervals on said support layer (10) and said deformation layer (11).
3. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the support layer (10) and the deformation layer (11) are both heat deformable materials.
4. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer (11) is lower than the thermal runaway temperature of the battery.
5. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer (11) is 1 to 50 degrees lower than the thermal runaway temperature of the battery.
6. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermal deformation temperature of the support layer (10) is higher than the thermal deformation temperature of the deformation layer (11).
7. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermal deformation material is a memory material which deforms when the temperature of the battery increases and returns to its original shape when the temperature of the battery decreases.
8. A safety diaphragm (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the support layer (10) is polypropylene, polystyrene, polychloroethylene, polyethylene or polyamide.
9. An ion battery (2), characterized in that the ion battery (2) comprises: -a housing (20), and-a positive electrode sheet (21), a negative electrode sheet (22), an electrolyte and a separator (1) according to any one of claims 1-8, arranged inside said housing (20); wherein,
the diaphragm (1) is positioned between the positive electrode plate (21) and the negative electrode plate (22);
the positive electrode piece (21) comprises a current collector and a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is coated on the surface of the current collector;
the negative electrode tab (22) includes the current collector and a negative electrode active material coated on a surface of the current collector.
10. An ionic cell (2) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the current collector comprises:
the flexible substrate layer is made of a high polymer material;
the flexible substrate layer contains thermal deformation particles, the thermal deformation particles are embedded into the flexible substrate layer, and the surfaces of the thermal deformation particles are flush with the surface of the flexible substrate layer;
the metal layer is disposed on the flexible substrate layer and the thermally deformable particles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321812014.4U CN220341445U (en) | 2023-07-11 | 2023-07-11 | Safety diaphragm and ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321812014.4U CN220341445U (en) | 2023-07-11 | 2023-07-11 | Safety diaphragm and ion battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220341445U true CN220341445U (en) | 2024-01-12 |
Family
ID=89451185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321812014.4U Active CN220341445U (en) | 2023-07-11 | 2023-07-11 | Safety diaphragm and ion battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220341445U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-11 CN CN202321812014.4U patent/CN220341445U/en active Active
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