CN220339062U - Clay calcination system - Google Patents
Clay calcination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN220339062U CN220339062U CN202322014504.6U CN202322014504U CN220339062U CN 220339062 U CN220339062 U CN 220339062U CN 202322014504 U CN202322014504 U CN 202322014504U CN 220339062 U CN220339062 U CN 220339062U
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- flue gas
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- rotary kiln
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrogen hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model provides a clay calcining system, wherein the kiln tail of a rotary kiln is provided with a raw material inlet and a first flue gas outlet; the kiln head of the rotary kiln is communicated with a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with a main burner, the main burner and/or the combustion chamber is provided with a fuel inlet for introducing fuel, and the combustion chamber and/or the main burner is provided with an air inlet for introducing air; the flue gas treatment device is used for carrying out cooling treatment on the high-temperature flue gas; the inlet end of the cooler is provided with a kiln outlet material inlet and a second flue gas outlet; the kiln outlet material inlet is communicated with a blanking point of the kiln head of the rotary kiln and is used for introducing high Wen Chuyao materials and unburned or burned dust containing carbon of fuel; the second flue gas outlet is respectively communicated with the rotary kiln and the air inlet and is used for guiding out reducing gas generated when dust contacts with low-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange. According to the system provided by the utility model, the color of the calcined material can be ensured to be gray.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of clay calcination, in particular to a clay calcination system.
Background
It is counted that the carbon emission of the cement industry is about 7% of the carbon emission worldwide, and the carbon emission of the cement industry in China is about 13% of the carbon emission in the whole society. Wherein, a great part of cement produced in China is silicate cement. At present, aluminosilicate minerals replace the traditional silicate cement clinker to realize low carbon emission, and the main component of clay is the aluminosilicate minerals, so that a feasible way for obtaining the aluminosilicate minerals is obtained by calcining the clay. The calcination apparatus commonly used in industry is a rotary kiln.
In the process of implementing the present utility model, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
in the calcined clay production process, if the iron oxide contained in the components exceeds 5% by weight, the produced calcined clay product may appear as a reddish brown color, and may affect the color of LC3 cement after mixing with cement clinker. In addition, in the field, the flue gas or waste gas generated by calcination is simply treated by filtration, adsorption and the like and then discharged into the atmosphere, so that the pollution degree is reduced, but the problem of resource waste exists to a certain extent.
There is therefore a need for a clay calcination system that at least partially addresses the above-described technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the utility model provides a clay calcining system which can ensure that the color of calcined materials is gray.
The utility model provides a clay calcining system, which comprises a rotary kiln, a flue gas treatment device and a cooler; the kiln tail of the rotary kiln is provided with a raw material inlet and a first smoke outlet, the raw material inlet is used for introducing raw materials to be calcined, and the first smoke outlet is used for guiding out high-temperature smoke generated during calcination;
the kiln head of the rotary kiln is communicated with a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with a main burner, the main burner and/or the combustion chamber is provided with a fuel inlet for introducing fuel, and the combustion chamber and/or the main burner is provided with an air inlet for introducing air.
The flue gas treatment device is used for carrying out cooling treatment on the high-temperature flue gas guided out through the first flue gas outlet, and the low-temperature flue gas formed after treatment is communicated to the cooler through a circulating pipeline; and
the inlet end of the cooler is provided with a kiln outlet material inlet and a second flue gas outlet; the kiln outlet material inlet is communicated to a discharging point of the kiln head of the rotary kiln through a connecting pipeline and is used for introducing high Wen Chuyao materials and unburned or burned dust containing carbon of fuel after the calcination of the rotary kiln; the second flue gas outlet is respectively communicated to the rotary kiln and the air inlet through pipelines and is used for guiding out reducing gas generated when the dust containing carbon contacts with low-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange.
According to the system of the utility model, the high-temperature flue gas (with very low oxygen content, mainly CO and CO) generated during calcination in the rotary kiln 2 Mainly) is treated by a flue gas treatment device and then becomes low-temperature flue gas (or waste gas) with low temperature (generally 70-80 ℃), wherein the low-temperature flue gas inherits the oxygen content of the high-temperature flue gas to be very low and has a certain amount of CO and CO 2 After entering the cooler, on one hand, the material is used as cooling air to exchange heat with the high-temperature kiln-discharging material (about 600 ℃ C.) to reduce the temperature of the high-Wen Chuyao material for subsequent process use, and on the other hand, the CO in the low-temperature flue gas is used as a heat exchanger 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out Boolean reaction with unreacted carbon in unburned fuel or unburned dust containing carbon of high Wen Chuyao materials mixed at a high temperature to generate more reducing gas CO; through the above heat exchange, the low-temperature flue gas has more reducing gas CO, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is increased (about 200 ℃), the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is divided into two parts, one part enters the rotary kiln, the other part goes to the combustion chamber and the main burner, and the calcination atmosphere in the rotary kiln is ensured to be the reducing atmosphere, so that the color of the calcined material is ensured to be grey. Meanwhile, the system of the utility model enables the high-temperature flue gas generated during the calcination of the rotary kiln to be recycled, thereby reducing carbon emission. In addition, the low-temperature flue gas has higher temperature (about 200 ℃) compared with the normal-temperature air, so that the fuel consumption can be reduced.
Optionally, the flue gas treatment device comprises at least one of the following:
the cyclone separator is used for separating materials and waste gas from the high-temperature flue gas;
the desulfurizing tower is used for desulfurizing the high-temperature flue gas;
the dust collector is used for removing dust from the high-temperature flue gas;
and the RTO device is used for eliminating volatile organic compounds in the high-temperature flue gas.
Optionally, the flue gas treatment device comprises the cyclone separator, the desulfurizing tower, the dust collector and the RTO device (i.e. a thermal storage type thermal incinerator) which are sequentially connected:
the materials separated by the cyclone separator also enter the rotary kiln again through the raw material inlet. And/or the material obtained after dust removal by the dust collector enters the rotary kiln again through the raw material inlet.
Optionally, the inner cavity of the cooler is also communicated with a water spraying device which can spray water for cooling the high-temperature kiln-exiting material.
In this embodiment, the water spraying device cools the high Wen Chuyao material by spraying water, so as to further enhance the cooling effect of the high Wen Chuyao material. In addition to being able to cool the high Wen Chuyao material, some of the water becomes steam when in contact with the high Wen Chuyao material, and the steam reacts with the unburned fuel of the high Wen Chuyao material mixed at high temperature or unreacted carbon in the burned carbonaceous dust to produce reducing gases CO and H 2 The partial reducing gases CO and H are generated 2 And the low-temperature flue gas enters the rotary kiln together with the heat-exchanged low-temperature flue gas and goes to the combustion chamber and the main burner, so that the calcining atmosphere in the rotary kiln is further ensured to be a reducing atmosphere, and the color of the calcined material is ensured to be grey.
Optionally, the water spraying device includes:
the first water spraying device is positioned at the inlet end of the cooler and is used for rapidly cooling the high-temperature kiln-discharging material;
the second water spraying device is positioned at the outlet end of the cooler and used for controlling the temperature of the high-temperature kiln-discharging material passing through the outlet end of the cooler to be lower than a preset threshold value in a linkage mode with the first water spraying device.
In this embodiment, the first water spraying device at the inlet end of the cooler is used to quickly cool the high Wen Chuyao material entering the cooler (from about 600 ℃ to below 300 ℃), so that the calcined material (high-temperature kiln-discharging material) can be prevented from being discolored. The second water spraying device is used for controlling in a linkage way with the first water spraying device, and controlling the temperature of the high Wen Chuyao material passing through the outlet end of the cooler to be below a preset threshold (for example, 80-150 degrees) so as to meet the requirement of the subsequent process. The first water spraying device or the second water spraying device can be provided with a control device or an externally coupled control device, and a temperature sensor which can monitor the temperature of the high Wen Chuyao material passing through the outlet end of the cooler in real time, and the control device adjusts the water spraying flow of the first water spraying device or the second water spraying device according to the comparison result of the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor and a preset threshold value. When the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor is larger than a preset threshold value, increasing the water spraying flow of the first water spraying device or the second water spraying device; when the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor is smaller than a preset threshold value, water spraying of the second water spraying device is reduced; the regulation and control process is a common existing regulation and control technology, does not involve the modification of an internal program, and is based on the function set by the control device.
Optionally, the flue gas treated by the flue gas treatment device is also communicated to a chimney through an exhaust pipeline.
Optionally, an auxiliary burner is further arranged at a position close to the blanking point of the kiln head of the rotary kiln, so that oxygen entering the rotary kiln is further consumed.
By utilizing the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the beneficial effects can be obtained at least in that:
1. the high-temperature flue gas generated during the calcination in the rotary kiln is treated by the flue gas treatment device and then is used for cooling the high Wen Chuyao material again. On the one hand, the low-temperature flue gas after treatment is used as cooling air to reduce the temperature of high Wen Chuyao materials, on the other hand, the low-temperature flue gas after treatment is not burnt out with fuel of the high Wen Chuyao materials mixed in a high-temperature state or unreacted carbon in the burnt-out dust containing carbon is subjected to Boolean reaction to generate more reducing gas CO, and the reducing gas CO enters a rotary kiln, a combustion chamber and a main burner to ensure that the calcining atmosphere in the rotary kiln is the reducing atmosphere, so that the color of the calcined materials is gray; in addition, the low-temperature flue gas has higher temperature (about 200 ℃) compared with the normal-temperature air, so that the fuel consumption can be reduced;
2. the inner cavity of the cooler is communicated with a water spraying device for spraying water to cool the high Wen Chuyao material, so that the cooling effect of the high Wen Chuyao material is further enhanced; in addition, part of water is changed into water vapor when contacting with the high Wen Chuyao material, and the water vapor reacts with the unburned fuel of the high Wen Chuyao material mixed in the high temperature state or the unreacted carbon in the unburned dust containing carbon to generate reducing gases CO and H 2 Then enters the rotary kiln, the combustion chamber and the main burner, further ensures that the calcining atmosphere in the rotary kiln is a reducing atmosphere, and further ensures thatThe calcined material was grey in color.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the objects and advantages that can be achieved with the present utility model are not limited to the above-described specific ones, and that the above and other objects that can be achieved with the present utility model will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the utility model. Corresponding parts in the drawings may be exaggerated, i.e. made larger relative to other parts in an exemplary device actually manufactured according to the present utility model, for convenience in showing and describing some parts of the present utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a clay calcination system according to one embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100: a system;
110: a rotary kiln;
111: a raw material inlet;
112: a first flue gas outlet;
113: a combustion chamber;
114: a main burner;
115: a first fuel inlet;
116a: a first air inlet;
116b, a second air inlet;
117: a blanking point;
118: an auxiliary burner;
119a: a second fuel inlet;
119b, a third fuel inlet;
121: a cyclone separator;
122: a desulfurizing tower;
123: a dust collector;
124: an RTO device;
130: a cooler;
131: a kiln outlet material inlet;
132: a second flue gas outlet;
141: a circulation pipe;
142: a connecting pipe;
143: an exhaust duct;
144: a chimney;
151: a first water spraying device;
152: and a second water spraying device.
Detailed Description
The objects and functions of the present utility model and methods for achieving these objects and functions will be elucidated by referring to exemplary embodiments. However, the present utility model is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below; this may be implemented in different forms. The essence of the description is merely to aid one skilled in the relevant art in comprehensively understanding the specific details of the utility model.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" cited in the present utility model are merely identifiers and do not have any other meaning, such as a particular order or the like. Also, for example, the term "first component" does not itself connote the presence of "second component" and the term "second component" does not itself connote the presence of "first component".
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting.
The present utility model provides a clay calcination system 100. The system 100 can be applied to the technical field of clay calcination, such as calcination of clay, so that the calcined material is gray in color.
Firstly, the rotary kiln refers to a rotary calcining kiln (commonly called a rotary kiln), the appearance of which is similar to that of a rotary bed, also called a rotary bed kiln, and belongs to the class of building material equipment. Rotary kilns can be classified into cement kilns, metallurgical chemical kilns and lime kilns according to the materials to be treated. The cement kiln is mainly used for calcining cement clinker, and is divided into two main types, namely cement kiln produced by dry method and cement kiln produced by wet method. The metallurgical chemical kiln is mainly used for magnetizing roasting of lean iron ores in iron and steel plants in metallurgical industry; oxidizing and roasting chromium and nickel iron ores; roasting high alumina bauxite ore in a refractory material factory, roasting clinker in an aluminum factory and aluminum hydroxide; roasting chromium ore sand, chromium ore powder and other minerals in chemical plants. Lime kilns (i.e., active lime kilns) are used to calcine active lime and light burned dolomite for iron and steel plants and ferroalloy plants. The rotary kiln 110 in this embodiment is generally referred to as a cement kiln.
The present utility model provides a clay calcination system 100. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the clay calcination system 100 includes a rotary kiln 110, a flue gas treatment device, and a cooler 130. The rotary kiln 110 is mainly used for calcining cement clinker (clay). The flue gas treatment device is used for treating high-temperature flue gas generated by clay calcination to cool the flue gas, and also comprises, but is not limited to, material recovery, desulfurization and/or dust removal. The cooler 130 is used to cool the high Wen Chuyao material produced by the calcination and to provide the reducing gas to the rotary kiln 110.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the illustrated embodiment, the kiln tail of the rotary kiln 110 has a raw material inlet 111 and a first flue gas outlet 112. Wherein the raw material inlet 111 is used for introducing raw material to be calcined, for example, the raw material may be fed into the rotary kiln 110 through the raw material inlet 111 by a pipe, a conveyor, or the like. The first flue gas outlet 112 is used for leading out high-temperature flue gas generated during calcination. For example, high temperature flue gas is sent out through a pipeline. The kiln head of the rotary kiln 110 is connected to a combustion chamber 113. The combustion chamber 113 is provided with a main burner 114 for preheating gas entering the rotary kiln 110 by means of combustion and for providing heat required for producing calcined clay and reducing gas.
The main burner and/or the combustion chamber have a fuel inlet for introducing fuel. The combustion chamber and/or the main burner has an air inlet for introducing air.
As one example, the main burner 114 may have a first fuel inlet 115 for introducing natural gas fuel and a first air inlet 116a for introducing air. The combustion chamber 113 may have a second air inlet 116b for introducing air, a second fuel inlet 119a for introducing conventional fossil fuel, and a third fuel inlet 119b for introducing RDF fuel. Ambient air is provided to the main burner 114, the combustion chamber 113 through the first air inlet 116a, the second air inlet 116b, respectively, to provide oxygen-bearing combustion.
When the rotary kiln is ignited and started, the first fuel inlet 115, the second fuel inlet 119a, the third fuel inlet 119b and the like are arranged, natural gas fuel is introduced into the first fuel inlet to burn to provide all heat for ignition and starting, natural gas is stopped being introduced after starting, and then conventional fossil fuel and RDF fuel are respectively introduced into the second fuel inlet and the third fuel inlet to burn to provide calcination heat for the rotary kiln, wherein 50% -90% of heat (accounting for larger heat) is provided by the RDF fuel. The advantages of such a design are: 1. compared with natural gas, the traditional fossil fuel and RDF fuel have lower prices, so that the cost is greatly reduced; 2. the RDF fuel is used as the main fuel after ignition and kiln starting, so that the use of the traditional fossil fuel is effectively reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are further achieved; 3. after the rotary kiln is ignited and started, RDF fuel is used as a main heat source instead, ash (namely dust containing carbon) after the RDF fuel is combusted enters a kiln blanking point and is mixed with calcined high Wen Chuyao material, and the RDF fuel can also provide a carbon source for the Boolean reaction in the cooler. In addition, if one fuel inlet fails or fuel cannot be used, other fuel inlets can be used for continuous combustion, so that the aim of multiple protection is fulfilled.
The flue gas treatment device is used for treating the high temperature flue gas conducted out via the first flue gas outlet 112. Wherein the high temperature flue gas guided out by the first flue gas outlet 112 has low oxygen content and a certain amount of CO and CO 2 The raw materials which are not decomposed and the calcined materials can be mixed. The flue gas treatment device can be used for treating high-temperature flue gas generated by calcining clay, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to become low-temperature flue gas with low temperature, or the flue gas is changed into low-temperature waste gas, for example, the high-temperature flue gas can be treated by material recovery, dust removal and the like, and the treated flue gas does not contain solid impurities and is almost pure gas. The specific structure of the flue gas treatment device will be specifically developed hereinafter.
For convenience of explanation, the embodiment is described in the present example by taking the illustrated embodiment as an example, that is, the high-temperature flue gas generated by clay calcination is changed into low-temperature flue gas (generally about 70-80 degrees) after passing through the flue gas treatment device, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The treated low temperature exhaust gas is communicated to the cooler 130 through the circulation pipe 141. At this time, the oxygen content of the low-temperature waste gas inherited high-temperature flue gas is very low, and the low-temperature waste gas has a certain amount of CO and CO 2 Is a characteristic of (a).
The cooler 130 is a long cylindrical structure having an inner cavity. The inlet end of the cooler 130 may have a kiln exit material inlet 131 and a second flue gas outlet 132 (i.e., an exhaust gas outlet). The kiln outlet material inlet 131 is communicated to a kiln head blanking point 117 of the rotary kiln 110 through a connecting pipeline 142 and is used for introducing high Wen Chuyao materials (about 600 ℃) calcined by the rotary kiln 110 and dust containing carbon which is not burnt or burnt by RDF fuel. Wherein the CO in the low-temperature exhaust gas 2 The mixed RDF fuel with Wen Chuyao high material is not burnt or unreacted carbon in the burnt dust containing carbon is subjected to Boolean reaction to generate more reducing gas CO. The second flue gas outlets 132 are respectively communicated with each other by pipelinesThe kiln head and the air inlets 116a and 116b to the rotary kiln 110 are used for guiding out low-temperature waste gas and generated reducing gas after heat exchange with high-temperature kiln outlet materials, and the low-temperature waste gas with more reducing gas CO after heat exchange is respectively fed into the rotary kiln 110, the combustion chamber 113 and the main burner 114, so that the calcination atmosphere in the rotary kiln 110 is ensured to be a reducing atmosphere. Preferably, in order to further reduce the oxygen content entering the rotary kiln 110, the rotary kiln 110 may be further provided with a secondary burner 118 at a position near the kiln head near the feed point 117.
According to the system 100 of the utility model, the high-temperature flue gas generated during calcination of the rotary kiln 110 is changed into low-temperature waste gas with low temperature after being treated by the flue gas treatment device, and the low-temperature waste gas is used as cooling air to exchange heat with high-temperature kiln-discharging materials on one hand and reduce the temperature of the high-temperature Wen Chuyao materials for subsequent process use, and on the other hand, the CO in the low-temperature waste gas is used for reducing the temperature of the high-temperature materials 2 The Buddha reaction with unreacted carbon in the unburned or burned dust containing carbon in the high temperature state generates more reducing gas CO. The low-temperature waste gas after heat exchange has more reducing gas CO, the temperature of the low-temperature waste gas is increased (about 200 ℃), the low-temperature waste gas after heat exchange is divided into two parts, one part enters the rotary kiln 110, the other part goes to the combustion chamber 113 and the main burner 114, and the calcination atmosphere in the rotary kiln 110 is ensured to be the reducing atmosphere, so that the color of the calcined material is ensured to be grey.
In order to provide a smoke treatment apparatus with good use effect, referring to fig. 1, the smoke treatment apparatus may include a cyclone 121, a desulfurizing tower 122, a dust collector 123, and an RTO device 124 (i.e., a regenerative thermal incinerator) connected in order. Wherein the cyclone 121 is used for separating materials from exhaust gas of high temperature flue gas. I.e. the possibly entrained unburned fuel, the undissolved material and the calcined material are separated from the gas. The desulfurizing tower 122 is used for desulfurizing the high-temperature flue gas to remove harmful components. The dust collector 123 is used for removing dust from the high temperature flue gas. I.e. the dust collector 123 again absorbs the material which has not been thoroughly separated. The RTO device 124 is used to eliminate volatile organics in the high temperature flue gas. Wherein the method comprises the steps ofVolatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are CO and CO removal 2 、H 2 CO 3 Any carbon compound that participates in the photochemical reaction of atmospheric gases, in addition to metal carbides, metal carbonates and ammonium carbonate. The main components of the VOC are: hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxygenated hydrocarbons, and nitrogen hydrocarbons, including: benzene series, organic chlorides, freon series, organic ketones, amines, alcohols, ethers, esters, acids, petroleum hydrocarbon compounds, and the like. The high-temperature flue gas is changed into low-temperature waste gas which is almost pure gas after being treated by the flue gas treatment device.
Further, in order to fully utilize the separated or absorbed materials, the materials separated by the cyclone 121 may be introduced into the rotary kiln 110 again through the raw material inlet 111 through the related pipelines for calcination. Similarly, the material obtained after dust removal by the dust collector 123 may also enter the rotary kiln 110 again through the raw material inlet 111 via a pipeline for calcination.
It will be appreciated that although one particular flue gas treatment device is shown in fig. 1, no limitation is intended. The flue gas treatment device may include one or more of a cyclone 121, a desulfurizing tower 122, a dust collector 123, and an RTO device 124, or other devices that achieve the same function in the case of achieving flue gas temperature reduction.
The inner cavity of the cooler 130 may also be connected to a water spraying device capable of spraying water to cool the high Wen Chuyao material. Specifically, the water spraying means may include a first water spraying means 151 and a second water spraying means 152. The first water spraying device 151 and the second water spraying device 152 may be spraying devices connected to a water source through a water pipe. The first water spraying device 151 is located at the inlet end of the cooler 130, and is used for rapidly cooling the high Wen Chuyao material entering the cooler 130, so as to avoid discoloration of the calcined material (high-temperature kiln-discharging material). For example, the high temperature kiln exit material is reduced from about 600 degrees to below 300 degrees in a predetermined time. The second water spray 152 is located at the outlet end of the cooler 130 for controlling the temperature of the high Wen Chuyao material passing through the outlet end of the cooler 130 below a preset threshold.
Specifically, firstly, the water spraying device cools the high Wen Chuyao material by water spraying, and the process can be further carried outAnd the cooling effect of the high Wen Chuyao material is enhanced in a step manner, so that the material is cooled more quickly and is cooled below a preset threshold value. More importantly, in addition to being able to cool the tall Wen Chuyao material, some of the water becomes steam when it comes into contact with the tall Wen Chuyao material. The water vapor reacts with unreacted carbon in the high Wen Chuyao material at high temperature to generate reducing gases CO and H 2 The partial reducing gases CO and H are generated 2 Enters the rotary kiln 110, the combustion chamber 113 and the main burner 114 together with the low-temperature waste gas after heat exchange, further ensures that the calcining atmosphere in the rotary kiln 110 is a reducing atmosphere, and further ensures that the color of the calcined material is gray.
In this embodiment, the second water spraying device 152 at the outlet end of the cooler 130 controls the temperature of the high Wen Chuyao material passing through the outlet end of the cooler 130 to be below a preset threshold value so as to meet the requirement of the subsequent process. The preset threshold may take the range of 80-150 degrees, such as 80 degrees, 100 degrees, 120 degrees, etc. In order to achieve temperature regulation, the first water spraying device 151 or the second water spraying device 152 may have a control device or be coupled to an external control device, and may further have a temperature sensor that can monitor the temperature of the high Wen Chuyao material passing through the outlet end of the cooler 130 in real time. The control device adjusts the water spraying flow rate of the first water spraying device 151 or the second water spraying device 152 according to the result of comparing the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor with the preset threshold value. When the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor is greater than the preset threshold value, the water spraying flow rate of the first water spraying device 151 or the second water spraying device 152 is increased. And when the temperature value monitored by the temperature sensor is smaller than the preset threshold value, the water spraying of the second water spraying device 152 is reduced. The regulation and control process is a common existing regulation and control technology, does not involve the modification of an internal program, and is based on the function set by the control device. In the present utility model, the control device detects the monitoring value of the sensor at a certain sampling frequency (e.g., 2S, 5S, or 10S, etc.), and timely adjusts the operation state of the first water spraying device 151 or the second water spraying device 152.
Referring to fig. 1, the exhaust gas treated by the flue gas treatment device may be communicated to a stack 144 through an exhaust pipe 143 for discharge. In order to facilitate emission control and safe emission, valves and gas concentration monitoring sensors may be provided on the exhaust pipe 143, the circulation pipe 141, and an intermediate pipe of the flue gas treatment device, and when the final exhaust gas reaches the requirement of safe emission, the valves are opened to be discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 144.
In summary, according to the system 100 of the present utility model, the high temperature flue gas generated during calcination in the rotary kiln 110 is treated and then used to cool the high Wen Chuyao material again. And the reaction of Yu Buduo mol in the cooler 130 generates more reducing gas CO, and then enters the rotary kiln 110, the combustion chamber 113 and the main burner 114, so that the calcination atmosphere in the rotary kiln 110 is ensured to be a reducing atmosphere, and the color of the calcined material is ensured to be grey. In addition, the water spraying device for spraying water to cool the high-temperature kiln-outlet material further enhances the cooling effect of the high Wen Chuyao material and can generate reducing gases CO and H based on the water gas reaction 2 Then enters the rotary kiln 110, the combustion chamber 113 and the main burner 114, and further ensures that the calcining atmosphere in the rotary kiln 110 is a reducing atmosphere. Meanwhile, since the low-temperature exhaust gas has a higher temperature than the normal-temperature air, the fuel consumption in the combustion chamber 113 can be reduced.
In addition, the flue gas generated by the clay calcination of the rotary kiln 110 is treated by the flue gas, and the flue gas is used for cooling the kiln-discharging high-temperature materials and providing a larger amount of CO for the rotary kiln 110 and the combustion chamber 113, and also has very low oxygen content (or almost no oxygen content) and a certain amount of CO and CO 2 More reducing gas CO is generated by reaction with carbon in the kiln-outlet high-temperature material in the cooler 130, and a protective gas is formed to enable the kiln-outlet high-temperature material to be better cooled in an oxygen-free mode, so that compared with the existing simple treatment such as filtering, adsorption and the like, the method is discharged into the atmosphere, or the method is simple in heat utilization and recovery mode, and resource recycling in various aspects of waste gas is realized.
Other embodiments of the utility model will be apparent to and understood by those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the utility model disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the utility model being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A clay calcination system, comprising a rotary kiln, a flue gas treatment device and a cooler;
the kiln tail of the rotary kiln is provided with a raw material inlet and a first smoke outlet, the raw material inlet is used for introducing raw materials to be calcined, and the first smoke outlet is used for guiding out high-temperature smoke generated during calcination;
the kiln head of the rotary kiln is communicated with a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with a main burner, the main burner and/or the combustion chamber is provided with a fuel inlet for introducing fuel, and the combustion chamber and/or the main burner is provided with an air inlet for introducing air;
the flue gas treatment device is used for carrying out cooling treatment on the high-temperature flue gas guided out through the first flue gas outlet, and the low-temperature flue gas formed after treatment is communicated to the cooler through a circulating pipeline; and
the inlet end of the cooler is provided with a kiln outlet material inlet and a second flue gas outlet; the kiln outlet material inlet is communicated to a discharging point of the kiln head of the rotary kiln through a connecting pipeline and is used for introducing high Wen Chuyao materials and unburned or burned dust containing carbon of fuel after the calcination of the rotary kiln; the second flue gas outlet is respectively communicated to the rotary kiln and the air inlet through pipelines and is used for guiding out reducing gas generated when the dust containing carbon contacts with low-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the flue gas treatment device comprises at least one of:
the cyclone separator is used for separating materials and waste gas from the high-temperature flue gas;
the desulfurizing tower is used for desulfurizing the high-temperature flue gas;
the dust collector is used for removing dust from the high-temperature flue gas;
and the RTO device is used for eliminating volatile organic compounds in the high-temperature flue gas.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the flue gas treatment device comprises the cyclone, the desulfurizing tower, the dust collector, and the RTO device connected in sequence by a pipe:
the materials separated by the cyclone separator enter the rotary kiln again through a pipeline communicated with the raw material inlet; and/or
And the material obtained after dust removal by the dust collector also enters the rotary kiln again through a pipeline communicated with the raw material inlet.
4. A system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cooler's internal cavity is also connected to a water spraying device capable of water spraying cooling the high temperature kiln exit material.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the water spraying device comprises:
the first water spraying device is positioned at the inlet end of the cooler and is used for rapidly cooling the high-temperature kiln-discharging material;
the second water spraying device is positioned at the outlet end of the cooler and used for controlling the temperature of the high-temperature kiln-discharging material passing through the outlet end of the cooler to be lower than a preset threshold value in a linkage mode with the first water spraying device.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the flue gas treated by the flue gas treatment device is further communicated to a stack via an exhaust conduit.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the kiln head of the rotary kiln is further provided with an auxiliary burner near the feed point for further consuming oxygen entering the rotary kiln.
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