CN220174342U - Cold and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fruit and vegetable pretreatment device, in particular to cold and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment, which utilizes the phase change release heat of high-pressure working medium gas condensed into high-pressure working medium liquid in a condenser to prepare hot water in the working process of a reverse Carnot circulation system, low-pressure working medium gas is evaporated into phase change heat absorption of low-pressure working medium gas in an evaporator to prepare chilled water, then hot water is sprayed on fruits and vegetables through a hot water conveying water pump, after the psychrophilic and mesophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables are scalded and washed away, the chilled water is sprayed on the fruits and vegetables sprayed with the hot water through the chilled water conveying water pump, and after the thermophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables sprayed with the hot water are frozen and washed away, so that the problems of existence, growth and reproduction of causal microorganisms on the surfaces after picking are eradicated, and the problem of shortening of storage and fresh-keeping period of the fruits and vegetables are caused. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, safety, reliability, thorough removal of microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, and the like.

Description

Cold and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fruit and vegetable pretreatment device, in particular to frozen water and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment for simultaneously preparing hot water and frozen water by a reverse Carnot circulation system and treating microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables.

Background

Microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables are important factors influencing the storage and preservation period of the cold chain of the fruits and vegetables, and in order to solve the influence of the microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables on the preservation of the fruits and vegetables as much as possible, the microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables are generally killed in a chemical mode or the microorganisms lose survival conditions in a waxing mode before the preservation of the cold chain of the fruits and vegetables. The two methods for treating microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables are that the former necessarily has some chemical substances on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, and the latter directly has the wax layer on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, so that when the method is used, chemical reagents are difficult to clean, and the property that the wax layer is insoluble in water is not clean, so that the edible safety is necessarily influenced.

The microorganisms can be classified into psychrophilic microorganisms, mesophilic microorganisms and thermophilic microorganisms, wherein the temperature suitable for the psychrophilic microorganisms is 0-30 ℃ and the optimal temperature is 10-20 ℃; the temperature of mesophilic microorganisms is 0-45 ℃, and the optimal temperature is 20-40 ℃; the temperature suitable for the thermophilic microorganisms is 25-80 ℃, and the optimal temperature is 50-60 ℃. Most microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables are mesophilic microorganisms, and the mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms are fewer, no matter how much or little three microorganisms exist on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, therefore, if the picked fruits and vegetables can be placed in a hot environment higher than 45 ℃ before cold chain storage and fresh-keeping after the fruits and vegetables are picked, the mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables die, and if the picked fruits and vegetables can be placed in a cold environment lower than 20 ℃, the thermophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables die.

Therefore, if the hot environment higher than 45 ℃ and the cold environment lower than 20 ℃ can be realized in one device in a physical way, and the picked fruits and vegetables are subjected to cold and heat treatment, microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables can be eradicated under the condition that the fruits and vegetables are not polluted by chemical substances, so that the method has very important significance for prolonging the fresh-keeping period of the cold chain of the fruits and vegetables, ensuring the edible safety of the fruits and vegetables, realizing peak-shifting sales, off-site sales and off-season sales of the fruits and vegetables, and improving the value of the fruits and vegetables.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated equipment, which utilizes the phase change release heat of high-pressure working medium gas condensed into high-pressure working medium liquid in a condenser to prepare hot water in the working process of a reverse Carnot circulating system, low-pressure working medium gas is evaporated into phase change heat absorption of low-pressure working medium gas in an evaporator to prepare chilled water, hot water is sprayed on fruits and vegetables through a hot water conveying water pump, cold and mesophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables are scalded and washed away, the chilled water is sprayed on the fruits and vegetables through the chilled water conveying water pump, and the thermophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables sprayed with the hot water are frozen and washed away, so that the problems of shortened storage period of the fruits and vegetables caused by existence, growth and propagation of microorganisms on the surfaces of the causal vegetables after picking are eradicated. Therefore, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, safety, reliability, thorough removal of microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, and the like.

In order to achieve the aim of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a cold and hot water prepares and sprays integration equipment, includes the box, and the box is configured into 5 cavities: a cold water spray chamber at the left side of the upper section, a hot water spray chamber at the right side of the upper section, a cold water collecting tank at the left side of the lower section, an equipment chamber at the middle part of the lower section and a hot water collecting tank at the right side of the lower section; the fruit and vegetable to be treated penetrates from the hot water spray chamber and penetrates from the cold water spray chamber, a reverse Carnot circulation system is arranged in the equipment chamber, hot water is prepared by the reverse Carnot circulation system through the hot water circulation system, and the hot water is conveyed to the hot water spray chamber through the hot water spray system and sprayed to the surface of the fruit and vegetable; the reverse Carnot circulation system prepares cold water through the cold water circulation system, and the cold water is conveyed to the cold water spray chamber through the cold water spray system and sprayed on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables.

Further, the reverse Carnot circulation system comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator which are respectively connected with the compressor, and throttle expansion valves which are arranged on the diameter pipelines of the condenser and the evaporator.

Further, the hot water circulating system comprises a hot water circulating pump, and water circulation is established between the condenser and the hot water collecting tank through the hot water circulating pump, the pipeline and the valve; the cold water circulation system comprises a cold water circulation pump, and water circulation is established between the evaporator and the cold water collecting tank through the cold water circulation pump, a pipeline and a valve.

Further, the hot water spraying system comprises a hot water conveying water pump, a water inlet of the hot water conveying water pump is connected with a water outlet of the hot water collecting tank, the water outlet of the hot water conveying water pump is communicated with a hot water main pipe, the hot water main pipe is divided into a hot water upper branch pipe and a hot water lower branch pipe, two paths of the hot water main pipe are connected in parallel and enter the hot water spraying chamber, and a plurality of hot water nozzles are uniformly arranged on the hot water upper branch pipe and the hot water lower branch pipe respectively; the cold water spray system comprises a cold water conveying water pump, a water inlet of the cold water conveying water pump is connected with a water outlet of the cold water collecting tank, the water outlet of the cold water conveying water pump is communicated with a cold water main pipe, the cold water main pipe is divided into a cold water upper branch pipe and a cold water lower branch pipe, two paths of the cold water upper branch pipe and the cold water lower branch pipe are connected in parallel and enter the cold water spray chamber, and a plurality of cold water nozzles are uniformly arranged on the cold water upper branch pipe and the cold water lower branch pipe respectively.

Further, a hot water filter screen and a hot water float valve for automatic water supplementing are arranged in the hot water collecting tank, and a hot water drain valve for cleaning the water tank is arranged at the bottom of the hot water collecting tank; the cold water collecting tank is internally provided with a cold water filter screen and a cold water float valve for automatic water supplementing, and the bottom of the cold water collecting tank is provided with a cold water drain valve for cleaning the water tank.

Further, a cold water spray chamber at the left side of the upper section and a hot water spray chamber at the right side of the upper section are combined into a spray chamber, a fruit and vegetable inlet is formed in the right end of the spray chamber, a fruit and vegetable outlet is formed in the left end of the spray chamber, a fruit and vegetable conveying device transversely penetrates through the spray chamber and penetrates out of the fruit and vegetable inlet and the fruit and vegetable outlet respectively, and a hot water baffle curtain and a cold water baffle curtain are respectively arranged at the fruit and vegetable inlet and the fruit and vegetable outlet above the fruit and vegetable conveying device; a soft curtain is arranged in the spray chamber corresponding to the upper part of the middle part of the fruit and vegetable conveying device, a partition plate is arranged in the spray chamber corresponding to the lower part of the middle part of the fruit and vegetable conveying device, and the soft curtain and the partition plate divide the spray chamber into the hot water spray chamber and the cold water spray chamber; the hot water spray system comprises a plurality of hot water spray nozzles, an upper row of hot water spray nozzles and a lower row of cold water spray nozzles, wherein the upper row and the lower row of hot water spray nozzles are arranged in a hot water spray chamber in a mirror symmetry mode relative to the fruit and vegetable conveying device, and the plurality of cold water spray nozzles of the hot water spray system are arranged in a cold water spray chamber in a mirror symmetry mode relative to the fruit and vegetable conveying device.

Further, the system also comprises an electric control system, wherein the electric control system comprises a data acquisition element, a main control unit for data processing and execution, and a display for data, running states and fault inquiry; the data acquisition element comprises a water temperature sensor, a Carnot cycle pressure sensor and a water pressure switch; the main control unit comprises an electric control box body, and a data processor, a contactor, a frequency converter and a time relay which are arranged in the electric control box body.

Further, the compressor of the reverse Carnot circulation system adopts a variable frequency compressor, and the control system adjusts and controls the working frequency of the variable frequency compressor by adopting a frequency converter, so that the water temperatures of the hot water spraying system and the chilled water spraying system are more stable.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following remarkable technical effects:

1. low carbon and environmental protection. The device adopts a reverse Carnot circulation system, utilizes the heat release process that working medium condenses into liquid in the circulation process of the reverse Carnot circulation system to prepare hot water for removing psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms, and simultaneously utilizes the heat absorption that medium evaporates into low-pressure medium gas in the reverse Carnot circulation system to prepare cold water for removing thermophilic microorganisms, so that the device has simple structure, and realizes 100% recovery and application of the heat released by the medium of the reverse Carnot circulation system in the condenser and the cold produced by the evaporator, thereby having very low energy consumption and being a low-carbon device in the true sense.

2. The microorganism removing efficiency is high. The temperature of hot water prepared by the device and sprayed on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables is higher than 45 ℃ and higher than the conditions suitable for the survival of psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms, so that the psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms die and are washed away by the sprayed hot water; the temperature of the cold water is lower than 20 ℃ and lower than the conditions suitable for survival of thermophilic microorganisms, and the thermophilic microorganisms can die and be washed away by the sprayed cold water, so that the equipment can kill the thermophilic microorganisms, mesophilic microorganisms and thermophilic microorganisms possibly existing on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables by the hot water spraying and cold water spraying action, and the hot water and the cold water are washed away by the sprayed hot water and cold water respectively at the same time, so that the microorganism cleaning effect on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables is thorough and efficient.

3. The water temperature is even and stable, and the control is accurate. The hot water and the cold water are prepared by adopting the phase change working medium in the circulation state change of the reverse Carnot circulation system, and the heat exchange temperature difference is small, so that the water temperature in the circulating water tank is uniform and stable, and the control is accurate.

4. The application range is wide and flexible. On the one hand, the device can be used as a small-sized device for laboratory, and can be applied to heat shock and cold shock occasions of large-scale and batch fruits and vegetables if the fruit and vegetable bracket is changed into a conveyor type automatic transmission; on the other hand, the water temperature value in the hot water collecting tank is set, so that the water collecting tank can be applied to heat shock and cold shock occasions of various fruits and vegetables, and is wide in application range and flexible.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated equipment for preparing and spraying hot and cold water according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of preferred embodiments and modified examples thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrate and not limit the scope of the utility model, which is defined by the appended claims.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure and a working principle of an integrated equipment and control method for preparing and spraying hot and cold water according to an embodiment of the present utility model. The utility model provides cold and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment, which comprises: the water heater comprises an upper tank 10 and a lower tank 10, a complete reverse Carnot circulation system 20, a hot water circulation system 30, a cold water circulation system 40, a hot water spray system 50, a cold water spray system 60 and an electrical control system 70.

The box body 10 shown in fig. 1, the lower box body is provided with a hot water collecting tank 11, a cold water collecting tank 12 and a device room 13 for accommodating devices for preparing hot water and cold water, the upper box body is a spray chamber 14, the left end of the spray chamber 14 is a fruit and vegetable outlet 17, the right end is a fruit and vegetable inlet 16, a fruit and vegetable conveying device 15 is arranged at the middle part in the vertical direction inside the spray chamber 14, the fruit and vegetable conveying device 15 transversely penetrates through the spray chamber 14 and respectively penetrates out from the fruit and vegetable inlet 16 and the fruit and vegetable outlet 17, a soft curtain 141 is arranged above the fruit and vegetable conveying device 15 at the left and right middle parts of the spray chamber 14, a baffle 142 is arranged below the soft curtain 141 and the baffle 142 divide the spray chamber 14 into a hot water spray chamber 143 and a cold water spray chamber 144, the hot water spray nozzles 52 of the hot water spray system 50 are symmetrically arranged in the hot water spray chamber 143 in an upper row and a lower row relative to the fruit and vegetable conveying device 15, the cold water spray nozzles 62 of the cold water spray system 60 are symmetrically arranged in the cold water spray chamber 144 in an upper row and a lower row relative to the fruit and vegetable conveying device 15, the lower part of the hot water spray chamber 143 corresponds to the upper part of the hot water collecting tank 11, the lower part of the cold water spray chamber 144 corresponds to the upper part of the cold water collecting tank 12, in order to avoid splashing of water sprayed by the hot water spray nozzles 32 to the outside of the device, the fruit and vegetable inlet end 16 of the hot water spray chamber 143 is provided with a hot water baffle 145 corresponding to the upper part of the fruit and vegetable conveying device 15, in order to avoid splashing of water sprayed by the cold water spray nozzles 42 to the outside of the device, the fruit and vegetable outlet end 17 of the frozen spray chamber 144 is provided with a cold water baffle 146 corresponding to the upper part of the fruit and vegetable conveying device 15.

The apparatus for simultaneously preparing hot water and cold water, namely a complete reverse Carnot circulation system 20, is arranged in the apparatus chamber 13 of the lower tank shown in FIG. 1, and comprises a compressor 21, a condenser 22, an evaporator 23, a throttle expansion valve 24, other auxiliary equipment, pipelines and valve elements, a hot water circulation system 30 consisting of a hot water circulation pump 31, pipelines and valve elements, a cold water circulation pump 41, a pipeline and a cold water circulation system 40 consisting of valve elements.

When hot water and cold water are prepared, the hot water circulating water pump 31, the cold water circulating water pump 41 and the compressor 21 are all put into operation, at this time, the water sucked by the hot water circulating water pump 31 from the hot water collecting tank 11 is discharged to the condenser 22 through the water discharge pipeline to absorb heat in the condensation process of the reverse Carnot cycle agent gas, after the water temperature is increased, the water returns to the hot water collecting tank 11 through the water outlet pipe of the condenser 22, the high-pressure working medium gas of the reverse Carnot cycle agent system is condensed into high-pressure working medium liquid, under the action of the compressor 21, the water sucked by the cold water circulating water pump 41 from the cold water collecting tank 12 is discharged to the evaporator 23 through the water discharge pipeline to transfer heat to the low-pressure working medium liquid which enters the evaporator 23 from the throttle expansion valve 24, after the water temperature is reduced, the low-pressure working medium liquid is returned to the cold water collecting tank 12 through the water outlet pipe of the evaporator 23 to absorb heat and evaporate into the low-pressure working medium gas, and the low-pressure working medium liquid is sucked by the compressor 21, and the high-pressure working medium liquid is continuously circulated, so that the high-pressure working medium liquid is continuously and the high-pressure working medium liquid is continuously prepared.

The hot water spraying system 50 shown in fig. 1 mainly comprises a hot water conveying water pump 51 positioned at one side of a hot water collecting tank 11, a water outlet of the hot water conveying water pump 51 is communicated with a hot water main pipe 53, the hot water main pipe 53 is divided into two paths which are connected in parallel and enter a hot water spraying chamber 143, a hot water upper branch pipe 54 and a hot water lower branch pipe 55 are respectively arranged, and a plurality of hot water nozzles 52 are respectively and uniformly arranged on the hot water upper branch pipe 54 and the hot water lower branch pipe 55. After the hot water delivery pump 51 of the hot water spray system is started, the hot water in the hot water collecting tank 11 is sprayed to fruits and vegetables on the fruit and vegetable delivery device 15 of the hot water spray chamber 143 through the hot water nozzle 52 under the action of the hot water delivery pump 51, and then falls back to the hot water collecting tank 11 under the action of self gravity.

The cold water spraying system 60 shown in fig. 1 mainly comprises a cold water conveying water pump 61 positioned at one side of a cold water collecting tank 12, a water outlet of the cold water conveying water pump 61 is communicated with a cold water main pipe 63, the cold water main pipe 63 is divided into two paths which are connected in parallel and enter a cold water spraying chamber 144, an upper cold water branch pipe 64 and a lower cold water branch pipe 65 are respectively arranged, and a plurality of cold water nozzles 62 are respectively and uniformly arranged on the upper cold water branch pipe 64 and the lower cold water branch pipe 65. After the cold water delivery pump 61 of the cold water spray system is started, the cold water in the cold water collecting tank 12 is sprayed to fruits and vegetables on the fruit and vegetable delivery device 15 of the cold water spray chamber 144 through the cold water nozzle 62 under the action of the cold water delivery pump 61, and then falls back to the cold water collecting tank 12 under the action of self gravity.

The hot water collecting tank 11 shown in fig. 1 is internally provided with a hot water filter screen 111 and a hot water float valve 112 for automatic water replenishment, the bottom of the hot water collecting tank is provided with a hot water drain valve 113 for cleaning a water tank, and besides, the tank body of the hot water collecting tank 11 is also provided with water outlet pipes connected with a hot water circulating pump 31 and a hot water conveying pump 51, and water inlet pipes connected with a condenser 22. After the hot water falling from the hot water spray chamber 143 is filtered by the hot water filter screen 111 arranged inside the hot water collecting tank 11, the filtered hot water enters the hot water collecting tank 11, a part of the hot water evaporates to reduce the hot water in the hot water collecting tank 11 along with the operation of equipment, when the water level falls to the lower limit corresponding to the control water level of the hot water floating ball valve 112, the hot water floating ball valve 112 is automatically opened to supplement water to the hot water collecting tank 11 from the outside, and the water level reaches the upper limit of the control water level of the hot water floating ball valve 112, so that the hot water floating ball valve 112 automatically stops supplementing water.

The cold water collecting tank 12 shown in fig. 1 is internally provided with a cold water filter screen 121, a cold water float valve 122 for automatic water replenishment, a cold water drain valve 123 for cleaning the water tank is arranged at the bottom, and water outlet pipes connected with the cold water circulating water pump 41 and the cold water conveying water pump 61 and water inlet pipes connected with the evaporator 23 are respectively arranged on the tank body of the cold water collecting tank 12. The cold water falling from the cold water spray chamber 144 enters the cold water collection tank 12 after being filtered by the cold water filter screen 121 arranged inside the cold water collection tank 12, and as the equipment operates, part of the cold water can evaporate to reduce the cold water in the cold water collection tank 12, when the water level drops to the lower limit corresponding to the control water level of the cold water float valve 122, the cold water float valve 122 is automatically opened to supplement water to the cold water collection tank 12 from the outside, and when the water level reaches the upper limit of the control water level of the cold water float valve 122, the cold water float valve 122 automatically stops supplementing water.

The utility model relates to an electric control system of cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated equipment, which mainly comprises a data acquisition element, a main control unit for data processing and execution, and a display for data, running state and fault inquiry.

The data acquisition element mainly comprises a temperature sensor for equipping required water temperature and working medium of a reverse Carnot circulation system, a hot water circulation water system, a cold water circulation system, a hot water spray system, a water pressure switch of the cold water spray system, a pressure sensor of the reverse Carnot circulation system and other data acquisition elements, the main control unit comprises an electric control box body, a data processor, a contactor, a frequency converter, a time relay and other electric execution elements which are arranged in the electric control box, and the display can be arranged on a door plate of the electric control box and can also be arranged in other places which are equipped with other data, faults, running states and operations conveniently, as shown in the top of the fruit and vegetable inlet end of the equipment shown in figure 1. All data acquisition elements such as temperature sensors and pressure sensors are connected with a data processor and a display of the main control unit, and the data processor is connected with execution elements such as contactors and time relays through data wires and wires to form a complete electrical control system.

The temperature sensor arranged on the water collecting tank is mainly used for detecting and controlling the temperature of water in the water collecting tank by the main control unit, and comprises a hot water temperature sensor and a cold water temperature sensor, wherein the compressor exhaust temperature sensor is arranged on a compressor exhaust pipeline and is used for protecting the compressor, the main control unit is used for determining the operation or stop of the compressor according to the detected compressor exhaust temperature value so as to protect the safety of the compressor, the water pressure switches of the hot water circulating system, the cold water circulating system, the hot water spraying system and the cold water spraying system are all arranged on the water outlet pipelines of the corresponding water pumps, the pressure switches of the hot water circulating system and the cold water circulating system are mainly used for detecting and monitoring whether the hot water circulating water pump and the cold water circulating water pump work normally or not, and are interlocked with the compressor so as to protect the safety of the compressor of reverse Carnot circulation. When the electric control system works, the data processor receives signals of the data acquisition system, immediately instructs the reverse Carnot circulation system executive component to act according to a set program, the contactor, the time relay, the frequency converter and other executive components of the executive component are closed or opened, frequency-increased or frequency-reduced and the like according to the instructions of the data processor, and meanwhile, the data processor displays the data acquired by the data processor, the action results of the executive component and the like on the display screen, so that equipment users can conveniently know the running states or fault reasons of the equipment and all parts of the equipment from the display of the electric control system. In addition, the pressure sensors of the hot water circulation system, the cold water circulation system, the heat shock spraying system and the cold water spraying system can be replaced by water flow switches, the compressor exhaust pressure sensor and the suction pressure sensor can be replaced by pressure switches, and the data processor can be a circuit board which is programmed and manufactured according to a program or a programmable controller.

The working principle of heat shock treatment of fruits and vegetables by applying the cold and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment and control mode is specifically described below with reference to the specific embodiment of the cold and hot water preparation and spraying integrated equipment and control mode:

as described above, when the integrated equipment and control method for preparing cold and hot water is used in practice to remove microorganisms on the surface of fruits and vegetables, firstly, the hot water circulating water pump of the hot water circulating system and the cold water circulating water pump of the cold water circulating system are started by the electric control system, at this time, water in the hot water collecting tank is sucked by the hot water circulating water pump, enters the condenser through the water discharging pipe of the hot water circulating water pump, then returns to the hot water collecting tank through the water discharging pipe of the condenser, water in the cold water collecting tank is sucked by the cold water circulating water pump, enters the evaporator through the water discharging pipe of the cold water circulating water pump, then returns to the freezing collecting tank through the water discharging pipe of the evaporator, meanwhile, the water pressure switches respectively arranged on the water discharging pipes of the hot water circulating water pump and the cold water circulating water pump are used for transmitting the water pressure of the hot water circulating water pump and the cold water circulating water pump to the main control unit data processor and the display, when the water discharging pressure of the hot water circulating water pump and the cold water circulating water pump received by the data processor reach the set values, the data processor automatically instructs the reverse direction of the circulating system to put into operation, the compressor is started to operate, the compressor is sucked into the low-pressure working medium of the condenser from the evaporator, the working medium is sucked into the working medium of the condenser, the working medium is compressed into the working medium, and enters the high-pressure medium through the high-pressure air circulating water pump and then flows through the high-pressure air-pressure circulation pump, and the high-pressure air compressor, and then flows into the working medium, and is cooled down medium, and is discharged into the working medium, and high-pressure medium, and is cooled down medium, and is cooled, the low-pressure working medium liquid absorbs heat of water discharged into the evaporator by the cold water circulating water pump, the water temperature is reduced, the water returns to the cold water collecting tank by the water outlet pipe of the evaporator, the working medium liquid is evaporated into low-pressure working medium gas, the low-pressure working medium gas is sucked by the compressor, the working medium in the reverse Carnot circulation system, the water in the hot water collecting tank passes through the hot water circulating system formed by the hot water circulating water pump and the condenser of the reverse Carnot circulation system, the water in the cold water collecting tank passes through the cold water circulating system formed by the cold water circulating water pump and the evaporator of the reverse Carnot circulation system, and the three systems are continuously circulated in a linkage way, so that the purposes of heating the water in the hot water collecting tank and cooling the cold water collecting tank by the reverse Carnot circulation system are achieved at the same time, and hot water and cold water are prepared at the same time. When the temperature sensor of the hot water collecting tank detects that the temperature of the hot water collecting tank reaches a set value above 45 ℃ (or the temperature sensor of the cold water collecting tank detects that the temperature of the cold water collecting tank reaches a set value below 20 ℃), the electric control system automatically sends a prompt that the water temperature meets the requirement, at the moment, the electric control system automatically instructs the hot water conveying water pump of the hot water spraying system and the cold water conveying water pump of the cold water spraying system to start, so that the hot water in the hot water collecting tank is sucked into the hot water of the hot water collecting tank through the water suction pipeline by the hot water conveying water pump, the water discharge pipeline is divided into an upper pipeline and a lower pipeline which enter the fruit and vegetable conveying device of the hot water spray chamber, and then the water is sprayed out through the hot water nozzles connected with the two pipelines, and meanwhile, cold water in the cold water collecting tank is sucked into the cold water of the cold water collecting tank through the water suction pipeline by the cold water conveying water pump, the water is divided into the upper pipeline and the lower pipeline which enter the fruit and vegetable conveying device of the cold water spray chamber through the water discharge pipeline, and then the water is sprayed out through the cold water nozzles connected with the two pipelines, when the hot water pressure and the cold water pressure detected by the water pressure switches respectively arranged on the water discharge pipeline of the hot water conveying water pump and the water discharge pipeline of the cold water conveying water pump meet the requirements, the electric control system automatically sends out prompts, so that microorganism removal work can be carried out on picked fruits and vegetables, and vegetables are placed on the fruit and vegetable conveying device at the inlet of the hot water spray chamber, the fruits and vegetables entering the hot water spray chamber are sprayed with hot water from the upper and lower directions at the temperature higher than 45 ℃, at the moment, the psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms die due to the temperature higher than the survival temperature of the microorganisms and are sprayed to a lower hot water collecting tank along with the sprayed hot water, the microorganisms are filtered by a hot water filter in the hot water collecting tank, the hot water falls into the hot water collecting tank, the fruits and vegetables after hot water spraying carry thermophilic microorganisms which are not washed by the hot water, pass through a soft curtain between the hot water spray chamber and the cold water spray chamber and enter the cold water spray chamber, at the moment, fruits and vegetables which are just sprayed by hot water are sprayed by cold water from the upper direction and the lower direction, at the moment, thermophilic microorganisms die because the temperature is lower than the survival temperature of the fruits and vegetables, the thermophilic microorganisms fall to a cold water collecting tank below along with sprayed cold water, the microorganisms are filtered by a cold water filter in the cold water collecting tank, and the cold water falls into the cold water collecting tank, so that after the fruits and vegetables are sprayed by hot water in a hot water spraying chamber and cold water spraying chamber of the hot water preparing and spraying integrated device provided by the utility model, the psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables are completely cleaned, and the fruits and vegetables which are treated by the cold water spraying chamber are removed from the fruits and vegetables outlet, and the purpose of continuously cleaning the microorganisms on the surfaces of the picked fruits and vegetables is realized.

The device is used for spraying hot water to fruits and vegetables, the temperature of fruits and vegetables is lower than the hot water temperature, the hot water temperature of the water collection tank can be reduced, and in the cold water spraying process to fruits and vegetables, the temperature of fruits and vegetables is higher than the cold water temperature, so that the hot water temperature of the water collection tank is reduced, the temperature of the cold water collection tank is increased, when the hot water temperature of the hot water collection tank is lower than a set lower limit value or the cold water temperature of the cold water collection tank is higher than a set upper limit value, the hot water circulation pump of the hot water circulation system, the cold water circulation pump of the cold water circulation system and the compressor of the reverse Carnot circulation system can be started again to heat the hot water of the hot water collection tank, and meanwhile, the cold water of the cold water collection tank is cooled, so that the hot water temperature of the hot water collection tank and the cold water collection tank are in a set temperature range required to clear microorganisms, and the effect of the device is ensured.

In the starting and running processes of the equipment, any numerical value detected by the temperature sensor, the water pressure or water flow switch, the pressure sensor or the pressure switch of all the protection measures cannot meet the normal working value set by the program or the control element, the electric control system of the equipment cannot continuously start the equipment to run, and if the equipment is in the running process, the electric control system stops the equipment to run according to the program and displays the fault reason on the display.

In summary, the cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated equipment and control mode provided by the utility model has the following remarkable advantages:

1. low carbon and environmental protection. The device adopts a reverse Carnot circulation system, utilizes the heat release process that working medium condenses into liquid in the circulation process of the reverse Carnot circulation system to prepare hot water for removing psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms, and simultaneously utilizes the heat absorption that medium evaporates into low-pressure medium gas in the reverse Carnot circulation system to prepare cold water for removing thermophilic microorganisms, so that the device has simple structure, and realizes 100% recovery and application of the heat released by the medium of the reverse Carnot circulation system in the condenser and the cold produced by the evaporator, thereby having very low energy consumption and being a low-carbon device in the true sense.

2. The microorganism removing efficiency is high. The temperature of hot water prepared by the device and sprayed on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables is higher than 45 ℃ and higher than the conditions suitable for the survival of psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms, so that the psychrophilic microorganisms and mesophilic microorganisms die and are washed away by the sprayed hot water; the temperature of the cold water is lower than 20 ℃ and lower than the conditions suitable for survival of thermophilic microorganisms, and the thermophilic microorganisms can die and be washed away by the sprayed cold water, so that the equipment can kill the thermophilic microorganisms, mesophilic microorganisms and thermophilic microorganisms possibly existing on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables by the hot water spraying and cold water spraying action, and the hot water and the cold water are washed away by the sprayed hot water and cold water respectively at the same time, so that the microorganism cleaning effect on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables is thorough and efficient.

3. The water temperature is even and stable, and the control is accurate. The hot water and the cold water are prepared by adopting the phase change working medium in the circulation state change of the reverse Carnot circulation system, and the heat exchange temperature difference is small, so that the water temperature in the circulating water tank is uniform and stable, and the control is accurate.

4. The application range is wide and flexible. On the one hand, the device can be used as a small-sized device for laboratory, and can be applied to heat shock and cold shock occasions of large-scale and batch fruits and vegetables if the fruit and vegetable bracket is changed into a conveyor type automatic transmission; on the other hand, the water temperature value in the hot water collecting tank is set, so that the water collecting tank can be applied to heat shock and cold shock occasions of various fruits and vegetables, and is wide in application range and flexible.

While the preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described above by way of illustration, the scope of the utility model is not limited to the above description but is defined by all technical features set forth in the appended claims and their equivalents. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the claims of the present utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the teachings of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. Cold and hot water prepares and sprays integration equipment, including box (10), its characterized in that, box (10) are configured into 5 cavities: a cold water spray chamber (144) at the left side of the upper section, a hot water spray chamber (143) at the right side of the upper section, a cold water collecting tank (12) at the left side of the lower section, an equipment chamber (13) at the middle part of the lower section and a hot water collecting tank (11) at the right side of the lower section; the fruits and vegetables to be treated penetrate from the hot water spray chamber (143) and penetrate from the cold water spray chamber (144), a reverse Carnot circulation system (20) is arranged in the equipment chamber (13), the reverse Carnot circulation system (20) prepares hot water through the hot water circulation system (30), and the hot water is conveyed to the hot water spray chamber (143) through the hot water spray system (50) and sprayed on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables; the reverse Carnot circulation system (20) prepares cold water through the cold water circulation system (40), and the cold water is conveyed to the cold water spray chamber (144) through the cold water spray system (60) and sprayed on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables.

2. An integrated cold and hot water preparing and spraying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the reverse carnot circulation system (20) comprises a compressor (21), a condenser (22) and an evaporator (23) respectively connected with the compressor (21), and a throttle expansion valve (24) arranged on the diameter pipelines of the condenser (22) and the evaporator (23).

3. The cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the hot water circulating system (30) comprises a hot water circulating pump (31), and water circulation is established between the condenser (22) and the hot water collecting tank (11) through the hot water circulating pump (31) and pipelines and valve members; the cold water circulation system (40) comprises a cold water circulation pump (41), and water circulation is established between the evaporator (23) and the cold water collecting tank (12) through the cold water circulation pump (41) and pipelines and valve elements.

4. The cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the hot water spraying system (50) comprises a hot water conveying water pump (51), a water inlet of the hot water conveying water pump (51) is connected with a water outlet of a hot water collecting tank (11), the water outlet of the hot water conveying water pump (51) is communicated with a hot water main pipe (53), the hot water main pipe (53) is divided into a hot water upper branch pipe (54) and a hot water lower branch pipe (55) which are connected in parallel and enter the hot water spraying chamber (143), and a plurality of hot water nozzles (52) are uniformly arranged on the hot water upper branch pipe (54) and the hot water lower branch pipe (55) respectively; the cold water spray system (60) comprises a cold water conveying water pump (61), a water inlet of the cold water conveying water pump (61) is connected with a water outlet of the cold water collecting tank (12), a water outlet of the cold water conveying water pump (61) is communicated with a cold water main pipe (63), the cold water main pipe (63) is divided into a cold water upper branch pipe (64) and a cold water lower branch pipe (65) which are connected in parallel and enter a cold water spray chamber (144), and a plurality of cold water nozzles (62) are uniformly arranged on the cold water upper branch pipe (64) and the cold water lower branch pipe (65) respectively.

5. The cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated device according to claim 1, wherein a hot water filter screen (111) and a hot water float valve (112) for automatic water supplementing are arranged in the hot water collecting tank (11), and a hot water drain valve (113) for cleaning the water tank is arranged at the bottom; the cold water collecting tank (12) is internally provided with a cold water filter screen (121) and a cold water float valve (122) for automatically supplementing water, and the bottom is provided with a cold water drain valve (123) for cleaning the water tank.

6. The cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated device according to claim 1, wherein a cold water spray chamber (144) at the left side of the upper section and a hot water spray chamber (143) at the right side of the upper section are combined into a spray chamber (14), a fruit and vegetable inlet (16) is formed at the right end of the spray chamber (14), a fruit and vegetable outlet (17) is formed at the left end of the spray chamber, a fruit and vegetable conveying device (15) transversely penetrates through the spray chamber (14) and penetrates out of the fruit and vegetable inlet (16) and the fruit and vegetable outlet (17) respectively, and a hot water baffle curtain (145) and a cold water baffle curtain (146) are respectively arranged at the fruit and vegetable inlet (16) and the fruit and vegetable outlet (17) above the fruit and vegetable conveying device (15); a soft curtain (141) is arranged in the spray chamber (14) above the middle part of the corresponding fruit and vegetable conveying device (15), a partition board (142) is arranged in the spray chamber (14) below the middle part of the corresponding fruit and vegetable conveying device (15), and the soft curtain (141) and the partition board (142) divide the spray chamber (14) into the hot water spray chamber (143) and the cold water spray chamber (144); the hot water spray system (50) comprises a plurality of hot water spray nozzles (52) which are arranged in an upper row and a lower row in a hot water spray chamber (143) in a mirror symmetry manner relative to the fruit and vegetable conveying device (15), and the hot water spray system (50) comprises a plurality of cold water spray nozzles (62) which are arranged in an upper row and a lower row in a mirror symmetry manner relative to the fruit and vegetable conveying device (15) and are arranged in a cold water spray chamber (144).

7. The cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated equipment according to claim 1, further comprising an electric control system (70), wherein the electric control system (70) comprises a data acquisition element, a main control unit for data processing and execution, and a display for data, operation status and fault inquiry; the data acquisition element comprises a water temperature sensor, a Carnot cycle pressure sensor and a water pressure switch; the main control unit comprises an electric control box body, and a data processor, a contactor, a frequency converter and a time relay which are arranged in the electric control box body.

8. The cold and hot water preparing and spraying integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the compressor of the reverse Carnot circulating system adopts a variable frequency compressor, and the control system adjusts and controls the working frequency of the variable frequency compressor by adopting a frequency converter, so that the water temperatures of the hot water spraying system and the chilled water spraying system are more stable.