CN220208435U - Turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of machining teaching, and particularly relates to a turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid which comprises a lathe bed, a spindle assembly, a scissor lifting assembly, a tool rest assembly and a tool rest driving assembly, wherein the spindle assembly is used for clamping and driving a workpiece to rotate, the scissor lifting assembly is cooperatively arranged on the lathe bed and is used for supporting the spindle assembly and driving the spindle assembly to lift, the tool rest assembly is oppositely arranged with the spindle assembly and is used for clamping a tool, the tool rest driving assembly is cooperatively arranged on the lathe bed and is used for installing the tool rest assembly and driving the tool rest assembly to move, so that the tool on the tool rest assembly can turn the workpiece clamped on the spindle assembly. The utility model has simple structure and convenient operation, and the device can turn in the vertical direction, and can provide a direct observation view angle for students under a platform, thereby intuitively showing the turning mechanism of the machine tool to the students, knowing the functions of each surface of the cutter in the turning process and improving the teaching quality.

Description

Turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of machining teaching, and particularly relates to a turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid.

Background

Recognizing the turning mechanism plays an extremely important role in mastering lathe operation, and at present, students in professional schools often have problems of wrong cutter installation, overlarge cutting feed amount and the like because of the fact that the turning mechanism is not mastered when the students contact the lathe operation for the first time, so that teaching efficiency and quality are low, and even larger potential safety hazards exist.

The conventional general machine tool is often accompanied with metal flying chips during working, has a certain danger in the turning process when directly observed, cannot move, and cannot be applied to theoretical teaching of teachers in a teaching room. Before students touch a real machine tool, teachers can only teach through languages or videos, but knowledge abstract relevant to turning mechanisms is strong, the teaching method of language videos is general in effect, and the teaching attention of students in staff is easy to be dispersed, so that teaching quality is further reduced. Therefore, the teaching aid for demonstrating the turning mechanism in classroom teaching is needed to help teachers develop teaching work related to the turning mechanism, and students are promoted to know and understand the knowledge point through visual observation, so that problems and dangers in real machine operation are reduced, and teaching quality is promoted.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid which has the function of demonstrating a general turning process and can convert turning into a vertical plane, so that the turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid is convenient to observe. The teaching aid is light in structure, simple to operate, suitable for theoretical teaching and capable of improving teaching quality and efficiency.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid comprising:

a bed body;

the main shaft assembly is used for clamping and driving a workpiece to rotate;

the shearing fork lifting assembly is arranged on the lathe bed in a matched mode and is used for supporting the spindle assembly and driving the spindle assembly to lift;

the tool rest assembly is arranged opposite to the spindle assembly and is used for clamping a tool; and

the tool rest driving assembly is arranged on the lathe bed in a matched mode and is used for installing the tool rest assembly and driving the tool rest assembly to move, so that a tool on the tool rest assembly can turn a workpiece clamped on the spindle assembly.

Further, the spindle assembly comprises a support, a spindle box matched and installed on the support, a chuck matched and installed on the spindle box and a spindle driving component which is arranged in the spindle box and used for driving the chuck to rotate.

Further, the scissor lifting assembly comprises a platform base, an arm support arranged on the platform base, a lifting platform arranged at the upper end of the arm support and a hydraulic rod used for driving the arm support to move and further lifting the lifting platform.

Further, the scissor lifting assembly comprises a left arm support, a right arm support, a left hydraulic rod and a right hydraulic rod, and the arm supports correspond to the hydraulic rods one by one.

Further, sliding grooves are respectively formed in the front side and the rear side of the platform base, and the lower end of one side of the arm support is in sliding connection with the sliding grooves;

the shear fork lifting assembly further comprises a left height limiting mechanism and a right height limiting mechanism, the two height limiting mechanisms correspond to the two arm frames one by one, the height limiting mechanisms comprise a front adjusting block, a rear adjusting block, a connecting rod connected between the two adjusting blocks and a locking bolt pair arranged on the connecting rod, the two adjusting blocks are respectively connected to corresponding sliding grooves of the platform base in a left sliding mode and a right sliding mode and are used for being blocked with the arm frames, and the locking bolt pair is connected with a fixed beam on the platform base in a locking mode.

Further, the scissors lifting assembly further comprises a symmetrical adjusting mechanism, the symmetrical adjusting mechanism is located between the two height limiting mechanisms and comprises two inclined rods and a vertical rod, the two inclined rods form an inverted V-shaped structure, the lower ends of the two inclined rods are in one-to-one corresponding rotation connection with the two connecting rods, the upper ends of the two inclined rods are jointly in rotation connection with the vertical rod, and the vertical rod is in sliding connection with the platform base in the vertical direction.

Further, a sleeve is arranged on the platform base and is in sliding connection with the vertical rod in the vertical direction.

Further, the tool rest assembly comprises a tool rest base and a rotary tool rest arranged on the tool rest base, wherein a horizontal clamping tool position and a vertical clamping tool position are arranged on the rotary tool rest.

Further, the carriage drive assembly includes a longitudinal drive member for moving the carriage assembly in a longitudinal direction and a transverse drive member for moving the carriage assembly in a transverse direction.

Further, the knife rest driving assembly further comprises a longitudinal guide rail and a transverse guide rail, wherein the longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the transverse guide rail in a sliding manner along the transverse direction, and the knife rest assembly is arranged on the longitudinal guide rail in a sliding manner along the longitudinal direction.

The technical conception of the utility model is as follows: the shearing fork lifting assembly is added on the machine tool, the machine tool spindle assembly is arranged on the shearing fork lifting assembly, the arm support of the shearing fork lifting assembly is adjusted through the hydraulic rod, so that the height of the lifting platform is changed, the height of the spindle is changed, and the relative displacement between the spindle and the upper surface of the transverse guide rail is formed. In order to ensure the level of the lifting platform, the angle of the arm support is limited by additionally arranging a height limiting mechanism and a symmetrical adjusting mechanism, so that the symmetry of the arm support at two sides is realized, the level of the lifting platform is ensured, and the final angle of the arm support and the height of the lifting platform are determined by locking the position of the adjusting block. The purpose of raising the machining plane of the machine tool is achieved by adjusting the height of the platform. The cutting plane is converted into the vertical plane by clamping the cutter on the vertical cutter position, so that the turning process can be observed at the front and back sides of the teaching instrument. By adjusting the height of the lifting platform, i.e. the spindle, cutting can take place. Not only can the normal cutting process be simulated, but also the cutting process can be moved to a vertical plane for convenient observation, and the teaching efficiency is further improved.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the utility model has simple structure and convenient operation, and the device can turn in the vertical direction, and can provide a direct observation view angle for students under a platform, thereby intuitively showing the turning mechanism of the machine tool to the students, knowing the functions of each surface of the cutter in the turning process and improving the teaching quality;

2. the teaching aid is simple and easy to understand in operation, is simple in adjustment, can complete relevant adjustment work and start demonstration in a short time, replaces a link of describing the process by using language in a traditional classroom, and improves the efficiency of the classroom;

3. the adjustment of the positions of the tool rest and the guide rail of the machine tool is executed through a servo motor, the adjustment is accurate, and the turning demonstration process is safe and stable. The spindle box has a wide height adjustment range, and the proper spindle height can be adjusted according to actual conditions so as to be easy to observe, so that the turning demonstration process can be stably and clearly presented in front of students.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fork lift assembly according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a scissor lift assembly according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a carriage assembly according to the present utility model.

In the figure: 1-a lathe bed; 2-a scissor lift assembly; 21-a lifting platform; 22-arm support; 23-a hydraulic rod; 24-a platform base; 25-adjusting blocks; 26-connecting rod; 27-a locking bolt pair; 28-fixing beams; 29-diagonal bar; 210-vertical bars; 211-sleeve; 3-a spindle assembly; 31-a main spindle box; a 32-chuck; 33-a scaffold; 34-spindle drive; 4-a tool holder drive assembly; 41-longitudinal guide rails; 42-transverse guide rails; 43-a rail drive unit; 5-a tool holder assembly; 51-a tool holder base; 52-a rotary tool holder; 531-a first horizontal clamping tool position; 532-second horizontal clamping tool position; 533-first vertical clamping tool bit; 534-second vertical clamping tool position.

Description of the embodiments

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "one end," "the other end," "the outer side," "the upper," "the inner side," "the horizontal," "coaxial," "the center," "the end," "the length," "the outer end," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid includes a machine body 1, a scissor lifting assembly 2, a spindle assembly 3, a tool rest driving assembly 4 and a tool rest assembly 5, wherein the lower half of the scissor lifting assembly 2 is fixedly connected with the left side of the machine body 1, the turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid includes a lifting platform 21, a boom 22, a hydraulic rod 23, a platform base 24, a height limiting mechanism and a symmetrical adjusting mechanism, the platform base 24 is fixedly connected with the machine body 1, the boom 22 includes a front X-shaped cross rod assembly and a rear X-shaped cross rod assembly, the front X-shaped cross rod assembly and the rear X-shaped cross rod assembly are connected through a cross rod to keep balance, the upper end of one of the X-shaped cross rod assemblies is rotatably connected with the lifting platform 21, the lower end of the one cross rod is provided with a pulley, the pulley is slidably connected with a sliding groove on the platform base 24, the upper end of the other cross rod is provided with a pulley, the lower end of the pulley is rotatably connected with the platform base 24, the position of the boom 22 is adjusted through the adjusting hydraulic rod 23, and the height limiting mechanism is used for blocking the pulley 22 at the lower end of the X-shaped cross rod assembly to determine the position of the pulley. The spindle assembly 3 is arranged on the lifting platform 21 and comprises a spindle box 31, a chuck 32, a support 33 and a spindle driving component 34, wherein the support 33 is fixedly connected with the lifting platform 21, the spindle box 31 is fixedly connected with the support 33, the chuck 32 is arranged on the spindle box 31, and the driving component 34 is arranged inside the spindle box 31. The carriage drive assembly 4 includes a longitudinal drive member for moving the carriage assembly 5 in a longitudinal direction and a transverse drive member 43 for moving the carriage assembly 5 in a transverse direction.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the carriage drive assembly 4 further includes a longitudinal rail 41 and a transverse rail 42, the longitudinal rail 41 being slidably mounted on the transverse rail 42 in a transverse direction, and the carriage assembly 5 being slidably mounted on the longitudinal rail 41 in a longitudinal direction.

When the transverse driving component 43 and the longitudinal driving component adopt electric driving, the transverse driving component comprises a driving motor, a nut seat and a screw rod, the screw rod is transversely arranged, the driving motor drives the screw rod to work, the nut seat is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the transverse sliding seat is fixedly connected with the nut seat, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate during working, the screw rod drives the nut seat and the transverse sliding seat on the nut seat to transversely move, so that the transverse movement of the tool rest assembly is sequentially realized.

The spindle driving part 34 comprises a servo motor and a corresponding transmission structure, wherein an output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the spindle through a coupler, and the driving motor outputs torque so as to drive the spindle to rotate rapidly.

With continued reference to fig. 3, with the upper surfaces of the lifting platform 21 and the transverse guide rail 42 being flush as a height reference, the height adjustment range of the lifting platform 21 is-5 cm to +15cm;

with continued reference to fig. 4, the scissor lift assembly 2 further includes two height limiting mechanisms, the two height limiting mechanisms are in one-to-one correspondence with the two arm frames, the height limiting mechanisms include a front adjusting block 25, a rear adjusting block 25, a connecting rod 26 connected between the two adjusting blocks 25, and a locking bolt pair 27 arranged on the connecting rod 26, the two adjusting blocks 25 are respectively connected on corresponding sliding grooves of the platform base 24 in a left-to-right sliding manner, and are used for blocking with the arm frames 22, and the locking bolt pair is in locking connection with a fixed beam 28 on the platform base 24.

Further, the scissor lift assembly 2 further comprises a symmetrical adjusting mechanism, the symmetrical adjusting mechanism is located between the two height limiting mechanisms and comprises two inclined rods 29 and a vertical rod 210, the two inclined rods 29 form an inverted V-shaped structure, the lower ends of the two inclined rods 29 are in one-to-one corresponding rotation connection with the two connecting rods 26, the upper ends of the two inclined rods 29 are jointly in rotation connection with the vertical rod 210, and the vertical rod 210 is in sliding connection with the platform base 24 in the vertical direction. The platform base 24 is provided with a sleeve 211 for sliding connection with the vertical rod 210 in the vertical direction.

Principle of operation of the height limiting mechanism: the adjusting blocks 25 are embedded in the sliding grooves and can limit the movement of the pulleys so as to limit the height of the lifting platform 21, the two corresponding adjusting blocks 25 are connected through the connecting rod 26 so as to ensure the alignment of the front side and the rear side, the connecting rod 26 is locked with the fixed beam 28 through the locking bolt pair 27, the locking mode is that bolts in the locking bolt pair 27 are in threaded connection with the connecting rod 26, the lower ends of the bolts are sleeved with nuts, and the nuts compress the fixed beam 28, so that the position of the adjusting blocks 25 is locked.

The symmetrical adjusting mechanism is used for ensuring the symmetry of the left and right height limiting mechanisms, further ensuring the symmetry of the postures of the left and right arm frames 22 and ensuring the level of the lifting platform 21, and the principle is that: the two diagonal rods 29 are the same in length and are bilaterally symmetrical, the upper ends of the two diagonal rods 29 are rotationally connected through a transfer pin, the transfer pin is rotationally connected with a vertical rod 210, the vertical rod 210 can be kept vertical, and further the two diagonal rods 29 and the two height limiting mechanisms are kept symmetrical.

In some embodiments, holes may be formed in the platform base 24 to allow the post 210 to slidably engage the holes to ensure that the post 210 is vertical.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the carriage assembly 5 includes a carriage base 51, a rotatable carriage 52 disposed on the carriage base 51, the rotatable carriage 52 having four carriage locations including a first horizontal clamping location 531, a second horizontal clamping location 532, a first vertical clamping location 533, and a second vertical clamping location 534.

Further, the carriage assembly 5 is longitudinally movable on the longitudinal rail 41 in a manner that may be electrically or hydraulically driven.

The utility model has the following specific working processes: after the chuck is used for clamping a cutting object, the main shaft driving part is started to rotate, the cutter is clamped in a horizontal clamping cutter position, and after the central height of the cutting object and the cutter are adjusted to be horizontal through the scissor lifting assembly, the longitudinal driving part and the transverse driving part are started to start feeding, so that the normal cutting process is demonstrated. The method comprises the steps of taking down a cutter, replacing a cutting object with a new cutting object, clamping the cutter at a vertical clamping cutter position, adjusting a scissor lifting assembly, lifting a main shaft assembly, enabling the height of the cutter to be slightly higher than the lowest point of the cutting object, adjusting the longitudinal position of a cutter rest assembly to enable the cutter to be aligned with the center of the cutting object, starting a driving part to start feeding, converting a cutting plane into a vertical plane at the moment, and demonstrating a cutting mechanism in the plane.

The cutting object of the utility model is common plastic or 3D printed hot melt plastic, the surface of the 3D printed hot melt plastic is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer which are the same in material and complementary in color, and the outer layer is cut during cutting, so that the observation is clearer through the contrast of the complementary colors. In addition, the teaching aid can also complete the following teaching tasks:

1) The utility model can be used as a light machine tool teaching aid for common teaching, and can finish simple turning processing such as turning an outer circle, processing a stepped shaft and the like, thereby finishing a series of demonstration and teaching of entering processing in a classroom;

2) The structure of the utility model can be used for displaying each component part of the machine tool, and the utility model can be used for teaching the names and actions of each component part of the machine tool.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid which characterized in that includes:

a bed (1);

the main shaft assembly (3) is used for clamping and driving a workpiece to rotate;

the shearing fork lifting assembly (2) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) in a matched mode and is used for supporting the spindle assembly (3) and driving the spindle assembly (3) to lift;

the tool rest assembly (5) is arranged opposite to the spindle assembly (3) and is used for clamping a tool; and

the tool rest driving assembly (4), tool rest driving assembly (4) cooperation is installed on lathe bed (1), and it is used for installing tool rest subassembly (5) and drives tool rest subassembly (5) activity, makes the cutter on tool rest subassembly (5) can carry out the turning to the work piece of clamping on spindle unit (3).

2. A turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that the spindle assembly (3) comprises a support (33), a spindle box (31) cooperatively mounted on the support (33), a chuck (32) cooperatively mounted on the spindle box (31), and a spindle driving component (34) built in the spindle box (31) and used for driving the chuck (32) to rotate.

3. The turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the scissor lifting assembly (2) comprises a platform base (24), a boom (22) arranged on the platform base (24), a lifting platform (21) arranged at the upper end of the boom (22) and a hydraulic rod (23) used for driving the boom (22) to move so as to enable the lifting platform (21) to lift.

4. A turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 3, characterized in that the scissor lifting assembly (2) comprises a left arm support (22) and a right arm support (23) and a left hydraulic rod (23), and the arm supports (22) are in one-to-one correspondence with the hydraulic rods (23).

5. The turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 4, wherein sliding grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the platform base (24), and the lower end of one side of the arm support (22) is in sliding connection with the sliding grooves;

the scissors fork lifting assembly (2) further comprises a left height limiting mechanism and a right height limiting mechanism, the two height limiting mechanisms are in one-to-one correspondence with the two arm frames, the height limiting mechanisms comprise a front adjusting block (25), a rear adjusting block (25), a connecting rod (26) connected between the two adjusting blocks (25) and a locking bolt pair (27) arranged on the connecting rod (26), the two adjusting blocks (25) are respectively connected on corresponding sliding grooves of the platform base (24) in a left sliding mode and a right sliding mode and are used for being blocked with the arm frames (22), and the locking bolt pair is connected with a fixed beam (28) on the platform base (24) in a locking mode.

6. The turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 5, wherein the scissor lifting assembly (2) further comprises a symmetrical adjusting mechanism, the symmetrical adjusting mechanism is located between the two height limiting mechanisms and comprises two inclined rods (29) and a vertical rod (210), the two inclined rods (29) form an inverted V-shaped structure, the lower ends of the two inclined rods (29) are in one-to-one corresponding rotation connection with the two connecting rods (26), the upper ends of the two inclined rods (29) are jointly in rotation connection with the vertical rod (210), and the vertical rod (210) is in sliding connection with the platform base (24) in the vertical direction.

7. The turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 6, wherein a sleeve (211) is provided on the platform base (24) for sliding connection with the vertical rod (210) in a vertical direction.

8. The turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the tool rest assembly (5) comprises a tool rest base (51) and a rotary tool rest (52) arranged on the tool rest base (51), and a horizontal clamping tool position and a vertical clamping tool position are arranged on the rotary tool rest (52).

9. A turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage drive assembly (4) comprises a longitudinal drive member for driving the carriage assembly (5) in a longitudinal direction and a transverse drive member (43) for driving the carriage assembly (5) in a transverse direction.

10. A turning mechanism demonstration teaching aid according to claim 9 and characterized in that the carriage drive assembly (4) further comprises a longitudinal rail (41) and a transverse rail (42), the longitudinal rail (41) being slidably mounted on the transverse rail (42) in a transverse direction, the carriage assembly (5) being slidably mounted on the longitudinal rail (41) in a longitudinal direction.