CN220337339U - Vibration absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The application is applicable to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a vibration absorber, which comprises a vibration absorbing component. The vibration absorbing assembly comprises a vibration absorbing body, a damping layer and a vibration absorbing layer. The vibration absorbing body comprises a uniform thickness part and a black hole part, the damping layer is arranged on the black hole part, and the vibration absorbing body and the vibration absorbing layer are arranged in a lamination mode. According to the frequency matching principle of the dynamic vibration absorption principle, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is designed according to the vibration frequency of the main structure to be damped. The vibration absorbing device is realized by adjusting parameters of the vibration absorbing body, the damping layer and the vibration absorbing layer. The vibration control of the vibration absorber to a plurality of frequencies of the main structure can be realized through the laminated arrangement, and the number of tuning frequencies of the vibration absorber can be further increased through the additional black hole part. In addition, the black hole part can effectively control the vibration above the cut-off frequency, so that the damping performance is improved, and meanwhile, the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber is widened. The vibration absorber can effectively control the vibration-damped structure at the tuned frequency and the non-tuned frequency, and can obtain broadband vibration noise control.

Description

Vibration absorber

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a vibration absorber.

Background

In recent years, rail transit networks in China are expanding continuously. While providing convenience for people to travel, vibrations and noise generated during their operation can cause a series of environmental problems such as discomfort to passengers and residents, rail wave milling, damage to fasteners, etc. At present, in order to achieve the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction, rail transit is mainly considered from three aspects of vibration sources, propagation paths and vibration receivers. Among them, vibration source vibration reduction and noise reduction techniques are the main control measures and are also the most effective. Damping rails and rail absorbers are two of the most common vibration source damping measures. The damping rail realizes the inhibition of the broadband vibration noise of the rail by improving the damping of the structural system, but in the low-order resonance frequency section of the rail, the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects of the damping rail still need to be further improved; although the rail vibration absorber can effectively control the vibration of the low-order resonance frequency section of the rail, the vibration reduction frequency range is narrow, and the suppression of broadband vibration noise is difficult to realize. Therefore, the existing vibration reduction measures are difficult to realize the suppression of the low-order resonance frequency band and the broadband vibration noise of the steel rail.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application aims to provide a vibration absorber based on the acoustic black hole effect and the dynamic vibration absorption principle so as to inhibit low-order resonance frequency band and wide vibration.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a vibration absorber including a vibration absorbing assembly. The vibration absorbing assembly comprises a vibration absorbing body, a damping layer and a vibration absorbing layer. The vibration absorbing body includes a uniform thickness portion and a black hole portion. The black hole part is provided with a connecting end and a free end which are opposite, the thickness of the black hole part gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the free end, the connecting end is connected with the uniform thickness part, and the damping layer is arranged at the free end of the black hole part. The vibration absorbing layer is made of elastic damping materials, and the vibration absorbing layer and the vibration absorbing body are arranged in a lamination mode.

Optionally, the number of the vibration absorbing assemblies is multiple, and the multiple vibration absorbing assemblies are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. Wherein, two adjacent vibration absorbing bodies are arranged at intervals through the vibration absorbing layer.

Optionally, a damping layer is connected between two adjacent black hole portions.

Optionally, a shock absorbing layer is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness portions.

Optionally, the two damping layers on the upper and lower sides of the black hole are connected to each other at the free ends.

Alternatively, the two shock-absorbing layers on either one of the opposite sides in the width direction of the uniform thickness portion are connected to each other.

Alternatively, both ends in the length direction of the uniform thickness portion are provided with black hole portions, respectively.

Optionally, at least one end of the uniform thickness portion is provided with a plurality of black hole portions.

Optionally, the shock absorber further comprises a resilient clip for clamping the shock absorbing assembly to the rail.

Optionally, the elastic clamp is provided with a clamping arm, a positioning groove is formed in the inner side of the clamping arm, a positioning protrusion is arranged on the surface, facing the positioning groove, of the vibration absorption layer, the positioning protrusion is used for being inserted into the positioning groove, and the positioning groove is a through hole.

The beneficial effect of the shock absorber that this application provided lies in:

the vibration absorbing assembly comprises a vibration absorbing body, a damping layer and a vibration absorbing layer. The vibration absorbing body comprises a uniform thickness part and a black hole part, the damping layer is arranged on the black hole part, and the vibration absorbing body and the vibration absorbing layer are arranged in a lamination mode. Through designing the vibration absorbing body, the damping layer and the vibration absorbing layer, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is matched with the frequency of the main structure needing vibration reduction, so that vibration is effectively reduced, and radiation noise is reduced. The stacked arrangement can enable the vibration absorber to obtain a plurality of tuning frequencies, and then multi-frequency vibration control is carried out on the main structure. The additional black hole may further increase the number of tuning frequencies. In addition, since the thickness of the black hole portion gradually decreases in the direction of the free end toward the connection end, the wave velocity of the elastic wave gradually decreases, so that the vibration absorbing device can collect the elastic wave above the cut-off frequency at a small thickness, and is dissipated by the additional damping material. Not only improves the damping performance, but also widens the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber. The vibration absorber can effectively control the vibration-damped structure at the tuned frequency and the non-tuned frequency, and can obtain broadband vibration noise control.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shock absorbing body provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first vibration absorber according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second vibration absorber according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third vibration absorber according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth vibration absorber according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth vibration absorber according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sixth vibration absorber according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a shock absorbing layer according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of another shock absorbing layer provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a vibration absorber and rail from one perspective provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a structure of a shock absorber and another view of a rail provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a shock absorber and rail from yet another perspective provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a shock absorber according to some embodiments of the present application mounted to a track plate;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a shock absorber according to some embodiments of the present application assembled with a rail via a spring clip;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a shock absorber according to some embodiments of the present application assembled with a rail via another spring clip;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of FIG. 15 at A;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a shock absorber according to other embodiments of the present disclosure assembled at the bottom of a rail;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a structure in which a uniform thickness portion and a black hole portion are connected by welding in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a structure in which a uniform thickness portion and a black hole portion are connected by a fastener according to some embodiments of the present application.

Reference numerals related to the above figures are as follows:

100. a vibration absorber;

10. a shock absorbing assembly;

11. a shock absorbing body; 110. a uniform thickness portion; 111. black hole parts; 112. a fastener; 1110. a connection end; 1111. a free end;

12. a shock absorbing layer; 121. positioning the bulge;

13. a damping layer;

14. an elastic clamp; 141. a clamping arm; 142. a positioning groove;

151. a first clamping part; 152. a second clamping part; 154. a connecting piece; 153. a mounting cavity;

20. a steel rail; 21. rail web.

30. And a track plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. Embodiments and features of embodiments in this application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7 and fig. 13, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to an aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a vibration absorber 100 including a vibration absorbing assembly 10, the vibration absorbing assembly 10 including a vibration absorbing body 11, a damping layer 13 and a vibration absorbing layer 12, the vibration absorbing body 11 including a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111, the black hole portion 111 having opposite connection ends 1110 and free ends 1111, the thickness of the black hole portion 111 gradually decreasing in a direction from the connection ends 1110 toward the free ends 1111, the connection ends 1110 being connected to the uniform thickness portion 110, the damping layer 13 being disposed at the free ends 1111 of the black hole portion 111; the vibration absorbing layer 12 is made of an elastic damping material, and the vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are laminated.

By applying the technical scheme, the vibration absorbing assembly 10 comprises the vibration absorbing body 11, the damping layer 13 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 made of elastic damping materials, wherein the vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are arranged in a stacked mode, and the natural frequency of the vibration absorber 100 is matched with the natural frequency of a vibration-damped structure through the matching of the vibration absorbing body 11, the damping layer 13 and the vibration absorbing layer 12, so that vibration and radiation noise are effectively reduced; the vibration absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111 connected to the uniform thickness portion 110, wherein the thickness of the black hole portion 111 gradually decreases in a direction away from the uniform thickness portion 110, and vibration above a cut-off frequency can be reduced by using an acoustic black hole principle. In addition, according to the frequency matching principle of the dynamic vibration absorption principle, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is designed according to the frequency of vibration absorption required by the main structure. The vibration absorbing device is realized by adjusting parameters of the vibration absorbing body, the damping layer and the vibration absorbing layer. The stacked arrangement can enable the vibration absorber to obtain a plurality of tuning frequencies, and then multi-frequency vibration control is carried out on the main structure. The additional black hole part not only further increases the number of tuning frequencies, but also can effectively control the vibration above the cut-off frequency, improves the damping performance, and widens the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber. The vibration absorber can effectively control the vibration-damped structure in the tuning frequency and non-tuning frequency ranges so as to realize the broadband vibration damping and noise reduction effects.

Wherein the absorber 100 is mounted on the structure to be damped for absorbing vibrational energy of the structure to be damped. As shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12. The vibration absorber 100 is mounted on the rail 20 in this application for absorbing vibration energy generated from the rail 20 when the train is running. In the concrete installation, the vibration absorber 100 may be disposed at the web 21 of the rail 20 according to the actual installation requirement, or the vibration absorber 100 may be disposed at the bottom of the rail 20.

Referring to fig. 13, in some other embodiments, a track slab 30 is disposed below the rail 20 and is connected to the rail 20. Illustratively, the rail 20 and the track slab 30 may be fixedly connected by fasteners, or by way of a spike-to-spring fit, or by other means; the vibration absorber 100 is disposed inside the track plate 30 or at the lower portion of the track plate 30, and may be cylindrical in shape, and its shape and installation position may be specifically adjusted according to vibration reduction requirements and installation space, which is not particularly limited herein. The vibration absorber 100 is fixedly connected with the track plate 30 for damping vibration of the track plate 30. The shock absorber 100 and the track plate 30 may also be bolted.

Referring to fig. 3 to 7, the vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are stacked, and it is to be noted that the vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are disposed in the vertical direction, and the vibration absorbing layer 12 is disposed above or below the vibration absorbing body 11. The natural frequency of the vibration absorber can be changed by adjusting the shape, material, and mutual positional relationship of the vibration absorbing layer 12 and the vibration absorbing body 11. The vibration absorbing layer 12 is made of a viscoelastic damping material, for example, rubber, and the vibration absorbing layer 12 may be made of other elastic damping materials, which is not limited herein. The vibration absorbing layer 12 not only can provide elastic support for the vibration absorbing body 11, but also can absorb vibration by utilizing its damping characteristics. In addition, control of a plurality of natural frequencies can be achieved by a plurality of vibration absorbing assemblies 10 that are stacked. And according to the frequency of vibration reduction required, a plurality of vibration absorption layers 12 can be made of different materials, and a plurality of vibration absorption bodies 11 can also be made of different materials, so that the vibration absorption assembly 10 of each layer can be matched with different natural frequencies to improve the vibration absorption effect. In addition, the black hole part in the vibration absorbing body can also be made of different materials, and the black hole part and the uniform part can be integrally formed through mechanical connection, welding connection and the like.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the shock absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111. Wherein the uniform thickness portion 110 serves as a main portion of the vibration absorbing body 11 for absorbing vibrations of the structure to be damped. The thickness of the cross section of the uniform thickness portion 110 in the vertical direction is the same, for example, the uniform thickness portion 110 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped, however, the uniform thickness portion 110 may be a cylinder or other shape according to practical situations, and is not particularly limited herein. If the uniform thickness portion 110 is a cylinder or other shape, the black hole portion 111 is also adjusted accordingly. The uniform thickness portion 110 is also connected with the black hole portion 111, and the uniform thickness portion 110 can transmit the vibration of the damped structure to the black hole portion 111; the connection between the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 may be direct connection or indirect connection, such as mechanical connection. Specifically, the connection end 1110 of the black hole 111 is connected to the uniform thickness portion 110, and the free end 1111 of the black hole 111 is disposed opposite to the connection end 1110, thereby constituting a cantilever structure capable of consuming the vibration energy transmitted from the vibration damping structure. Wherein, the thickness of the black hole 111 gradually decreases along the direction of the connection end 1110 toward the free end 1111, and the black hole 111 can achieve a wide frequency vibration damping effect. When vibration is transmitted from the connection end 1110 to the free end 1111 of the black hole portion 111, the wave velocity gradually becomes smaller due to the gradual decrease in thickness of the black hole portion 111, and the wave can be concentrated. Therefore, by adding the black hole 111 to the uniform thickness portion 110, not only the number of tuning frequencies can be increased, but also vibration at a frequency equal to or higher than the cut-off frequency can be effectively controlled by the black hole 111, thereby widening the vibration reduction frequency range. The uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 are integrally formed, however, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 may be formed by connecting separate structures. For example, referring to fig. 18, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 are connected by welding. Or referring to fig. 19, the uniform thickness portion 110 is connected with the black hole portion 111 through a fastener 112, and the fastener 112 may be a screw; of course, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 may be connected by a snap-fit connection.

In some embodiments, the material of the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 may be made of a metal material or an alloy material, for example, copper, lead, or a material with high density and low elastic modulus, and may be specifically designed according to vibration reduction requirements of the main structure. Wherein the black hole 111 may also be made of a damping material.

Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, two opposite sides of the free end 1111 of the black hole 111 are provided with damping layers 13, that is, two opposite sides of the thickness direction of the black hole 111 are provided with damping layers 13, and the thickness direction of the black hole 111 is parallel to the height direction of the uniform thickness portion 110; wherein the damping layer 13 is made of a viscoelastic material, for example rubber or other viscoelastic material. At the time of installation, the damping layer 13 may be fixed to the free end 1111 of the black hole 111 by vulcanization or adhesion or the like. The damping layer 13 has damping effect, and can effectively reduce vibration and noise. Therefore, the damping layer 13 is provided in the black hole 111, so that the vibration of the vibration-damped structure can be further reduced, and the vibration damping effect of the vibration absorber 100 can be improved.

Referring to fig. 10, 11 and 12, in some embodiments of the present application, a rail 20 is provided with a shock absorbing body 11, and the shock absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111. The damping layers 13 are provided on opposite sides of the free end 1111 of the black hole portion 111, and when the rail 20 vibrates, the vibration of the rail 20 is transmitted to the black hole portion 111 through the uniform thickness portion 110, so that the black hole portion 111 vibrates to consume the vibration energy of the rail 20, thereby suppressing the vibration of the rail 20. The noise generated by the vibration of the steel rail 20 is reduced, and the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved. Meanwhile, the damping layer 13 is added to the black hole 111, so that the vibration of the vibration-damped structure can be further reduced, and the vibration damping effect of the vibration absorber 100 can be improved.

Referring to fig. 3 to 7, the number of the vibration absorbing members 10 is plural, and the plurality of vibration absorbing members 10 are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, wherein adjacent two vibration absorbing bodies 11 are disposed at intervals by the vibration absorbing layer 12. The vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 of each layer can be designed according to natural frequencies to be controlled according to specific needs, so as to realize control of a plurality of natural frequencies, for example, in the plurality of vibration absorbing bodies 11, materials of the vibration absorbing bodies 11 of different layers can be different, and can be the same or partially the same; also, among the plurality of vibration absorbing layers 12, the materials of the vibration absorbing layers 12 of different layers may be different, or may be the same or partially the same, so that the vibration absorber 100 may be matched to different natural frequencies.

Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, in some embodiments, a damping layer 13 is connected between two adjacent black hole portions 111. The damping layer 13 and the shock absorbing layer 12 may be an integrally formed structure. In fig. 6 and 7, the damping layer 13 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 may be provided as separate members, that is, the damping layer 13 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 may be separate members and may be connected to each other by adhesion or the like. When the damping layer 13 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are of a split structure, the materials of the damping layer 13 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 may be the same or different, and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.

In some alternative embodiments, the plurality of shock absorbing bodies 11 are arranged in a stack from top to bottom. As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of uniform thickness portions 110 are integrally formed; a damping layer 13 is connected between two adjacent black hole parts 111, and the black hole parts 111 and the damping layer 13 can be fixed by bonding. The damping layer 13 not only can provide elastic support for the black hole 111, but also can absorb vibration by utilizing the damping characteristic of the damping layer, so that the vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber is improved.

Referring to fig. 3, 4, 6 and 7, in some embodiments, a shock absorbing layer 12 is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness portions 110.

In some alternative embodiments, the plurality of shock absorbing bodies 11 are arranged in a stack from top to bottom. Wherein, the shock-absorbing layer 12 is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness parts 110, and the length of the shock-absorbing layer 12 is less than or equal to the length of the uniform thickness part 110, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

In some alternative embodiments, the plurality of shock absorbing bodies 11 are arranged in a stack from top to bottom. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a shock-absorbing layer 12 is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness portions 110. A damping layer 13 is connected between two adjacent black hole portions 111, and the two damping layers 13 are connected to each other at a free end 1111. The shock-absorbing body 11 is completely embedded in the structure formed by the damping layer 13 and the shock-absorbing layer 12. This not only provides elastic support for the shock absorbing body 11, but also protects the shock absorbing body 11. Further, the length of the shock-absorbing layer 12 located at the lowermost position in fig. 7 may be less than or equal to the length of the uniform thickness portion 110. And the shape of the lower surface of the shock-absorbing layer 12 may be adapted according to the shape of the mounting surface of the structure to be damped.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, two shock-absorbing layers 12 on either one of opposite sides in the width direction of the uniform thickness portion 110 in some embodiments are connected to each other. The vibration absorbing layer 12 not only protects the uniform thickness portion 110, but also facilitates the installation of the uniform thickness portion 110 and avoids damaging the uniform thickness portion 110 during the installation process. Secondly, the whole structure of the vibration absorber 100 can be more stable through the arrangement, so that the vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are prevented from being disconnected due to long-term vibration, and the vibration absorbing effect of the vibration absorber 100 is prevented from being affected. The uniform thickness portion 110 is attached to the vibration-damped structure via the vibration-absorbing layer 12, and the side of the uniform thickness portion 110 connected to the vibration-damped structure protrudes from the side edge of the uniform thickness portion 110 facing the vibration-damped structure, so that a gap is formed between the black hole portion 111 and the vibration-damped structure, and noise generated by collision between the black hole portion 111 and the vibration-damped structure can be prevented.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, and in combination with fig. 10, 12 and 14, in order to further enhance the vibration and noise reduction function of the absorber, both ends in the length direction of the uniform thickness portion 110 are respectively provided with black hole portions 111. The length direction of the uniform thickness portion 110 is the X-axis direction, the height direction of the uniform thickness portion 110 is the Z-axis direction, the width direction of the uniform thickness portion 110 is the Y-axis direction, and the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are perpendicular to each other. The number of the black hole portions 111 may be flexibly set according to actual needs so as to match the fixed frequency of the main structure, which is not limited herein.

In some alternative embodiments, at least one end of the uniform thickness portion 110 is provided with a plurality of black hole portions 111. As shown in fig. 4, both ends of the uniform thickness portion 110 are provided with two black hole portions 111 in the Z-axis direction. The two black hole portions 111 may be made of different materials, or different cross-sectional shapes and size parameters may be used to match each black hole portion 111 to different natural frequencies.

Referring to fig. 14, 15 and 16, in some embodiments, the shock absorber 100 further includes a spring clip 14 for clamping the shock absorbing assembly 10 to the rail 20 to enable the shock absorber 100 to effectively dampen and reduce noise. The shock absorbing assembly 10 may be fixed by bonding.

Referring to fig. 14, in some alternative embodiments, the number of spring clips 14 is plural, and the shock absorbing assembly 10 is clamped at the rail web 21 by the plural spring clips 14, the plural spring clips 14 being disposed along the extending direction of the rail 20. The vibration absorbing layer 12 is made of rubber, and one side of the vibration absorbing layer 12 is attached to the rail web 21. The black hole 111 and the rail 20 have a gap therebetween, so that noise generated by collision with the rail 20 when the black hole 111 vibrates can be prevented.

As shown in connection with fig. 15, in some embodiments, the spring clip 14 has a clip arm 141, and the inside of the clip arm 141 is provided with a positioning groove 142. The surface of the shock-absorbing layer 12 facing the positioning groove 142 has positioning protrusions 121, the positioning protrusions 121 are used for being inserted into the positioning groove 142, and the positioning groove 142 is a through hole. In order to facilitate alignment of the positioning protrusion 121 and the positioning groove 142, the positioning groove 142 is designed as a through hole so that the positioning protrusion 121 is rapidly and accurately inserted into the through hole, thereby securing stability of installation of the vibration absorber 100. The number of the clamping arms 141 in the elastic clamp 14 is two, and the two clamping arms 141 are connected. The shock absorbing assembly 10 is mounted on the rail 20 by two clamping arms 141, wherein the two clamping arms 141 in each spring clip 14 are located on opposite sides of the rail 20. The clamping force is kept stable, and the vibration absorbing assembly 10 is prevented from shifting or falling, so that the vibration and noise reduction effects and stability of the vibration absorber 100 are ensured. When the elastic clamp 14 is installed, the elastic clamp is wound around the bottom of the steel rail 20, and two clamping arms 141 are positioned on two sides of the steel rail 20. The two clamping arms 141 are pulled apart by the mounting tool, and the vibration absorbing assembly 10 is mounted on the rail 20 by releasing the clamping arms 141. Since the shock-absorbing layer 12 and the clamping arm are provided with the positioning protrusions 121 and the positioning grooves 142, respectively, which are adapted, the installation is more convenient and the efficiency is higher.

Referring to fig. 16, the length direction of the positioning protrusion 121 is disposed at an angle α to the height direction of the shock absorbing body 11, so that the clamping force of the elastic clip 14 is maintained stable, and the shock absorbing assembly 10 is prevented from moving along the length direction of the rail 20 when vibrating.

In some embodiments, in order to make the clamping effect better, the number of the positioning protrusions 121 is plural, and the number of the positioning grooves 142 is plural. The positioning grooves 142 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning protrusions 121; wherein, the length direction of at least two positioning protrusions 121 is not parallel. It should be noted that, the length directions of the at least two positioning protrusions 121 are not parallel, that is, the angle between the two positioning protrusions 121 may be an obtuse angle, an acute angle or a right angle, as shown in fig. 6. For example, the two positioning projections 121 are arranged in a splayed shape such that the movement of the shock absorbing assembly 10 can be further restricted in the length direction of the rail 20 when the positioning projections 121 are inserted into the positioning grooves 142.

Referring to fig. 17, in some alternative embodiments, the vibration absorber includes a mounting clip including a first clamping portion 151 and a second clamping portion 152. The first clamping portion 151 and the second clamping portion 152 are fixedly connected by a connecting member 154 to mount the vibration absorber to the bottom of the rail 20. The second clamping portion 152 has a mounting cavity 153 for securing the shock absorbing assembly 10 therein. The second locking member 154 may be a screw, bolt, steel nail, or the like. It should be noted that the number of the installation cavities 153 may be one or more, and when the number of the installation cavities 153 is plural, the installation cavities 153 are spaced from top to bottom.

In summary, implementing the vibration absorber provided by this embodiment has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) The vibration absorbing assembly 10 includes a vibration absorbing body 11, a damping layer 13, and a vibration absorbing layer 12 made of an elastic damping material. The vibration absorbing body 11 and the vibration absorbing layer 12 are stacked, and the vibration absorbing layer 12, the damping layer 13, and the vibration absorbing body 11 can be designed according to the frequency of vibration reduction required by the main structure to determine the natural frequency of the vibration absorber 100. The plurality of vibration absorbing members 10 arranged in a stacked manner can realize multi-frequency vibration control of the main structure. And according to the frequency to be controlled, the vibration absorbing layers 12 can be made of different materials, and the vibration absorbing bodies 11 can also be made of different materials, so that the vibration absorbing assembly 10 of each layer can be matched with different vibration frequencies to improve the vibration absorbing effect;

(2) The vibration absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111 connected to the uniform thickness portion 110, the thickness of the black hole portion 111 gradually decreases in a direction away from the uniform thickness portion 110, and increasing the black hole portion 111 can increase the number of tuning frequencies of the vibration absorber 100. Based on the acoustic black hole principle, the black hole portion 111 can effectively control vibration above the cut-off frequency, so that the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber 100 can be widened, and the vibration absorber 100 can perform vibration control on a vibration-reduced structure in a larger frequency range, so that the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects of a wide frequency band are achieved.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model is not intended to limit the utility model to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The vibration absorber is characterized by comprising a vibration absorbing assembly, wherein the vibration absorbing assembly comprises a vibration absorbing body, a damping layer and a vibration absorbing layer, the vibration absorbing body comprises a uniform thickness part and a black hole part, the black hole part is provided with a connecting end and a free end which are opposite, the thickness of the black hole part gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the free end, the connecting end is connected with the uniform thickness part, and the damping layer is arranged at the free end of the black hole part; the vibration absorbing layer is made of elastic damping materials, and the vibration absorbing layer and the vibration absorbing body are arranged in a lamination mode.

2. The vibration absorber of claim 1 wherein the number of vibration absorbing members is plural, the plural vibration absorbing members being disposed in sequence from top to bottom, wherein adjacent two of the vibration absorbing bodies are disposed at intervals by the vibration absorbing layer.

3. The vibration absorber of claim 2 wherein said damping layer is connected between two adjacent ones of said black hole portions.

4. A shock absorber according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said shock absorbing layer is connected between adjacent two of said uniform thickness portions.

5. A vibration absorber according to claim 3, wherein two of said damping layers on both upper and lower sides of said black hole portion are connected to each other at said free ends.

6. The vibration absorber of claim 4 wherein two of said vibration absorbing layers on either of opposite sides in a widthwise direction of said uniform thickness portion are connected to each other.

7. The vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein both ends in a length direction of the uniform thickness portion are provided with the black hole portions, respectively.

8. The vibration absorber of claim 5, wherein at least one end of the uniform thickness portion is provided with a plurality of the black hole portions.

9. The shock absorber of claim 1 further comprising a spring clip for clamping said shock absorbing assembly to a rail.

10. The vibration absorber of claim 9, wherein the elastic clip has a clip arm, a positioning groove is provided on an inner side of the clip arm, a positioning protrusion is provided on a surface of the vibration absorbing layer facing the positioning groove, the positioning protrusion is used for being inserted into the positioning groove, and the positioning groove is a through hole.