CN220178152U

CN220178152U - Vacuum negative-pressure ladle convenient for skimming slag and electrolyte from aluminum liquid surface

Info

Publication number: CN220178152U
Application number: CN202321273071.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王会智; 王琪; 王钰
Original assignee: Luoyang Jiahui Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Luoyang Jiahui Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-24
Filing date: 2023-05-24
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-24

Abstract

The utility model provides a vacuum negative pressure ladle convenient to slag and electrolyte are taken off by aluminium liquid level, includes the ladle body, set up the aluminium mouth on the ladle body and set up the furnace gate in the mouth department of aluminium mouth, the mouth is corresponding with the liquid level of splendid attire aluminium liquid in the ladle body, and the junction of mouth upper edge and the ladle body is higher than the liquid level top of splendid attire aluminium liquid in the ladle body, the junction of mouth lower edge and the ladle body is located the bottom of ladle body or is located the position that the lateral wall of ladle body is close to the ladle body bottom. The ladle body is convenient to remove the oxidizing slag and the electrolyte in the ladle body, and the aluminum liquid is discharged from the aluminum outlet nozzle by tilting the ladle body more conveniently, rapidly and safely.

Description

Vacuum negative-pressure ladle convenient for skimming slag and electrolyte from aluminum liquid surface

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum production equipment, in particular to a vacuum negative pressure ladle convenient for skimming slag and electrolyte from an aluminum liquid surface.

Background

The vacuum negative pressure ladle is widely applied to the aluminum liquid transferring process in the electrolytic aluminum industry, and the existing common vacuum negative pressure ladle generally comprises a ladle body, a ladle upper cover, an aluminum outlet nozzle and an aluminum suction pipe, wherein after the ladle body is moved to an aluminum liquid electrolytic tank through a crown block, the aluminum liquid is sucked into the ladle body through the aluminum suction pipe under the action of negative pressure, and then the ladle body is transferred to the next production process through the crown block, and finally the aluminum liquid in the ladle body is poured out from the aluminum outlet nozzle through tilting the ladle body.

In the process that the aluminum suction pipe sucks aluminum liquid from the electrolytic tank, the oxidizing slag and electrolyte in the electrolytic tank are inevitably sucked out, and a small amount of oxidizing slag is generated at the top of an aluminum liquid page after the aluminum liquid enters the ladle body. The traditional vacuum negative pressure ladle does not have a slag skimming function, and only the ladle lifting upper cover can be opened periodically to clean, so that the time and the labor are consumed, the operation is unchanged, oxide slag and electrolyte after cooling can be adhered to the inner wall of the ladle (or the aluminum furnace) and the bottom of the ladle (or the aluminum furnace), the ladle is difficult to clean, the volume in the ladle (or the aluminum furnace) is reduced, and the aluminum outlet operation is influenced.

The temperature in the electrolytic tank is 920-960 ℃, at the temperature, the density (2.1) of the electrolyte is less than that (2.3) of the aluminum liquid, and the aluminum liquid and the electrolyte are sucked into the ladle together, so that the floating speed of the electrolyte in the aluminum liquid is higher due to the high temperature, good fluidity and small viscosity of the aluminum liquid, and the separation and clarification time is shorter. The quality of the molten aluminum is good at this time. The primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte is about 920 degrees. As the electrolyte on the surface of the aluminum liquid is further reduced, the density of the solidified electrolyte is slightly increased and still less than that of the aluminum liquid, and the solidified electrolyte floats on the surface of the aluminum liquid, so that the electrolyte is scraped at the moment and can be returned to the electrolytic tank. In addition, the high-temperature aluminum liquid has good fluidity, and the aluminum carrying amount in the process of stripping out the electrolyte is small. The aluminum liquid has good quality, can be directly used for casting aluminum ingots for remelting, and can produce little or no aluminum ash.

If the electrolyte is not scraped out at this time, the heat dissipation temperature of the aluminum liquid is further reduced to 800-850 ℃ in the process of transporting and pouring aluminum. The electrolyte temperature is reduced, and the density is smaller than, equal to or larger than that of the aluminum liquid. The fine powder electrolyte particles can enter the aluminum liquid under the action of impact force generated by the flowing of the aluminum liquid, so that the quality of the aluminum liquid is poor. At this time, the fluidity of the cooled aluminum liquid is reduced, the viscosity is increased, the movement speed of the electrolyte is reduced, a part of the electrolyte slowly floats in the aluminum liquid, a part of the electrolyte is suspended, and the other part of the electrolyte slowly sinks in the aluminum liquid, and the refining agent and the deslagging agent are added, so that the standing time is increased to enable the electrolyte to fully float or sink, and slag inclusion on the surface and in the aluminum liquid is removed. The cost investment is increased, the slag amount generated by the massive oxidation of the aluminum liquid is increased in the aluminum pouring process, the material cost is increased, and the standing time is also increased. The amount of aluminum ash scraped is increased, and 30% of aluminum is contained in the aluminum ash. The cost of manpower, equipment and the like for treating aluminum ash is increased. The environmental protection pressure of the aluminum ash treatment is increased.

In order to solve the technical problem, the applicant improves the existing vacuum negative-pressure ladle, an aluminum outlet nozzle is improved into a quadrangular frustum shape from a conventional circular tube, the joint of the aluminum outlet nozzle and the ladle body is positioned at the conventional liquid level position of aluminum liquid in the ladle body, and a furnace door capable of being opened quickly is arranged at the nozzle opening position of the aluminum outlet nozzle. Through the improvement, the furnace door can be opened to directly pull out the oxidizing slag and the electrolyte through the opening of the aluminum outlet through tools such as a slag raking rake and the like, so that the ladle volume is kept, the electrolyte can be timely pulled out and recycled, the amount of the electrolyte converted into aluminum ash is reduced, and the environmental protection pressure of the aluminum ash is reduced. The applicant applies for an utility model patent based on the above technical conception: a vacuum negative pressure ladle (202221922450.2) for aluminum electrolysis is prepared by removing electrolyte and slag from an aluminum outlet, and then the vacuum negative pressure ladle is manufactured for transferring aluminum liquid. However, when the vacuum negative pressure ladle is used for transferring aluminum liquid, the applicant further finds that the lower edge of the aluminum outlet nozzle is positioned at the upper position of the middle part of the side wall of the ladle body, so that the aluminum liquid in the ladle body is not easy to pour out completely, the ladle body needs to be tilted to a large extent to completely discharge the aluminum liquid in the ladle body, the time consumption is long, and the gravity center is moved to a large extent due to the fact that the ladle body needs to be tilted to a large extent in the tilting process, so that the structural safety is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a vacuum negative-pressure ladle which is convenient for skimming slag and electrolyte from an aluminum liquid surface, is convenient for skimming the oxidizing slag and electrolyte in a ladle body, and ensures that the aluminum liquid is discharged from an aluminum nozzle through tilting the ladle body more simply, conveniently, rapidly and safely.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following specific scheme: the utility model provides a vacuum negative pressure ladle convenient to slag and electrolyte are taken off by aluminium liquid level, includes the ladle body, set up the aluminium mouth on the ladle body and set up the furnace gate in the mouth department of aluminium mouth, the mouth is corresponding with the liquid level of splendid attire aluminium liquid in the ladle body, and the junction of mouth upper edge and the ladle body is higher than the liquid level top of splendid attire aluminium liquid in the ladle body, the junction of mouth lower edge and the ladle body is located the bottom of ladle body or is located the position that the lateral wall of ladle body is close to the ladle body bottom.

Preferably, the nozzle is rectangular, the long edges of the nozzle are distributed along the circumferential direction of the ladle body, and the short edges of the nozzle are distributed along the height direction of the ladle body.

Preferably, the aluminum nozzle is in a quadrangular frustum shape, the large end of the aluminum nozzle is connected with the ladle body, and the small end of the aluminum nozzle forms the nozzle.

Preferably, the included angle between the upper edge of the aluminum outlet nozzle and the horizontal plane is 0-15 degrees.

Preferably, the included angle between the lower edge of the aluminum nozzle and the horizontal plane is 50-75 degrees.

Preferably, the wrap angle of the aluminum nozzle to the ladle body is 50-80 degrees.

Preferably, the ladle upper cover is provided with an aluminum suction pipe.

Preferably, the top of the ladle body is provided with an aluminum suction pipe.

Preferably, the furnace door is quick-open, one or more modes of bolt compression, rotating eccentric blocks or wedge blocks and spring compression are adopted, and a sealing ring is arranged between the furnace door and the mouth.

Preferably, the furnace door is quick-opening, and a sealing ring is arranged between the furnace door and the nozzle.

Preferably, the sealing ring is an asbestos rope.

Preferably, the furnace door or the mouth is provided with a mounting groove for the sealing ring to be mounted in a matched manner, and the groove depth of the mounting groove is smaller than the thickness of the sealing ring.

And a mounting groove for the sealing ring to be mounted in a matched manner is formed in the position, protruding out of the plane of the outer frame or the mouth opening, of the inner frame of the furnace door, and the groove depth of the mounting groove is smaller than the thickness of the sealing ring.

Preferably, the mouth and the furnace door are both obliquely distributed.

Advantageous effects

According to the utility model, the mouth opening of the aluminum mouth corresponds to the liquid level of the ladle body in a state of containing the aluminum liquid amount in a conventional manner, and on one hand, the joint of the upper edge of the aluminum mouth and the ladle body is higher than the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the ladle body, so that after the furnace door is opened, slag/electrolyte layer positioned at the top of the aluminum liquid layer can be directly scraped out through tools such as a slag scraper through the mouth opening, and rapid slag skimming is performed; on the other hand, the lower edge of the nozzle of the aluminum nozzle is positioned at the bottom of the ladle body or at the position, close to the bottom of the ladle body, of the side wall of the ladle body, so that less aluminum liquid is completely discharged and the required ladle body is inclined at a side inclination angle, the aluminum liquid is convenient to rapidly discharge, and unstable structure caused by large-range movement of the gravity center of the ladle body is avoided.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the mouth opening on the aluminum outlet nozzle and the furnace door are obliquely distributed, and compared with the mouth opening and the furnace door which are vertically distributed, the preferred embodiment can enable the furnace door to be fastened at the mouth opening by the gravity action of the furnace door on the one hand, so that the sealing tightness is improved; on the other hand, the end face of the nozzle can form an annular bearing platform for supporting sealing powder, so that when leakage occurs in the use process, the sealing powder is scattered on the annular bearing platform, and the sealing powder can be automatically adsorbed into a leakage gap by the annular bearing platform under the action of negative pressure in the ladle body to form self-sealing.

In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the aluminum suction pipe is provided at the top of the ladle body, unlike the conventional aluminum suction pipe provided at the ladle upper cover, in this preferred embodiment, when the aluminum liquid is sucked from the electrolytic bath through the aluminum suction pipe, the negative pressure in the ladle body can be achieved at about-0.045 Mpa, which is less than about-0.048 Mpa, thereby reducing the requirement for the vacuum degree in the ladle body.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic front view of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vacuum negative pressure ladle of example 1 of the present utility model in a state of transferring aluminum liquid;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a vacuum negative pressure ladle designed by applicant in advance of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a right side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

the marks in the figure: 1. ladle body, 2, mouth, 3, play aluminium mouth, 4, ladle upper cover, 5, inhale the aluminum pipe, 6, furnace gate, 7, sediment/electrolyte layer, 8, aluminium liquid layer, A, mouth lower limb, B, mouth upper limb.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the utility model is described below by two examples:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, the vacuum negative pressure ladle of the present embodiment is similar to the existing conventional ladle in main structure, and includes a cylindrical ladle body 1, a ladle upper cover 4 that is openably and closably disposed on the top of the ladle body 1, an aluminum outlet nozzle 3 connected to the ladle body 1, and an aluminum suction pipe 5 connected to the ladle upper cover 4, and in addition, a negative pressure device is not shown in the figure, which is disposed on the ladle upper cover 4, and is used for pumping the inside of the ladle body 1 to a vacuum state, and then sucking aluminum liquid from the aluminum electrolysis cell through the aluminum suction pipe 5.

The difference between this embodiment and the existing conventional ladle is: the aluminum outlet nozzle 3 in the embodiment is in a quadrangular frustum shape, the large end of the aluminum outlet nozzle is used for being connected with the ladle body 1, the small end of the aluminum outlet nozzle forms a nozzle opening 2 for discharging aluminum liquid, a quick-opening furnace door 6 is arranged on the nozzle opening 2, and the nozzle opening 2 and the furnace door 6 are vertically distributed. As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the height of the nozzle 2 corresponds to the height of the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the ladle body 1 during conventional transfer, and the height of the upper edge B of the nozzle of the aluminum nozzle 3 is higher than the height of the liquid level of the aluminum liquid layer 8 in the ladle body 1 during conventional transfer, and the included angle between the upper edge B and the horizontal plane is 0-15 °, so that after the oven door 6 is opened, the slag/electrolyte layer 7 located at the top of the aluminum liquid layer 8 in the ladle body 1 is slightly lower than the lower edge of the nozzle 2, and further, by means of tools such as a slag rake, the operator can directly and rapidly rake out the oxidizing slag and electrolyte from the position of the nozzle 2.

This embodiment differs from a vacuum negative pressure ladle that facilitates skimming and electrolyte by: the joint of the lower mouth edge A of the aluminum nozzle 3 and the ladle body 1 is positioned at the position of the side wall of the ladle body 1 close to the bottom of the ladle body 1, so that the included angle between the lower mouth edge A and the horizontal plane is 50-75 degrees. Through the design, the molded line between the lower edge of the aluminum nozzle 3 and the bottom of the ladle body 1 is smoother, so that the ladle body 1 can pour out aluminum liquid rapidly under the condition of small inclination angle. In other embodiments of the present utility model, the lower edge a of the aluminum spout 3 may be directly connected to the bottom of the ladle body 1 to achieve an aluminum discharging effect similar to or better than that of the present embodiment.

In addition, the nozzle 2 in this embodiment is rectangular, the short sides of the nozzle 2 are distributed along the height direction of the ladle body 1, the long edges of the nozzle 2 circumferentially surround the ladle body 1, and a wrap angle of 50-80 ° is generated on the ladle body 1, so that the nozzle 2 in this embodiment is relatively open and wide, and slag skimming or molten aluminum pouring by the nozzle 2 is facilitated. A sealing ring (not shown in the figures) of asbestos rope material is arranged between the oven door 6 and the mouthpiece 2. The furnace door 6 is provided with a mounting groove (not shown in the figure) for the sealing ring to be mounted in a matched manner, and the groove depth of the mounting groove is smaller than the thickness of the sealing ring so as to press the sealing ring to deform moderately after the furnace door 6 is closed, thereby achieving the sealing effect.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 8, the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except for the following two aspects:

first, the mouthpiece 2 and the oven door 6 in this embodiment are both distributed obliquely. In this embodiment, the component force of gravity of the oven door 6 itself acting in the vertical direction, i.e. pressing the oven door 6 against the mouthpiece 2, is easier to seal than in embodiment 1. And the left end face of the nozzle opening 2 can also form a bearing table, after sealing leakage is generated in the use process, sealing powder (dust or powdery garbage in workshops) can be scattered on the bearing table, and the sealing powder is sucked into the leakage opening by negative pressure in the ladle body 1 to be blocked.

Secondly, the aluminum suction pipe 5 in this embodiment is located at the top of the ladle body 1, so that compared with the comparison document 1, in this embodiment, the negative pressure in the ladle body is about-0.045 Mpa, and the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic tank can be sucked through the aluminum suction pipe 5, so that the requirement on the vacuum degree in the ladle body 1 is reduced.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vacuum negative pressure ladle convenient to slag and electrolyte are taken off by aluminium liquid level, includes ladle body (1), sets up aluminium mouth (3) on ladle body (1) and sets up furnace gate (6) in mouth (2) department of aluminium mouth (3), its characterized in that: the mouth opening (2) corresponds to the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the ladle body (1), the joint of the mouth upper edge (B) and the ladle body (1) is higher than the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the ladle body (1), and the joint of the mouth lower edge (A) and the ladle body (1) is positioned at the bottom of the ladle body (1) or at the position of the side wall of the ladle body (1) close to the bottom of the ladle body (1).

2. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 1, wherein: the nozzle (2) is rectangular, the longitudinal section of the nozzle (2) gradually reduces along the aluminum liquid flow direction, the long edges of the nozzle (2) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the ladle body (1), and the short edges of the nozzle are distributed along the height direction of the ladle body (1).

3. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 2, wherein: the aluminum outlet nozzle (3) is in a quadrangular frustum shape, the large end of the aluminum outlet nozzle (3) is connected with the ladle body (1), and the small end of the aluminum outlet nozzle (3) forms the nozzle (2).

4. A vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte from an aluminum liquid surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the included angle between the upper edge (B) of the aluminum outlet nozzle (3) and the horizontal plane is 0-15 degrees.

5. A vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte from an aluminum liquid surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the included angle between the lower edge (A) of the aluminum outlet nozzle (3) and the horizontal plane is 50-75 degrees.

6. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 1, wherein: the wrap angle of the aluminum nozzle (3) to the ladle body (1) is 50-80 degrees.

7. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 1, wherein: an aluminum suction pipe (5) is arranged on the upper cover (4) of the bag.

8. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 1, wherein: the top of the ladle body (1) is provided with an aluminum suction pipe (5).

9. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 1, wherein: the furnace door (6) is quick-open, one or more modes of bolt compression, rotating eccentric blocks or wedge blocks and spring compression are adopted, and a sealing ring is arranged between the furnace door (6) and the mouth opening (2).

10. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from an aluminum liquid surface of claim 9, wherein: the sealing ring is made of asbestos rope.

11. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from an aluminum liquid surface of claim 9, wherein: and a mounting groove for the sealing ring to be mounted in a matched manner is formed in the position, protruding out of the plane of the outer frame or the position of the mouth opening (2), of the inner frame of the furnace door (6), and the groove depth of the mounting groove is smaller than the thickness of the sealing ring.

12. The vacuum negative pressure ladle for facilitating slag skimming and electrolyte removal from aluminum liquid surfaces of claim 1, wherein: the mouth opening (2) and the furnace door (6) are both distributed in an inclined way.