CN220332688U - High efficiency rail state monitoring devices - Google Patents
High efficiency rail state monitoring devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN220332688U CN220332688U CN202321600011.4U CN202321600011U CN220332688U CN 220332688 U CN220332688 U CN 220332688U CN 202321600011 U CN202321600011 U CN 202321600011U CN 220332688 U CN220332688 U CN 220332688U
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high efficiency rail state monitoring devices, includes data acquisition subsystem and data transmission and processing subsystem, treats the detection position with the module box in the track, collects vibration data through acceleration sensor, and acceleration sensor is with the vibration data periodicity who gathers for the singlechip, and the singlechip passes through wireless network with data upload to the PC end, and the PC end is through time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time-frequency domain analysis, draws track vibration characteristic index, judges track health status. According to the utility model, through the dual-module data transmission of the Bluetooth transmission module and the WiFi transmission module, the transmission efficiency of the collected monitoring data is effectively improved; the module box is convenient to mount and dismount, and is simple to operate; the stability of the track health monitoring is effectively improved by adopting the acceleration sensor; the module box effectively improves the electromagnetic shielding performance of the shell; the system adopts time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain combined analysis to extract various signal characteristic indexes for mutual verification.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of track monitoring.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the running speed of a train and the continuous increase of the running quantity, various degradation phenomena occur between a train wheel set and a rail, and the degradation phenomena cause great harm to railway running safety, so that the service state of a rail in different road sections and different time periods is accurately mastered, the intelligent detection and identification of the rail health in a complex environment become important, but the following problems exist in the prior rail health monitoring system during use:
(1) The existing track health monitoring system based on the image recognition technology is easily influenced by weather, illumination and other environments to influence the stability of data acquisition, but the track health monitoring system based on the laser scanning technology is large in data analysis amount and is not suitable for online detection of the track health state in an intricate and complex wire network structure;
(2) The existing track health monitoring system has the defects of large volume, track occupation, complex installation process and great labor consumption, so that the track health monitoring system has a longer monitoring period and cannot meet the requirement of track health monitoring instantaneity;
(3) After vibration data acquisition and processing, the existing track health monitoring system is located in a signal difference area, so that the data transmission speed between the monitoring system and the PC end is low, and timeliness of data transmission analysis and comparison after data transmission and reception is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior rail health monitoring system, the utility model provides a high-efficiency rail state monitoring device.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for achieving the purpose is as follows: a high-efficiency rail state monitoring device is characterized in that a magnetic suction sheet 6 is arranged on a module box 1, the module box 1 is arranged on the rail web of a steel rail through the magnetic suction sheet 6, a data acquisition subsystem and a data transmission and processing subsystem are arranged in the module box 1, a data acquisition module of the data acquisition subsystem is an acceleration sensor 4, a data processing and transmission module of the data transmission and processing subsystem is a single chip microcomputer 2, the acceleration sensor 4, the single chip microcomputer 2 and a battery 5 are integrally arranged on a printed circuit board 3, the single chip microcomputer 2 is electrically connected with the acceleration sensor 4, and the single chip microcomputer 2 is electrically connected with a PC of a signal analysis subsystem.
The module box 1 comprises a box cover 7 and a box bottom 8, a groove is arranged at the lower part of the box bottom 8, and a magnetic attraction piece 6 is arranged in the groove; the box cover 7 is provided with a hole.
The signal transmission module of the singlechip 2 comprises a Bluetooth transmission module and a WiFi transmission module.
The printed circuit board 3 is composed of an upper layer and a lower layer, fixing holes are respectively formed in four corners, 38 through holes are formed in the middle of the printed circuit board 3, and the through holes are fixedly connected with the single chip microcomputer 2 and the acceleration sensor 4 through pin headers.
The material of the module box 1 contains copper powder.
The modular track health monitoring method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a module box 1 at a position to be detected of a track;
s2, initializing a system module, carrying out communication pairing on the acceleration sensor 4 and the singlechip 2, and setting a working mode of the acceleration sensor 4;
s3, the system collects vibration data through the acceleration sensor 4, the acceleration sensor 4 periodically sends the collected vibration data to the singlechip 2, and the singlechip 2 caches the collected data;
s4, uploading data to a PC (personal computer) end by the singlechip 2 through a wireless network;
s5, the PC end extracts the track vibration characteristic index through time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time-frequency domain analysis, and judges the track health state.
In step S4, the singlechip 2 uploads the data to the PC terminal through bluetooth or WIFI.
Compared with the prior art, the modular track health monitoring device and method have the following advantages:
1. the transmission efficiency of the collected monitoring data is effectively improved through the two-module data transmission of the Bluetooth transmission module and the WiFi transmission module; when the network disconnection is prevented, the monitored vibration data can be continuously transmitted to the PC end through the Bluetooth transmission module; the system is convenient for preventing the occurrence of the situations of low data transmission efficiency and unstable data transmission in the area with poor signals, reasonably solves the defects of the area with poor signals and low efficiency, and effectively solves the problem that the existing railway vehicle monitoring system has low data signal receiving efficiency when being used.
2. The modularized magnetic attraction design is adopted in the shape of the module box in a small and exquisite manner, so that the module box is suitable for being installed at each part of a track, does not occupy the normal operation space of the track, can be installed and detached according to the wish of a user, is simple to operate, and effectively improves the working efficiency in monitoring the health state of the track.
3. The acceleration sensor is adopted to acquire the vibration response signal of the steel rail, so that the vibration response signal is not easily interfered by weather, illumination conditions and the like, and the data is easy to acquire, thereby effectively improving the stability in the process of monitoring the track health.
4. The box body of the module box is customized through a 3D printing technology, the material is light, portability and deployment efficiency of the track monitoring device are improved, copper powder is added into the 3D printing material, the copper powder interacts with electrons of electromagnetic waves to form a local circuit and vortex, so that electromagnetic wave energy is absorbed, interference effect of the electromagnetic wave is weakened, and electromagnetic shielding performance of the shell is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a modular rail vehicle vibration monitoring system of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the inside of the cartridge of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the inside of the cartridge of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a module box, a singlechip, a printed circuit board, an acceleration sensor, a lithium battery, a magnetic attraction piece, a box cover, a box bottom and a box cover.
Detailed Description
The utility model relates to a modular track health monitoring device, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a data acquisition subsystem and a data processing and transmission subsystem. The data acquisition subsystem is characterized in that the data acquisition module is an acceleration sensor 4, and the acceleration sensor 4 is connected with the data processing subsystem through a printed circuit board 3 of the data transmission module. The energy supply module is a square lithium battery 5, and the square lithium battery 5 is connected with the printed circuit board 3 in a wired mode. The data acquisition subsystem is responsible for acquiring vibration data generated on the track when the train runs, and transmitting the acquired vibration data to the data processing subsystem through a circuit of the printed circuit board 3; the data acquisition module is responsible for acquiring vibration data, realizes data acquisition of rail excitation during train operation, and the working principle of the acceleration sensor 4 is based on the change of tiny capacitance. When external acceleration changes the motion structure within the MEMS chip, the capacitance changes. This change will be detected and converted into a corresponding electrical signal output. The magnitude of the acceleration may be determined by measuring the change in capacitance and establishing a relationship between the change in capacitance and the acceleration. The data acquisition module acquires data and transmits the data to the data transmission module through a wire, and the data transmission module transmits the data to the data processing and integrating subsystem through the wire. The energy supply module is a square lithium battery 5 and is responsible for the electric energy supply of the whole system.
The data processing and transmitting subsystem is responsible for splicing the received data information and transmitting the spliced data information to the signal analysis subsystem through wireless. The data processing module is connected with the signal transmission module in a wired mode, and the signal transmission module is connected with the PC end in a wireless mode, and the data processing module and the signal transmission module are 2 self-contained modules of the singlechip. The data processing subsystem comprises a data processing module and a signal transmission module, wherein the data processing module is responsible for processing the received effective data, is responsible for simply arranging and storing the received data, is transmitted to the signal transmission module through a wire, is transmitted to the signal analysis subsystem through a wireless transmission, and consists of a GPIO (general purpose input/output) sub-module and an I2C protocol, and consists of a pin, a register, a logic circuit and the like; the pins can realize data transmission with the acceleration sensor 4 through an I2C protocol, the calling function can carry out simple logic operation on the data, after operations such as comparison and the like on the size of the data, the data-tidied result is transmitted into a register through a wire to be stored, and the data-tidied result is transmitted to the signal transmission module through the wire. The signal transmission module is responsible for transmitting the received data to the PC end through wireless. The signal transmission module comprises a Bluetooth transmission sub-module and a WiFi transmission sub-module, wherein the Bluetooth transmission sub-module is responsible for data transmission between short-distance devices, the WiFi transmission sub-module is responsible for data transmission in a network range, wireless connection is carried out between Bluetooth and the Bluetooth transmission module through a PC end, data transmission work is realized in a transmission distance after the wireless connection is carried out, the WiFi transmission sub-module is wirelessly connected with the WiFi transmission module through a WiFi connection function of the PC end, the WiFi transmission module transmits data to the PC end in real time through the wireless connection in a network coverage area, the Bluetooth transmission distance is 10 meters, the Bluetooth transmission module adopts a distributed network structure and a fast frequency hopping and short packet technology, bluetooth uses an FHSS mode, hops 1600 times per second, a 83.5MHz frequency band is divided into 79 frequency band channels, each moment occupies 1MHz bandwidth, the data rate is 1, and the full duplex transmission function is realized by adopting a time division duplex transmission scheme; the WiFi transmission module works in the 2.4Ghz frequency band, the protocol used is the 802.11 standard, part of 802.11 adopts the 2.4GHz ISM frequency band, the supported speed is up to 54Mbps, the WiFi transmission module is established by installing an access point on Internet connection, and the transmission distance is 300 feet; and the WiFi transmission module is in wireless connection with the WiFi transmission module, and the WiFi transmission module transmits data to the PC end in real time through wireless connection in a network coverage area.
The signal analysis subsystem is responsible for reading the data information of the PC end, carrying out signal analysis and displaying the analysis result on the webpage. The time domain analysis module is responsible for performing time domain analysis on the data, displaying a time domain waveform diagram, calculating a time domain index by calling a function, and visualizing a time domain result; the frequency domain analysis module is responsible for carrying out frequency domain analysis on the data, transforming the vibration data from a time domain to a frequency domain through fast Fourier transform, and displaying a spectrogram; the time-frequency analysis module is responsible for performing time-frequency analysis on the data, performing empirical mode decomposition on the data by using Hilbert-Huang transform, and displaying the first 10-order mode components and residual errors.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the data acquisition subsystem and the data processing and transmitting subsystem are all installed in the module box 1, the data acquisition module is an acceleration sensor 4, and the model of the acceleration sensor 4 is ADXL345; the data processing module and the signal transmission module in the data processing and transmission subsystem are derived from a singlechip 2, and the model of the singlechip 2 is TTGO-T8-ESP32; the rectangular box body upper portion of the module box 1 is provided with a convex box cover 7, the printed circuit board 3 is installed in the middle of the module box 1, one end of the top surface of the printed circuit board 3 is fixedly provided with the singlechip 2, the other end of the top surface of the printed circuit board 3 is fixedly provided with the acceleration sensor 4, and the square lithium battery 5 is fixed at the inner bottom of the module box 1. The outer side of the bottom of the module box 1 is provided with a square groove, a magnetic suction sheet 6 is fixedly arranged, and 3 square holes are formed in the side face and the middle of the front face of the box cover 7; the printed circuit board 3 is composed of an upper layer and a lower layer, four corners are respectively provided with fixing holes, the middle part is provided with 38 through holes in total, and the through holes are fixedly connected with the singlechip 2 and the acceleration sensor 4 through pin headers.
The utility model can firmly adsorb the module box 1 on the rail web through the use of the magnetic sheet 6, and has simple operation and convenient disassembly. The operation of the whole system can be controlled by the switch of the singlechip 2. The single chip microcomputer 2 and the acceleration sensor 4 can be fixed on the same plane by using the printed circuit board 3, so that the space is saved. The working efficiency of the track during health monitoring is effectively improved. The modular box 1 is small in size, adopts modularized magnetic attraction design, is suitable for being installed at each part of a track, does not occupy normal operation space of the track, can be installed and detached according to the wish of a user, is simple to operate, and effectively improves the working efficiency in monitoring the health state of the track. The module box 1 is customized through a 3D printing technology, the material is light, portability and deployment efficiency of the track monitoring device are improved, copper powder is added into the 3D printing material, the copper powder interacts with electrons of electromagnetic waves to form a local circuit and vortex, so that electromagnetic wave energy is absorbed, interference effect of the electromagnetic wave is weakened, and electromagnetic shielding performance of the shell is effectively improved.
The present utility model has been described in terms of embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that various changes can be made to the features and embodiments, or equivalents can be substituted, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the utility model without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the utility model not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the utility model will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A high efficiency rail condition monitoring device, characterized in that: the module box (1) is provided with a magnetic suction sheet (6), the module box (1) is arranged on the rail web of a steel rail through the magnetic suction sheet (6), a data acquisition subsystem and a data transmission and processing subsystem are arranged in the module box (1), a data acquisition module of the data acquisition subsystem is an acceleration sensor (4), a data processing and transmission module of the data transmission and processing subsystem is a single chip microcomputer (2), the acceleration sensor (4), the single chip microcomputer (2) and a battery (5) are integrally arranged on a printed circuit board (3), the single chip microcomputer (2) is electrically connected with the acceleration sensor (4), and the single chip microcomputer (2) is electrically connected with a PC of the signal analysis subsystem.
2. A high efficiency rail condition monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the module box (1) comprises a box cover (7) and a box bottom (8), a groove is formed in the lower portion of the box bottom (8), and a magnetic attraction piece (6) is arranged in the groove; the box cover (7) is provided with a hole.
3. A high efficiency rail condition monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the signal transmission module of the singlechip (2) comprises a Bluetooth transmission module and a WiFi transmission module.
4. A high efficiency rail condition monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the printed circuit board (3) is composed of an upper layer and a lower layer, fixing holes are respectively formed in four corners, 38 through holes are formed in the middle of the printed circuit board (3), and the through holes are fixedly connected with the single chip microcomputer (2) and the acceleration sensor (4) through pin headers.
5. A high efficiency rail condition monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the material of the module box (1) contains copper powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321600011.4U CN220332688U (en) | 2023-06-23 | 2023-06-23 | High efficiency rail state monitoring devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321600011.4U CN220332688U (en) | 2023-06-23 | 2023-06-23 | High efficiency rail state monitoring devices |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220332688U true CN220332688U (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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ID=89448830
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321600011.4U Active CN220332688U (en) | 2023-06-23 | 2023-06-23 | High efficiency rail state monitoring devices |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220332688U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-23 CN CN202321600011.4U patent/CN220332688U/en active Active
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