CN114056030A - Electric vehicle thermal management system, thermal management method and vehicle - Google Patents
Electric vehicle thermal management system, thermal management method and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114056030A CN114056030A CN202010768699.1A CN202010768699A CN114056030A CN 114056030 A CN114056030 A CN 114056030A CN 202010768699 A CN202010768699 A CN 202010768699A CN 114056030 A CN114056030 A CN 114056030A
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 68
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses electric motor car thermal management system, thermal management method and vehicle, and electric motor car thermal management system includes: the heat pump air-conditioning assembly comprises a compressor, an outdoor condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger; an electrical assembly including an electrical component and a battery component, at least a portion of the electrical component being self-heating, wherein the outdoor condenser is in communication with the compressor to condense the refrigerant flowing therethrough; the evaporator is arranged between the outdoor condenser and the compressor, and is communicated with the outdoor condenser to evaporate the passing refrigerant; the heat exchanger is arranged between the outdoor condenser and the compressor, and exchanges heat with the electric assembly to heat the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor condenser to the compressor. The electric vehicle heat management system can reduce the number of box body parts, reduce the system cost, is favorable for reducing the energy consumption of the whole vehicle, and has wider application scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicle thermal management, in particular to an electric vehicle thermal management system, a thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system and a vehicle with the electric vehicle thermal management system.
Background
At present, a heat pump type vehicle air conditioner with a battery heat management function is disclosed in the related art, which includes: a main refrigerant circulation circuit configured to flow a refrigerant in sequence of the compressor, the exterior heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the interior heat exchanger, or configured to flow a refrigerant in sequence of the compressor, the interior heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the exterior heat exchanger; and the defrosting circuit is configured to enable the refrigerant to pass through the defrosting throttle valve, the heat exchanger outside the automobile and the gas-liquid separator in sequence after being compressed by the compressor and then return to the compressor.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pump type automobile air conditioner with the battery heat management function comprises a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an auxiliary heating film heater 3, an external heat exchanger 4, a fan 5, a check valve 6, a check valve 7, a check valve 8, a check valve 9, a liquid storage dryer 10, an air supply electromagnetic valve 11, an air supply throttle valve 12, an intermediate heat exchanger 13, a bypass electromagnetic valve 14, an expansion valve 15, an electromagnetic valve 16, a PTC heater 17, an internal heat exchanger 18, a first battery heat exchanger 19, an electromagnetic valve 20, a fan 21, a water pump 22, a battery heat exchange module 23, a gas-liquid separator 24, a flow regulating valve 25, an electromagnetic valve 26, a second battery heat exchanger 28, a defrosting electromagnetic valve 29, a throttle valve 30 and a three-way valve 32.
In the heating mode, the heating film is heated for defrosting: as shown in fig. 1, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 enters from the port d of the four-way valve 2, flows out from the port c, enters the interior heat exchanger 18 (condenser) through the flow regulating valve 25, is condensed into a supercooled liquid after dissipating heat to the air entering the interior, enters the receiver drier 10 through the check valve 8, the solenoid valve 16 (solenoid valve 26 is closed), the expansion valve 15 depressurizes to a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, flows through the pipeline with the auxiliary heating film heater 3 through the check valve 7, when frost formation occurs, the heating film heater 3 heats the pipeline, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is rapidly raised, then flows into the exterior heat exchanger/condenser 4 to heat the exterior heat exchanger 4, at this time, the fan 5 operates at the highest speed to defrost, then the refrigerant enters through the port b of the four-way valve 2, flows out from the port a into the gas-liquid separator 24, and then enters the compressor 1, and realizing heating circulation.
In the technical scheme, the auxiliary heater is a newly added component compared with the traditional scheme, the component only works in a defrosting mode, and the utilization rate is not high; the heater is an electric heating film, the heating function is realized by converting electric energy into heat energy, energy consumption can be increased, the heating effect is poor mainly because a battery does not have an independent heating part on a new energy automobile carrying the heat pump air conditioning system, the heating is completely dependent on a heat pump, the heat energy which is reasonably utilized can be recovered only by the heat of an electric control part of the motor in the aspect of heat management of the whole automobile, and the energy planning in the angle of the heat management of the whole automobile is unreasonable.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a new technical solution for a thermal management system of an electric vehicle.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an electric vehicle thermal management system comprising: the heat pump air-conditioning assembly comprises a compressor, an outdoor condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger; an electrical assembly including a power-consuming assembly and a battery assembly, at least a portion of the electrical assembly being self-heating, wherein the outdoor condenser is in communication with the compressor to condense refrigerant flowing therethrough; the evaporator is arranged between the outdoor condenser and the compressor, and is communicated with the outdoor condenser to evaporate passing refrigerants; the heat exchanger is arranged between the outdoor condenser and the compressor, and exchanges heat with the electrical assembly to heat the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor condenser to the compressor.
Optionally, the battery assembly includes a battery and a self-heating circuit module for self-heating the battery; the electric component is electrically connected with the battery and takes the battery as a power supply, and the heat exchanger is connected with at least one of the battery component and the electric component for heat exchange.
Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further comprises: a first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit which are relatively independent; the first cooling loop is arranged between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly and the electrical assembly; the second cooling loop is arranged between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly and the electrical assembly; the first cooling circuit may be in communication with the second cooling circuit.
Optionally, the first cooling circuit is disposed between the heat exchanger and the battery assembly to exchange heat between the heat exchanger and the battery assembly.
Optionally, the second cooling circuit is disposed between the outdoor condenser and the electricity-consuming component to exchange heat between the outdoor condenser and the electricity-consuming component.
Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further comprises: a switching valve provided between the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit to connect or disconnect the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit.
Optionally, the switching valve is a four-way valve, the four-way valve is provided with a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port is communicated with the second port to form the first cooling circuit, the third port is communicated with the fourth port to form the second cooling circuit, and the first cooling circuit is disconnected from the second cooling circuit; the first port is in communication with the third port, and the first cooling circuit is in communication with the second cooling circuit when the second port is in communication with the fourth port.
Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further comprises: a first temperature control assembly that detects a temperature of the heat exchanger; when the temperature of the heat exchanger is higher than a first temperature, the first temperature control assembly communicates the first cooling circuit with the second cooling circuit; the first temperature control assembly disconnects the first cooling circuit from the second cooling circuit when the temperature of the heat exchanger is less than a first temperature.
Optionally, the electric vehicle thermal management system further comprises: and the second temperature controller is used for detecting the temperature of the battery and is connected with the self-heating circuit module, and the second temperature controller controls the self-heating circuit module to heat the battery when the temperature of the battery is lower than a second temperature.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a thermal management method of a thermal management system of an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of: s1, detecting the temperature of a heat exchanger of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the temperature, and executing a step S2 when the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the set temperature; and S2, controlling the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the electrical assembly.
Optionally, step S2 includes: and detecting the temperature of the heat exchanger, controlling the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the battery assembly and the power utilization assembly when the temperature of the heat exchanger is higher than a first temperature, and controlling the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the battery assembly when the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the first temperature.
Optionally, step S2 further includes: the temperature of the battery is detected, and the self-heating circuit module is controlled to heat the battery when the temperature of the battery is lower than a second temperature.
According to a third aspect of the application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the electric vehicle thermal management system of any of the above embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one part of the electric assembly is set to be a structure capable of self-heating, and at least one part of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly is set to be capable of heat exchange with the electric assembly, so that the electric vehicle heat management system does not need to add an external heating source, under a low-temperature environment, the heat pump air-conditioning assembly and the electric assembly can provide efficient heating through heat exchange, the electric vehicle heat management system can not only reduce the number of box parts, reduce the system cost, but also is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the whole vehicle, and the application scene is wider.
Further features of the present application and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat pump type vehicle air conditioner in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of thermal management of an electric vehicle thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
an electric vehicle thermal management system 100;
a heat pump air conditioning assembly 10; a compressor 11; an outdoor condenser 12; an evaporator 13; a heat exchanger 14; a solenoid valve 15; an indoor condenser 16; a first expansion valve 17; a second expansion valve 18; a third expansion valve 19;
an electrical component 20; the electricity consuming component 21; a battery assembly 22; a battery 221; a self-heating circuit module 222;
a liquid collector 30; a blower 40;
a first cooling circuit 50; a first water pump 51;
a second cooling circuit 60; a three-way valve 61; a heat sink 62; a second water pump 63;
a switching valve 70; a first port 71; a second port 72; a third port 73; a fourth port 74.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Hereinafter, a thermal management system 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the thermal management system 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 and an electrical assembly 20.
Specifically, the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 comprises a compressor 11, an outdoor condenser 12, an evaporator 13 and a heat exchanger 14, an electrical assembly 20 comprises an electrical assembly 21 and a battery assembly 22, at least one part of the electrical assembly 20 can be self-heated, wherein the outdoor condenser 12 is communicated with the compressor 11 to condense refrigerant flowing through; the evaporator 13 is arranged between the outdoor condenser 12 and the compressor 11, and the evaporator 13 is communicated with the outdoor condenser 12 to evaporate the passing refrigerant; the heat exchanger 14 is provided between the outdoor condenser 12 and the compressor 11, and the heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat with the electrical component 20 to heat the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor condenser 12 to the compressor 11.
In other words, the thermal management system 100 of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises two parts, namely, a heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 and an electrical assembly 20, wherein the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 can be a heat exchange assembly commonly used by a vehicle, and can be used for cooling or heating a passenger compartment of the vehicle to meet requirements of passengers for different temperatures; the electrical component 20 mainly comprises an electrical component 21 and a battery component 22, wherein the electrical component 21 can be a high-voltage equipment thermal management system of a vehicle and mainly comprises electrical equipment such as a motor, an electric controller, a vehicle-mounted charger and a DC/DC (direct current/direct current) of the vehicle; the battery assembly 22 may be used to provide power to the power consuming assembly 21.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery assembly 22 may include a battery 221 and a self-heating circuit module 222, the self-heating circuit module 222 being configured to self-heat the battery 221; the electricity-consuming module 21 is electrically connected to the battery 221 and uses the battery 221 as a power source, and the heat exchanger 14 is connected to and exchanges heat with at least one of the battery module 22 and the electricity-consuming module 21. The self-heating circuit module 222 and the counter battery 221 may be connected by a wire.
It should be noted that, each component of the power consumption assembly 21 generates heat during the operation process, at least a portion of the battery assembly 22 may be used for self-heating, that is, both the power consumption assembly 21 and the battery assembly 22 may generate heat, and the heat exchanger 14 may exchange heat with any one or both of the power consumption assembly 21 and the battery assembly 22, so as to meet the temperature requirement of the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 in the low-temperature environment.
It is further understood that the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 may further include, in addition to the compressor 11, the outdoor condenser 12, the evaporator 13 and the heat exchanger 14, a solenoid valve 15 disposed between the compressor 11 and the outdoor condenser, an indoor condenser 16 disposed in parallel with the solenoid valve 15, a first expansion valve 17 disposed between the indoor condenser 16 and the outdoor condenser 12, a second expansion valve 18 disposed between the outdoor condenser 12 and the evaporator 13, a third expansion valve 19 disposed between the outdoor condenser 12 and the heat exchanger 14, a liquid collector 30 disposed between the evaporator 13 and the compressor 11, a blower 40 for blowing air to the evaporator 13 disposed adjacent to the evaporator 13, and the components of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 are communicated with each other to heat or cool the refrigerant.
When the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 is used for heating a passenger compartment, the indoor condenser 16 and the outdoor condenser 12 are connected in series, the electromagnetic valve 15 between the indoor condenser 16 and the outdoor condenser 12 is an electronic expansion valve, the outdoor condenser 12 is a liquid-cooled condenser, and the liquid-cooled condenser can comprise two parts, wherein one part is a cooling liquid flow channel, the other part is a cooling medium flow channel, and heat is exchanged between cooling medium and cooling liquid. When the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 is used for refrigerating, the high-temperature refrigerant releases heat to the cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid transfers the heat to the environment through the radiator; when the heat pump is heating, the refrigerant may absorb heat from the coolant. The heat exchanger 14 of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 also comprises two sections capable of exchanging heat, wherein a first section of the heat exchanger 14 is communicated with a refrigerant pipeline of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10, and a second section of the heat exchanger 14 is communicated with a refrigerant flow channel of the electric assembly 20.
In a high-temperature environment, the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 can cool the passenger compartment, and simultaneously, the battery module can be cooled through the plate heat exchanger 14 and the battery assembly 22, and the distribution of the cooling capacity of the air-conditioning system is realized by adjusting the opening degrees of the evaporator 13 and the third expansion valve 19 in front of the plate heat exchanger 14.
In a low-temperature environment, the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 heats the passenger compartment, the battery assembly 22 can perform self-heating temperature rise, and when the ambient temperature is low, the surplus heat of the battery assembly 22 can be selectively transferred to the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 to assist in heating the passenger compartment through heat exchange with the heat exchanger 14. When the environmental temperature is low, the energy efficiency of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 may be affected, and at this time, the waste heat generated by the operation of the electric assembly 21 such as a motor, an electric controller, a DC/DC converter and the like may be used to assist the heating of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 during the driving process.
The operation of the thermal management system 100 for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
First, when the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 needs to heat the passenger compartment, the refrigerant passes through the indoor condenser 16, the outdoor condenser 12 in sequence, then passes through the indoor evaporator 13 and the heat exchanger 14 connected in parallel, and returns to the compressor 11. When the passenger compartment or the battery needs to be cooled, the first expansion valve 17 on the branch of the indoor condenser 16 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 15 is simultaneously switched on, the refrigerant directly passes through the outdoor condenser 12 to dissipate heat to the environment after coming out of the compressor 11, and then enters the indoor evaporator 13 through the second expansion valve 18 or enters the heat exchanger 14 through the third expansion valve 19 to cool the air to the target.
When the passenger compartment needs to be heated, if the ambient temperature is high, the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 can work in a high efficiency range, all refrigerant in the system radiates heat through the indoor condenser 16, then absorbs heat from the environment through the first expansion valve 17 and the outdoor condenser 12, the second expansion valve 18 is closed, the third expansion valve 19 is fully opened, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 11 after passing through the heat exchanger 14, at this time, heat exchange is not performed between the heat exchanger 14 and the electrical assembly 20, and the plate type heat exchanger 14 is only used as a refrigerant channel. In order to reduce the heat loss of the refrigerant at the heat exchanger 14, a refrigerant passage can be separately arranged after the outdoor condenser 12 to directly lead the refrigerant back to the liquid collector 30, and the expansion valves on the branches of the evaporator 13 and the plate heat exchanger 14 are closed, so that higher energy efficiency is obtained.
When the ambient temperature is low and affects the working efficiency of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10, if the passenger compartment needs heating and the heat of the electric assembly 21 is sufficient, the heat exchanger 14 and the electric assembly 21 can exchange heat, the heat generated by the electric assembly 21 is used for heating the cooling liquid and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 through the outdoor condenser 12, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve 15 is closed, the first expansion valve 17 is opened, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 11 through the heat exchanger 14 after absorbing the heat through the outdoor condenser 12, at the moment, the heat exchanger 14 is only used as a refrigerant channel, so that the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 can still work in a higher efficiency range, and the temperature adaptability of the heat pump system is expanded. When the ambient temperature is low and the heat value of the electric component 21 is insufficient, the self-heating system of the battery component 22 can be activated to heat, so that the heat of the battery heats the refrigerant through the plate heat exchanger 14, and the electric component 21 and the battery component 22 can assist the heat pump air-conditioning component 10 to heat together.
Therefore, according to the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one part of the electrical component 20 is set to be of a structure capable of self-heating, and at least one part of the heat pump air-conditioning component 10 is set to be capable of heat exchange with the electrical component 20, so that the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 can provide efficient heating without additionally arranging an external heating source, and the heat pump air-conditioning component 10 and the electrical component 20 can exchange heat to provide efficient heating in a low-temperature environment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the thermal management system 100 of the electric vehicle further includes: the cooling system comprises a first cooling circuit 50 and a second cooling circuit 60 which are independent, wherein the first cooling circuit 50 is arranged between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 and the electrical assembly 20, the second cooling circuit 60 is arranged between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 and the electrical assembly 20, and the first cooling circuit 50 can be communicated with the second cooling circuit 60.
That is, the first cooling circuit 50 and the second cooling circuit 60 are disposed between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 and the electrical assembly 20, and different heat exchange functions can be realized according to different use requirements by switching between two different cooling circuits between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 and the electrical assembly 20.
Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a first cooling circuit 50 is provided between the heat exchanger 14 and the battery assembly 22 to exchange heat between the heat exchanger 14 and the battery assembly 22.
Preferably, the second cooling circuit 60 is provided between the outdoor condenser 12 and the electricity-consuming module 21 to exchange heat between the outdoor condenser 12 and the electricity-consuming module 21.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 further includes a switching valve 70, and the switching valve 70 is disposed between the first cooling circuit 50 and the second cooling circuit 60 to connect or disconnect the first cooling circuit 50 and the second cooling circuit 60.
In other words, the electricity-consuming component 21 of the electrical component 20 exchanges heat with the heat pump air-conditioning component 10 through the second cooling circuit 60; the battery assembly 20 of the electrical assembly 20 is in thermal communication with the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 via the first cooling circuit 50. The first cooling circuit 50 and the second cooling circuit 60 are connected or disconnected through the switching valve 70, so as to adjust whether the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 is communicated with one of the first cooling circuit 50 and the second cooling circuit 60 or is simultaneously communicated with the first cooling circuit 50 and the second cooling circuit 60.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the switching valve 70 is a four-way valve having a first port 71, a second port 72, a third port 73, and a fourth port 74.
The first port 71 is communicated with the second port 72 to form the first cooling circuit 50, the third port 74 is communicated with the fourth port 74 to form the second cooling circuit 60, and the first cooling circuit 50 is disconnected from the second cooling circuit 60; the first cooling circuit 50 communicates with the second cooling circuit 60 when the first port 71 communicates with the third port 73 and the second port 72 communicates with the fourth port 74.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first cooling circuit 50 may be understood as a battery thermal management circuit in which the communicating elements include a battery 221, a heat exchanger 14, a first water pump 51, and a first port 71 and a second port 72 of a switching valve 70. The battery 221 is internally provided with a battery liquid cooling plate, heat is transferred between cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate and the self-heating circuit module 222, and the liquid cooling plate is communicated with the first water pump 51 and the second part of the heat exchanger 14 through a cooling liquid flow channel.
The battery thermal management loop is mainly used for cooling the battery 221, transferring heat of the battery 221 to the heat pump air-conditioning component 10 when the ambient temperature is extremely low, and assisting in heating the passenger compartment, and the self-heating circuit module 222 is a circuit module capable of realizing high-frequency alternate charging and discharging of the battery module and consists of a plurality of energy storage elements and switch elements. When the temperature of the battery 221 is low and needs to be heated, the battery pack needs to be alternately charged and discharged at high frequency to raise the temperature of the battery pack, specifically, the battery discharges energy storage elements such as a capacitor and an inductor, the polarity of a circuit is reversed after the battery discharges for a period of time, at the moment, the battery is charged by electric energy stored in the energy storage elements, and the temperature of the battery is quickly raised through the self internal resistance heating of the battery. The charge-discharge time or the charge-discharge state alternation of the battery is controlled by orderly switching on and off of the switch element group.
The second cooling circuit 60 can be understood as a high-pressure system thermal management circuit, and the components communicated with the high-pressure system thermal management circuit comprise high-pressure equipment (comprising an electric motor, an electric controller, an on-board charger, a DC/DC, and the like), a three-way valve 61, a radiator 62, a second water pump 63, the outdoor condenser 12, and a third port 73 and a fourth port 74 of the switching valve 70. The electric three-way valve 61 and the switching valve 70 can adjust a cooling liquid circulation path, and interaction between a high-pressure system thermal management loop and a battery thermal management loop is achieved.
There are three main paths for the coolant circulation: 1. radiator 62-high-voltage equipment loop, the electric three-way valve 61 controls all cooling liquid to pass through the radiator 62, the cooling liquid directly flows through the electric component 21 after coming out of the radiator 62, and finally circulates to the radiator 62 through the outdoor condenser 12, and the battery thermal management loop and the high-voltage system thermal management loop operate independently; 2. the outdoor condenser 12 is a high-voltage equipment loop, the electric three-way valve 61 controls the cooling liquid not to pass through the radiator 62, the switching valve 70 is combined to realize the circulation of the cooling liquid between the outdoor condenser 12 and the electric component 21, and the battery heat management loop operates independently; 3. the outdoor condenser 12, the battery 221 and the high-voltage equipment loop are controlled by the electric three-way valve 61 to prevent the cooling liquid from flowing through the radiator 62, and the switching valve 70 is combined to realize that the cooling liquid flows out of the outdoor condenser 12 and then sequentially passes through the heat exchanger 14, the battery 221 and the electric assembly 21 to be recycled to the outdoor condenser 12.
When the whole vehicle runs in a high-temperature environment, the high-voltage electric equipment (a motor, an electric controller and a DC/DC) needs to radiate heat to the environment, at the moment, the electric three-way valve 61 controls the cooling liquid to completely pass through the radiator 62, and under the action of the electronic fan, the cooling liquid exchanges heat with air in the radiator 62 to cool the high-temperature equipment on the high-voltage equipment heat management loop.
When the ambient temperature is low, for example, 10 ℃ below zero, the passenger compartment needs to be heated during driving, at this time, the electric three-way valve 61 controls to realize that the coolant does not pass through the radiator 62, and the switching valve 70 controls to realize that the coolant only flows through the high-voltage electric equipment room, so that the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10 can pump heat from the high-voltage electric equipment with high temperature through the coolant to heat the passenger compartment.
When the ambient temperature is extremely low, for example, below-10 ℃, the refrigerant passes through the indoor condenser 16, then flows through the outdoor condenser 12 and the plate heat exchanger 14 and returns to the compressor 11, the battery thermal management loop operates independently, and the coolant brings the heat of the battery 221 to the plate heat exchanger 14 and heats the refrigerant of the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10, so that the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 can operate in a high-efficiency state. When the ambient temperature is extremely low, if the whole vehicle is in a running state, the heat of the battery and the heat of a high-pressure system can be simultaneously utilized to assist heating of a passenger compartment, at the moment, a battery heat management loop independently runs, the loop state of the high-pressure system is in an outdoor condenser 12-high-pressure equipment loop, at the moment, after a refrigerant comes out of an indoor condenser 16, the refrigerant is subjected to primary pressure reduction and temperature reduction through a first expansion valve 17 in front of the outdoor condenser 12, then the refrigerant flows through the outdoor condenser 12 to absorb the waste heat of a high-pressure electric system, then the refrigerant is subjected to secondary pressure reduction and temperature reduction through a third expansion valve 19 in front of a plate heat exchanger 14 and flows through the plate heat exchanger 14 to absorb the heat from the battery, and different combinations of heat absorption capacity of the battery and the high-pressure electric system can be realized by adjusting the two expansion valves in the process.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 further comprises: a first temperature control assembly (not shown) that detects the temperature of the heat exchanger 14.
When the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is higher than the first temperature, the first temperature control assembly communicates the first cooling circuit 50 with the second cooling circuit 60; when the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is below the first temperature, the first temperature control assembly will disconnect the first cooling circuit 50 from the second cooling circuit 60.
Therefore, the temperature is detected through the first temperature control assembly, different cooling loops can be accurately selected at different temperatures, the management energy efficiency of the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 on heat is further improved, and the reduction of the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is facilitated.
Preferably, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 further includes a second thermostat (not shown) for detecting a temperature of the battery 221 and connected to the self-heating circuit module 222, and the second thermostat controls the self-heating circuit module 222 to heat the battery when the temperature of the battery 221 is lower than a second temperature.
Therefore, by arranging the second temperature control assembly, the temperature of the environment where the battery 221 is located can be accurately detected, so that the self-heating circuit module 222 can be reasonably adjusted to be opened and closed, the management energy efficiency of the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 on heat can be further improved, and the lower passenger compartment in the low-temperature environment can provide efficient heating, so that the application scene of the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 is wider.
The thermal management method of the thermal management system 100 for the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the thermal management method of the thermal management system 100 of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
s1, detecting the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly 10, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is lower than the temperature, and executing the step S2 when the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is lower than the set temperature.
And S2, controlling the heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the electrical component 20.
That is to say, according to the thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 in the embodiment of the present invention, when the vehicle is thermally managed, the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is first detected, and when the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is not lower than the set temperature, it can be determined that the ambient temperature of the vehicle is high, at this time, the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 does not need to be heated, and the heat pump air conditioning assembly 10 can normally heat or cool the passenger compartment of the vehicle. When the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is low, it is determined that the ambient temperature of the vehicle is low, and at this time, if only the heat pump air-conditioning component 10 is used for heating the passenger compartment, the heating effect may be unsatisfactory, and in this case, the heat exchanger 14 is controlled to perform heat exchange with the electrical component 20 of the vehicle, so that the heating effect of the vehicle can be improved, and no additional heating structure is needed, that is, the number of box parts is controlled, the cost is reduced, and the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, step S2 includes:
the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is detected, the heat exchanger 14 is controlled to perform heat exchange with the battery assembly 22 and the electricity utilization assembly 21 when the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is higher than a first temperature, and the heat exchanger 14 is controlled to perform heat exchange with the battery assembly 22 when the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is lower than the first temperature.
Further, step S2 may further include:
the temperature of the battery is detected, and the self-heating circuit module 222 is controlled to heat the battery 221 when the temperature of the battery 221 is lower than the second temperature.
That is, when controlling the heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the electrical component 20, it is also possible to control whether the heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat with the battery pack 22 of the electrical component 20 or exchanges heat with both the battery pack 22 and the electrical component 21 depending on the ambient temperature. It is also possible to determine in which case the battery 221 is heated, based on the ambient temperature. The control process is described in detail in the above embodiments, and thus is not described in detail.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the vehicle comprises the electric vehicle thermal management system 100 according to the embodiment, and the electric vehicle thermal management system according to the embodiment has the technical effects, so that the vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention also has the corresponding technical effects, namely, the number of box body parts can be reduced, the system cost is reduced, the whole vehicle energy consumption is reduced, and the application scene is wider.
Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. An electric vehicle thermal management system, comprising:
the heat pump air-conditioning assembly comprises a compressor, an outdoor condenser, an evaporator and a heat exchanger;
an electrical assembly comprising an electrical component and a battery component, at least a portion of the electrical component being self-heating,
wherein the outdoor condenser is in communication with the compressor to condense refrigerant flowing therethrough; the evaporator is arranged between the outdoor condenser and the compressor, and is communicated with the outdoor condenser to evaporate passing refrigerants; the heat exchanger is arranged between the outdoor condenser and the compressor, and exchanges heat with the electrical assembly to heat the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor condenser to the compressor.
2. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the battery assembly comprises a battery and a self-heating circuit module for self-heating the battery; the electric component is electrically connected with the battery and takes the battery as a power supply, and the heat exchanger is connected with at least one of the battery component and the electric component for heat exchange.
3. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising: a first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit which are relatively independent;
the first cooling loop is arranged between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly and the electrical assembly;
the second cooling loop is arranged between the heat pump air-conditioning assembly and the electrical assembly;
the first cooling circuit may be in communication with the second cooling circuit.
4. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein the first cooling loop is disposed between the heat exchanger and the battery assembly to exchange heat between the heat exchanger and the battery assembly.
5. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein the second cooling circuit is disposed between the outdoor condenser and the electrical component for exchanging heat between the outdoor condenser and the electrical component.
6. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, further comprising:
a switching valve provided between the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit to connect or disconnect the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit.
7. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 6, wherein the switching valve is a four-way valve having a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port,
the first port is communicated with the second port to form the first cooling circuit, the third port is communicated with the fourth port to form the second cooling circuit, and the first cooling circuit is disconnected from the second cooling circuit;
the first port is in communication with the third port, and the first cooling circuit is in communication with the second cooling circuit when the second port is in communication with the fourth port.
8. The electric vehicle thermal management system of any of claims 3-7, further comprising:
a first temperature control assembly that detects a temperature of the heat exchanger;
when the temperature of the heat exchanger is higher than a first temperature, the first temperature control assembly communicates the first cooling circuit with the second cooling circuit;
the first temperature control assembly disconnects the first cooling circuit from the second cooling circuit when the temperature of the heat exchanger is less than a first temperature.
9. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 2, further comprising:
and the second temperature controller is used for detecting the temperature of the battery and is connected with the self-heating circuit module, and the second temperature controller controls the self-heating circuit module to heat the battery when the temperature of the battery is lower than a second temperature.
10. A method of thermal management of a thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to any of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
s1, detecting the temperature of a heat exchanger of the heat pump air-conditioning assembly, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the temperature, and executing a step S2 when the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the set temperature;
and S2, controlling the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the electrical assembly.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein step S2 includes:
and detecting the temperature of the heat exchanger, controlling the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the battery assembly and the power utilization assembly when the temperature of the heat exchanger is higher than a first temperature, and controlling the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the battery assembly when the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the first temperature.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein step S2 further comprises:
the temperature of the battery is detected, and the self-heating circuit module is controlled to heat the battery when the temperature of the battery is lower than a second temperature.
13. A vehicle comprising the electric vehicle thermal management system of any of claims 1-9.
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| CN202010768699.1A CN114056030B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Electric vehicle thermal management system, thermal management method and vehicle |
| CN202311116681.3A CN117067852B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Electric vehicle thermal management system, thermal management method and vehicle |
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| CN114056030B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
| CN117067852B (en) | 2024-09-10 |
| CN117067852A (en) | 2023-11-17 |
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