CN220283865U - Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter - Google Patents

Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220283865U
CN220283865U CN202322342060.9U CN202322342060U CN220283865U CN 220283865 U CN220283865 U CN 220283865U CN 202322342060 U CN202322342060 U CN 202322342060U CN 220283865 U CN220283865 U CN 220283865U
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water
filter
floating
layer
ceramsite
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CN202322342060.9U
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Inventor
陆少鸣
林晓东
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Guangzhou Water Supply Co ltd
South China University of Technology SCUT
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Guangzhou Water Supply Co ltd
South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a pre-filtering carbon sand filter, which relates to the field of water supply treatment and comprises a down-flow filter body, wherein a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite net cage, a carbon sand double-layer filter bed and a water collecting area are arranged in the down-flow filter body from top to bottom. The floating ceramsite net box is positioned below the water distribution area so as to pre-filter water to be filtered flowing in the water distribution area, and comprises a net box and floating ceramsite laid in the net box; a back flushing drainage tank is arranged below the floating haydite net cage. According to the utility model, the floating ceramsite net cage is arranged between the water distributing groove and the back flushing drainage groove above the carbon sand double-layer filter bed for prefiltering, so that the turbidity of water to be filtered and nitrified ammonia nitrogen can be reduced, the activated carbon filter layer can exert the adsorption function of the activated carbon filter layer in a low turbidity environment, the service life of the activated carbon filter layer is prolonged, floating ceramsite is easy to be air-flushed and fluidized in the net cage, water can be discharged by adopting air flushing, and the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is air-water back flushed in a conventional mode, so that the flushing frequency is greatly reduced.

Description

Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a pre-filtering carbon sand filter.
Background
The water works usually adopt a water purifying process of coagulation-precipitation-sand filtration-disinfection, and aiming at a micro-polluted drinking water source, the water treatment method is suitable for introducing a biological activated carbon technology in order to further remove ammonia nitrogen and organic micro-pollutants in water. Specifically, the granular activated carbon filtration and the sand filtration are combined to form the activated carbon-quartz sand double-layer filter material filter to replace the sand filter, the occupied area is not increased, the operation and maintenance cost is not increased much, the organic micro-pollutant removal capacity and the capacity of coping with sudden pollution of a water source are improved, and therefore the method is applied to a certain degree.
However, the turbidity of the effluent of the sedimentation tank of most water works is usually 1-3 NTU, after entering the carbon sand filter, the turbidity intercepting and filtering capability of the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is similar to that of the sand filter, the washing period is also similar to that of the sand filter, the adsorption and biochemical effects of the activated carbon are seriously weakened by frequent washing, the carbonization layer of the carbon filter material is seriously worn, the absorption capability is fast to attenuate, the service life of the activated carbon filter material is greatly reduced, and the popularization and application of the technology of the carbon sand filter are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The present utility model aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the above technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a pre-filtering carbon sand filter, which is used for solving the problems that the adsorption biochemical effect of an active carbon layer is weakened due to the influence of turbidity of water to be filtered on the carbon sand filter in China, the active carbon is seriously worn due to frequent flushing of the filter, the adsorption capacity is fast in attenuation, and the service life is greatly reduced.
The pre-filtering charcoal sand filter tank comprises a down-flow filter tank body, wherein a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite net cage, a charcoal sand double-layer filter bed and a water collection area are arranged in the down-flow filter tank body from top to bottom, a water distribution groove is arranged in the water distribution area, and a water inlet pipe communicated with the water distribution area is arranged in the down-flow filter tank body, so that water to be filtered is distributed to the top of the floating ceramsite net cage through the water distribution groove; the floating ceramsite net box is positioned below the water distribution area so as to pre-filter water to be filtered flowing in the water distribution area, and comprises a net box and floating ceramsite laid in the net box; a backwash drain tank is arranged below the floating haydite net cage, and a drain pipe communicated with the backwash drain tank is arranged on the down-flow filter body; the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is positioned below the backwash drainage tank and comprises an active carbon filter layer, a quartz sand filter layer and a support layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter plate is arranged in the down-flow filter tank, and the support layer of the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is laid on the filter plate; the water collecting area is positioned below the filter plate, the filter plate communicates the carbon sand double-layer filter bed with the water collecting area, and the down-flow filter tank body is provided with a back flushing air pipe communicated with the water collecting area; the bottom of the water collecting area is provided with a bottom water collecting tank communicated with the water collecting area, and the down-flow filter tank body is provided with a water outlet pipe and a back flushing water pipe which are communicated with a water outlet pipe of the bottom water collecting tank; valves are arranged on the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe, the back flushing air pipe, the back flushing water pipe and the water outlet pipe.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the floating ceramsite has a wet infiltration granule density of 0.85-1.00 g/cm 3 The grain diameter is 5-10 mm, the floating ceramsite is laid in the net cage to form a floating ceramsite filter layer, and the thickness of the floating ceramsite filter layer is 1.2-1.5 m.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the box comprises a top net, a bottom net and a supporting frame, wherein the supporting frame is fixed on the tank wall of the downflow filter tank, and the top net and the bottom net are respectively horizontally arranged at the top and the bottom of the supporting frame so as to form a closed pre-filtering space in the downflow filter tank, so that a floating ceramsite filtering layer is limited in the closed pre-filtering space.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the mesh diameter of the top mesh and the mesh diameter of the bottom mesh are both 3-4 mm.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water distribution tank through a water inlet channel, so that water to be filtered is uniformly overflowed into the water distribution area through the water distribution tank.
In an optional or preferred embodiment, the active carbon filter layer is selected from cylindrical coal carbon with the diameter of 1.5mm or crushed coal with the diameter of 8 multiplied by 30 meshes, and the thickness is 0.8-1.0 m; d is selected as the quartz sand filter layer 10 0.55mm fine sand filter material with thickness of 0.6-0.7 m; the supporting layer is coarse sand with the diameter of 2-4mm, and the thickness is not less than 0.1m.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the filter plate has a plurality of long-handled filter heads extending into the water collection region, thereby communicating the carbon-sand double-layer filter bed with the water collection region.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the backwash air pipe communicates with the top of the water collection zone through a plurality of distribution branches within the water collection zone.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the top of the bottom sump communicates with the sump area through a plurality of sump spools.
In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the bottom water collection sump is located centrally of the sump bottom of the water collection zone.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the floating haydite net cage is arranged between the water distributing groove and the back flushing drainage groove above the carbon sand double-layer filter bed for prefiltering, so that the turbidity of water to be filtered can be reduced from 1-3 NTU to 0.5-0.8 NTU, the activated carbon filter layer can exert the adsorption function of the activated carbon filter layer in a low turbidity environment, the service life of the activated carbon filter layer is prolonged, in addition, the floating haydite has a rough surface, is hydrophilic, is easy to nitrify, has strong nitrifying ammonia nitrogen capability, and enhances the biological purification function of the filter tank;
2. the floating ceramsite net cage is firstly contacted with water to be filtered, and as the floating ceramsite is in a micro-expansion state, the flow resistance is small, the sewage containing capacity is strong, most turbidity substances and nitrified ammonia nitrogen can be removed by pre-filtering the water to be filtered, the filtration head loss is slowly increased, the flushing frequency of the filter tank is greatly reduced under the same control condition of the filtration head, the flushing period is 3-5 d or even longer, the abrasion of an active carbon filter layer is reduced, the limitation of the turbidity of the water to be filtered is reduced, the management is simple, and the running cost is obviously reduced;
3. the floating ceramsite is easy to flush and fluidize in the net cage, and an air flushing drainage mode is allowed to be adopted, namely water is fed, air flushing is carried out while drainage is carried out from a back flushing drainage tank; the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is still subjected to air-water back flushing in a conventional mode, and a new back flushing facility is not required to be added; the floating haydite net cage has light weight, and the support frame can be fixed to the wall of the pond through bolts, etc. and can be supported by means of the back flushing drainage tank, so that the pond type arrangement is compact and reasonable, and the technological advantages of low cost and small occupied area of the carbon sand filter are maintained.
According to the technical scheme, through adding the floating ceramsite net cage prefiltering and reasonable and compact pool arrangement, the advantages of low cost, small occupied area, low running cost and simple management of the carbon sand filter are maintained, the problems that the adsorption biochemical effect of an active carbon layer is weakened due to the influence of turbidity of water to be filtered, the active carbon is seriously worn due to frequent flushing of the filter, the adsorption capacity is fast in attenuation, the service life is greatly reduced and the like in the existing domestic carbon sand filter are solved, the ammonia nitrogen reduction biochemical function is enhanced due to the floating ceramsite net cage prefiltering, the limitation on turbidity of water to be filtered can be relaxed, and the popularization and application of the deep water purification process of the carbon sand filter can be promoted.
Drawings
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a widthwise cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present utility model, but not to limit the scope of the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present utility model can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a pre-filtering charcoal sand filter is shown, which comprises a down-flow filter body 11, wherein a water distribution area 21, a floating haydite net cage 31, a charcoal sand double-layer filter bed 41 and a water collecting area 51 are arranged in the down-flow filter body 11 from top to bottom. ,
a water distribution tank 23 is arranged in the water distribution area 21, and the down-flow filter body 11 is provided with a water inlet pipe 12 communicated with the water distribution area 21, so that water to be filtered is distributed to the top of the floating ceramsite net cage 31 through the water distribution tank 23. The water inlet pipe 12 is communicated with the water distribution groove 23 through the water inlet channel 22, so that water to be filtered is uniformly overflowed into the water distribution area 21 through the water distribution groove 23. As shown in fig. 2, the water inlet pipe 12 overflows to the water distribution area 21 through water distribution grooves 23 on both sides.
The floating ceramsite net cage 31 is positioned below the water distribution area 21 to pre-filter water to be filtered flowing in the water distribution area 21, and the floating ceramsite net cage 31 comprises a net cage and floating ceramsite laid in the net cage. Specifically, the net cage comprises a top net, a bottom net and a supporting frame, all of which are made of stainless steel, and of course, other materials which are not easy to rust can be adopted for replacement, wherein the supporting frame is fixed on the tank wall of the down-flow filter body 11 through fasteners such as bolts, the top net and the bottom net are respectively and horizontally arranged on the top and the bottom of the supporting frame so as to form a sealed pre-filtering space in the down-flow filter body 11, and therefore the floating ceramsite filtering layer is limited in the sealed pre-filtering space.
In addition, a back flushing drainage tank 32 is arranged below the floating haydite net cage 31, and the floating haydite net cage 31 can be supported in an auxiliary mode by the back flushing drainage tank 32. The down-flow filter body 11 is provided with a drain pipe 13 which communicates with a backwash drain tank 32.
The wet infiltration particle density of the floating ceramsite is 0.85-1.00 g/cm < 3 >, the particle size is 5-10 mm, the floating ceramsite is laid in a net cage to form a floating ceramsite filter layer, and the thickness of the floating ceramsite filter layer is 1.2-1.5 m. The mesh diameter of the top net and the mesh diameter of the bottom net are 3-4 mm.
The carbon sand double-layer filter bed 41 is located below the backwash drain tank 32, the carbon sand double-layer filter bed 41 comprises an active carbon filter layer, a quartz sand filter layer and a support layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter plate 42 is arranged in the down-flow filter body 11, and the support layer of the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is laid on the filter plate 42. Specifically, the active carbon filter layer is selected from cylindrical coal carbon with the diameter of 1.5mm or crushed coal carbon with the diameter of 8 multiplied by 30 meshes, and the thickness is 0.8-1.0 m; d is selected as the quartz sand filtering layer 10 0.55mm fine sand filter material with thickness of 0.6-0.7 m; the supporting layer is coarse sand with the diameter of 2-4mm, and the thickness is not less than 0.1m.
The water collecting area 51 is located below the filter plate 42, the filter plate 42 communicates the carbon sand double-layer filter bed with the water collecting area 51, specifically, the filter plate 42 is provided with a plurality of long-handle filter heads extending into the water collecting area so as to communicate the carbon sand double-layer filter bed with the water collecting area 51; of course, in other embodiments, other shapes of filter head may be used for communication. The down-flow filter body 11 is provided with a backwash air pipe 14 communicated with a water collecting area 51. Specifically, the backwash air pipe 14 is communicated with the top of the water collecting area 51 in the water collecting area 51 through a plurality of air distribution branch pipes, so that the top of the water collecting area 51 can be quickly and uniformly distributed.
The bottom of the water collection area 51 is provided with a bottom water collection tank 52 communicated with the bottom water collection area, and specifically, the top of the water collection tank 52 is communicated with the water collection area 51 through a plurality of water collection short pipes. The down-flow filter tank 11 is provided with a water outlet pipe 15 and a back flushing water pipe 16 which are communicated with a bottom water collecting tank 52, wherein the bottom water collecting tank 52 is positioned at the center of the tank bottom of the water collecting area 51.
In the scheme, valves are arranged on the water inlet pipe 12, the water outlet pipe 13, the back flush air pipe 14, the back flush water pipe 16 and the water outlet pipe 15.
When water treatment is carried out, the filtering process of the pre-filtering carbon sand filter is as follows: the constant water level down-flow filtration is adopted, water to be filtered enters the water distribution channel 22 from the water inlet pipe 12, overflows into the water distribution area 21 through the water distribution groove 23, uniformly passes through the floating ceramsite net cage 31 downwards, and is filtered to remove most of turbidity substances in the water to be filtered, so that the turbidity of the water to be filtered can be reduced from 1-3 NTU to 0.5-0.8 NTU, and simultaneously, part of ammonia nitrogen and organic micro pollutants in the water can be biochemically removed. The water flow then enters a carbon sand double-layer filter bed 41, and part of micro pollutants in the water are removed through adsorption and biochemistry, and the filtering is further carried out to remove turbidity. The clean water then passes down through the long-handled filter head in the filter plate 42 into the water collection area 51, is collected through the short water collection pipe at the top of the bottom water collection tank 52, and flows out of the water outlet pipe 15.
When the filter head loss reaches a set limit value, the filter tank needs to be washed, and the filter tank is specifically carried out in the following mode.
The floating haydite net cage 31 is washed firstly, and the main steps are as follows: normally water is fed, the water outlet pipe 15 is closed, the back flushing air pipe 14 is opened, and the air flushing strength is preferably kept at 5-8L/(m) 2 S), and simultaneously adjusting the drain pipe 13 to control the liquid level near the top net of the floating haydite net cage 31; the floating ceramsite is fluidized and cleaned in the net cage for 5-8 min, then the water inlet pipe 12 is closed, the water level in the downflow filter tank 11 gradually drops to the top surface of the backwash drain tank 32, and the floating ceramsite net cage 31 is washed.
Then back flushing the carbon sand double-layer filter bed 41 according to the method of the common carbon sand filter tank: closing the water inlet pipe 12, opening the back flushing air pipe 14 for air flushing, wherein the air flushing strength is preferably 14-17L/(m) 2 S) for preferably 2 to 3 minutes; then the back flush air pipe 14 is closed, the back flush water pipe 16 is opened to perform small water flushing, and the water flushing strength is preferably 4-5L/(m) 2 S) for preferably 1 to 2 minutes; then carrying out large water volume flushing, wherein the flushing strength is preferably 12-15L/(m) 2 S) for preferably 6 to 8 minutes. The water flush air line 16 is then closed and the backwash is completed.
When the water inlet is recovered after the flushing of the interior of the down-flow filter tank 11 is finished, the water outlet pipe 15 is started after the liquid level in the tank rises to the normal water level, and the opening degree is adjusted to maintain the normal water level of the filter tank.
The opening of the water inlet pipe 12, the water outlet pipe 13, the back flushing air pipe 14, the back flushing water pipe 16 and the water outlet pipe 15 are controlled by corresponding valves.
The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a pre-filtration charcoal sand filter which characterized in that: comprises a down-flow filter body, wherein a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite net cage, a carbon sand double-layer filter bed and a water collection area are arranged in the down-flow filter body from top to bottom,
a water distribution tank is arranged in the water distribution area, and the down-flow filter body is provided with a water inlet pipe communicated with the water distribution area, so that water to be filtered is distributed to the top of the floating ceramsite net cage through the water distribution tank;
the floating ceramsite net box is positioned below the water distribution area so as to pre-filter water to be filtered flowing in the water distribution area, and comprises a net box and floating ceramsite laid in the net box; a backwash drain tank is arranged below the floating haydite net cage, and a drain pipe communicated with the backwash drain tank is arranged on the down-flow filter body;
the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is positioned below the backwash drainage tank and comprises an active carbon filter layer, a quartz sand filter layer and a support layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a filter plate is arranged in the down-flow filter tank, and the support layer of the carbon sand double-layer filter bed is laid on the filter plate;
the water collecting area is positioned below the filter plate, the filter plate communicates the carbon sand double-layer filter bed with the water collecting area, and the down-flow filter tank body is provided with a back flushing air pipe communicated with the water collecting area; the bottom of the water collecting area is provided with a bottom water collecting tank communicated with the water collecting area, and the down-flow filter tank body is provided with a water outlet pipe and a back flushing water pipe which are communicated with a water outlet pipe of the bottom water collecting tank;
valves are arranged on the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe, the back flushing air pipe, the back flushing water pipe and the water outlet pipe.
2. The pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 1, wherein: the wet infiltration particle density of the floating ceramsite is 0.85-1.00 g/cm 3 The grain diameter is 5-10 mm, the floating ceramsite is laid in the net cage to form a floating ceramsite filter layer, and the thickness of the floating ceramsite filter layer is 1.2-1.5 m.
3. A pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 2, wherein: the net box comprises a top net, a bottom net and a supporting frame, wherein the supporting frame is fixed on the pool wall of the down-flow filter body, and the top net and the bottom net are respectively and horizontally arranged at the top and the bottom of the supporting frame so as to form a pre-filtering space which is positioned in the down-flow filter body and is sealed, and therefore the floating ceramsite filtering layer is limited in the sealed pre-filtering space.
4. A pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 3, wherein: the mesh diameter of the top net and the mesh diameter of the bottom net are 3-4 mm.
5. The pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 1, wherein: the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water distribution groove through a water inlet channel, so that water to be filtered uniformly overflows into the water distribution area through the water distribution groove.
6. The pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 1, wherein: the active carbon filter layer is selected from coal columnar carbon with the diameter of 1.5mm or coal crushed carbon with the diameter of 8 multiplied by 30 meshes, and the thickness is 0.8-1.0 m; d is selected as the quartz sand filter layer 10 0.55mm fine sand filter material with thickness of 0.6-0.7 m; the supporting layer is coarse sand with the diameter of 2-4mm, and the thickness is not less than 0.1m.
7. A pre-filtration charcoal filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the filter plate is provided with a plurality of long-handle filter heads extending into the water collecting area so as to communicate the carbon sand double-layer filter bed with the water collecting area.
8. The pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 7, wherein: the back flushing air pipe is communicated with the top of the water collecting area through a plurality of air distribution branch pipes in the water collecting area.
9. A pre-filtration charcoal filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the top of the bottom water collecting tank is communicated with the water collecting area through a plurality of water collecting short pipes.
10. A pre-filtration charcoal filter according to claim 9, wherein: the bottom water collecting tank is positioned at the center of the tank bottom of the water collecting area.
CN202322342060.9U 2023-08-29 2023-08-29 Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter Active CN220283865U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202322342060.9U CN220283865U (en) 2023-08-29 2023-08-29 Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202322342060.9U CN220283865U (en) 2023-08-29 2023-08-29 Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN220283865U true CN220283865U (en) 2024-01-02

Family

ID=89337689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202322342060.9U Active CN220283865U (en) 2023-08-29 2023-08-29 Pre-filtering charcoal sand filter

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN220283865U (en)

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