CN220272609U - Cooling device for power battery of electric automobile - Google Patents
Cooling device for power battery of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN220272609U CN220272609U CN202223068983.1U CN202223068983U CN220272609U CN 220272609 U CN220272609 U CN 220272609U CN 202223068983 U CN202223068983 U CN 202223068983U CN 220272609 U CN220272609 U CN 220272609U
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- battery
- cooling
- expansion valve
- plate
- electromagnetic expansion
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electric automobile power battery cooling device which comprises a cabin cooling device, wherein one end of a liquid storage dryer of the cabin cooling device is connected with an electromagnetic expansion valve, the electromagnetic expansion valve is connected with a battery cold plate inlet of a cooling battery, and a battery cold plate outlet is connected with a compressor. According to the utility model, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is fully utilized, and the lithium ion power battery of the electric automobile is cooled under the condition that an additional refrigerating system is not added, so that the cost and the space are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a cooling device for a power battery of an electric automobile.
Background
With the development of battery technology, lithium batteries are becoming the main power option for many new energy automobiles as power batteries.
The lithium ion power battery has the advantages of high working voltage, large specific energy, small specific density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, no pollution and the like, and is very suitable for commercial use on high-power mobile equipment. Under the great initiative and promotion of a plurality of well-known automobile manufacturers, power lithium batteries such as ternary lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries and the like are widely applied to hybrid electric vehicles and pure electric vehicles, and lithium titanate batteries, lithium manganate batteries and the like are gradually tried in some special occasions.
However, lithium ion power batteries also have significant drawbacks. Firstly, because the lithium ion power battery has the advantages of high energy density, high working temperature and the like, the potential safety hazard exists. Secondly, the single battery cells forming the power lithium battery obtain proper output voltage and current through continuous series-parallel connection, but because each battery cell cannot have completely uniform charge-discharge characteristics, the individual battery cells can generate the phenomenon of insufficient charge or overdischarge, thereby causing the rapid deterioration of the whole battery performance and finally affecting the reliability of the battery. Of the two problems mentioned above, the latter can be monitored and corrected by a reasonable circuit design and a sophisticated BMS (battery management system), thereby improving battery reliability and extending battery life; the battery is improved in ambient temperature through a series of cooling measures, so that the battery cell can operate in a temperature environment capable of exerting the optimal performance, and potential safety hazards such as fire are eliminated.
The current cooling modes of the lithium ion power battery are as follows:
firstly, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is matched for cooling, namely, a simple refrigerating air conditioner is arranged for the power battery unit outside the normal air conditioner for the passenger cabin. The two air conditioners are mutually noninterfere, one is used for cooling the passenger cabin, the other is used for cooling the power battery unit, and the two cooling systems are mutually independent.
And secondly, a water-cooled power battery cooling system is used, namely, cooling liquid flows in a cooling liquid pipeline inside the power battery, so that heat generated by the power battery is taken away, and the temperature of the power battery is reduced.
Thirdly, an air-cooled power battery cooling system is used, namely, a high-power fan is used for sucking air in the carriage into a power battery box, so that the power battery is cooled.
However, the above-mentioned prior art has problems of high cost and waste of installation space.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a cooling device for a power battery of an electric automobile, which adopts an on-vehicle air conditioner which is equipped for a vehicle and acts on a passenger cabin to cool a power battery unit, and is not equipped with an air conditioning system which is specially used for cooling the power battery unit. Temperature regulation control of the passenger compartment and cooling of the battery cells are accomplished by switching the refrigerant circulation loop. Cost and installation space are saved while related functions are ensured.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
the cooling device for the power battery of the electric automobile comprises a cabin cooling device, one end of a liquid storage dryer of the cabin cooling device is connected with an electromagnetic expansion valve, the electromagnetic expansion valve is connected with a battery cold plate inlet of the cooling battery, and a battery cold plate outlet is connected with the compressor.
Further, the device comprises an air-conditioning compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage dryer, an evaporator, a condenser fan, a first electromagnetic expansion valve and a second electromagnetic expansion valve which are arranged in the trolley equipment cabin;
one end of the evaporator is connected with the compressor, the other end of the evaporator is connected with the first electromagnetic expansion valve, the compressor is connected with the condenser, the condenser is connected with one end of the liquid storage dryer, the other end of the liquid storage dryer is connected with the first electromagnetic expansion valve, one end of the liquid storage dryer is connected with the second electromagnetic expansion valve, the second electromagnetic expansion valve is connected with a battery cold plate inlet for cooling a battery, and a battery cold plate outlet is connected with the compressor.
Further, the battery cooling plate comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, the upper plate and the lower plate are respectively close to the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the battery module, serpentine cooling pipes are arranged in the upper plate and the lower plate, the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged on two side columns, the two side columns are provided with pipelines, one side of the upper plate is a water inlet, one side of the lower plate is a water outlet, the pipeline of the water inlet is communicated with one end of the serpentine cooling pipes of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the pipeline of the water outlet is communicated with the other end of the serpentine cooling pipes of the upper plate and the lower plate. So that the refrigerant channels on the battery cold plate are connected in parallel.
Further, the evaporator is also provided with a blower and a PTC heater, which generate cold air to enter the passenger cabin.
Further, a condenser fan is arranged on the condenser.
The key of the utility model is the design of a pipeline for sharing refrigerant between a cold plate in the power battery and an evaporator of an air conditioning system for refrigerating a passenger cabin.
The key feature of the utility model is that each unit of the lithium ion power battery adopts a cold plate for refrigeration, and the refrigerant (refrigerant) in the cold plate is directly from the air conditioning system equipped in the vehicle. I.e. the air conditioning system refrigerant circuit is constituted by two parallel branches, one for cooling the passenger compartment inside the vehicle and one for cooling the power battery unit, through the evaporator. The two branches are respectively provided with an electromagnetic expansion valve (electromagnetic expansion valve).
The refrigerant is conveyed into the battery cold plate through the electromagnetic expansion valve on the cooling circulation loop, and the temperature of the refrigerant is lower than that of the battery module, so that the circulating flow of the refrigerant continuously takes away the heat generated by the battery module and returns to the compressor. When the compressor compresses the refrigerant again and delivers it to the condenser, the refrigerant therein becomes liquid again and releases the absorbed heat. The circulation is carried out, and the heat of the power battery unit is continuously taken away, so that the purpose of cooling the battery is realized.
In order to ensure that the coolant takes the heat of the battery module to the greatest extent, the cooling channels of the cold plate must be well fitted to the geometry of the battery module, and the housing supporting the cooling channels should be a highly thermally conductive conductor. Meanwhile, in order to avoid too large cold-heat difference between the tail end of the cooling channel and the head, the cooling channels of the cooling plates are connected in parallel, namely, the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate are provided with inlets and outlets, the inlets are uniform, and the outlets are uniform.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model, the following brief description will be given of the drawings used in the examples or the description of the prior art, it being obvious to a person skilled in the art that other forms of application can be obtained from these drawings without the inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device for a power battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a battery cooling plate cooling battery according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a battery cold plate cooling battery of an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the connection of the water inlet and outlet pipelines of the cell cold plate with the serpentine pipe according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the water inlet and outlet lines of the cold plate of the cell of an embodiment of the present utility model connected to serpentine tubes;
in the figure: 1: a compressor; 2: a condenser; 3: a reservoir dryer; 4: an evaporator and a PTC heater; 5: a condenser fan; 6: a pipeline; 7: a first electromagnetic expansion valve; 8: a second electromagnetic expansion valve; 9: a battery cold plate; 9.1: an upper plate; 9.2: a lower plate; 9.3: a water inlet; 9.4: a water outlet; 9.5: a serpentine tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, it will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments, all other embodiments that may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present application.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be given a general meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in this embodiment, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "transverse", and "vertical", etc. are used only with respect to the orientation of the components in the drawings, these directional terms are relative terms, which are used for descriptive and clarity with respect thereto and which may vary accordingly with respect to the orientation in which the components are disposed in the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle power battery cooling device of the present embodiment includes: an air conditioner compressor 1, a condenser 2, a liquid storage dryer 3, an evaporator 4, a condenser fan 5, a first electromagnetic expansion valve 7 and a second electromagnetic expansion valve 8 (electromagnetic expansion valve manufacturer denfos, model ETS 250) which are arranged in a trolley equipment cabin.
One end of the evaporator 4 is connected with the compressor 1, the other end is connected with the first electromagnetic expansion valve 7, the compressor 1 is connected with the condenser 2, the condenser 2 is connected with one end of the liquid storage dryer 3, the other end of the liquid storage dryer 3 is connected with the first electromagnetic expansion valve 7, one end of the liquid storage dryer 3 is also connected with the second electromagnetic expansion valve 8, the second electromagnetic expansion valve 8 is connected with the battery cold plate 9 inlet of the cooling battery, and the outlet of the battery cold plate 9 is connected with the compressor 1.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the battery cooling plate 9 comprises an upper plate 9.1 and a lower plate 9.2, which are respectively close to the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the battery module, wherein serpentine cooling pipes 9.5 are arranged in the upper plate 9.1 and the lower plate 9.2, the upper plate 9.1 and the lower plate 9.2 are arranged on two side columns, the two side columns are provided with pipelines, one side is provided with a water inlet 9.3, the other side is provided with a water outlet 9.4, the water inlet pipeline is communicated with one ends of the serpentine cooling pipes of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the water outlet pipeline is communicated with the other ends of the serpentine cooling pipes of the upper plate and the lower plate. So that the refrigerant channels on the battery cold plate are connected in parallel.
The evaporator 4 is also provided with a blower and a PTC heater to generate cool air into the passenger compartment. The condenser 2 is also provided with a condenser fan.
When the air conditioning system is in operation, the compressor 1 sucks in the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the evaporator 4, compresses it, increases its temperature and pressure, and feeds it into the condenser 2.
The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant dissipates heat to the air outside the vehicle and liquefies into a liquid state during the process of passing through the condenser 2. The temperature and pressure of the liquid refrigerant are reduced when the liquid refrigerant passes through the first electromagnetic expansion valve 7. After reaching the evaporator 4, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat of the air around the evaporator 4 and evaporates, and turns into gas to return to the compressor and starts the cycle of the next cycle.
The pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the first electromagnetic expansion valve 7 is 0.2MPa, and the temperature is about 0 ℃ (R134 a refrigerant is an example), thereby satisfying the temperature condition for cooling the battery cell.
Therefore, a branch is connected in parallel to the battery cooling plate 9, so that the purpose of cooling the battery unit can be achieved. For convenient control, the expansion valve with single function is changed into the second electromagnetic expansion valve 8 with the band-pass function, namely, two electromagnetic expansion valves.
The refrigerant from the liquid storage dryer 3 behind the condenser 2 is divided into two paths, and one path normally passes through the first electromagnetic expansion valve 7 and returns to the compressor 1 through the evaporator 4;
one path of the heat passes through the second electromagnetic expansion valve 8 and then enters the battery cooling plate 9, and the heat (from the battery core) of the battery cooling plate 9 is absorbed and then returns to the compressor 1. The refrigerant is sent to the condenser 2 by the compressor 1 to release the absorbed heat to the atmosphere, thereby realizing the refrigeration of the passenger cabin and the power battery.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cold plate, the battery cold plate adopts an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure and the lower layer structure are respectively close to the upper battery module and the lower battery module, and simultaneously, refrigerant channels on the cold plate are all in a parallel connection mode. The structure of the battery cooling plate is schematically shown in fig. 2 and 3.
1) During refrigeration, the compressor and the condensing fan are started, and the second electromagnetic expansion valve 8 for refrigerating the battery cold plate is opened; when the cooling is not performed, the second electromagnetic expansion valve 8 for refrigerating the battery cold plate is closed, and whether the compressor and the condensing fan need to be closed depends on the refrigerating requirement of the passenger cabin;
2) When the cooling is accelerated, the compressor and the condensing fan are started, the expansion and stop combination valve 2 for cooling the battery cold plate is opened, and meanwhile, the expansion and stop combination valve 1 for cooling the passenger cabin is closed, namely, all refrigerants are used for cooling the power battery to the maximum extent; when the 'accelerated refrigeration' is stopped, the expansion and stop combination valve 1 for the refrigeration of the passenger cabin is opened according to the refrigeration requirement of the passenger cabin, so that the cooperative control of the passenger cabin and the power battery is realized.
The above description is only specific embodiments of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and the actual configuration of the expansion valve, the structure and the number of the battery cooling plates may be different from the above embodiments, and the air conditioning system may independently control the passenger cabin, and may also heat or cool the passenger cabin according to the VCU instruction, so all equivalent changes and modifications according to the protection scope of the present utility model should be included in the technical coverage of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile power battery cooling device which characterized in that: the device comprises a cabin cooling device, wherein one end of a liquid storage dryer of the cabin cooling device is connected with an electromagnetic expansion valve, the electromagnetic expansion valve is connected with a battery cold plate inlet of a cooling battery, and a battery cold plate outlet is connected with a compressor;
the device comprises an air-conditioning compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage dryer, an evaporator, a condenser fan, a first electromagnetic expansion valve and a second electromagnetic expansion valve which are arranged in a trolley equipment cabin;
one end of the evaporator is connected with the compressor, the other end of the evaporator is connected with the first electromagnetic expansion valve, the compressor is connected with the condenser, the condenser is connected with one end of the liquid storage dryer, the other end of the liquid storage dryer is connected with the first electromagnetic expansion valve, one end of the liquid storage dryer is connected with the second electromagnetic expansion valve, the second electromagnetic expansion valve is connected with a battery cold plate inlet for cooling a battery, and a battery cold plate outlet is connected with the compressor.
2. The electric vehicle power battery cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the battery cooling plate comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are respectively close to the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the battery module, serpentine cooling pipes are arranged in the upper plate and the lower plate, the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged on two side columns, the two side columns are provided with pipelines, one side of each side column is a water inlet, one side of each side column is a water outlet, the pipeline of the water inlet is communicated with one end of each serpentine cooling pipe of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the pipeline of the water outlet is communicated with the other end of each serpentine cooling pipe of the upper plate and the lower plate.
3. The electric vehicle power battery cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the evaporator is also provided with a blower and a PTC heater, which generate cold air to enter the passenger cabin.
4. The electric vehicle power battery cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the condenser is also provided with a condenser fan.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223068983.1U CN220272609U (en) | 2022-11-19 | 2022-11-19 | Cooling device for power battery of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223068983.1U CN220272609U (en) | 2022-11-19 | 2022-11-19 | Cooling device for power battery of electric automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220272609U true CN220272609U (en) | 2023-12-29 |
Family
ID=89299783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223068983.1U Active CN220272609U (en) | 2022-11-19 | 2022-11-19 | Cooling device for power battery of electric automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220272609U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-19 CN CN202223068983.1U patent/CN220272609U/en active Active
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