CN220170090U - Curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure - Google Patents
Curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN220170090U CN220170090U CN202321683959.0U CN202321683959U CN220170090U CN 220170090 U CN220170090 U CN 220170090U CN 202321683959 U CN202321683959 U CN 202321683959U CN 220170090 U CN220170090 U CN 220170090U
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model discloses a curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back-going tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure, wherein the back-going tunnel face is provided with a step face in the height direction, and blast holes are arranged in rows on the face where a lower step and a middle step are located; the center-digging hole is arranged in the middle area of the face where the upper step is located, the diamond-shaped shock-absorbing blastholes are arranged on one side close to the advance hole, the auxiliary holes are arranged on one side far away from the advance hole, and the shock-absorbing blastholes adopt a diamond blasthole hole arrangement mode, so that the explosive quantity required by blasting vibration is reduced, and the vibration influence of the moving hole to the advance hole after blasting excavation is reduced. The utility model reserves the advantages of the non-middle pilot tunnel multi-arch tunnel construction method, has the characteristics of simple working procedure and small disturbance to surrounding rock, is beneficial to shortening the construction period and reducing the cost, simultaneously better solves the problem of damage to the prior tunnel forming lining structure caused by the excavation blasting of the backward tunnel, and is beneficial to the general popularization and application of the non-middle pilot tunnel multi-arch tunnel construction method.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure, and belongs to tunnel tunneling excavation blasting technology.
Background
At present, a multi-arch tunnel mostly adopts a construction method of three pilot tunnels or a middle pilot tunnel advanced, the three pilot tunnel construction method has more working procedures, the temporary support quantity required to be dismantled is large, the waterproof effect is poor, the construction period is long, and the application of the multi-arch tunnel is restricted. In comparison, the middle pilot tunnel-free method reduces the procedures of excavating pilot tunnels, reduces temporary support quantity, has small interference among procedures, is beneficial to shortening the construction period and reducing the cost, well overcomes some defects of the traditional multi-arch tunnel, accelerates the construction speed, and improves the economic benefit of tunnel construction.
In the construction of the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel by adopting a single-hole construction method without a middle pilot tunnel, because the distance between two arches of the multi-arch tunnel without the middle pilot tunnel is zero clear distance, the middle wall consists of primary supports and secondary linings of two tunnel holes, and the thickness of the middle wall is thin. The blasting vibration of the excavation of the backward hole can have a great influence on the tunnel of the preceding hole, such as damage to the rock mass of the triangular area between the near-area multi-arch tunnels, vibration of the rock mass of the middle-far area and the like, so that deformation and even damage to the surrounding rock and lining structures of the triangular area between the arches and the adjacent preceding hole can be generated. Therefore, how to control the influence of the blasting excavation of the backward hole on the prior hole, and ensuring the safety of the prior hole is one of the difficulties and key problems of the construction of the multi-arch tunnel without the middle pilot hole.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model solves the technical problems that: aiming at the problem that the continuous supply tunnel advance hole is easily damaged in the middle pilot tunnel-free construction, the arrangement structure for the excavation of the tunnel face of the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel is provided, and the influence of the blasting excavation of the tunnel to the advance hole is reduced through reasonable arrangement of the tunnel face of the tunnel.
The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back-going tunnel face is provided with a step face in the height direction, wherein the face where the lower step 110 and the middle step 120 are located is provided with a blast hole lifting 101 in an arrangement manner; the center-digging hole 102 is arranged in the middle area of the face where the upper step 130 is located, the diamond-shaped shock-absorbing blastholes 105 are arranged on one side close to the advance hole, the auxiliary holes 104 are arranged on one side far away from the advance hole, and the shock-absorbing blastholes adopt a diamond blasthole hole arrangement mode, so that the explosive quantity required by blasting vibration is reduced, and the vibration influence of the post-blasting-excavation traveling hole on the advance hole is reduced.
In the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure, further, a mechanical excavation area 140 is reserved on one side of the lower step 110, the middle step 120 and the upper step 130 close to the prior tunnel, the edge blast holes of the lifting blast hole 101 and the damping blast hole 105 are positioned on the interface between the mechanical excavation area 140 and each step face, vibration energy of back tunnel face excavation blasting is buffered through the arrangement of the mechanical excavation area, and the influence of the back tunnel blasting on the forming lining of the prior tunnel is further reduced.
Preferably, the thickness from the mechanical excavation 140 to the preceding hole is 1-2.5m at the maximum.
In the arrangement structure of the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back-going tunnel face excavation blast holes, further, peripheral holes 106 are arranged at the top of the face where the upper step 130 is located along the tunnel vault, and a plurality of jacking holes 103 are arranged between the centering holes 102 and the peripheral holes 106 and used for blasting excavation of the arc vault at the top of the tunnel back-going tunnel.
In the arrangement structure of the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast holes, further, the peripheral holes 106 are alternately distributed along the tunnel vault by adopting the medicine holes 107 and the empty holes 108.
In the structure for arranging the blastholes in the tunnel face excavation of the back row hole of the curved-wall multi-arch tunnel, the damping blastholes 105 further comprise the medicine holes and the empty holes, the medicine holes are distributed along the diamond track, the empty holes are arranged at the center of the diamond track, the empty holes in the center increase the empty face during the peripheral medicine hole blasting, the arrangement quantity and the medicine loading quantity of the medicine holes can be reduced, the blasting excavation effect is ensured, and the vibration energy of the whole blasting is reduced.
In the arrangement structure for excavating the blastholes on the tunnel face of the back-going hole of the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel, the hole punching direction of the hole is vertical to the tunnel face, the hole punching direction of the medicine hole is inclined towards the hole punching direction of the center, the blastholes are inclined, and the tail end is closer to the middle hole, so that blasting excavation is facilitated.
In the arrangement structure of the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast holes, the inclination angle of the hole punching direction of the medicine hole is 15-30 degrees.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) When the curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face is excavated, the shock absorption blast hole arrangement structure with diamond blast holes distributed is adopted, the number of the explosive holes for blasting excavation of the back tunnel face is reduced through the combined arrangement of the central empty holes and the peripheral explosive holes, the explosive quantity required by blasting excavation is reduced, and the blasting effect is ensured through the reasonable arrangement of the empty holes.
(2) The utility model sets the mechanical excavation area on one side of the back hole close to the front hole, the mechanical excavation area is used as a buffer area when the back hole is excavated and blasted, the vibration energy of the face of the back hole during the excavation and blasting can be absorbed, and the forming lining structure of the front hole is protected during the excavation and blasting process of the back hole.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of retaining the advantages of the non-middle pilot tunnel multi-arch tunnel construction method, has the characteristics of simple working procedure and small disturbance to surrounding rock, is beneficial to shortening the construction period and reducing the cost, well solves the problem of damage of the backward hole digging blasting to the prior hole forming lining structure, and is beneficial to the general popularization and application of the non-middle pilot tunnel multi-arch tunnel construction method.
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a shock absorbing blasthole layout in an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a shock absorbing borehole in an embodiment.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 100-back hole, 110-lower step, 120-middle step, 130-upper step, 140-mechanical excavation area, 101-lifting blasthole, 102-core hole, 103-jacking hole, 104-auxiliary hole, 105-damping blasthole, 106-peripheral hole, 107-medicine hole and 108-empty hole.
200-preceding hole.
Detailed Description
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a construction schematic of a Yunnan green spring expressway Manyan tunnel is shown, the tunnel adopts a pilot tunnel-free multi-arch tunnel construction method, a pilot tunnel 200 is lined, and excavation blasting is carried out on the tunnel face of a backward tunnel 100. As shown in the figure, when one section of the face of the back hole 100 is excavated and blasted, three steps are arranged on the face of the back hole in the height direction, including a lower step 110, a middle step 120 and an upper step 130, a mechanical excavation area 140 is reserved on one side of the lower step 110, the middle step 120 and the upper step 130 close to the front hole, and the height of the mechanical excavation area 140 exceeds the intersection height of the front hole and the back hole. The holes are all arranged in the face areas where the lower step 110, the middle step 120 and the upper step 130 are located, no hole is arranged in the mechanical excavation area 140, and the hole is only used as a buffer area of the face excavation blasting of the back hole to the front hole, and mechanical excavation molding is performed after the face blasting of the back hole is completed.
Specifically, the lifting blastholes 101 are distributed in the face where the lower step 110 and the middle step 120 of the rear row hole are located, and the lifting blastholes 101 in the area range are distributed along the horizontal track; a core drawing hole 102, a jacking hole 103, an auxiliary hole 104, a shock absorption blast hole 105 and a peripheral hole 106 are arranged in the face where the upper step 130 is located, wherein the core drawing hole 102 is arranged in the middle area of the face where the upper step 130 is located and is arranged along a vertical track; the shock-absorbing blastholes 105 are arranged in the face area on one side of the upper step 130 close to the advance hole, and comprise a plurality of face areas arranged along diamond-shaped tracks, the auxiliary eyes 104 are arranged in the face area on one side of the upper step 130 far away from the advance hole, the peripheral eyes 106 are arranged at the top of the face where the upper step 130 is positioned, the shock-absorbing blastholes are arranged along arc tracks on the edge of a tunnel vault, and the jacking holes 103 are arranged between the centering eyes 102 and the peripheral eyes 106 and are arranged along arc tracks parallel to the tunnel vault.
Since the mechanical excavation area 140 is left on one side of the lower step 110, the middle step 120 and the upper step 130, which is close to the preceding hole, and the thickest horizontal thickness of the mechanical excavation area 140 to the preceding hole is 2m in this embodiment, when the hole is drilled on the face where each step is located, the edge blast holes 101 of the edge lift blastholes in the lower step 110, the middle step 120 and the edge blast holes of the shock absorbing blastholes 105 in the upper step 130 are arranged on the interface between the mechanical excavation area 140 and each step face, except the peripheral holes on the top, no blastholes are ensured in the face area of the mechanical excavation area 140, and the influence of the post hole blasting on the forming lining of the preceding hole is further reduced by arranging vibration energy of the post hole tunnel excavation blasting.
Referring to fig. 2, the shock-absorbing blastholes 105 in this embodiment are arranged in a combined blasthole manner, and specifically include drug holes 107 and empty holes 108, the drug holes 107 are distributed along a diamond track, the empty holes 108 are arranged at the center of the diamond track, the drug holes 107 are distributed around the empty holes 108, the drug holes 107 are blastholes filled with explosive, the inside of the empty holes 108 is not filled with explosive, the shock-absorbing blastholes are only used as a temporary face when peripheral drug holes are blasted, the number of drug holes distributed and the drug loading amount can be reduced due to the arrangement of the central empty holes, and the vibration energy of the whole blasting is reduced while the blasting excavation effect is ensured.
In the shock-absorbing blasthole 105, the hole 108 was drilled horizontally in the face of the step vertically above the hole, and the hole 107 was drilled at an inclination of 30 ° to the hole direction at the center, and the hole depths were 0.6m.
The peripheral eyes 106 are alternately arranged along the tunnel vault by using drug eyes 107 and empty eyes 108. In this embodiment, the hole 101, the hole 102, the hole 103 and the auxiliary hole 104 are holes, the hole diameter d=50mm, the hole 101 hole spacing is 0.4-0.7 m, the hole spacing of the hole 102 is 0.2-0.6 m, the hole spacing of the hole 103 and the auxiliary hole 104 is generally 0.6-0.9 m, the hole loading of the hole 101 and the hole 102 is 0.5kg/m, the hole loading of the auxiliary hole 104 and the hole 105 is 0.4kg/m, and the hole loading of the hole 103 and the hole 106 is 0.15kg/m.
In this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. refer to the directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for clarity and convenience of description of the expression technical solution, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a list of elements is included, and may include other elements not expressly listed.
The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about variations or substitutions within the technical scope of the present utility model, and the utility model should be covered. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation big gun hole arrangement structure which characterized in that: step surfaces are arranged on the face surfaces of the back going holes in the height direction, wherein the face surfaces of the lower steps (110) and the middle steps (120) are provided with blast holes (101); the middle area of the face where the upper step (130) is located is provided with a centering hole (102), one side close to the advance hole is provided with shock absorption blast holes (105) in diamond arrangement, and one side far away from the advance hole is provided with an auxiliary hole (104).
2. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein: the mechanical excavation area (140) is reserved on one side, close to the advance hole, of the lower step (110), the middle step (120) and the upper step (130), and the edge blast holes of the lifting blast hole (101) and the shock absorption blast hole (105) are positioned on the interface of the mechanical excavation area (140) and each step surface.
3. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness from the mechanical excavation area (140) to the advance hole is 1-2.5m.
4. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein: peripheral eyes (106) are arranged at the top of the tunnel face where the upper step (130) is located along the tunnel vault, and a plurality of jacking holes (103) are arranged between the centering eyes (102) and the peripheral eyes (106).
5. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 4, wherein: the peripheral eyes (106) are alternately distributed along the tunnel vault by adopting medicine eyes (107) and empty eyes (108).
6. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein: the shock absorption blast holes (105) comprise drug eyes and empty eyes, the drug eyes are distributed along diamond-shaped tracks, and the empty eyes are arranged at the center positions of the diamond-shaped tracks.
7. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 6, wherein: the punching direction of the empty eyes is perpendicular to the face, and the punching direction of the medicine eyes is inclined towards the punching direction of the central empty eyes.
8. The curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure according to claim 7, wherein: the inclination angle of the punching direction of the medicine eye is 15-30 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321683959.0U CN220170090U (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321683959.0U CN220170090U (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN220170090U true CN220170090U (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202321683959.0U Active CN220170090U (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Curved wall type multi-arch tunnel back tunnel face excavation blast hole arrangement structure |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220170090U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-30 CN CN202321683959.0U patent/CN220170090U/en active Active
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